JP5471285B2 - Stator, rotor, and superconducting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator, a rotor, and a superconducting device, and more particularly to a stator, a rotor around which a racetrack superconducting coil is wound, and a superconducting device including the stator and the rotor.

  Conventionally, a racetrack type superconducting coil formed by winding a wire made of a superconductor (superconducting wire) so as to form a long shape in one direction has been used for a stator and a rotor constituting a motor. The racetrack superconducting coil affects the characteristics of the flowing current depending on the arrangement and winding method.

  For example, if the superconducting wire is bent with a large curvature, the superconducting property of the superconducting wire may be lost. For this reason, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-153372 (Patent Document 1) discloses a racetrack coil that is gently curved with a smaller curvature by increasing the diameter of the arc-shaped portion. Further, for example, in JP 2009-65119 A (Patent Document 2), in order to suppress the superconducting wire from slacking when it is wound and to wind the superconducting wire with high accuracy, the performance of the superconducting coil is improved. Also disclosed are a racetrack type coil formed by winding a superconducting wire around a winding frame formed by connecting both ends of a pair of opposing linear portions with an arc portion, and a method for producing the racetrack oil. .

JP 2008-153372 A JP 2009-65119 A

  However, due to recent technological advances, there is a demand for further improvement of electrical characteristics in devices such as motors using superconducting coils. For this purpose, it is considered that not only the arrangement of the superconducting coil but also the method of supporting the superconducting coil to be arranged at a desired position and controlling the efficiency of cooling the superconducting coil are important.

  For example, when a current is passed through a superconducting coil, a magnetic field is generated on the outer periphery of the superconducting coil, and magnetic flux lines are generated. For example, consider a case where a superconducting coil is wound around the outer periphery of a stator iron core constituting a motor. In this case, most of the magnetic flux lines generated by the current flowing through the superconducting coil pass through the iron core. However, some of the magnetic flux lines may pass through the inside of the superconducting coil, for example, by turning slightly less than the iron core.

  Among the magnetic flux lines penetrating the inside of the superconducting coil, the component in the direction penetrating the main surface of the superconducting wire constituting the superconducting coil is the current flowing through the superconducting coil (superconducting wire). It becomes a factor that the value decreases. For this reason, in order to suppress a decrease in the value of the current flowing through the superconducting coil and improve the electrical characteristics of the superconducting coil, the superconducting coil is provided so that the magnetic flux lines generated by the coil do not penetrate inside the superconducting coil. Is preferably arranged. However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 make no mention of taking measures against such magnetic flux lines.

  In Patent Documents 1 and 2, a member used to adjust the curvature and winding of the racetrack type coil supports the racetrack type coil to be disposed at a desired position, and the racetrack type coil. No mention is made of having a function of increasing the cooling efficiency of the. For this reason, with respect to the racetrack type coils disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example, depending on the curvature of the curved portion of the racetrack type coil and the state of the winding frame that fixes the racetrack type coil, the cooling efficiency of the coil May significantly decrease, or it may be difficult to place the coil at a desired position.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. The purpose is to place the superconducting coil in a desired position with an appropriate strength to suppress the influence of magnetic flux lines on the coil, and to increase the strength at which the coil is fixed and the cooling efficiency of the coil, To provide a stator, a rotor, and a superconducting device with improved electrical characteristics of a superconducting coil.

A stator according to the present invention includes a first spacer disposed so as to be sandwiched between a superconducting coil layer in which a plurality of racetrack coils are stacked and a racetrack coil facing each other in the stacking direction of the racetrack coils. And a second spacer disposed so as to cover the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side by fitting the inner peripheral surface side of the linear portion of the racetrack coil and the outer peripheral surface side of the linear portion. This is a stator using a coil body. The stator further includes a third spacer on the surface of the second spacer so as to straddle the adjacent superconducting coil bodies.
A stator according to the present invention includes a first spacer disposed so as to be sandwiched between a superconducting coil layer in which a plurality of racetrack coils are stacked and a racetrack coil facing each other in the stacking direction of the racetrack coils. And a second spacer disposed so as to cover the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side by fitting the inner peripheral surface side of the linear portion of the racetrack coil and the outer peripheral surface side of the linear portion. This is a stator using a coil body.

  The stator (one component constituting the motor) according to the present invention includes two types of spacers, a first spacer and a second spacer, for fixing the racetrack coil at a desired position. By disposing the first spacer, it is possible to efficiently distribute the coolant for cooling the racetrack coil (superconducting coil) in a region sandwiched between the plurality of stacked racetrack coils. it can. Further, by arranging the second spacer, the superconducting coil layer (laminated racetrack coil) can be firmly fixed so as to be arranged at a desired position. That is, the second spacer is fixed after the superconducting coil layer is disposed at a position where the magnetic flux lines do not penetrate the inside. In order to firmly fix the superconducting coil layer, a second spacer is fitted into the racetrack coil so as to cover the inner peripheral surface side of the straight portion of the racetrack type coil and the outer peripheral surface side of the straight portion. It is configured. For this reason, a coil can be reliably fixed to a desired location. As described above, since the superconducting coil layer can be efficiently cooled and firmly fixed so as to be disposed at a location not affected by the magnetic flux lines, a stator with improved electrical characteristics of the superconducting coil layer is provided. be able to.

  In the stator, it is preferable that the first spacers have a flat plate shape, and a plurality of the first spacers are arranged so as to come into contact with a plane extending in the winding direction of the racetrack coil.

  The racetrack coil is a coil of superconducting wire. For this reason, the area | region where the edge part of the width direction which cross | intersects the longitudinal direction of a superconducting wire gathered by winding forms one plane. This is referred to as the end plane of the racetrack coil. A racetrack coil formed by winding one superconducting wire is formed with a pair of end planes facing each other. Among the racetrack type coils stacked in a plurality, one end plane of one racetrack type coil and the other end plane of the other racetrack type coil facing the one end plane A flat plate-shaped first spacer is arranged so as to be sandwiched between them. The size of the main surface (the main surface having the largest area) of the first spacer is very small compared to the size of the end plane of the racetrack coil. For this reason, even if a plurality of first spacers are arranged so as to be in contact with the end plane, there are many areas on the end plane where the first spacer is not placed. For this reason, there are many regions through which the refrigerant flows in the region between the two racetrack coils and where a large number of the first spacers are arranged. Therefore, it is possible to cool the racetrack coil (superconducting coil layer) with high efficiency using the region while bringing the refrigerant into direct contact with the racetrack coil. That is, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the racetrack type coil (superconducting coil layer).

  In the stator, the second spacer includes a plurality of protrusions extending in a direction in which the racetrack coil is wound, and an inner peripheral surface side or an outer peripheral surface side is located in a region sandwiched between adjacent protrusions. It is preferable to be inserted so as to come into contact.

  The second spacer is a member for fixing the racetrack type coil from the outside. The projecting portion is inserted into a gap sandwiched between one racetrack type coil and another racetrack type coil that are stacked, and comes into contact with a part of the surface of the racetrack type coil. Fix the mold coil. For this reason, when the second spacer includes the protrusion, the superconducting coil layer of the stator can be firmly fixed.

  In addition, the position of the superconducting coil layer can be adjusted by adjusting the size such as the thickness of the second spacer so that the region where the superconducting coil layer is disposed is outside the region through which the magnetic flux lines penetrate. it can. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the racetrack coil.

  In the stator, the second spacer includes a first member including a plurality of protrusions, and a second member disposed so as to surround the outer peripheral portion of the first member. The first member and the second member are Preferably, the first component extends in the direction along the protruding portion, and the second component intersects with the first component and extends in the direction along the laminating direction of the racetrack coil.

  The first member including a plurality of projecting portions is a member existing on the inner side that is arranged to directly contact the racetrack coil. The second member is a member disposed so as to surround the first member from the outside. By using these two types of members to surround the racetrack coil (superconducting coil layer), the racetrack coil can be more firmly fixed.

  In the stator, the second spacer is made of FRP, and the fiber components of the plurality of FRPs constituting the first component and the second component extend in directions along each other on the surfaces of the first component and the second component. Preferably present.

  By using FRP as the material of the second spacer, the strength of the second spacer can be increased, and the second spacer can be more firmly fixed to the racetrack coil. Moreover, the intensity | strength of the material of the said FRP can be raised more by extending a fiber component on the surface in the direction along substantially the same direction. That is, it can be more firmly fixed to the racetrack coil.

  In the stator, a cooling medium flows through the gap, and the cooling medium is a racetrack type between the regions sandwiched between the adjacent second spacer and a pair of racetrack coils sandwiching the second spacer. It is preferable to circulate in the direction along the straight portion of the racetrack coil while alternately going back and forth between the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side of the coil.

  As described above, the first spacer is disposed in the region sandwiched between the one racetrack coil and the other racetrack coil, and the first spacer is not placed. The refrigerant flows through the region as a route. At this time, one side (the inner peripheral surface side of the racetrack type coil) and the other side facing the one side with respect to the linear portion connecting the regions where the plurality of first spacers are arranged. (The outer peripheral surface side of the racetrack type coil) and the refrigerant alternately. If it does in this way, it can control that temperature distribution and thermal-stress distribution generate | occur | produce in a race track type coil (superconducting coil layer), when a refrigerant | coolant distribute | circulates only to either one side. That is, by reducing the variation in temperature in the superconducting coil layer, the superconducting coil layer can be cooled more reliably and deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the superconducting coil layer can be suppressed.

  The stator preferably further includes a third spacer on the surface of the second spacer so as to straddle the adjacent superconducting coil bodies. Thus, if the superconducting coil bodies adjacent to each other or the second spacers are connected, the strength of the entire stator can be further increased. For this reason, it is possible to further increase the strength of fixing the racetrack coil.

  The rotor according to the present invention is a rotor having technical features and effects similar to those of the stator according to the present invention described above. In addition, for superconducting equipment such as a motor including the above-described stator and rotor, the characteristics of the current value of the racetrack coil can be improved because the stator and the rotor have the technical features and effects described above. it can. For this reason, effects such as increasing the output of the superconducting device can be achieved.

  Stator, rotor, and superconducting device including a stator and a rotor having a racetrack coil (superconducting coil layer) according to the present invention are firmly arranged at a position where deterioration of electrical characteristics can be suppressed. In addition, it has a configuration that can supply the refrigerant universally. Therefore, high electrical characteristics (power) can be stably supplied.

It is a schematic sectional drawing in the cross section which cross | intersects the axis | shaft which a rotor rotates of the superconducting motor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a region “II” in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a region “III” in FIG. 1. It is a schematic perspective view of the stator of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view of the rotor of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a region “VI” in FIG. 1. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the state which attached the 1st spacer and the 2nd spacer to the superconducting coil body. It is a schematic perspective view including the schematic sectional drawing in VIII-VIII of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the state which couple | bonded the several superconducting coil body using the 3rd spacer. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the racetrack type | mold coil and various spacer parts of the rotor and stator which concern on this Embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the specific aspect of the process (S10) of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the specific aspect of the process (S20) of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the specific aspect of the process (S30) of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the specific aspect of the process (S50) of FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process included in the process (S60) of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the specific aspect of the external appearance after performing the process (S61) and process (S62) of FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the specific aspect of the process (S61) of FIG. It is the schematic which drawn the simplification of the shape of the comb-shaped spacer, and described the arrangement | sequence of the fiber shape which comprises this. FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a specific aspect of line segment XIX-XIX in FIG. 16 after performing step (S61) and step (S62) in FIG. 15; It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the specific aspect of the process (S63) of FIG. FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a specific aspect of line segment XXI-XXI in FIG. 22 after performing step (S63) and step (S64) in FIG. 15. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the specific aspect of the external appearance after performing the process (S63) and process (S64) of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the aspect which a refrigerant | coolant distribute | circulates through a coil gap.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, elements having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated unless particularly necessary.
(Embodiment)
A superconducting motor 30 as a superconducting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The superconducting motor 30 includes a rotor 130 that is a rotor and a stator 120 that is a stator disposed around the rotor 130.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 130 passes through the outer periphery of the rotor core 113, and the racetrack type coil 10 that is stacked in a plurality (three in FIG. 1), the rotating shaft 118, the rotor shaft 116, Refrigerant 117. The number of laminated racetrack coils 10 is not necessarily three, and can be any number.

  The rotor shaft 116 is formed around the outer peripheral surface extending in the long axis direction of the rotating shaft 118. The outer surface of the rotor shaft 116 has an arc shape. The rotor core 113 extends radially from a central portion (region where the rotation shaft 118 is disposed) in a cross section intersecting the rotation shaft 118 of the rotor shaft 116 so as to protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft 116. The race track type coil 10 is disposed so as to surround the rotor core 113 and along the arcuate outer surface of the rotor shaft 116.

  The stator 120 around the rotor 130 passes through the outer periphery of the outermost stator core 123 arranged in the direction toward the rotating shaft 118 in the cross-sectional view of FIG. The three racetrack coils 10 are present in the same manner as the rotor 130. In addition, the stator 120 includes a stator yoke 21 and a refrigerant 127.

  The racetrack coil 10 is a member formed by winding a superconducting wire a predetermined number of times. Therefore, by laminating a plurality of racetrack coils 10, a layer (superconducting coil layer 20 in FIG. 7) in which superconducting coils are laminated is formed in the region. The racetrack coil 10 is preferably arranged so as to be in contact with the longitudinal direction of a region (a rotor core, a stator core, and a comb-like spacer described later) around which the racetrack coil 10 is wound. In this way, the space in which the racetrack coil 10 is arranged can be made highly efficient. That is, the sum of the area occupied by the racetrack coil 10 and the member around which it is wound can be reduced, and the space occupied by both can be reduced.

  The superconducting wire is a so-called oxide superconducting wire. Specifically, for example, a tape-like member (bismuth-based superconducting wire) in which a powder of an oxide superconductor such as bismuth is covered with a sheath portion such as silver may be sintered. Alternatively, a structure in which a sintered body obtained by sintering, for example, an yttrium-based oxide superconductor, which is a superconducting wire, into a thin film shape, a silver sputter layer, or the like, is laminated on a long-axis nickel-based substrate (thin film A superconducting wire). By using the oxide superconducting wire, it is possible to use the superconducting wire at a higher temperature than when using a metal superconducting wire, for example. For this reason, the facility for cooling the refrigerant for cooling the superconducting wire can be simplified, and the facility cost can be reduced.

  For example, in the stator 120, the superconducting coil layer on which the laminated racetrack type coil 10 is disposed exists in a region surrounded by an iron core member called a stator yoke 21 shown in FIG. The stator yoke 21 is a member arranged to connect adjacent stator cores 123, and the outer surface of the stator yoke 21 has an arc shape. Similarly, also in the rotor 130, the superconducting coil layer exists in a region surrounded by an iron core member called a rotor yoke 121 shown in FIG.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the racetrack coil 10 (superconducting coil layer) disposed in the stator 120 of the present embodiment has a first spacer between the laminated coils (coil gap 16). A plurality of frame-like spacers 19 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the direction in which the linear portion of the racetrack coil 10 extends (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2). That is, a plurality of the frame-shaped spacers 19 are provided in a coil gap 16 sandwiched between one racetrack type coil 10 and another racetrack type coil 10 laminated (arranged) on one end plane of the coil. Are arranged. In other words, a plurality of piece-like spacers 19 are arranged on one end plane of one racetrack type coil 10 with a certain interval in the direction in which the straight portion of the racetrack type coil 10 extends. Yes. Further, another racetrack coil 10 is laminated so as to straddle the main surface of the piece-like spacer 19.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the racetrack coil 10 (superconducting coil layer) disposed in the stator 120 of the present embodiment has a comb-like spacer whose inner peripheral surface is wound as a second spacer. 18 is covered. The racetrack coil 10 is covered with a comb-like spacer 17 as a second spacer on the outer peripheral surface to be wound. That is, the comb-like spacer 18 of the stator 120 is outside the region extending in the direction toward the rotation axis 118 in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 in the stator core 123 and in the direction from the stator 120 toward the rotation axis 118 of the rotor 130. It arrange | positions so that the stator yoke 21 extended radially may be contacted. The racetrack coil 10 of the stator 120 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the comb-like spacer 18. Further, a comb-like spacer 17 is disposed so as to cover the outer side of the wound racetrack coil 10.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, similarly, for the racetrack type coil 10 (superconducting coil layer) arranged in the rotor 130 of the present embodiment, a top spacer 19 as a first spacer is laminated. It is arranged in the coil gap 16 so as to be sandwiched between the racetrack type coils 10. Comb-like spacers 18 are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 113 so as to come into contact with the rotor yoke 121 that extends radially in the direction from the rotor 130 toward the stator 120. The racetrack coil 10 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the comb-like spacer 18. Further, a comb-like spacer 17 is disposed so as to cover the outer side of the wound racetrack coil 10. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are diagrams for explaining that the superconducting motor 30 is largely composed of a stator 120 and a rotor 130. In these figures, the top-like spacer 19 and the comb-like spacer 17, 18 is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the comb-shaped spacer 17 of the stator 120 and the rotor 130 includes a plurality of protrusions 170 extending in the direction in which the racetrack coil 10 is wound. Similarly, the comb-like spacer 18 includes a plurality of protrusions 180 extending in the direction in which the racetrack coil 10 is wound. More specifically, the protrusions 170 and 180 extend in the left-right direction in FIGS. 2 and 3, and this is a direction along the direction in which the superconducting wires of the wound racetrack coil 10 overlap. .

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the protrusion 180 of the comb-like spacer 18 includes one racetrack type coil 10 and another racetrack type coil laminated so as to face one end plane of the coil. 10 is arranged so as to enter (insert) a space of a region sandwiched between 10 (that is, a region where a plurality of the frame-shaped spacers 19 are disposed). Here, the width of the protrusion 180 in the vertical direction in FIG. 2 and the distance between the two stacked racetrack coils 10 (the thickness of the top spacer 19 in the direction in which the racetrack coils 10 are stacked) and Are substantially equal to each other, the projecting portion 180 is fitted and inserted into contact with each straight portion of the pair of racetrack coils 10 facing each other. The same applies to the protrusion 170 and the comb-shaped spacer 18 of the rotor 130.

  Since the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 are arranged so as to come into contact with and be inserted into the linear portion of the racetrack-type coil 10 in the interval between the racetrack-type coils 10 stacked in this way, the comb-like spacer 17 is arranged. , 18 can firmly fix the racetrack coil 10. Accordingly, the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 can suppress the racetrack coil 10 from being unstablely vibrated or moved around the outer periphery of the rotor core 113 or the stator core 123.

  In addition, in order to make the race track-type coil 10 fixed by the comb-shaped spacers 17 and 18 stronger, the comb-shaped spacers 17 and 18 are in contact with the entire straight portion of the race track-type coil 10. Preferably they are arranged. That is, it is preferable that the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 have a length equal to or longer than the linear portion in the longitudinal direction in which the linear portion of the racetrack coil 10 extends. In this way, the region where the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 are in contact with the race track type coil 10 (supporting the race track type coil 10) is widened. For this reason, the comb-shaped spacers 17 and 18 can be fixedly supported more reliably.

  Referring to FIG. 6, when a current is passed through the plurality of stacked racetrack coils 10, magnetic flux lines 111 indicated by arrows in FIG. 6 are formed by the magnetic field generated by the current. Usually, the formed magnetic flux line passes further outside with respect to the racetrack type coil 10, for example, through a region extending in a direction toward the rotating shaft 118 of the rotor core 113 or the stator core 123. However, some of the magnetic flux lines pass as a leakage magnetic flux through an inner route than the normal magnetic flux lines, and pass through a region very close to the region where the racetrack coil 10 is wound as shown in FIG. Then, the magnetic flux lines 111 penetrate through the inside of the racetrack type coil 10.

  At this time, in particular, the magnetic flux lines 111 are connected to the racetrack type coil 10 so as to intersect the main surfaces 110a, 110b, 110c of the superconducting wire forming each racetrack type coil 10 (for example, in a direction perpendicular to the main surface). If it penetrates, problems such as a decrease in the current value of the racetrack coil 10 (particularly the value of the critical current Ic) may occur. For this reason, it is preferable that the magnetic flux lines 111 pass so as not to penetrate the inside of the racetrack coil 10. In other words, it is preferable that the race track type coil 10 is disposed so as to avoid a region that can be a path of the magnetic flux lines 111.

  Here, by arranging the comb-like spacer 17 shown in FIG. 6, the distance between the magnetic flux line 111 and the racetrack coil 10 indicated by the long arrow in FIG. 6 is increased. That is, since the comb-like spacers 17 are interposed, the magnetic flux lines 111 are prevented from penetrating the race track coil 10. That is, by using the comb-like spacer 17, the racetrack coil 10 can be firmly fixed and disposed at a position where the magnetic flux lines 111 do not pass. Therefore, it is possible to more stably suppress the deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the racetrack type coil 10.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the inclination angles of the main surfaces 110a, 110b, 110c of the superconducting wires of the laminated racetrack coils 10 are different. This is because the main surface is in a direction along the direction in which the magnetic flux lines 111 pass in the vicinity of the region where each racetrack coil 10 is disposed. In this way, even if the magnetic flux line 111 passes through the inside of the racetrack type coil 10, it penetrates in the direction along the main surface of the superconducting wire. For this reason, it is possible to suppress deterioration of electrical characteristics in the racetrack coil 10.

  Further, referring to FIGS. 2, 3, and 6 to 8, the member as the second spacer includes the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 as the first member and the comb-like spacers 17 and 18. It is preferable to further include outer spacers 27 and 28 as second members arranged so as to surround further from the outside.

  The comb-like spacer 18 is disposed so as to surround the inner peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil 10 and the rotor 130 side (lower side in FIG. 6). Thus, by supporting the racetrack type coil 10 from two directions crossing each other, the racetrack type coil 10 can be fixed more firmly. Similarly, the comb-like spacer 17 is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil 10 and the stator 120 side (upper side in FIG. 6). Similarly to the comb-like spacer 18, the comb-like spacer 17 can support the racetrack-type coil 10 from two directions, thereby fixing the racetrack-type coil 10 more firmly.

  On the other hand, the outer spacer 27 is disposed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil 10 and the rotor 130 side (lower side in FIG. 6). The outer spacer 28 is arranged so as to surround the inner peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil 10 and the stator 120 side (upper side in FIG. 6). Thus, when viewed in a cross section intersecting the straight portion of the racetrack coil 10, the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 and the outer spacers 27 and 28 are not overlapped so as to be in the same arrangement. , Are arranged so as to be staggered. Thus, by overlapping the first member and the second member constituting the second spacer, the effect of the second spacer fixing the race track type coil 10 at a predetermined position is further strengthened. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the racetrack type coil 10 and ensure the output of high power in the superconducting motor 30. The second member (outer spacers 27 and 28) surrounds the first member. For this reason, the outer spacers 27 and 28 can also function as wall portions (flow channel walls) of the flow channel through which the refrigerant 117 flows. That is, the outer spacers 27 and 28 can function as a container for the refrigerant 117.

  In contrast to the above description and the mode shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example, one of the pair of first members (comb-like spacers) is the inner peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil and the stator 120 side. (The upper side in FIG. 6), and the other may be arranged on the outer peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil and the rotor 130 side (the lower side in FIG. 6). Also in this case, in order to superimpose the first member and the second member in a staggered manner, one of the pair of second members (outer spacers) is the inner peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil and the rotor 130 most. Preferably, the other is disposed on the outer peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil and the stator 120 side (upper side in FIG. 6).

  In addition, with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 6 to 8, a frame-shaped spacer 19 is disposed so as to fill a partial region of the coil gap 16. That is, the area of the main surface of the frame-shaped spacer 19 (the surface facing the end plane of the racetrack coil 10) is preferably smaller than the area of the coil gap 16 in the direction along the end plane. A plurality of the frame-shaped spacers 19 are arranged while maintaining a certain distance with respect to the direction in which the linear portion of the racetrack coil 10 extends, and the direction in which the racetrack coil 10 is wound (FIG. 6). It is preferable that it is arrange | positioned near the center regarding (right-and-left direction).

  In this way, the space of the coil gap 16 where the frame-shaped spacer 19 is not disposed serves as a passage through which the cooling medium 117 that cools the racetrack coil 10 to function as a superconducting coil. The refrigerant 117 is, for example, liquid nitrogen, and preferably circulates in a direction along the direction in which the linear portion of the racetrack coil 10 extends. In FIG. 1, the refrigerant 117 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the racetrack coil 10. This is to make the drawing easier to see. In practice, in the present embodiment, the refrigerant 117 partially passes through the region shown in FIG. 1, but mainly circulates through the coil gap 16 of the laminated racetrack coil 10.

  Further, with respect to the direction in which the coil gap 16 extends and the direction intersecting the direction in which the linear portion of the racetrack coil 10 extends, there is a gap area where the coil gap 16 is not disposed on both sides (left and right sides) of the frame spacer 19. Therefore, the refrigerant 117 can be circulated uniformly in the region. In other words, it suppresses the deviation of the cooling mode of the racetrack type coil 10 due to the refrigerant 117 being distributed in a specific region, the generation of thermal stress associated therewith, and the damage to the racetrack type coil 10 due to the thermal stress. be able to.

  As described above, the refrigerant 117 is circulated in the coil gap 16 except for the area where the frame spacer 19 is disposed. For this reason, it is preferable that the area of the main surface of the top spacer 19 is small. In this way, the area in the coil gap 16 where the refrigerant 117 can flow is widened. For this reason, the cooling efficiency of the racetrack coil 10 can be further increased.

  As described above, since the refrigerant 117 can cool the racetrack coil 10 uniformly and with high efficiency, the deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the racetrack coil 10 is suppressed, and the high electrical characteristics of the racetrack coil 10 are improved. Can be secured.

  Further, referring to FIGS. 6 and 9, flat spacer 37 as a third spacer is arranged on the main surface of outer spacer 28 on the side of stator 120. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, this has a function of connecting the outer spacers 28 of adjacent superconducting coil layers 20 (race track type coils 10). If the adjacent superconducting coil layers 20 (race track type coils 10) are connected to each other in this way, the strength of the entire stator can be further increased. For this reason, it is possible to further increase the strength of fixing the racetrack coil.

  The first spacer, the second spacer, and the third spacer described above are preferably formed using FRP (fiber reinforced plastic). For example, the first spacer (the frame-shaped spacer 19) is bonded to at least one of the two end surfaces of the two racetrack type coils 10 sandwiching the first spacer, thereby stacking the two racetrack types. It is preferably arranged between the coils 10. By using FRP for various spacers, the strength of the spacers can be further increased. That is, the spacer can support the racetrack coil 10 more firmly.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the above-described stator track 120 and rotor 130, particularly the racetrack coil 10 and various spacer portions described above, will be described. In the following, a manufacturing method in the case where three racetrack coils 10 are stacked will be described. For example, even when four or more racetrack coils 10 are stacked, the same process can be repeated.

  As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, as a manufacturing method of the racetrack type coil 10 and various spacer portions, first, a step (S10) of preparing a first stage coil is performed. Specifically, this is a step in which the lowermost racetrack coil 10 is prepared among the racetrack coils 10 stacked in a plurality (three) shown in FIGS.

  The above-described bismuth-based superconducting wire or thin film superconducting wire is wound into a racetrack coil as shown in FIG. Specifically, for example, the superconducting wire is wound on a cylindrical surface of a pedestal having a cylindrical surface along a winding frame arranged in a racetrack shape. Here, the coil wound in a racetrack shape is curved in the vertical direction in FIG. 11 in a part of the region (particularly in a part of the curved part (coil end part) crossing the longitudinal direction of the coil). A pedestal may be prepared so as to be a saddle-shaped racetrack-type coil having a superconducting wire.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a step of attaching the first spacer (S20) is performed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, the direction in which the linear portion of the racetrack coil 10 extends on one end plane of the racetrack coil 10 prepared in the step (S10) ( This is a step in which a plurality of top spacers 19 as first spacers are arranged at regular intervals with respect to the longitudinal direction). In this way, the top spacer 19 and the racetrack coil 10 are in contact with each other.

  As described above, it is preferable that the surface area of the top spacer 19 to be bonded to the end surface of the racetrack coil 10 is small. Moreover, it is preferable that the frame-shaped spacer 19 formed using FRP and the racetrack coil 10 are bonded using an epoxy adhesive.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a step (S30) of attaching the second stage coil is performed. Specifically, this is a step in which the racetrack type coil 10 formed by the same procedure as in the step (S10) is further arranged on the frame spacer 19 arranged in the step (S20).

  The racetrack type coil 10 as the second stage coil may be the same coil as the racetrack type coil 10 as the first stage coil. However, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the inclination angles of the main surfaces of the superconducting wires constituting the first stage coil and the second stage coil may be different. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the second stage coil disposed on the upper stage (stator 120 side) is more racetrack than the first stage coil disposed on the lower stage (rotor 130 side). It is preferable that the angle formed with the axis at the center of the hollow portion of the coil 10 is large.

  The racetrack type coil 10 as the second stage coil to be attached in the step (S30) has a racetrack as the first stage coil whose end plane is prepared as the first stage coil in the step (S10). It is preferably attached so as to overlap with the end plane of the mold coil 10. Specifically, on the surface of the top spacer 19 arranged in the step (S20) facing the surface bonded to the end plane of the racetrack coil 10 as the first stage coil, the step ( In the same manner as in S20), an epoxy adhesive is applied to bond the racetrack coil 10 as the second stage coil.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a step of attaching the first spacer (S40) is performed. Specifically, in the structure formed in the step (S30) in which the racetrack type coils 10 are stacked in two stages, the process is performed on the outer end plane of one racetrack type coil 10. In the same manner as (S20), the first spacer (the frame spacer 19) is bonded and fixed. This may be mounted on either end plane of the first stage coil or the second stage coil of the racetrack coil 10. However, when the inclination angles of the main surfaces of the first-stage coil and the second-stage coil are different, the first-stage coil side and It is preferable to decide which side of the second stage coil side is to be attached with the third stage coil, and attach the coma spacer 19 on the end plane of the coil on the side where the third stage coil is attached.

  Further, if the step (S50) of attaching the third stage coil is performed in the same procedure as the step (S30), the racetrack type coils 10 are stacked in three stages as shown in FIG. A superconducting coil layer 20 on which the frame-like spacers 19 are arranged so as to be sandwiched between the mold coils 10 is formed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a step of attaching a second spacer (S60) is performed. Specifically, this is a step of attaching comb-like spacers 17 and 18 and outer spacers 27 and 28 as second spacers to the superconducting coil layer 20 shown in FIG.

  As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 15, the step (S60) includes a step (S61) of attaching the first member to the inner peripheral side, a step of attaching the first member to the outer peripheral side (S62), and a second member on the outer peripheral side. The process (S63) which attaches, and the process (S64) of attaching a 2nd member to an inner peripheral side are comprised.

  First, a step of attaching the first member to the inner peripheral side (S61) is performed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16, the above-described comb-like spacer 18 as the first member is attached so as to cover the inner peripheral side of the racetrack type coil 10, that is, the hollow portion side of the coil. It is a process.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the comb-like spacers 18 are arranged so as to come into contact with at least a part of the overlapping linear portions of the three racetrack-type coils 10 stacked from the inner peripheral side of the racetrack-type coil 10. Is done. However, it is more preferable that the comb-like spacer 18 has a structure that can be contacted along the entire straight portion of the racetrack coil 10. That is, it is more preferable that the length of the straight portion (the portion along the straight portion of the racetrack type coil 10) of the comb-like spacer 18 is equal to or longer than the length of the straight portion of the racetrack type coil 10. Thus, the longer the length of the straight portion of the comb-like spacer 18 is, the larger the contact area with the racetrack coil 10 is. That is, the racetrack type coil 10 can be more firmly fixed to a predetermined location. The same applies to the comb-like spacer 17 described later. As a result, the comb-like spacers 18 are disposed so as to be in contact with each other between the straight portions of the two racetrack coils 10 in which the protrusions 180 are laminated to each other so as to be in the cross-sectional state shown in FIG. . In FIG. 17 and FIGS. 19 to 21 to be described later, an intermediate region between the left and right racetrack coils 10 is a region where the hollow portion of each racetrack coil 10, that is, the rotor core 113 is arranged. is there.

  As described above, the comb-shaped spacer 18 intersects the two components intersecting each other (the first component extending along the direction in which the projecting portions 170 and 180 extend, and the first component). A second component extending in a direction along the lamination direction of the mold coil 10. For this reason, the first component and the second component have a generally hinge-like shape. Thus, referring to FIG. 18 schematically showing that the comb-like spacer 18 has a shape having two components intersecting each other, the FRP is formed on the surfaces of the first component and the second component. It is preferable that the plurality of fiber components 24 extend so as to extend along substantially the same direction as each other (for example, substantially parallel). In this way, the strength of the spacer can be further increased. The same applies to the comb-like spacer 17 described later.

  Here, a manufacturing method of the comb-like spacer 18 and the comb-like spacer 17 will be described. A plurality of fiber components 24 (for example, glass fibers) constituting FRP as a material of the comb-like spacer are formed so as to be substantially parallel to each other on the main surfaces of the first component and the second component. . For this purpose, specifically, the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 are preferably formed by press molding (cold press). That is, a mold for forming a comb-shaped spacer having a desired shape is prepared, and molding is performed by introducing a mixture of FRP and resin into the mold. Here, it is preferable to use, for example, an epoxy resin as the resin put into the mold simultaneously with the FRP. The resin is cured by allowing it to stand for 1 hour to 24 hours at a low temperature of, for example, 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. in a state where FRP and resin are put into the mold. The comb-shaped spacers 17 and 18 having a desired shape can be formed by the above procedure. The reason why the resin is cured by storing for a long time at a low temperature is to suppress the occurrence of distortion due to thermal stress in the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 formed by rapid heating or rapid cooling.

  Next, a step of attaching the first member to the outer peripheral side (S62) is performed. This is a step in which the above-described comb-like spacer 17 as the first member is attached so as to cover the outer peripheral side of the racetrack coil 10 with respect to the state in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, when the comb-shaped spacer 18 covers the inner peripheral side and the lower side (the rotor 130 side) of the racetrack coil 10, the comb-shaped spacer 17 is connected to the outer peripheral side of the racetrack coil 10. Covers the upper side (stator 120 side). In a region sandwiched between the two racetrack coils 10 laminated in this manner, a space composed of the coil gap 16 and the frame-shaped spacer 19 is formed. Note that the order of performing the step (S61) and the step (S62) may be reversed. By carrying out the step (S61) and the step (S62), the comb-like spacers 17 and 18 are attached so that the appearance is as shown in FIG.

  Next, referring to FIG. 15, the step of attaching the second member to the outer peripheral side (S63) and the step of attaching the second member to the inner peripheral side (S64) are performed. Specifically, referring to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 20, for example, the step (S63) covers the outer peripheral side and the lower side (rotor 130 side) of the racetrack coil 10 with respect to the state in FIG. 19. In this step, the outer spacer 27 is attached. Specifically, in step (S64), referring to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 21, for example, with respect to the state in FIG. 20, the inner periphery side and upper side (stator 120 side) of racetrack coil 10 are covered. In this step, the outer spacer 28 is attached. When both these steps are performed, the superconducting coil layer 20 having the appearance shown in FIG. 22 is formed. As described above, the outer spacer 27 and the outer spacer 28 have a function as a flow path wall of the refrigerant when the refrigerant flows through the coil gap 16 of the racetrack coil 10. Depending on the structure and size of the outer spacers 27, 28, the shape and size of the cross section of the coil gap 16, that is, the flow path of the refrigerant that intersects the direction in which the refrigerant flows are determined. Therefore, depending on the structure and size of the outer spacers 27 and 28, it is possible to secure an area as the flow path so that the cross section of the flow path of the refrigerant has a desired size.

  Note that the order of performing the step (S63) and the step (S64) may be reversed. After this, a superconducting device such as the superconducting motor 30 is formed by attaching a third spacer (flat plate spacer 37) or incorporating it into the stator 120 or the rotor 130.

  In the stator 120, the rotor 130, and the superconducting motor 30 each having the formed superconducting coil layer 20, a refrigerant 117 (refrigerant 127) such as liquid nitrogen is passed through the coil gap 16 sandwiched between the racetrack coils 10 stacked. Circulate. At this time, as shown in FIG. 23, the coil gap 16 is formed in a zigzag manner using each of the plurality of piece-like spacers 19 arranged at a certain distance with respect to the extending direction of the linear portion of the racetrack coil 10. It is preferable that the refrigerant flows so as to sew. That is, the refrigerant that flows in the extending direction of the straight portion of the racetrack coil 10 flows to the right of the first frame-shaped spacer 19 when viewed in the direction in which the refrigerant flows. And when it passes over the first piece-like spacer 19, it circulates on the left side when it sees in the direction through which a refrigerant circulates. In addition, when the next piece-like spacer 19 is exceeded, the right side as viewed in the direction in which the refrigerant flows is circulated. Hereinafter, it is preferable to circulate through the flow path 112 that alternately goes back and forth between the right side and the left side (that is, the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side) of the top spacer 19 by repeating this.

  In this way, the refrigerant flows through both the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side without being biased to either the inner peripheral surface side or the outer peripheral surface side of the racetrack coil 10. Therefore, the cooling efficiency of the racetrack coil 10 can be further increased, and the electrical characteristics of the racetrack coil 10 can be maintained in a good state.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above-described embodiment but by the scope of claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is particularly excellent as a technique for providing a stator, a rotor, and a superconducting device with improved electrical characteristics of a superconducting coil.

  10 race track type coil, 16 coil gap, 17, 18 comb-shaped spacer, 19 frame spacer, 20 superconducting coil layer, 21 stator yoke, 24 fiber component, 27, 28 outer spacer, 30 superconducting motor, 37 flat spacer, 110a, 110b, 110c Main surface, 111 magnetic flux lines, 112 flow path, 113 rotor core, 116 rotor shaft, 117, 127 refrigerant, 118 rotating shaft, 120 stator, 121 rotor yoke, 123 stator core, 130 rotor, 170, 180 protrusion.

Claims (13)

A superconducting coil layer in which a plurality of racetrack coils are laminated;
A first spacer disposed so as to be sandwiched between gaps between the racetrack type coils facing each other in the laminating direction of the racetrack type coils;
A second spacer disposed so as to cover the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side by inserting and inserting the inner peripheral surface side of the linear portion of the racetrack coil and the outer peripheral surface side of the linear portion; A stator using a superconducting coil body ,
The stator further comprising a third spacer on a surface of the second spacer so as to straddle the adjacent superconducting coil bodies .   2. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the first spacer has a flat plate shape, and a plurality of the first spacers are arranged so as to contact a plane extending in a winding direction of the racetrack coil. The second spacer includes a plurality of protrusions extending in a direction in which the racetrack coil is wound,
The stator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stator is fitted and inserted so that the inner peripheral surface side or the outer peripheral surface side is in contact with a region sandwiched between the adjacent projecting portions.   The second spacer includes a first member including a plurality of the protruding portions and a second member disposed so as to surround an outer peripheral portion of the first member, and the first member and the second member Has a first component extending in a direction along the protrusion, and a second component intersecting the first component and extending in a direction along the laminating direction of the racetrack coil. Item 4. The stator according to Item 3. The second spacer is made of FRP,
The fiber components of the plurality of FRPs constituting the first component and the second component extend in directions along each other on the surfaces of the first component and the second component. Stator. A cooling medium circulates through the gap, and the cooling medium passes between the region between the adjacent second spacer and a pair of the racetrack coils sandwiching the second spacer. while traversing to the inner peripheral surface of the mold coil and said outer peripheral surface alternately flows in the direction along the linear portion of the racetrack coil, according to any one of claims 1 to 5 Stator. A superconducting coil layer in which a plurality of racetrack coils are laminated;
A first spacer disposed so as to be sandwiched between gaps between the racetrack type coils facing each other in the laminating direction of the racetrack type coils;
A second spacer disposed so as to cover the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side by inserting and inserting the inner peripheral surface side of the linear portion of the racetrack coil and the outer peripheral surface side of the linear portion; A rotor using a superconducting coil body ,
The rotor further comprising a third spacer on the surface of the second spacer so as to straddle the adjacent superconducting coil bodies . 8. The rotor according to claim 7 , wherein the first spacer has a flat plate shape, and a plurality of the first spacers are arranged so as to come into contact with a plane extending in a winding direction of the racetrack coil. The second spacer includes a plurality of protrusions extending in a direction in which the racetrack coil is wound,
The rotor according to claim 7 or 8 , wherein the rotor is fitted and inserted so that the inner peripheral surface side or the outer peripheral surface side is in contact with a region sandwiched between the adjacent projecting portions. The second spacer includes a first member including a plurality of the protruding portions and a second member disposed so as to surround an outer peripheral portion of the first member, and the first member and the second member Has a first component extending in a direction along the protrusion, and a second component intersecting the first component and extending in a direction along the laminating direction of the racetrack coil. Item 10. The rotor according to Item 9 . The second spacer is made of FRP,
FRP fiber component of the plurality of constituting the first component and the second component extending in a direction along each other in the first component and the second component on a surface, according to claim 10 Rotor. A cooling medium circulates through the gap, and the cooling medium passes between the region between the adjacent second spacer and a pair of the racetrack coils sandwiching the second spacer. The rotor according to any one of claims 7 to 11 , wherein the rotor circulates in a direction along a straight portion of the racetrack coil while alternately moving between an inner peripheral surface side and an outer peripheral surface side of the mold coil. . A superconducting device comprising the stator according to claim 1 and the rotor according to claim 7 .

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