JP5329981B2 - Building unit, unit type building and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building unit having, for example, an entrance porch roof, a columnar balcony, a terrace roof, and the like, a unit-type building including the building unit, and a method of constructing the building.

There is a building unit that has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped frame composed of four upper beams that connect the four columns and the upper ends of the columns and four lower beams that connect the lower ends of the columns. It is known to provide an entrance porch in a unit type building by arranging building units in front, back, left, right, and up and down (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In patent document 1, as a protrusion part of the entrance porch which protrudes and is attached to the outdoor side from a building unit, the horizontal plane part (entrance porch roof) which constitutes the floor surface, and an independent pillar (under the horizontal plane part) A structure having an entrance porch column) is disclosed.

JP-A-4-124341

However, in the structure described in Patent Document 1, the horizontal plane part and the independent column are separately transported to the site and then assembled on the site and fixed to the building unit, or the horizontal plane part and the independent column are combined. This is a construction method in which an object integrated in advance in a factory or the like is attached to a building unit on site. Therefore, in any case, it is necessary to transport the horizontal surface portion and the independent pillar separately from the building unit, which increases the transportation cost and may require assembly work on site. In addition, with the structure that supports the horizontal surface only with independent pillars, it may be difficult to ensure the horizontal accuracy of the horizontal surface when constructing the entrance porch. In this case, construction management to ensure the horizontal accuracy also increases. To do.
An object of this invention is to provide the building unit which can reduce a conveyance cost and an assembly effort, and can ensure the installation accuracy of a horizontal surface part, and can construct | assemble a building, a unit type building, and its construction method.

The building unit of the present invention includes four columns 121, four upper beams 122A and 122B connecting the upper ends of these columns, and four lower beams 123A and 123B connecting the lower ends of the columns. A building unit 12 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped frame, wherein the building unit 12 is formed on the upper end of the column or the upper beam (upper second joint) 124A at the longitudinal end of the building unit. A horizontal plane portion 23 which is fixed on the outside and protrudes from the upper end of the column or the upper beam toward the outside of the building unit, and at least one tip column 22 extending downward from the tip of the horizontal plane portion, A temporary beam 32 connecting the lower end portion of the front end column and the lower end portion of the column of the building unit or the lower beam (lower second joint) 124B, and the base end portion of the horizontal plane portion and the building unit And fixed The temporary beam with which the you characterized in that it is transported in a state of being temporarily fixed.
According to this invention, when constructing an entrance porch or the like with a horizontal plane part and a tip column, the horizontal plane part is stably conveyed by transporting the lower end part of the tip column and the building unit in advance in a state of being connected by a temporary beam. It can be transported, and the transport cost can be reduced as compared with the case of transporting the horizontal surface portions separately. In this case, usually the short side direction is subject to transportation restrictions, but the building unit's longitudinal direction often has room for transportation restrictions, so transport a building unit with a horizontal plane attached by a general truck or trailer. be able to.
And since the horizontal plane part and the upper end part or upper beam of the pillar of a building unit are fixed in advance, it is not necessary to perform the fixing work at the site, and the work labor can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the horizontal plane portion is supported by the tip column fixed by the temporary beam, the mounting accuracy of the horizontal plane portion, for example, the horizontal accuracy can be improved as compared with the case where the horizontal plane portion is supported only by the tip column. For this reason, an entrance porch etc. can be constructed | assembled easily.

At this time, the horizontal plane portion is provided in the corner 10D configured with the other building unit 11 having a longer dimension in the longitudinal direction than the building unit, and the horizontal plane portion and the upper end portion of the column of the other building unit or It is preferable that the upper beam is joined on site.
According to this invention, when providing in an entrance corner part, it can be easily integrated with another building unit only by joining a horizontal surface part to another building unit on-site.

Furthermore, a temporary column 31 provided on the other building unit side at the tip of the horizontal plane portion, a second temporary beam 33 connecting the temporary column and the lower ends of the front column, and a lower end of the temporary column It is preferable to include a third temporary beam 34 that connects a lower end portion of the pillar of the building unit or the lower beam.
According to the present invention , by using the temporary column, the second temporary beam, and the third temporary beam, even when the tip column is one, it can be stably conveyed. Furthermore, by using the temporary column, the second temporary beam, and the third temporary beam, the horizontal plane portion is supported more stably, and therefore the mounting accuracy of the horizontal plane portion can be further improved.

It is also preferable that at least two tip columns 45 are provided, and the horizontal surface portion is installed so as to protrude from the outer wall surface of the building.
According to this invention, a horizontal plane part can be provided in the position which protruded from the building outer wall surface by using two front-end | tip columns.

The unit building according to the present invention includes the above-described building unit.
According to this invention, similarly to the above-described effects, it is possible to construct a building with reduced transportation costs and assembly labor. Moreover, a building can be constructed | assembled, ensuring the attachment precision of a horizontal surface part similarly to the above-mentioned effect.

The construction method of the unit type building of this invention is characterized by constructing a unit type building using the above-mentioned building unit.
According to this invention, similarly to the above-described effects, it is possible to construct a building while reducing the transportation cost and assembling time and ensuring the mounting accuracy of the horizontal surface portion.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a unit building according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which the horizontal plane portion is fixed to the first building unit and the second building unit. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the horizontal plane portion is fixed to the first building unit and the second building unit.

As shown in FIG. 1, a unit type building 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as “building 1”) according to the first embodiment of the present invention is provided with an entrance porch 2 and a balconi 3 on the upper side of the entrance porch 2. Yes. In the building 1, a plurality of first-floor building units 10A produced at a factory are horizontally arranged on a foundation 10C of a construction site, and a similar second-floor building unit 10B is arranged on these first-floor building units 10A. It is constructed by placing an inclined roof (not shown) on the second-floor building unit 10B.
The first-floor building unit 10A and the second-floor building unit 10B are each formed in a substantially box shape, and the first building unit 11 having a relatively large longitudinal dimension and the second building unit 12 having a relatively small longitudinal dimension. It consists of Then, by arranging the first building unit 11 and the second building unit 12 so that the longitudinal direction of the second building unit 12 is along the longitudinal direction of the first building unit 11, the corner 10D is formed in the building 1. Is done. This corner 10D constitutes the entrance porch 2, and the entrance door 13 is attached to the outer wall surface of the first building unit 11 on the entrance porch 2 side.
Concrete is spread on the entrance porch 2 to form an entrance porch floor 21, and a front end pillar 22 constituting the entrance porch pillar is erected on the entrance porch floor 21. The tip column 22 supports a horizontal plane portion 23 that constitutes the entrance porch roof. On the upper side of the horizontal surface portion 23, a balcony unit 3A is arranged. Further, an entrance / exit 3 </ b> B is provided on the outer wall of the first building unit 11 on the side of the balcony 3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the first-floor building unit 10 </ b> A, the first building unit 11 includes four first pillars 111 erected at the four corners, and the upper and lower ends of the first pillars 111. A first upper beam 112 and a first lower beam 113 are provided between the sections. The first upper beam 112 is connected to the first column 111 via the upper first joint 114A. The first upper beam 112 includes two first long side upper beams 112A and two first short side upper beams 112B.
On the other hand, the first lower beam 113 is connected to the first column 111 via the lower first joint 114B. The first lower beam 113 includes two first long side lower beams 113A and two first short side lower beams 113B.
Similarly, the second building unit 12 includes four second pillars 121 erected at the four corners, and second upper beams 122 and second bridges constructed between the upper and lower ends of each of the second pillars 121. And a lower beam 123. The second upper beam 122 is connected to the second column 121 via the upper second joint 124A. The second upper beam 122 includes two second long side upper beams 122A and two second short side upper beams 122B.
On the other hand, the second lower beam 123 is connected to the second column 121 via the lower second joint 124B. The second lower beam 123 includes two second long side lower beams 123A and two second short side lower beams 123B. The horizontal surface portion 23 is fixed to the upper second joint 124A at both ends of the second short side upper beam 122B. The horizontal surface portion 23 is provided so as to protrude in the longitudinal direction of the second building unit 12.

The horizontal plane portion 23 includes a horizontal upper beam 231, a second horizontal upper beam 232, a third horizontal upper beam 233, and an intermediate beam 234. The horizontal plane portion 23 is provided with a ceiling material and a floor surface material (not shown) on the horizontal upper beam 231, the second horizontal upper beam 232, the third horizontal upper beam 233, and the intermediate beam 234. Configured.
The horizontal upper beam 231 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the second short side upper beam 122B of the second building unit 12. Both ends of the horizontal upper beam 231 are connected to the upper second joint 124 </ b> A by fixing means 125.
The second horizontal upper beam 232 is disposed away from the second building unit 12. One end of the second horizontal upper beam 232 on the first building unit 11 side is connected to the upper first joint 114 </ b> A, and the other end away from the first building unit 11 is connected to the tip column 22.
One end of the third horizontal upper beam 233 is connected to the upper end of the tip column 22, and the other end is fixed to the upper second joint 124 </ b> A by the fixing means 125.
The intermediate beam 234 is installed between the horizontal upper beam 231 and the second horizontal upper beam 232.

Next, the construction method of the building 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated based on FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the horizontal plane portion is fixed to the second building unit by the temporary pillar and the temporary beam. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the second building unit and the first building unit in which the horizontal plane portion is temporarily fixed. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state where the temporary beam is removed.
In the factory, as shown in FIG. 4, the second building unit 12 constituting the first floor building unit 10A is assembled. The second building unit 12 includes a horizontal plane portion 23, a tip column 22, a temporary column 31, a temporary beam 32, a second temporary beam 33, and a third temporary beam 34.
First, the horizontal surface portion 23 to which the tip column 22 is connected is fixed to the upper second joint 124 </ b> A by the fixing means 125.
And the temporary pillar 31 is temporarily fixed along the front-end | tip column 22 to the edge part arrange | positioned at the 1st building unit 11 side of the 2nd horizontal upper beam 232. The lower end portion of the temporarily fixed temporary column 31 and the lower end portion of the front end column 22 are temporarily fixed by the second temporary beam 33. Further, the lower end portion of the tip column 22 is temporarily fixed to one lower second joint 124B by a temporary beam 32, and the lower end portion of the temporary column 31 is temporarily fixed to the other lower second joint 124B by a third temporary beam 34. Temporarily fix.
Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the second building unit 12 is removed from the factory by a truck or the like while the horizontal plane portion 23, the tip column 22, the temporary beam 32, the second temporary beam 33, and the third temporary beam 34 are connected. Transport to the site.
Note that the order of fixing the horizontal surface portion 23 and the temporary column 31 is not limited to the above. For example, the third temporary beam 34 is first connected to the lower second joint 124B, and then the third temporary beam 34 is connected. The order of fixing the temporary column 31 to the tip may be used.

At the site, when building the first-floor building unit 10A, the first building unit 11 and the second building unit 12 to which the horizontal plane portion 23 and the like are connected are arranged as shown in FIG.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the second horizontal upper beam 232 is connected to the upper first joint 114 </ b> A by the fixing means 125. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6, the temporary pole 31, the temporary beam 32, the second temporary beam 33 and the third temporary beam 34 are removed, and the entrance porch floor 21 is provided to construct the entrance porch 2. Further, the second-floor building unit 10B and the balconi unit 3A are placed on the upper side of the first-floor building unit 10A, and the balconi 3 is constructed by fixing them.

According to the first embodiment as described above, the following operational effects can be achieved.
(1) The second building unit 12 of the first embodiment includes a horizontal plane portion 23 fixed to the upper second joint 124A, a tip column 22 extending downward from the tip of the horizontal plane portion 23, and a tip column 22 A temporary beam 32 that connects the lower end portion and the lower second joint 124B is provided, and the horizontal upper beam 231 of the horizontal plane portion 23 is permanently fixed to the upper second joint 124A, and the lower end portion of the tip column 22 The temporary beam 32 connected to is transported in a state of being temporarily fixed to the lower second joint 124B.
Thus, while connecting the lower end part of the front-end | tip column 22 and the 2nd building unit 12 beforehand with the temporary beam 32, since it conveys in this state, while being able to convey stably, when conveying separately Compared to the above, the conveyance cost can be reduced. At this time, since the longitudinal direction of the second building unit 12 has a sufficient transport restriction, the second building unit 12 can be transported by a normal truck or trailer.
And since the horizontal surface part 23 and the 2nd short side upper beam 122B are permanently fixed beforehand, it is not necessary to perform a fixing operation in the field, and the work effort in the field can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the horizontal surface portion 23 is supported by the tip column 22 fixed by the temporary beam 32, the mounting accuracy of the horizontal surface portion 23, for example, the horizontal accuracy can be improved. Therefore, the entrance porch 2 can be easily constructed.

(2) Further, the horizontal plane portion 23 is provided in the corner 10D constituted by the first building unit 11 and the second building unit 12, and the second horizontal upper beam 232 of the horizontal plane portion 23 and the first building unit 11 are provided. The first short side upper beam 112B is joined at the site.
Since the horizontal plane portion 23 is provided in the corner 10D, it is only necessary to join the horizontal plane portion 23 to the first building unit 11 at the site, and it does not take time and effort at the site. Therefore, the building 1 can be easily constructed.

(3) And the temporary pillar 31 provided in the 1st building unit 11 side of the horizontal surface part 23, the 2nd temporary beam 33 which connects the lower end parts of this temporary pillar 31 and the front-end | tip column 22, and the lower end of the temporary pillar 31 A third temporary beam 34 is provided to connect the portion and the lower second joint 124B.
Therefore, by using the temporary column 31, the second temporary beam 33, and the third temporary beam 34, even when the tip column 22 is single, it can be stably conveyed. In addition, by using the temporary column 31, the second temporary beam 33, and the third temporary beam 34, the horizontal plane portion 23 is more stable, and the mounting accuracy of the horizontal plane portion 23 can be further improved. Therefore, the entrance porch 2 can be constructed more easily.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the second horizontal surface portion according to the second embodiment of the present invention is fixed to the first building unit.
The building unit of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the configuration in which the first-floor building unit 10A of the first embodiment is changed to the first-floor building unit 10A1. The description of the items is simplified or omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the first-floor building unit 10A1 of the second embodiment, three first building units 11 are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction. Of the three first building unit 11, the first building unit 11 in the middle, the second horizontal portion 40 is disposed to protrude.
The second horizontal plane portion 40 includes two fourth horizontal upper beams 41, a fifth horizontal upper beam 42, and an intermediate beam 43.
One end of each fourth horizontal upper beam 41 is connected to the upper first joint 114A by a fixing means 126. A fifth horizontal upper beam 42 and a second tip column 45 are connected to the other ends of these fourth horizontal upper beams 41 via third joints 44, respectively. The intermediate beam 43 is installed between the fourth horizontal upper beams 41.

In the factory, the first building unit 11 constituting the first floor building unit 10A1 is assembled. The first building unit 11 includes a second horizontal plane portion 40, two second tip columns 45, two fourth temporary beams 51, and a fifth temporary beam 52.
The fourth temporary beam 51 connects the lower first joint 114 </ b> B and the lower end portion of the second tip column 45. In addition, the fifth temporary beam 52 connects the lower end portion of one second tip column 45 and the lower end portion of the other second tip column 45.
Then, the first building unit 11 is transported to the site in a state where the second horizontal plane portion 40, the second tip column 45, the fourth temporary beam 51, and the fifth temporary beam 52 are connected.
On the site, as shown in FIG. 7, the first floor building unit 10A1 is arranged. And the 4th temporary beam 51 and the 5th temporary beam 52 are removed, and the entrance porch 2 is constructed | assembled by providing the entrance porch floor 21 etc. similarly to 1st Embodiment. Further, the second-floor building unit 10B and the balconi unit 3A are placed on the upper side of the first-floor building unit 10A1, and the balconi 3 is constructed by fixing them.

According to the second embodiment as described above, the following operational effects can be achieved in addition to the effects (1) to (3) of the first embodiment.
(4) The first building unit 11 of the second embodiment includes the second horizontal plane portion 40 and the second tip column 45, and the second horizontal plane portion 40 is installed so as to protrude from the outer wall surface of the building 1.
By configuring with the two second tip columns 45, the entrance porch roof configured by the second horizontal plane portion 40 can be provided at a position protruding from the outer wall surface of the building 1.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the 2nd horizontal surface part 40 is not restricted to the structure which protrudes from the short side of the 1st building unit 11, The 2nd horizontal surface part 40 protrudes from the long side of the 1st building unit 11. The structure to do may be sufficient.
Moreover, in 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, it shows that the horizontal surface part 23 and the 2nd horizontal surface part 40 comprise an entrance porch roof, and the front end column 22 and the 2nd front end column 45 comprise an entrance porch column. However, it is not limited to this.
For example, the horizontal plane portion 23 and the second horizontal plane portion 40 may constitute a roof that forms a space such as a terrace below, and the tip column 22 and the second tip column 45 may be columns that support the roof. The space is not limited to the terrace, but may be a parking space or a bicycle parking space. Further, a floor may be provided at the base end of the pillar so that the space becomes a solarium, and glass may be attached between the floor and the roof.
Further, the horizontal surface portion 23 and the second horizontal surface portion 40 may constitute a balcony floor, and the tip column 22 and the second tip column 45 may be columns that support the balconi.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a building having an entrance porch roof, a balconi with columns, a terrace roof, and the like.

It is a perspective view which simplifies and shows the unit type building which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the state by which the horizontal surface part was fixed to the 1st building unit and the 2nd building unit. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the horizontal surface part was fixed to the 1st building unit and the 2nd building unit. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the horizontal surface part was fixed to the 2nd building unit with the temporary pillar and the temporary beam. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd building unit and the 1st building unit to which the horizontal surface part was temporarily fixed. It is a perspective view which shows the state from which the temporary beam was removed. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the 2nd horizontal surface part which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention was fixed to the 1st building unit.

1 Unit type building 2 Entrance porch 10D Entrance corner 11 First building unit ( other building units)
12 second building unit (building units)
22 End Column 23 Horizontal Plane 31 Temporary Column 32 Temporary Beam 33 Second Temporary Beam 34 Third Temporary Beam 40 Second Horizontal Plane Section 45 Second End Column 51 Fourth Temporary Beam 52 Fifth Temporary Beam 111 First Column 112 First Top Beam 113 First lower beam 121 Second column 122 Second upper beam 123 Second lower beam

Claims (6)

A building unit formed of four columns, four upper beams that connect the upper ends of these columns, and four lower beams that connect the lower ends of the columns, with a substantially rectangular frame. Because
Horizontally fixed to the upper end of the column or the upper beam at the longitudinal end of the building unit at the outer side of the building unit and protruding from the upper end of the column or the upper beam toward the outside of the building unit A surface portion, at least one front end column extending downward from the front end of the horizontal plane portion, and a temporary beam connecting the lower end portion of the front end column and the lower end portion of the column of the building unit or the lower beam,
The base unit of the horizontal plane part and the building unit are permanently fixed and the temporary beam is transported in a temporarily fixed state. The building unit according to claim 1,
The horizontal plane portion is provided at a corner formed by another building unit having a longer dimension in the longitudinal direction than the building unit, and the horizontal plane portion and the upper end portion or the upper beam of the column of the other building unit are on the site. Building unit characterized by being joined at The building unit according to claim 2,
A temporary pole provided on the other building unit side at the tip of the horizontal plane, a second temporary beam connecting the temporary pillar and the lower ends of the leading pillar, a lower end of the temporary pillar , and the building unit A building unit comprising: a third temporary beam connecting a lower end portion of a column or the lower beam. The building unit according to claim 1,
A building unit comprising at least two tip columns, wherein the horizontal surface portion is installed to protrude from an outer wall surface of the building.   A unit type building comprising the building unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The construction method of a unit type building which constructs a unit type building using the building unit in any one of Claim 1- Claim 4.

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