JP5481480B2 - 拡張二成分冷却システムを用いた冷却方法 - Google Patents
拡張二成分冷却システムを用いた冷却方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 161
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 126
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increased Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 propylene, ethylene Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012495 crackers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011027 product recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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Description
Claims (38)
- 方法であって、メタンと、プロピレンおよびプロパンからなるグループから選択されたC3炭化水素との混合物を含む拡張二成分冷却剤を用いて供給ガスを冷却するステップを備え、前記拡張二成分冷却剤は第1段および最終段を有する多段コンプレッサで圧縮され、最終段の放出は少なくとも60モル%のC3炭化水素を含み、圧縮の後液体冷却流およびガス状冷却流に分割される、方法。
- 前記C3炭化水素はプロピレンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記C3炭化水素の少なくとも90重量%はプロピレンである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記最終段放出は、10〜40モル%メタンおよび60〜90モル%C3炭化水素を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記最終段放出は、15〜25モル%メタンおよび75〜85モル%プロピレンを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記拡張二成分冷却剤は、18〜22モル%メタンおよび78〜82モル%プロピレンを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 拡張二成分冷却剤は、約−136℃から約25℃の温度範囲内での冷却を与えることができる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記供給ガスはオレフィンを含み、方法は前記オレフィンを分別により前記冷却された供給ガスから除去するステップを備える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記オレフィンはエチレンである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記供給ガスは水素およびメタンをさらに含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記最終段放出は、10〜40モル%メタンおよび60〜90モル%C3炭化水素を含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 拡張二成分冷却剤で冷却するための方法であって、
(a) 拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気を生成するために、多段コンプレッサにおいて、メタンを10〜40モル%と、プロピレンおよびプロパンからなるグループから選択された少なくとも1つのC3炭化水素を60〜90モル%とを含む混合物を圧縮するステップと、
(b) 前記拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気を冷却してその一部を凝縮させ、蒸気のメタンリッチ二成分冷却剤流と液体C3炭化水素リッチ二成分冷却剤流とを与えるステップと、
(c) 前記メタンリッチ二成分冷却剤流および前記C3炭化水素リッチ二成分冷却剤流を用いて冷却を行なうステップと、
(d)前記メタンリッチ二成分冷却剤流および前記C3炭化水素リッチ二成分冷却剤流を前記多段コンプレッサに戻すステップとを備える、方法。 - 前記メタンリッチ二成分冷却剤流および前記C3炭化水素リッチ二成分冷却剤流は、水素、メタンおよびエチレンを含むチャージガスを冷却する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記チャージガスはエチレンを生成するために用いられる、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 拡張二成分冷却剤は、約−136℃から約25℃の範囲内での冷却を与えることができる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 水素、メタンおよびエチレンを含むチャージガスからオレフィンを生成するための方法において、前記チャージガスは一連の熱交換器を有する冷却システムによって冷却され、前記チャージガスを冷却するための方法は、
(a) 第1段および最終段を有し、最終段放出がある多段コンプレッサにおいて、メタンと、プロピレンおよびプロパンからなるグループから選択されたC3炭化水素とを含む拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気を圧縮するステップと、
(b) 前記最終段放出から前記拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気の一部を凝縮するために冷却し、残余拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気と、前記選択された混合よりもより多くの割合のプロピレンを有する重い冷却剤流とを形成するステップと、
(c) セパレータにおいて、前記重い冷却剤流を前記残余拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気から分離するステップと、
(d) 前記セパレータからの前記残余拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気の少なくとも一部を凝縮するために冷却し、軽い冷却剤流を形成するステップと、
(e) 前記重い冷却剤流および前記軽い冷却剤流を、前記一連の熱交換器において、自分自身と、および互いと、ならびに前記チャージャガスと接触熱交換させ、それにより前記チャージガスは冷却され、前記重い冷却剤流は冷却され、つぎに加熱および蒸発させられ、前記軽い冷却剤流はまず冷却され、少なくとも部分的に凝縮され、次に蒸発させられるステップと、
(f) 前記軽い冷却剤流および前記重い冷却剤流を前記コンプレッサに戻すステップとを備える、方法。 - 前記二成分冷却剤蒸気の少なくとも一部を凝縮するための前記冷却は、冷却水で冷却することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- (c)で得られる前記重い冷却剤流の一部は、(b)において冷却に用いられる、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記軽い冷却剤流は、前記重い冷却剤流によって部分的に凝縮され、さらに自己冷却により凝縮される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- コンプレッサは中間段をさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- エチレン分別リボイラー、脱エタン化凝縮装置、および脱プロパン化凝縮装置の少なくとも1つを冷却するために、前記重い冷却剤流の一部を用いることをさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記最終段放出のプロピレン含有量は50モル%を超える、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記液体冷却剤流のプロピレン含有量は、80モル%を超える、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 拡張二成分冷却剤は、約−136℃から約25℃の温度範囲内での冷却を与えることができる、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却するための方法は、別個のプロピレンおよびエチレン冷却システムを有するカスケード冷却システムを用いる既存のオレフィンプラントの全体の冷却能力を増やすため
に用いられる、請求項16に記載の方法。 - さらなる冷却デューティを与えるために、(f)で形成された液体流を用いることをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記軽い冷却剤流は、低圧で、エチレン分別凝縮装置への前記液体冷却剤流の流れを規制するバルブの下流において、前記エチレン分別凝縮装置に入る液体冷却剤流に注入される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記拡張二成分冷却剤の直接冷却デューティは、圧力降下の後、分別塔の底部でもたらされるクラッキングヒータへのエタンリサイクルと、前記分別塔の上から流れる総オーバーヘッド蒸気との間の熱交換によって減少する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記拡張二成分冷却剤の直接冷却デューティは、圧力降下の後、分別塔の底部でもたらされるクラッキングヒータへのエタンリサイクルと、エチレン分別凝縮装置に流れる前記冷却剤との間の熱交換によって減少する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 第1の軽い炭化水素分離塔は、異なる圧力の2つの塔を含む脱プロパン化装置であり、より高い圧力の塔のオーバーヘッド蒸気は、相互リボイラーにおいて少なくとも一部が凝縮されて、より高い圧力の塔への還流を与える、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記チャージガスを脱エタン化するステップをさらに備え、脱エタン化凝縮装置は設けられず、前記脱エタン化凝縮装置への還流は、脱エタン化総オーバーヘッドが分別塔に入る供給トレイ近くで引出される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記コンプレッサから流出する前記拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気は、1モル%以下の水素を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記コンプレッサから流出する前記拡張二成分冷却剤蒸気は10モル%以下のプロパンを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記拡張二成分冷却剤は、別個のプロピレンおよびエチレン冷却システムを有するカスケード冷却システムの代わりとなることにより、既存のオレフィンプラントの全体の冷却能力を増やすよう構成されている、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 拡張二成分冷却剤であって、メタンと、プロピレンおよびプロパンからなるグループから選択されたC3炭化水素との混合を含み、拡張二成分冷却剤はメタンを10〜40モル%、プロピレンおよびプロパンからなるグループから選択された少なくとも1つのC3炭化水素を60〜90モル%含み、さらに約2モル%以下の水素を含み、メタン、C3炭化水素、および水素の合計モル%は100%である、拡張二成分冷却剤。
- C3炭化水素はプロピレンである、請求項35に記載の拡張二成分冷却剤。
- 冷却剤は、約−136℃から約25℃の温度範囲内での冷却を与えることができる、請求項35に記載の拡張二成分冷却剤
- 前記冷却剤は15〜25モル%のメタンおよび75〜85モル%のプロピレンを含む、請求項35に記載の拡張二成分冷却剤。
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