JP5422022B2 - Hydroelectric generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that generates power by providing a weir in a river.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a river is dammed with a dam and hydroelectric power generation is performed using water upstream of the dam.

JP 2004-84586 A

  In the configuration described above, the water overflowing the weir is falling like a waterfall on the downstream side of the weir. Therefore, in rivers with weirs for hydropower generation in this way, water level differences occur between the upstream and downstream sides of the weirs, the river water flow is not smooth, and the natural landscape changes. End up.

  Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, the present invention makes it difficult to produce a difference in water level between the upstream side and the downstream side of the weir provided in the river, and hydroelectric power generation can be performed without changing the natural landscape as much as possible. It is an object to propose an apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the hydroelectric power generator of the present invention is provided with a plurality of weirs arranged in a river in a flow direction, and a flow portion that transmits water that overflows the weir to the upper surface and flows downstream is provided on the weir. It is provided to project downstream from the upper end of the dam, and a water intake is provided on the upstream side of the weir. The water is discharged from the water intake at a position downstream of the water intake and below the sink. Power generation by providing an outlet, connecting the intake port of the upstream weir and the discharge port of another weir located on the downstream side with a water conduit, and generating electricity with the water flowing inside this conduit A device is provided.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said electric power generating apparatus and a water conduit are arrange | positioned in the ground.

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide the removal device which captures the foreign material which flows into the water intake in the weir, and to provide the removal device so as to periodically discharge the captured foreign material onto the weir.

  In the hydroelectric generator of the present invention, the water that overflows the weir can be sent to the downstream side of the river along the upper surface of the sink. And from the discharge port below this sink part, water can be taken from the intake port of the weir further upstream of the weir provided with this sink part, and the water after hydroelectric power generation can be discharged. Therefore, the water that overflows the weir and flows on the upper surface of the sink can be merged with the flow of water discharged from the discharge port immediately downstream of the sink. Thereby, in the hydroelectric generator of the present invention, it is difficult to cause a difference in water level between the upstream side and the downstream side of the weir, and as a result, hydroelectric power generation can be performed without changing the natural landscape as much as possible.

1 is a side view schematically showing a hydroelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows a hydraulic power unit same as the above. It is a top view of the removal apparatus with which a hydraulic power unit same as the above is equipped. It is the sectional side view which cut | disconnected the removal apparatus of FIG. 3 by the AA 'line.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  The hydroelectric generator according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a plurality of weirs 2 arranged in a river 1 along the flow direction, and hydroelectric power is generated using water blocked by the weir 2. It is. The weir 2 is provided at a position lower than the water surface of the river 1. The height of the weir 2 is 1 m, for example, and can be appropriately set according to the river 1 to be installed.

  In this embodiment, the river 1 has a substantially straight line for convenience of explanation. The river 1 may be meandering. Water flows in the river 1 in the direction indicated by the arrows in FIGS. Hereinafter, each configuration will be described with the direction in which the arrow in FIG. 2 is directed as the downstream side, the opposite direction as the upstream side, the upper direction in FIG. 2 as the left side, and the opposite direction as the right side.

  The hydroelectric generator of this embodiment includes a plurality of weirs 2 provided in a river 1, a water intake 4 provided on the upstream side of the weir 2, a discharge port 5 provided on the downstream side of the weir 2, and an upstream A water conduit 6 that connects the water intake 4 of the side weir 2 and the discharge port 5 of the weir 2 on the downstream side, and a power generation device 7 provided in the water conduit 6. Furthermore, the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment includes a sink 3 that protrudes downstream from the upper end of the weir 2. The sink part 3 is for transferring the water overflowing the weir 2 to the upper surface 30 and flowing it downstream.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of weirs 2 have a substantially trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side, and are formed of concrete or the like. The upper surface of the weir 2 is inclined so as to be positioned downward as the downstream side. As shown in FIG. 2, each weir 2 is formed from one (left) river bank 10 to the other (right) river bank 11 of the river 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a plate-shaped sink 3 that protrudes downstream from the weir 2 is provided at the upper end of each weir 2. The sink part 3 is not limited to a plate shape, and may have another shape. The sink portion 3 is provided so as to be inclined so that the upper surface 30 is positioned downward as the downstream side. Here, the sink part 3 may be formed integrally with the weir 2, or may be formed separately from the weir 2 and fixed to the upper surface of the weir 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the sink portion 3 is also formed from one river bank 10 to the other river bank 11 in the same manner as the weir 2.

  The downstream part of the sink part 3 is supported by two struts 32 arranged at a distance from each other in the left-right direction. The two support columns 32 are arranged at positions spaced from the riverbanks 10 and 11 of the river 1, respectively.

  In FIG. 2, the upstream weir 2 is inclined with respect to the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the river 1 so that the right side end is located downstream of the left side end. Yes. And the intake 4 is arrange | positioned in the corner part of the upstream side made by the side edge part of the right side of this upstream weir 2 and the river bank 10 of the right side of the river 1. FIG. The intake 4 is provided on the bottom surface of the river 1, and a recess 40 is provided around the intake 4 so that the bottom surface of the river 1 is lower than the upper end of the intake 4 (see FIG. 4). ). In the present embodiment, the recess 40 has an arc shape in plan view, and is formed from the upstream weir 2 to the river bank 10 on the right side of the river 1. The water intake 4 is disposed on the central angle side of the arc from the recess 40 having an arc shape in plan view.

  Further, a discharge port 5 is disposed at a corner on the downstream side formed by the left side end portion of the upstream weir 2 and the river bank 11 on the left side of the river 1. The discharge port 5 is disposed at a location immediately downstream of the left side end portion of the upstream weir 2 and is positioned below the sink portion 3 provided in the upstream weir 2.

  In addition, the downstream weir 2 is disposed so as to be inclined with respect to the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the river 1 so that the left side end portion is located downstream of the right side end portion. And the water intake 4 is arrange | positioned in the corner part of the upstream side made by the left side edge part of the weir 2 of this downstream side, and the riverbank 11 of the left side of the river 1. FIG. Around the intake port 4, a recess 40 having a circular arc shape in plan view is provided from the weir 2 on the downstream side to the river bank 11 on the left side of the river 1. The water intake 4 is disposed on the central angle side of the arc from the recess 40 having an arc shape in plan view.

  Further, a discharge port 5 is disposed at a corner portion on the downstream side formed by the right side end portion of the downstream weir 2 and the river bank 10 on the right side of the river 1. The discharge port 5 is disposed at a location immediately downstream of the right side end of the downstream weir 2 and is positioned below the sink 3 provided in the downstream weir 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sink portion 3 provided in the upstream weir 2 has a substantially parallelogram shape in plan view in which the downstream end on the right side is located on the downstream side of the downstream end on the left side. In addition, the sink portion 3 provided in the downstream weir 2 has a substantially parallelogram shape in plan view in which the downstream end on the left side is located downstream of the downstream end on the right side.

  As described above, the two weirs 2 and the sink portion 3 arranged in the flow direction of the river 1 are arranged so that the tilting directions are alternately opposite to the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the river 1. A plurality of (two or more) weirs 2 and sinks 3 arranged as described above are provided in the river 1 over the flow direction of the river 1.

  In the present embodiment, among any two weirs 2 arranged in the flow direction of the river 1, the intake port 4 of the upstream weir 2 and the discharge port 5 of the downstream weir 2 are connected to the water conduit 6. Connected by. The water conduit 6 may connect the intake port 4 of the upstream weir 2 and the discharge port 5 of the two or more downstream weirs 2. In this way, by connecting the upstream side weir 2 and the downstream side weir 2 with the water conduit 6, a predetermined amount of the potential energy of the water flowing through the water conduit 6 can be secured. A fixed amount of power generated by the power generation device 7 provided in the water pipe 6 can be secured. The height difference between the position of the intake port 4 of the upstream weir 2 and the position of the discharge port 5 on the downstream side thereof is, for example, 2 to 3 m.

  Although not shown, the power generation device 7 is composed of a water turbine that is rotated by water flowing through the water conduit 6 and a generator that converts the rotational force of the water turbine into electricity. The power generation device 7 is disposed at a location near the downstream end (discharge port 5) of the water conduit 6.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power generation device 7 and the water conduit 6 of the present embodiment are provided by being buried in a portion of the riverbanks 10 and 11 of the river 1 that is below the bottom surface of the river 1. In the present embodiment, the plurality of power generation devices 7 and the water conduits 6 are alternately arranged on one (right) river bank 10 and the other (left) river bank 11 along the flow direction of the river 1. It is provided buried.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the hydroelectric power generator described above further includes a removal device 8 for removing foreign matters such as earth and sand, trees, and dead leaves flowing into the water intake 4 and the recess 40. FIG. 3 shows a removing device 8 provided on the upstream weir 2 of FIG. The removal device 8 provided in the downstream weir 2 in FIG. 2 is the same as the removal device 8 provided in the upstream weir 2.

  The removal device 8 includes a capture member 80 placed in the water intake 4 and the recess 40, and a drive unit 81 that moves the capture member 80 up and down. The drive unit 81 moves the capture member 80 to a capture position for capturing foreign matter indicated by a solid line in FIG. 4 and a discharge position for discharging the captured foreign matter indicated by a broken line in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the capture member 80 includes a mesh part 82 placed on the water intake 4, a dish part 83 placed on the recess 40, and the mesh part 82 and the dish part 83. And a connecting wall portion 84 rising from the downstream end. The net-like part 82, the dish part 83, and the connecting wall part 84 are integrally formed. Note that the capture member 80 is formed of a material that is strong and resistant to rust, such as stainless steel, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom portion of the capture member 80 composed of the mesh portion 82 and the dish portion 83 corresponds to the upstream corner portion formed by the right side end portion of the weir 2 and the right river bank 10 of the river 1. It is formed in a fan shape. A net-like portion 82 is arranged on the central angle side of the sector, and a dish portion 83 is arranged on the sector-shaped arc side.

  A connecting wall portion 84 rises from a downstream end portion along the weir 2 in the sector-shaped bottom portion of the capturing member 80. As shown in FIG. 3, the net-like part 82 is formed so as to be wider than the water intake 4 and covers the entire water intake 4 from above at the capture position. As shown in FIG. 4, the dish portion 83 is formed to have substantially the same size as the recess 40 around the water intake 4 and is accommodated in the recess 40. The dish part 83 is located below the mesh part 82. The plate portion 83 is formed with a ridge portion 830 having a circular arc shape in a plan view projecting upward at an end portion on the outer side (fan-shaped arc side). This ridge portion 830 is formed so that the upper end of the ridge portion 830 is flush with or lower than the bottom surface of the river 1 around the recess 40 in a state where the dish portion 83 is in the capture position. It is preferable.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the drive unit 81 includes a drive motor 85, a motor gear 86 fixed to the motor shaft of the drive motor 85, a bearing 87 fixed to the wall surface on the upstream side of the weir 2, and a bearing 87. A rotation shaft 88 that is rotatably supported and a gear 89 fixed to the rotation shaft 88 are provided. The gear 89 and the motor gear 86 mesh with each other to rotate the rotation shaft 88. The drive motor 85 is embedded in the wall surface on the upstream side of the weir 2.

  A pair of fixing portions 840 protruding upward from both side end portions of the connecting wall portion 84 of the capturing member 80 are fixed to both end portions in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 88 of the driving portion 81.

  In the removing device 8 having the above-described configuration, the drive motor 85 of the drive unit 81 is driven at a constant period, whereby the capture member 80 is moved to the capture position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 4 and the discharge position indicated by the broken line in FIG. Move. Thereby, the removal apparatus 8 of this embodiment can discharge | emit the foreign material deposited on the mesh part 82 and the dish part 83 regularly on the weir 2 (in this embodiment, on the sink part 3). it can.

  The removal device 8 is not limited to the structure described above, and other known techniques can be applied.

  In the above-described hydroelectric generator of the present embodiment, hydroelectric power generation is performed as follows.

  That is, the water flowing through the river 1 is blocked by the upstream weir 2, and the blocked water is taken into the water conduit 6 through the water intake 4, and the water turbine of the power generator 7 provided in the water conduit 6 is installed. Rotate to generate electricity. And the water after rotating a water turbine is discharge | released from the discharge port 5 of the weir 2 of the one downstream side. Similarly, the water flowing in the river 1 is blocked by the one downstream weir 2, and the blocked water is taken into the water conduit 6 through the water intake 4, and the hydroelectric power generation provided in the water conduit 6. Rotate the water wheel of the device to generate electricity. And the water after rotating a water turbine is discharge | released from the discharge port 5 of the weir 2 of one more downstream side.

  As described above, the water in the river 1 is dammed for each dam 2 and hydroelectric power generation is performed with the water, and then the water after the hydroelectric power generation is discharged from the discharge port 5 of the dam 2 on the downstream side. discharge.

  Here, the water overflowing each weir 2 flows downstream through the upper surface 30 of the sink 3 provided in the weir 2. Here, below the sink 3, water taken from the intake 4 of the weir 2 upstream of the weir 2 provided with the sink 3 is discharged through the discharge port 5. Therefore, the overflow water flowing through the upper surface 30 of the sink part 3 can be merged with water at a certain water level discharged from the discharge port 5 at a part immediately downstream of the sink part 3. Thereby, it can suppress that the water level difference of the upstream and downstream of the weir 2 (sink part 3) becomes large. As a result, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present embodiment makes it difficult for a water level difference to occur on the water surface of the river 1 despite the provision of the weir 2 for hydroelectric power generation in the river 1, and changes the natural landscape as much as possible. Hydropower can be generated.

  Thus, the hydroelectric power generation device of the present embodiment is likely to be installed in various regions by preventing the natural scenery from being destroyed as much as possible.

  Moreover, in the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment, foreign materials such as earth and sand, trees and dead leaves flowing into the water intake 4 can be captured by the removing device 8 and periodically discharged onto the weir 2 (sink part 3). it can. The foreign matter discharged onto the weir 2 (sink part 3) is caused to flow downstream by water overflowing the weir 2 (sink part 3). Therefore, in the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment, the water intake 4 is not easily clogged, and the hydroelectric power generation efficiency is unlikely to decrease. In addition, since foreign substances can be automatically removed in this way, the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment has a low need for maintenance.

  In the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment described above, two intakes 4 are provided on the upstream side of the most upstream weir 2, and one intake 4 is guided to the discharge port 5 of the one downstream weir 2. The other intake 4 is connected to the discharge port 5 of the most upstream weir 2 through the water pipe 6. In this way, water can be discharged also from the discharge port 5 of the most upstream weir 2.

  Further, the most downstream weir 2 may not be provided with the water intake 4, or the water intake 4 is provided and connected to the water conduit 6 to generate power, and the generated water is supplied to the downstream downstream of the weir 2. You may make it discharge | release to the downstream basin from the weir 2.

  In summary, the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of weirs 2 arranged side by side in the flow direction in the river 1, and the flow part 3 that flows the water overflowing the weir 2 to the upper surface 30 and flows downstream. Projecting from the upper end of the weir 2 to the downstream side, a water intake 4 is provided on the upstream side of the weir 2, and the water intake is located downstream of the water intake 4 and below the sink 3. The discharge port 5 for discharging water taken from 4 is provided, and the intake port 4 of the upstream weir 2 is connected to the discharge port 5 of another weir 2 located downstream of this by a water conduit 6. The water guide pipe 6 is provided with a power generator 7 that generates power using water flowing inside.

  With such a configuration, in the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment, the water that overflows the weir 2 is transmitted to the downstream side of the river 1 through the upper surface 30 of the sink 3 provided in the weir 2. be able to. Then, from the discharge port 5 below the sink part 3, water is taken from the intake port 4 of the weir 2 further upstream of the weir 2 provided with the sink part 3, and the water after hydroelectric power generation is discharged. be able to. Therefore, the water flowing through the upper surface 30 of the sink 3 can be merged with the flow of water discharged from the discharge port 5 immediately downstream of the sink 3. Thereby, in the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment, it is difficult to produce a water level difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the weir 2, and as a result, hydroelectric power generation can be performed without changing the natural landscape as much as possible.

  Moreover, in the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment, the electric generator 7 and the water conduit 6 are arrange | positioned in the ground.

  By setting it as such a structure, it can suppress that the electric power generating apparatus 7 and the water conduit 6 are exposed on the ground, and damage a natural scenery, and can perform hydroelectric power generation, changing a natural scenery as much as possible.

  Further, in the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment, the weir 2 is provided with a removing device 8 that captures foreign matter flowing into the water intake 4, and the removing device 8 periodically discharges the captured foreign matter onto the weir 2. It is provided to do.

  By adopting such a configuration, in the hydroelectric power generation apparatus of this embodiment, foreign substances such as earth and sand, trees, and dead leaves flowing into the water intake 4 are periodically captured by the removal device 8, and placed on the weir 2. Can be discharged. The foreign matter discharged on the weir 2 can be pushed down to the downstream side by the water flowing on the weir 2 and the sink 3. Thereby, in the hydroelectric generator of this embodiment, it can suppress that the water intake 4 is clogged and power generation efficiency falls.

  In the above-described hydroelectric generator of the present embodiment, the sink portion 3 is projected to the downstream side of the river 1 until the downstream end thereof is substantially the same height as the water level discharged from the discharge port 5. It may be. By doing in this way, it can further suppress that the water level of the confluence | merging part just downstream of the sink part 3 falls.

  Moreover, the sink part 3 may form an uneven surface on the upper surface 30 for causing the water that travels on the upper surface 30 to ripple. By doing in this way, when the flow on the upstream side of the weir 2 is rippled by rocks, stones, etc., the water traveling on the sink 3 can also be rippled, making it appear as a natural flow.

  In the above-described embodiment, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus using the river 1 has been described. However, not only the river 1 but also a water channel such as agricultural water or water and sewage may be used.

  Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and appropriate design changes can be made within the intended scope of the present invention. It is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 River 2 Weir 3 Sink part 4 Water intake 5 Release port 6 Water conduit 7 Power generation device 8 Removal device 30 Upper surface

Claims (3)

In the river, multiple weirs are installed in the flow direction,
Providing a flow part that flows the water that overflows the weir to the upper surface and flows downstream, protruding from the upper end of the weir to the downstream side,
Provide a water intake on the upstream side of the weir,
A discharge port that discharges water taken from the water intake port is provided at a position downstream of the water intake port and below the sink.
Connect the intake port of the upstream weir and the discharge port of another weir located downstream of this with a water conduit,
A hydroelectric power generation device characterized in that a power generation device for generating power with water flowing inside is provided in the water conduit.   The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the power generator and the water conduit are disposed in the ground. The weir is provided with a removal device that captures foreign matter flowing into the water intake,
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the removing device is provided so as to periodically discharge the captured foreign matter on the weir.

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