JP5433212B2 - Hot water system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water supply system configured to be able to supply hot water from a hot water storage tank to a hot water supply load, and more particularly, to a hot water supply system including a plurality of heat source units.

  The hot water supply system is configured to store hot water heated by a heat source device in a hot water storage tank and supply hot water from the hot water storage tank to a hot water supply load. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are heat source machines that use a hot water boiler that uses gas or the like as a heat source and those that use a heat pump water heater that heats water by exchanging heat with condensation heat from a condenser of a heat pump circuit.

  The heat pump water heater uses cheap electricity at night to store hot water in the hot water storage tank during the time when it is in a low hot water supply load state where the amount of hot water consumption is low at night. Generally used for hot water supply such as showers.

  However, since the heating capacity of the heat pump water heater is determined assuming a low hot water supply load at night, it is only necessary to heat to a predetermined temperature for the purpose of hot water storage, and the heating capacity in a short time is very low. Therefore, when the hot water in the hot water storage tank is consumed at the time of high hot water supply load, the hot water supply capacity may be insufficient. In addition, while heat is stored at night, hot water is used in the daytime and evening of the following day, so the usage time is greatly shifted, heat dissipation from the hot water storage tank increases, and heat stored with high efficiency is dissipated with great effort. The problem arises.

  As a method of making up for the lack of heating capacity of such a heat pump water heater and ensuring the required hot water supply capacity of the heat pump water heater, the present applicant has conventionally disclosed a hot water supply system using both a heat pump water heater and a hot water boiler ( See Patent Document 1 below). Hereinafter, the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of the hot water supply system disclosed in Patent Document 1. A hot water supply system 100 shown in FIG. 7 includes a hot water storage tank 1, a heat pump water heater 2, a hot water boiler 3, a hot water supply load 4, and a water supply source 5.

From the water supply source 5, low temperature water can be supplied from the water inlet / outlet 31 to the hot water storage tank 1 via the valve 11 and the three-way joint 41. Furthermore, low temperature water can be supplied from the water supply source 5 to the heat pump water heater 2 through the valve 11, the three-way joint 41, the valve 12, the circulation pump 13, and the valve 14. The heat pump water heater 2 is constituted by a CO ₂ heat pump adopting, for example, CO ₂ as a refrigerant of the heat pump circuit, and heat treatment is performed by exchanging heat with the condensed heat from the condenser for the supplied low temperature water (or hot water). The heated and heated water is supplied from the water inlet 33 to the hot water storage tank 1 through the check valve 15, the three-way joint 42 and the valve 16. The water inlet 33 is formed above the water inlet / outlet 31 in the hot water storage tank 1.

  The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 is configured to be supplied to the hot water boiler 3 from the water outlet 32 via the check valve 17, the circulation pump 24, and the valve 18. The hot water boiler 3 is composed of, for example, a gas-fired vacuum hot water machine, provided with a furnace that heats the heat transfer water with a flame of a gas burner at the lower part of the can body, and U-shaped transmission into the decompressed air at the upper part of the can body. A heat pipe is provided, and the heat transfer water sealed in the lower part of the can body is heated by a flame of a gas burner, and the water flowing in the heat transfer pipe is heated by heating the heat transfer pipe in the decompressed air at the upper part. The hot water boiler 3 heats the supplied hot water by the boiler, and then supplies the hot water from the water inlet 33 to the hot water storage tank 1 through the valve 19, the three-way joint 42, and the valve 16. That is, hot water obtained from the water outlet 32 of the hot water storage tank 1 is supplied to the hot water boiler 3 via the circulation pump 24, heated by the hot water boiler 3, and then resupplied from the water inlet 33 to the hot water storage tank 1. Circuit circuit (hereinafter referred to as “first circulation circuit C1”).

  Furthermore, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 is supplied to the heat pump water heater 2 through the three-way joint 41, the valve 12, the circulation pump 13, and the valve 14 from the water inlet / outlet 31 and is configured to be reheatable. The hot water heated by the heat pump water heater 2 is supplied from the water inlet 33 to the hot water storage tank 1 and stored as described above. That is, hot water obtained from the inlet / outlet 31 of the hot water storage tank 1 is supplied to the heat pump water heater 2 through the circulation pump 13, heated by the heat pump hot water heater 2, and then returned to the hot water storage tank 1 from the inlet 33. A circulation circuit to be supplied (hereinafter referred to as “second circulation circuit C2”) is configured. FIG. 8 shows a path diagram of the first circulation circuit C1 and the second circulation circuit C2. In FIG. 8, illustration of some components such as valves and joints is omitted.

  Further, in the second circulation circuit C2, the hot water taken out from the inlet / outlet 31 by operating the pump 13 is all sent to the heat pump water heater 2 side.

  Returning again to FIG. 7, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 is supplied from the water outlet 34 of the hot water storage tank 1 to the hot water supply load 4 via the valve 21. The hot water supply load 4 is composed of a currant, a shower, a bathtub, or the like, for example. Since water has a property of moving upward as the temperature increases, so-called convection, hot water having a high temperature is stored in the upper region of the hot water storage tank 1. Therefore, hot hot water can be supplied to the hot water supply load 4 from the water outlet 34 provided in the upper region of the hot water storage tank 1. A part of the hot water is circulated from the water inlet 35 to the hot water storage tank 1 through the circulation pump 23 and the valve 22 in order to prevent a decrease in the temperature of the hot water due to heat radiation in the pipe.

  Further, the hot water storage tank 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 51 for detecting the temperature of hot water stored in the upper part of the tank and a temperature sensor 52 for detecting the temperature of hot water stored in the lower part of the tank. As described above, the low temperature water supplied from the water supply source 5 flows into the tank 1 from the inlet / outlet 31 attached to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1, and the hot water heated by the heat pump water heater 2 or the hot water boiler 3 is stored in the hot water. It is configured to flow into the tank 1 from a water inlet 33 attached to the upper part of the tank 1. For this reason, the temperature sensor 51 attached to the upper part of the tank detects a higher temperature than the temperature sensor 52 attached to the lower part of the tank.

  The hot water boiler 3 and the circulation pump 24 are controlled based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 51, while the heat pump water heater 2 and the circulation pump 13 are controlled based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 52. More specifically, for example, if the temperature information given from the temperature sensor 51 is 60 ° C. or higher, the hot water boiler 3 and the circulation pump 24 are stopped, while if it is 55 ° C. or lower, the hot water boiler 3 and the circulation pump 24 are operated. . Further, for example, if the temperature information given from the temperature sensor 52 is 60 ° C. or higher, the heat pump water heater 2 and the circulation pump 13 are stopped. If the temperature information is 50 ° C. or lower, the heat pump water heater 2 and the circulation pump 13 are operated.

  As described above, since the temperature of the temperature sensor 51 is detected higher than that of the temperature sensor 52, when the low temperature water is supplied from the water supply source 5 into the hot water storage tank 1 and the temperature in the tank starts to decrease, The sensor 52 first detects 50 ° C. or less, whereby the heat pump water heater 2 is operated earlier than the hot water boiler 3. On the other hand, when the temperature in the tank begins to rise due to the supply of heated hot water, the temperature sensor 51 first detects 60 ° C. or higher, whereby the hot water boiler 3 is ahead of the heat pump water heater 2. To be stopped. Thus, by setting it as the structure of FIG. 7, the control which operates the heat pump water heater 2 preferentially rather than the hot water boiler 3 will be performed. As described above, since the heat pump water heater 2 is configured to achieve higher efficiency by itself than the hot water boiler 3, the operating efficiency of the high efficiency heat pump water heater 2 is improved, so that the efficiency of the entire system is increased. Can be realized.

JP 2007-170770 A

  As described above, with the configuration as shown in FIG. 7, when a temperature drop is detected by the temperature sensor 52 installed in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1, the highly efficient heat pump water heater 2 is preferentially operated. To do.

  However, a heat pump water heater generally has a property that a COP (Coefficient Of Performance) value decreases as the outside air temperature at the installation location decreases. Furthermore, the heat pump water heater has a property that the COP value decreases as the incoming water temperature increases. For this reason, when the operation control of the heat pump water heater 2 is performed only by the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 as in the above-described conventional configuration, the system as a whole is operated with low energy efficiency depending on the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature. It is also assumed that

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a hot water supply system that can realize higher efficiency or higher merit than a conventional configuration in a hot water supply system having a plurality of heat source units.

The hot water supply system according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises a hot water storage tank for storing hot water and supplying the hot water stored in the hot water supply load, and heating the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank. A first heat source unit to be supplied to the hot water storage tank and a structure for heating hot water or low temperature water based on a principle different from that of the first heat source unit, and at least the incoming temperature of the supplied hot water or low temperature water and the outside air temperature at the installation location A first heat source device whose operating efficiency changes depending on the temperature , a control unit that controls the start and stop of the second heat source device, and a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of hot water or low-temperature water that passes through the first heat source device . An opening, a second opening into which low-temperature water supplied from a water supply source flows, a third opening from which hot water or low-temperature water supplied to the second heat source machine flows out, and low-temperature water supplied to the hot water storage tank Leaks Wherein the fourth opening hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank flows, a cross joint with, be provided with the second heat source unit, after heating the supplied hot water or cold water with the hot water storage and supplied to the tank der Rutotomoni, which entering-water temperature is lowered the operating efficiency enough to rise, the control unit, hot or cold water supplied to the second heat source unit from the temperature sensor the incoming water temperature information is given regarding to a configuration in which information about the outside air temperature of the installation area of the second heat source unit is provided, the entering water temperature and the second heat source unit on the basis of the outside air temperature as well as calculate the state index for evaluating the operating condition, which is compared with the condition index target index predetermined controls the operation of the second heat source unit in accordance with the comparison result When the incoming water temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature and the state index exceeds the target index, control is performed to operate the second heat source unit, and the incoming water temperature is set to the first temperature. When at least one of the second temperature higher than the temperature and the state index falls below the target index, control is performed to stop the second heat source unit. And

Since the second heat source machine has a configuration in which the operation efficiency changes according to the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature at the installation location, for example, when the operation control is performed only at the temperature indicated by the temperature sensor provided in the tank, the outside air temperature Depending on the incoming water temperature that is actually supplied to the second heat source machine, it may be assumed that the entire system is operating with low energy efficiency or low merit (cost, CO ₂ emission amount, etc.). In such a case, the efficiency and merit of the entire system is higher when the heat pump water heater is stopped first and the operation state is controlled so that only the hot water boiler is operating.

  As described above, since there are two factors, the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature, as factors that reduce the operating efficiency of the second heat source machine, when the operation control is performed only with the outside air temperature or only the incoming water temperature, It is said that the operation of the second heat source machine is stopped in an efficient or highly meritable scene, and conversely, the operation of the second heat source machine is continued in an efficient or highly meritable scene. There is a possibility of control. And since two elements relate to each other and influence each other in this way, even if the operation control of the second heat source machine is performed simply by comparing the outside air temperature or the incoming water temperature with a predetermined temperature, the efficiency It is also assumed that efficient driving cannot be expected.

  Therefore, as in the present invention, the operation unit calculates a state index for evaluating the operation state based on the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature, compares a predetermined target index, and controls the operation according to the comparison result. With the configuration of performing the above, it is possible for the control unit to determine whether or not the operating environment can achieve high efficiency or high merit. If it is determined that high efficiency or high merit can be realized, the second heat source machine is operated. On the other hand, if it is determined that this cannot be realized, control is performed so that the second heat source machine is not operated (stopped). be able to. By this, even when the efficiency and merit are reduced by operating the second heat source machine, the state where the heat source machine is operated is avoided, and high efficiency and high merit are realized as the entire system. Can do.

  At this time, as an example of a more detailed configuration, in addition to the above configuration, hot water obtained from a water outlet provided in the lower part of the hot water storage tank is added to the upper part of the hot water storage tank through the first heat source unit. The first circulation circuit re-supplied to the hot water storage tank from the provided water inlet and the hot water obtained from the inlet / outlet water provided at the lower part of the hot water tank are directly or further through the second heat source machine. The second circulation circuit re-supplied from the water inlet to the hot water storage tank via the first heat source unit and the low-temperature water supplied from the water supply source are branched at a branch point on the second circulation circuit. And a water supply circuit that is supplied to the entry water outlet and the second heat source machine. In this case, the control unit is configured such that the low-temperature water flowing through the water supply circuit or the hot water flowing through the pipe line between the branch point and the second heat source unit in the second circulation circuit. The temperature is given as information on the incoming water temperature.

Moreover, as a hot water supply system according to the present invention for achieving the above object, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water and supplying the hot water stored in the hot water supply load, a hot water storage tank for storing the hot water, and the hot water stored in the hot water storage supplied to the tank, the cushion tank low temperature water Ru is supplied from the water supply source, after heating the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank, and again the first heat source unit for supplying to said hot water storage tank, a first heat source unit Is a configuration for heating hot water based on different principles, and a second heat source machine whose operation efficiency changes depending on at least the incoming temperature of the supplied hot water and the outside air temperature of the installation location, and the start and stop of the second heat source machine a control unit for controlling, it includes a temperature sensor provided in the cushion tank, the second heat source unit, after heating the supplied hot water, be supplied to the cushion tank Configuration der Rutotomoni, which entering-water temperature is lowered the operating efficiency enough to rise, the control unit, information relating to the incoming water temperature of the hot water supplied from the temperature sensor to the second heat source unit given, the second a structure in which information relating to outside air temperature of the installation area of the heat source apparatus is provided, the entering water temperature and on the basis of the outside air temperature to evaluate the operating state of the second heat source unit A state index is calculated, a predetermined target index is compared with the state index, and the operation control of the second heat source machine is performed according to the comparison result . If the temperature is equal to or lower than the temperature index and the state index is higher than the target index, control is performed to operate the second heat source unit, and the incoming water temperature is equal to or higher than the second temperature higher than the first temperature. Or When at least either the condition index is below the target index is applicable, it may be configured to perform a control of stopping the second heat source unit. Even in this case, the same effect as the hot water supply system having the above characteristics can be obtained.

  In addition to the above features, in the hot water supply system according to the present invention, the control unit stores therein a state index calculation database in which the state index is determined according to a combination of the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature. When the information about the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature is given, the condition index corresponding to the combination closest to the combination of both given information may be calculated from the condition index calculation database.

  In addition to the above features, the hot water supply system according to the present invention is configured such that the control unit can set one operation mode selected from a plurality of different operation modes, and according to the set operation mode. The target index to be determined and the state index may be compared.

Further, in the hot water supply system according to the present invention, in addition to the above features, the first heat source device is a combustion type water heater, and the second heat source device exchanges heat with the condensed heat from the condenser of the heat pump circuit. It may be a heat pump type hot water heater.

  Further, in the hot water supply system according to the present invention, in addition to the above characteristics, the state index and the target index may be represented by a COP value indicating a coefficient of performance of the heat pump type hot water heater.

  In addition to the above features, the hot water supply system according to the present invention includes an outside temperature sensor capable of measuring the outside temperature, and the control unit is configured to receive information on the outside temperature from the outside temperature sensor. Also good.

Also, a first circulation circuit in which hot water obtained from a water outlet provided in the lower part of the hot water storage tank is re-supplied to the hot water storage tank from a water inlet provided in the upper part of the hot water storage tank via the first heat source unit. The hot water obtained from the inlet / outlet provided at the lower part of the hot water storage tank is re-supplied from the inlet to the hot water storage tank directly through the second heat source unit or further through the first heat source unit. A low-temperature water supplied from a water supply source is branched at a branch point on the second circulation circuit and supplied to the water inlet / outlet and the second heat source machine. If it is a structure provided, the temperature of the low-temperature water flowing through the water supply circuit, or the flow through the pipeline between the branch point and the second heat source unit in the second circulation circuit Water temperature that can measure the temperature of hot water A sensor, the control unit may also from the entering water temperature sensor a structure in which information is given about the incoming water temperature.

  And in the said 2nd circulation circuit, the cross joint which has the 1st-4th opening part in four directions interposed by the said branch point located between the said inlet / outlet water port and the said 2nd heat-source equipment. The water supply source is connected to the second opening, the second heat source device is connected to the third opening, and the water inlet / outlet is connected to the fourth opening. The low-temperature water supplied from is branched at the cross joint so as to be supplied to the hot water storage tank and the second heat source unit, and the water temperature sensor is connected to the cross joint from the first opening. It is good also as what is comprised so that the temperature measurement of the warm water which flows through the flow path inside the said cross joint by inserting so that it may reach an internal flow path is possible. When comprised in this way, the temperature of the warm water supplied to a 2nd heat-source equipment can be measured by inserting a temperature sensor from one opening part of a cross joint. And it is realizable only by inserting a temperature sensor from one opening part using a commercially available cross joint. For this reason, in order to measure the temperature of the hot water supplied to a 2nd heat-source device, it is not necessary to form the opening part for installing a temperature sensor on a pipe line separately.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, in a hot water supply system using a plurality of heat source devices in combination, it is possible to further improve the operation efficiency or the operation merit as compared with the related art.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a hot water supply system according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “this embodiment” as appropriate) will be described with reference to the drawings. The same components as those in the conventional configuration shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is simplified or omitted.

  The following drawings schematically show the system configuration, and some components such as a pressure sensor are not shown.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply system according to the present invention (hereinafter appropriately referred to as “the present system”). The system 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a control unit 61 and an outside air temperature sensor 62 as compared with the conventional hot water supply system 100 shown in FIG. The control unit 61 has a calculation function for performing a calculation process based on the input information, and is configured to output a calculation result obtained by the calculation process to the outside. For example, the control unit 61 includes a CPU and a storage unit.

  The outside air temperature sensor 62 is configured to measure the temperature of the outside air at the installation location (or installation area, installation area) of the system 10 (particularly the heat pump water heater 2) and to give the measurement result to the control unit 61. .

  Further, unlike the conventional hot water supply system 100, this system includes a cruciform joint 43 having openings in four different directions instead of the three-way joint 41, and a temperature sensor 52 is inserted into one opening of the cruciform joint. ing. In other words, a cross joint 43 is interposed between the water inlet / outlet 31 and the heat pump water heater 2 in the second circulation circuit C2 shown in FIG.

  At this time, the hot water obtained from the water inlet / outlet 31 of the hot water storage tank 1 is supplied to the heat pump water heater 2 through the water inlet / outlet 31 and the cross joint 43, and the hot water heated by the heat pump water heater 2 is supplied from the water inlet 33. Re-supplied to the hot water storage tank 1. The low-temperature water supplied from the water supply source 5 is branched by the cross joint 43 into a path supplied from the water inlet / outlet 31 to the hot water storage tank 1 and a path supplied to the heat pump water heater 2.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the cross joint 43. The cross joint 43 includes a first opening 43a, a second opening 43b, a third opening 43c, and a fourth opening 43d in four different directions.

  A temperature sensor 52 is inserted into the first opening 43a so as to reach the flow path inside the cross joint 43, and the temperature of the hot water flowing through the flow path inside the cross joint 43 can be measured. Has been. The second opening 43b is connected to a pipe connected to the water supply source 5, the third opening 43c is connected to a pipe connected to the heat pump water heater 2, and the fourth opening 43d is connected to the fourth opening 43d. The water inlet / outlet 31 is connected.

  Thereby, the low temperature water supplied from the water supply source 5 flows into the cross joint 43 from the second opening 43b, and then supplied to the heat pump water heater 2 from the third opening 43c, and the fourth opening. It branches off to the low temperature water supplied in the hot water storage tank 1 through the inlet / outlet 31 from the part 43d. The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 flows into the cruciform joint 43 from the water inlet / outlet 31 through the fourth opening 43d, and is then supplied to the heat pump water heater 2 from the third opening 43c. The temperature of the hot water or the low temperature water passing through the inside of the cross joint 43 is configured to be detectable by the temperature sensor 52 inserted from the first opening 43a.

  At this time, even if either the low temperature water from the water supply source 5 or the hot water taken out from the inlet / outlet 31 of the hot water storage tank 1 is supplied to the heat pump water heater 2, the supplied hot water is always It is the structure which flows in the cross joint 43 which is a branch point. That is, the temperature sensor 52 inserted in the cross joint 43 can detect the temperature of the incoming water to the heat pump water heater 2 by detecting the temperature of the hot water or low temperature water flowing through the cross joint 43. It is a simple configuration.

  Here, in general, the heat pump water heater 2 determines a COP (Coefficient Of Performance) value indicating a coefficient of performance during operation based on the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature. The calculation unit 61 of the system 10 stores in the internal storage means a database in which the COP value of the heat pump water heater 2 determined by the combination of the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature is registered for each incoming water temperature and each outside air temperature. Yes. The COP value here corresponds to the state index, and the database corresponds to the state index calculation database.

  FIG. 3 is a table showing an example of the state index calculation database stored in the storage means in the control unit 61 when a certain heat pump water heater 2 is adopted in the system 10. As described above, the COP value in the heat pump water heater 2 is determined based on the combination of the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature. And the control part 61 is based on the information regarding the outside temperature given from the outside temperature sensor 62, and the information about the water temperature to the heat pump 2 given from the temperature sensor 52, and the COP value (state index) corresponding to these combinations. Is calculated. For example, when the outside air temperature given from the outside air temperature sensor 62 is 6 ° C. and the incoming water temperature given from the temperature sensor 52 is 48 ° C., the state index is 1 based on the state index calculation database shown in FIG. It is calculated as .98 (indicated with a frame in FIG. 3).

  In the state index calculation database shown in FIG. 3, the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature are each configured as a table given as integer values. In this case, when the outside air temperature given from the outside air temperature sensor 62 and the water temperature entering the heat pump water heater 2 given from the temperature sensor 52 are not expressed as integer values, the outside air displayed in the state index calculation database is displayed. The state index corresponding to the closest combination among the combinations of the temperature and the incoming water temperature may be calculated.

  In addition, when the control unit 61 records an arithmetic expression that can calculate the state index by being given the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature in the storage unit, the outside temperature sensor 62 is used for the arithmetic expression. The state index may be calculated by performing arithmetic processing by substituting information on the outside air temperature given from the above and the information on the temperature of water entering the heat pump 2 given from the temperature sensor 52. In this case, the control unit 61 may not include the state index calculation database inside.

  As described above, heat pump water heaters are, in principle, more energy efficient than gas-fired or oil-fired hot water heaters (hot water boilers), so the efficiency of the entire system can be improved by operating heat pump water heaters with priority. improves. However, on the other hand, the heat pump water heater generally has a property that the COP value decreases as the outside air temperature at the installation location decreases and as the incoming water temperature increases.

  That is, when the operation control of the heat pump water heater 2 is performed only by the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 as in the above-described conventional configuration, the system as a whole is operated with low energy efficiency depending on the outside air temperature or the incoming water temperature. It is also assumed that In such a case, it is more efficient to stop the heat pump water heater first and control the operation state in which only the hot water boiler is operating.

  However, as described above, since there are two factors, the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature, as factors that reduce the operating efficiency of the heat pump water heater, the operation control of the heat pump water heater is performed only by the outside air temperature or only the incoming water temperature. In this case, it is controlled that the operation of the heat pump water heater is stopped in an efficient scene, or conversely, the operation of the heat pump water heater is stopped in an efficient scene. there is a possibility. And since two factors relate to each other and influence each other in this way, even if the operation control of the heat pump water heater is performed simply by comparing the outside air temperature or the incoming water temperature with a predetermined temperature, it is efficient. It is also assumed that it is impossible to expect proper driving.

  Therefore, in the present system 10, for each combination of the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature, a state index for evaluating the operation state when the heat pump water heater is operated in the environment is calculated based on the COP value. Is recorded as a state index calculation database in the storage means. Furthermore, a “target index” is defined as a branch point where the efficiency of the entire system is improved by stopping the heat pump during operation. By comprising in this way, the control part 61 compares the state index read from the state index calculation database with a target index using the given outside air temperature and incoming water temperature information, and stops the heat pump water heater 2. Judge whether to do.

  Here, the present system 10 is configured to be able to designate one operation mode from a plurality of different operation modes in advance, and the control unit 61 recognizes which operation mode is set. be able to. The target index is recorded in the storage means for each set operation mode.

For example, the operation mode can be determined by appropriately selecting from a running cost merit priority mode, a CO ₂ emission reduction priority mode, a primary energy conversion priority mode, and the like. For each operation mode, a target COP value (target index) corresponding to each combination of the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature is determined in advance.

  An example of how to set a specific target index is shown below.

  In the running cost merit priority mode, when the heat pump water heater 2 is operated and when the hot water boiler 3 is operated so as to supply the same load, the operation running cost of the heat pump water heater 2 is the operation running of the hot water boiler 3. The target index is defined as the minimum condition that is more than a predetermined amount (for example, 10 yen or more) less than the cost.

Here, the hot water supply load is Z [kW], the COP value of the hot water boiler 3 is Pb, the unit price of the heat source (here, gas) is Cg [yen / Nm ³ ], and the thermal efficiency (constant) of the gas is ηg [kcal / Nm ³ ], and the unit conversion constant is k (= 860 [cal / W]), the cost Cbz required to supply heat to the hot water supply load by the hot water boiler 3 is as follows (Equation 1) Represented by

(Equation 1)
Cbz = (Z · k / (Pb · ηg)) · Cg

  On the other hand, the cost Chz required to supply heat by the heat pump water heater 2 with respect to the hot water supply load is as follows. When the COP value during operation of the heat pump water heater 2 is Ph and the power unit price is Ce (yen / kW), It is represented by the following (Equation 2).

(Equation 2)
Chz = (Z / Ph) · Ce

  Here, the Pb is determined by the capability of the hot water boiler 3 used in the system 10. Moreover, since ηg, k, Cg, and Ce are constants, the cost Chz generated by supplying heat by the heat pump water heater 2 is more than a predetermined amount than the cost Cbz generated by supplying heat by the hot water boiler 3. , A COP value (Ph) that satisfies the required condition is calculated. Here, if Z = 116, Pb = 0.9, ηg = 9700, k = 860, and Cg = 95 are substituted, the cost Cbz = 1086 yen by the hot water boiler 3 is calculated, and this cost is, for example, 10 yen or more, As a minimum condition for lowering, for example, when the COP value (Ph) of the heat pump water heater 2 is 1.2, the cost of the heat pump water heater 2 is calculated as Chz = 1063 yen according to the above (Equation 2). That is, in an environment in which the heat pump water heater 2 is operated under the condition of Ph = 1.2 or more, the heat pump water heater is compared with the case where the hot water boiler 3 alone supplies heat to the hot water supply load. It can be seen that the running cost is lower when the 2 is operated. The line AA ′ in FIG. 3 is obtained by connecting the boundary indicating COP = 1.2 with a broken line. When the heat pump water heater 2 is operated in the environment located in the lower left of the broken line, the COP is It shows 1.2 or more, and a running cost merit by operating the heat pump water heater 2 can be obtained.

Similarly, in the CO ₂ emission amount merit priority mode, when the heat pump water heater 2 is operated and the hot water boiler 3 is operated so as to supply the same load, the CO ₂ emission amount during operation of the heat pump water heater 2 is operated. However, the target index is defined as the minimum condition that is a predetermined amount or more (for example, 0.5 kg or more) and lower than the CO ₂ emission amount during operation of the hot water boiler 3.

Here, assuming that the gas emission basic unit is Eg [kg / Nm ³ ], the CO ₂ emission amount Ebz generated when the hot water boiler 3 supplies heat to the hot water supply load is expressed by the following (Equation 3). Is done.

(Equation 3)
Ebz = (Z · k / (Pb · ηg)) · Eg

On the other hand, the CO ₂ emission amount Ehz generated when heat is supplied by the heat pump water heater 2 with respect to the hot water supply load is expressed by the following (Equation 4) when the basic unit of electric power emission is Ee [kg / Nm ³ ]. Is done.

(Equation 4)
Ehz = (Z / Ph) · Ee

Here, if Z = 116, Pb = 0.9, ηg = 9700, k = 860, and Eg = 2.108 are substituted, the CO ₂ emission amount by the hot water boiler 3 is calculated as Ebz = 24.1 kg. For example, when the COP value (Ph) of the heat pump water heater 2 is set to 1.8 as a minimum condition for lowering the discharge amount by 0.5 kg or more, for example, the CO ₂ emission amount by the heat pump water heater 2 is The cost Ehz = 23.1 kg is calculated from the above (Equation 4). That is, if the environment is such that the heat pump water heater 2 is operated under the condition of Ph = 1.8 or more, the heat pump water heater is compared with the case where the hot water boiler 3 alone supplies heat to the hot water supply load. It can be seen that operating CO ₂ can reduce CO ₂ emissions. The line BB ′ in FIG. 3 is obtained by connecting the boundary indicating COP = 1.8 with a broken line. When the heat pump water heater 2 is operated in an environment located in the lower left of the broken line, the COP is It shows 1.8 or more, and the CO ₂ emission amount merit by operating the heat pump water heater 2 is obtained.

  Similarly, in the primary energy conversion merit priority mode, when the heat pump water heater 2 is operated and the hot water boiler 3 is operated so as to supply the same load, the primary energy conversion is performed rather than the COP value of the hot water boiler 3. The COP value of the heat pump water heater 2 is a target index with a minimum condition that exceeds or exceeds a predetermined value (for example, 0.001 or more).

  The COP value Ph1 after converting the COP value of the heat pump water heater 2 into primary energy is expressed by the following (Equation 5) using the power generation efficiency ηe (constant).

(Equation 5)
Ph1 = Ph · ηe

  Therefore, when the COP of the hot water boiler 3 is Pb = 0.9 and ηe = 0.369, for example, when the COP value (Ph) of the heat pump water heater 2 is 2.45, the heat pump after primary energy conversion The COP value (Ph1) of the water heater 2 is 0.904, which exceeds the COP value of the hot water boiler 3 by 0.001 or more. That is, in an environment where the heat pump water heater 2 is operated under the condition of Ph = 2.45 or more, the heat pump water heater is compared with the case where the hot water boiler 3 alone supplies heat to the hot water supply load. It can be seen that the COP value is higher when the No. 2 is operated even after primary energy conversion. The CC ′ line in FIG. 3 is obtained by connecting the boundary indicating COP = 2.45 with a broken line. If the heat pump water heater 2 is operated in an environment located in the lower left of the broken line, the COP is 2.45 or more is shown, and the merit of primary energy conversion by operating the heat pump water heater 2, that is, resource saving operation can be obtained.

For example, by using the method as described above, the target index is 1.20, 1.80, 2 in each operation mode of the running cost merit priority mode, the CO ₂ emission reduction priority mode, and the primary energy conversion priority mode, respectively. .45 and is recorded in the storage means in the control unit 61.

  In this system, operation control is performed on the hot water boiler 3 and the circulation pump 24 based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 51 as in the conventional configuration shown in FIG. Specifically, for example, if the temperature information given from the temperature sensor 51 is 60 ° C. or more, the hot water boiler 3 and the circulation pump 24 are controlled to stop, and if the temperature information is 55 ° C. or less, the hot water boiler 3 and the circulation pump 24 are operated. Control is performed.

  On the other hand, operation control of the heat pump water heater 2 is performed by the control unit 61. Specifically, the operation control of the heat pump water heater 2 and the circulation pump 13 is performed based on the incoming water temperature and the comparison result between the state index and the target index.

  That is, when the heat pump water heater 2 is in operation, the control unit 61 performs control to stop the heat pump water heater 2 when the state index falls below the target index determined for each operation mode. At this time, the control unit 61 may be configured to sequentially acquire temperature information indicated by the temperature sensor 52 and the outside air temperature sensor 62.

As described above, the target index is a COP value that is a target determined for each operation mode, and when the operation state indicates a COP value that is lower than the target, the target index of the entire system 10 is more than the target. The operating efficiency is reduced, and in such a case, it is better to stop the heat pump water heater 2 and switch to the single operation state of the hot water boiler 3 (cost merit, CO ₂ emission merit, Energy conversion merit). That is, when the control unit 61 performs control to stop the heat pump water heater 2 when the state index falls below the target index determined for each operation mode, the efficiency when viewed in the entire system 10 is improved. .

  On the other hand, similarly to the conventional case, the control unit 61 performs control to stop the heat pump water heater 2 even when the incoming water temperature is 60 ° C. or higher. Further, when the incoming water temperature is 50 ° C. or lower, control is performed to operate the heat pump water heater 2 on the condition that the target index exceeds the state index.

  By performing the control described above, the heat pump water heater 2 is actually configured to perform operation control using the target index only when the incoming water temperature is less than 60 ° C. At this time, as a general rule, when the high-efficiency heat pump water heater 2 is preferentially operated but the heat pump water heater 2 is operated under a condition that the merit of the entire system is reduced. Exceptionally performs control to stop the heat pump water heater 2 earlier than the hot water boiler 3. Thereby, while utilizing the merit of the conventional configuration, it is possible to realize higher energy efficiency than the conventional one.

  In this case, since the temperature sensor 52 detects the temperature of the low temperature water when the hot water supply load 4 is large and low temperature water is supplied from the water supply source 5, the detected temperature is a low temperature. Can be recognized immediately and the heat pump water heater 2 can be operated. That is, when the hot water supply load 4 becomes a high load, it is possible to perform control to immediately operate the high-efficiency heat pump water heater 2, and higher efficiency can be realized as the entire system.

  By the way, the conventional structure shown in FIG. 7 assumes the hot water supply system which supplies a heat source previously using the hot water boiler 3 and the heat pump water heater 2 together. However, in the conventional hot water storage tank 1 manufactured assuming only heating by the hot water boiler 3, the temperature sensor 51 for controlling the hot water boiler 3 is already attached, but for controlling the heat pump water heater 2. The temperature sensor 52 is not attached.

  Therefore, in order to apply the hot water storage tank 1 manufactured assuming only the heating by the hot water boiler 3 to the hot water supply system 100 shown in FIG. 7, it is necessary to newly attach the temperature sensor 52. 1 does not have a nozzle for newly attaching such a temperature sensor 52, and it is difficult to newly attach such a temperature sensor 52.

  However, according to the present system 10, a commercially available cruciform joint (also referred to as a cross joint) is used for a system including the hot water boiler 3 that is assumed to be heated only by the hot water boiler 3 in advance. This can be realized by inserting the temperature sensor 52 into the part. For this reason, in order to attach the temperature sensor 52 to the hot water storage tank 1 even when the heat pump hot water heater 2 is added as a new heat source apparatus to the conventional hot water storage tank 1 that only assumes the hot water boiler 3 as a heat source apparatus. This system can be easily realized without affecting the reliability of the hot water supply system.

  In the above-described embodiment, the temperature sensor that is inserted in order to measure the temperature of the hot water flowing through the joint does not need to be inserted vertically downward, and does not depend on the insertion direction. Further, the connection positions between the joints and the attachment positions of the joints are not limited to the positions illustrated on the drawings, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the present invention. For example, in FIG. 2, the water supply source 5 is connected to the opening 43b that faces the opening 43d that connects the inlet / outlet 31 of the hot water storage tank 1, and the opening 43a that is adjacent to the opening 43d in the clockwise direction is connected to the opening 43a. Although the temperature sensor 52 is inserted and the heat pump water heater 2 is connected to the opening 43c adjacent to the opening 43d in the counterclockwise position, the water supply source 5, the temperature sensor 52, and the heat pump water heater 2 may be configured to be connected (inserted) to any of the openings 43a to 43c. In FIG. 2, the opening 43 a and the opening 43 c are configured to face each other in the vertical direction, but may be configured to face each other in the horizontal direction, for example.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the system 10 includes the outside air temperature sensor 62 that measures the temperature of the outside air at the installation location (or installation area, installation area) of the heat pump water heater 2. If it is the structure given to the control part 61, it is not necessary to necessarily provide the apparatus (temperature sensor) which has the function to measure the outside temperature itself. Specifically, the control unit 61 may be configured to be able to acquire information on the outside air temperature from a database, a server, or a storage in which weather data is updated as needed through an electric communication line.

  In the above-described embodiment, the hot water heated by the heat pump water heater 2 is directly supplied to the hot water storage tank 1. However, as a system configuration that is supplied to the hot water storage tank 1 via the hot water boiler 3. I do not care. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the system of the present invention.

  Compared with the system 10 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the system 10 a of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 newly includes the circulation pump 25 and the three-way joint 44, and does not include the check valve 15 and the three-way joint 42. That is, the hot water heated by the heat pump water heater 2 is supplied into the three-way joint 44 interposed between the check valve 17 and the hot water boiler 3 via the circulation pump 25, and the hot water is supplied via the three-way joint 44. It is the structure supplied to the boiler 3. The operation of the circulation pump 25 is controlled by the control unit 61 under the same conditions as the heat pump water heater 2. If the pressure can be supplied to the hot water boiler 3 only by the circulation pump 13, the circulation pump 25 is unnecessary.

  With this configuration, when both the heat pump water heater 2 and the hot water boiler 3 are operating, the hot water heated by the heat pump water heater 2 is supplied to the hot water boiler 3 and then heated again by the hot water boiler 3. And supplied to the hot water storage tank 1. In this case, since the hot water heated by the heat pump water heater 2 is supplied to the hot water boiler 3 in advance, the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water boiler 3 rises compared to the system 10 of the present invention, and thereby the hot water boiler. 3 can be reduced, the efficiency of the entire system is further improved as compared to the above embodiment.

  In the above embodiment, the cross joint 43 is interposed at the branch point between the water inlet / outlet 31 and the heat pump water heater 2 in the second circulation circuit C2, and the temperature sensor 52 is provided at one opening of the cross joint 43. It was set as the structure inserted. However, it is not limited to such a form. For example, a configuration in which a temperature sensor 52 capable of measuring the temperature of hot water flowing in the pipe line is provided on the pipe line between the three-way joint 41 and the heat pump water heater 2 with the three-way joint 41 interposed as it is. It is also good. Even with this configuration, the temperature sensor 52 can measure the incoming water temperature of the heat pump water heater 2, so that the control unit 61 is provided with information related to the incoming water temperature measured by the temperature sensor 52. A configuration similar to that of the above embodiment can be realized.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the COP value was used as an index | exponent for evaluating a driving | running state, if it is a value which can evaluate a driving | running state integrally, it will not be restricted to a COP value. Each of the above operation modes is also an example, and other different operation modes may be assumed and a target index may be registered for each of these operation modes.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the heat pump water heater 2 and the hot water boiler 3 are used as the heat source device. However, the heat source device includes a plurality of heat source devices, and one heat source device has two conditions of an outside air temperature and an incoming water temperature. If it is the structure which has the characteristic in which operation efficiency is influenced by, it will not be limited to the kind of heat source machine. Further, even when provided with a heat pump water heater 2 and the hot water boiler 3, it is not limited to the heat pump water heater or vacuum boiler using CO ₂ refrigerant as described above. Furthermore, the set temperature value described as the start / stop condition of the heat pump water heater 2 and the hot water boiler 3 is merely an example, and the set value is not limited to this value.

  For example, also in the system 10a as shown in FIG. 5 and the system 10b as shown in FIG. 6, the controller 61 controls the heat pump water heater 2 and the circulation pump 13 based on the outside air temperature and the incoming water temperature as in the above-described embodiment. The same effect can be obtained by adopting a configuration to control.

  In the case of the system 10 b shown in FIG. 5, the water supply from the water supply source 5 is supplied only to the hot water storage tank 1. On the other hand, low temperature water is supplied from the water outlet 32 of the hot water storage tank 1 to the heat pump water heater 2 and the hot water boiler 3 via the branch point 43. The heat pump water heater 2 heats the supplied low-temperature water and supplies hot water from the water inlet 33 to the hot water storage tank 1. In the case of such a configuration, the controller 61 controls the heat pump water heater 2 and the circulation pump 13 based on the temperature indicated by the temperature sensor 52 provided in the hot water storage tank 1 and the outside air temperature indicated by the outside air temperature sensor 62. . At this time, as in the above embodiment, the operation of the heat pump water heater 2 is controlled according to the priority mode. Since the control method is the same as that in the above embodiment, the description is omitted.

  In addition, in the case of the system 10c shown in FIG. 6, in addition to the hot water storage tank 1, a cushion tank 7 is provided. The water supply from the water supply source 5 is supplied to the cushion tank 7 and the hot water storage tank 1 via the branch point 72. The hot water stored in the cushion tank 7 is supplied from the water outlet 82 to the heat pump water heater 2, and after being heated, is supplied again into the cushion tank 7 from the water inlet 83. The hot water stored in the cushion tank 7 is supplied from the water outlet 84 to the hot water storage tank 1 through the branch point 71. In such a configuration, the control unit 61 controls the heat pump water heater 2 and the circulation pump 13 based on the temperature indicated by the temperature sensor 52 provided in the cushion tank 7 and the outside air temperature indicated by the outside air temperature sensor 62. . At this time, as in the above embodiment, the operation of the heat pump water heater 2 is controlled according to the priority mode. Since the control method is the same as that in the above embodiment, the description is omitted.

  The hot water supply system according to the present invention can be used for, for example, a heat pump type hot water supply system, can maintain high energy efficiency of the heat pump type hot water supply system, and can automatically respond to instantaneous hot water supply to a high hot water supply load. It is possible to provide a hot water supply system capable of increasing the internal hot water supply pressure.

Schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply system according to the present invention Schematic diagram enlarging the cross joint structure Table showing an example of state index calculation database Another schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply system according to the present invention Another schematic block diagram of the hot water supply system which concerns on this invention Another schematic block diagram of the hot water supply system which concerns on this invention Schematic configuration diagram of a conventional hot water supply system Path diagram of first circulation circuit and second circulation circuit

Explanation of symbols

1: Hot water storage tank 2: Heat pump water heater 3: Hot water boiler 4: Hot water supply load 5: Water supply source 7: Cushion tank 10, 10a, 10b, 10c: Hot water supply system according to the present invention 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 19 , 21, 22: Valve 13, 23, 24, 25: Circulation pump 15, 17: Check valve 31: Inlet / outlet port 32, 34: Outlet port 33, 35: Inlet port 41, 42, 44: Three-way joint 43: Cross Joints 43a, 43b, 43c, 43d: Openings 51, 52: Temperature sensor 61: Control unit 62: Outside air temperature sensor 100: Conventional hot water supply system C1, C2: Circulation circuit

Claims (8)

A hot water storage tank for storing hot water and supplying the stored hot water to a hot water supply load;
A first heat source machine that heats the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank and then supplies the hot water tank to the hot water storage tank;
A configuration in which hot water or low-temperature water is heated on a principle different from that of the first heat source machine, and the operation efficiency changes depending on at least the incoming temperature of the supplied hot water or low-temperature water and the outside air temperature of the installation location. A heat source machine,
A control unit that performs start / stop control of the second heat source unit;
A first opening provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of hot water or low-temperature water passing through the inside, a second opening through which low-temperature water supplied from a water supply source flows, and hot water supplied to the second heat source unit Or a cross joint having a third opening through which low-temperature water flows out, and a fourth opening through which low-temperature water supplied to the hot water storage tank flows out and hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank flows. Become
Said second heat source unit, after heating the supplied hot water or cold water, the hot water storage tank to supply configuration der Rutotomoni, which entering-water temperature is lowered the operating efficiency enough to rise,
The controller is
Wherein the information is provided from the temperature sensor regarding the incoming water temperature of the hot water or cold water supplied to the second heat source unit, a configuration in which information about the outside air temperature of the installation area of the second heat source unit is provided, While calculating a state index for evaluating the operating state of the second heat source machine based on the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature, comparing the predetermined target index and the state index, the comparison result According to the operation control of the second heat source machine ,
When the incoming water temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature and the state index is higher than the target index, control is performed to operate the second heat source unit,
When at least one of the incoming water temperature is equal to or higher than a second temperature higher than the first temperature or the state index is lower than the target index, the second heat source machine is turned on. A hot water supply system characterized by performing control to stop . A hot water storage tank for storing hot water and supplying the stored hot water to a hot water supply load;
A cushion tank the hot water storage has been heated is supplied to the hot water storage tank, Ru low-temperature water is supplied from the water supply source while the hot water storage hot water,
A first heat source machine that heats the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank and then supplies the hot water tank to the hot water storage tank;
The second heat source unit is configured to heat hot water based on a principle different from that of the first heat source unit, and the operation efficiency changes depending on at least the incoming temperature of the supplied hot water and the outside air temperature of the installation location;
A control unit that performs start / stop control of the second heat source unit;
A temperature sensor provided in the cushion tank ,
Said second heat source unit, after heating the supplied hot water, the cushion tank supplies configuration der Rutotomoni, which entering-water temperature is lowered the operating efficiency enough to rise,
The controller is
The given information on the incoming water temperature of hot water supplied to the second heat source unit from the temperature sensor, a configuration in which information about the outside air temperature of the installation area of the second heat source unit is provided, entering-water While calculating the state index for evaluating the operating state of the second heat source machine based on the temperature and the outside air temperature, comparing a predetermined target index and the state index, according to the comparison result For controlling the operation of the second heat source machine ,
When the incoming water temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature and the state index is higher than the target index, control is performed to operate the second heat source unit,
When at least one of the incoming water temperature is equal to or higher than a second temperature higher than the first temperature or the state index is lower than the target index, the second heat source machine is turned on. A hot water supply system characterized by performing control to stop . The control unit stores therein a state index calculation database in which the state index is determined according to a combination of the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature, and information on the incoming water temperature and the outside air temperature is given. When hot water supply system according to claim 1 or 2, the condition index corresponding to the closest combination to the combination of both information provided, characterized in that calculated from the state value computing database. The controller is
The configuration is such that one operation mode selected from a plurality of different operation modes can be set, and the target index determined according to the set operation mode is compared with the state index. The hot water supply system according to any one of 1 to 3 . The first heat source machine is a combustion type hot water machine;
Said second heat source machines, hot water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a heat pump water heater for condensing heat exchanging heat from the condenser of the heat pump circuit. The hot water supply system according to claim 5 , wherein the state index and the target index are represented by COP values indicating coefficient of performance of a heat pump type hot water heater. An outside temperature sensor capable of measuring the outside temperature,
The hot water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the control unit is provided with information related to the outside air temperature from the outside air temperature sensor.   The first heat source machine is
  When the temperature of the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank becomes equal to or higher than the second temperature,
  The operation is performed when the temperature of the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank is equal to or lower than a third temperature that is higher than the first temperature and lower than the second temperature. Hot water system.

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