JP5300531B2 - Surface emitting laminated glass and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface emission laminated glass allowing surface emission and having excellent heat resistance and fire-retardant property. <P>SOLUTION: The surface emission laminated glass 1 includes a light guide plate 4 sealed with a sealing resin 6 between a first glass plate 2 and a second glass plate 7, and characterized in that: a first optical film 3, the light guide plate 4 and a second optical film 5 are laminated in this order between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 7; the space between the first glass plate 2 and the first optical film 3 and the space between the second glass plate 7 and the second optical film 5 are filled with the sealing resin 6; a space not filled with the sealing resin 6 is present between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 and between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5; and the ends of the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 are present inside than the ends of the first glass plate 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface-emitting laminated glass in which a light guide plate is laminated between a glass plate and sealed with a sealing resin, and a method for manufacturing the same.

  As a backlight used for an electric signboard or the like, a direct type or an edge light type backlight is known. Direct-type backlights are often used for large-sized liquid crystal televisions and the like, and edge-light type backlights can be thinned, so they are often used for notebook computers and the like. As such an edge light type backlight, one in which an optical film such as a light diffusion film or a reflection film is laminated on the surface of a light guide plate is known. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-208582 (Patent Document 1) discloses a haze (JIS K7136: 2000) in which at least one side end portion is a light incident surface and both surfaces substantially orthogonal to the light incident surface are light emission surfaces. ) Is composed of a light guide plate of 2% or more and a light source arranged on at least one side end of the light guide plate. According to this, a light guide plate having a light emitting surface on both sides and having a haze (JIS K7136: 2000) of 2% or more is used, so that the thickness of the backlight is reduced, and the thickness of the electric signboard is obtained. It can be made thinner. However, the electric signboard obtained in this way cannot be used for applications that require fire resistance, and has been desired to be improved.

  On the other hand, as a surface emitting laminated glass, a laminated glass in which a light emitter is sealed between a glass plate and a glass plate is known. For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 4-9995 (Patent Document 2), a light emitter is interposed between two transparent bodies such as glass that face each other while leaving a minute gap. A laminated glass display device characterized by being fixed by a transparent polymer resin filled between two transparent bodies and solidified is described. According to this, it is said that a thin display device that has a small depth dimension and can also be used as a window glass of a building can be provided. However, there is no example in which the light guide plate is sealed to form laminated glass, and provision of such laminated glass has been desired.

JP 2006-208582 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-9995

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a surface-emitting laminated glass that can emit surface light and has excellent heat resistance and fire resistance.

  The above-mentioned problem is a surface-emitting laminated glass in which a light guide plate is sealed with a sealing resin between a first glass plate and a second glass plate, and is between the first glass plate and the second glass plate. The first optical film, the light guide plate, and the second optical film are laminated in this order, and the sealing resin is provided between the first glass plate and the first optical film and between the second glass plate and the second optical film. And a space not filled with a sealing resin between the first optical film and the light guide plate and between the light guide plate and the second optical film, and the first optical film and the second optical film. This is solved by providing a surface-emitting laminated glass characterized in that the end of the film is inside the end of the first glass plate.

  At this time, the first optical film is preferably a reflective film, the second optical film is preferably a diffusion film, and the first optical film and the second optical film are preferably diffusion films. It is preferable that the surface of the first optical film and / or the second optical film facing the light guide plate has irregularities, and between the first optical film and the light guide plate and / or the light guide plate and the second optical film. It is preferable to be laminated via an adhesion preventing film. It is also a preferred embodiment that the sealing resin is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyvinyl butyral.

  Moreover, the said subject is a manufacturing method of the surface emitting laminated glass which seals a light-guide plate with sealing resin between a 1st glass plate and a 2nd glass plate, Comprising: 1st glass plate, 1st sealing resin The sheet, the first optical film, the light guide plate, the second optical film, the second sealing resin sheet, and the second glass plate are laminated in this order, and the end portions of the first optical film and the second optical film are the first glass plate. The first optical film and the second optical film are disposed so as to be on the inner side of the end portion of the first sealing resin sheet and the second sealing resin sheet by heating at a temperature below the melting point or softening point of the resin constituting the light guide plate. It is also solved by providing a method for producing a surface-emitting laminated glass characterized in that the sealing resin sheet is melted and then cooled and sealed. At this time, it is a preferred embodiment that the heating temperature is 180 ° C. or less.

  Since the surface emitting laminated glass of the present invention has a space not filled with a sealing resin between the first optical film and the light guide plate and between the light guide plate and the second optical film, the light guide performance is good. It is a surface emitting laminated glass excellent in heat resistance and fire resistance. The surface-emitting laminated glass thus obtained has a small thickness and can easily cope with various shapes and dimensions. Moreover, since between the 1st glass plate and the 1st optical film and between the 2nd glass plate and the 2nd optical film are adhere | attached via sealing resin, a 1st glass plate and a 2nd glass plate Regardless of which side of the glass is destroyed, the glass is difficult to scatter and is excellent in safety.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an example of the surface emitting laminated glass after sealing operation. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an example of the laminated body before sealing operation. It is a schematic diagram of an example of a sealing processing apparatus. It is the figure which showed the temperature and pressure at the time of the sealing process in Example 1. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the surface-emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate before the sealing treatment, and includes a first glass plate 2, a first sealing resin sheet 8, a first optical film 3, a light guide plate 4, and a second optical film. 5, the 2nd sealing resin sheet 9 and the 2nd glass plate 7 are the examples laminated | stacked in this order.

  In the surface-emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention, the light guide plate 4 whose both surfaces are protected by the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 is sealed between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 7. 6 and has a space not filled with the sealing resin 6 between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 and between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5. Here, the space not filled with the sealing resin 6 is a state in which the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4, and the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5 are not in optical contact (optical contact). If it is. As described above, the both surfaces of the light guide plate 4 are respectively protected by the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 and have spaces that are not filled with the sealing resin 6. Since light incident from the provided light source propagates through the light guide plate 4 and is uniformly emitted from both surfaces of the light guide plate 4, the light guide plate 4 functions as a surface light source. Here, the surface of the light guide plate 4 is directly sealed with a resin similar to the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-9995 (Patent Document 2) for a laminated glass in which the light emitter is fixed in direct contact with the resin. The present inventors have confirmed that it is difficult to emit light uniformly from the surface of the light guide plate 4 when the laminated glass covered with 6 is produced. Therefore, the significance of adopting the configuration of the present invention is great.

  In the surface-emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention, the first optical film 3, the light guide plate 4, and the second optical film 5 are laminated in this order between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 7, so that the first A sealing resin 6 is filled between the glass plate 2 and the first optical film 3 and between the second optical film 5 and the second glass plate 7. Thus, since the space between the first glass plate 2 and the first optical film 3 and the space between the second optical film and the second glass plate 7 are fixed via the sealing resin 6, the first glass Even if one of the surfaces of the plate 2 and the second glass plate 7 is broken, the glass is hardly scattered and excellent in safety. Further, when the surface-emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention is used as a window glass for a house, a building, etc., even if the glass surface is destroyed from the outside of the window glass and an illegal intrusion is attempted, only the sealing resin 6 is obtained in a short time. Since it is not easy to break the first optical film, the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5, the crime prevention effect is excellent, and there is a space not filled with the light guide plate 4 or the sealing resin 6. So it has excellent soundproofing effect. Moreover, since it has the space which is not filled with the sealing resin 6 between the 1st optical film 3 and the light-guide plate 4 as mentioned above, and between the light-guide plate 4 and the 2nd optical film 5, of this invention The surface emitting laminated glass 1 can also be expected to have a heat insulating effect.

  The light guide plate 4 used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can propagate light by being totally reflected on its front and back surfaces. Here, it is preferable that the light guide plate 4 has a substantially flat plate shape formed so that at least one end portion is a light incident surface and at least one of the front and back surfaces of the light guide plate 4 is a light emission surface. Such a light guide plate 4 has a surface (light emitting surface) subjected to uneven processing or printing of a diffusion layer such as a dot pattern so that light incident from the light incident surface can be efficiently emitted from the light emitting surface. Or what knead | mixed microparticles | fine-particles in the light-guide plate is mention | raise | lifted. The thickness of the light guide plate 4 is preferably 1 to 20 mm, and more preferably 5 to 15 mm. Moreover, as a light source arrange | positioned at the edge part of the light-guide plate 4, a cold cathode tube etc. are mentioned, for example.

  The resin constituting the light guide plate 4 is not particularly limited, and is an acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyester acrylate resin, polyurethane acrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, cellulose resin, acetal resin, vinyl resin, polyethylene. Examples thereof include resins such as a series resin, polystyrene series resin, polypropylene series resin, polyamide series resin, polyimide series resin, melamine series resin, phenol series resin, silicone series resin, and fluorine series resin. Among these, acrylic resins are preferably used from the viewpoint of weather resistance and high transparency.

  The fine particles kneaded into the light guide plate 4 include inorganic fine particles such as silica, clay, talc, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate, titanium oxide, synthetic zeolite, alumina, smectite, styrene resin, urethane. Examples thereof include organic fine particles made of resin, benzoguanamine resin, silicone resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyethylene resin, polystyrene resin and the like.

  The 2nd optical film 5 used by this invention will not be specifically limited if the space which is not filled with sealing resin can be formed between the light-guide plate 4 and the 2nd optical film 5, and it has transparency. In addition to a diffusion film, brightness enhancement films such as a prism sheet and a lens sheet can be used. The second optical film 5 may be a single layer film or a multilayer film. In order to uniformly emit light emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 4, a diffusion film is preferable.

  As a diffusion film, from the viewpoint of high light diffusibility, for example, a film in which a light diffusion layer composed of a binder resin and a light diffusing agent is formed on a transparent support, and a film in which the surface of the transparent support is sandblasted Etc. are preferably employed. Among these, from the viewpoint of preventing optical contact with the light guide plate 4, a film obtained by sandblasting the surface of the transparent support is more preferably used.

  It does not specifically limit as a transparent support body used in the said diffusion film, Transparent plastic films, such as a polyethylene terephthalate film, a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polycarbonate film, a polymethylmethacrylate film, etc. are mentioned. Among these, a polyethylene terephthalate film is preferably used from the viewpoint of strength and durability.

  In addition, the light diffusing agent used in the diffusion film is not particularly limited, and a resin that imparts the performance of allowing the light emitted from the light guide plate 4 to pass through in the front direction as much as possible while diffusing the emitted light to eliminate the unevenness. Particles are preferably used. As such resin particles, those having a substantially spherical shape and an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 μm are preferably used. The average particle diameter is a value measured by a Coulter counter method.

  Examples of the resin particles include acrylic resin particles, silicone resin particles, nylon resin particles, styrene resin particles, polyethylene resin particles, benzoguanamine resin particles, and urethane resin particles.

  It does not specifically limit as binder resin used in the said diffusion film, The thing similar to what was illustrated in description of resin which comprises the light-guide plate 4 can be used. Among these, acrylic resins are preferably used from the viewpoint of weather resistance and high transparency. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing optical contact with the light guide plate 4, an ionizing radiation curable resin is preferably used as the binder resin.

  In addition, in a film in which the surface of the transparent support is sandblasted, sandblasting refers to sanding a hard material (shot material) such as silica sand against the surface of the film with a high-speed rotary blade, They are mixed and knocked against the surface of the film with a high-pressure pump to physically scrape the surface of the film. Thus, the formation of the uneven shape on the film surface can be expected to prevent adhesion to the light guide plate 4. Sandblasting can change the surface shape by changing conditions such as the type (hardness), size, spray amount, speed at which it strikes the base film, time, and the distance between the device and the base film. it can. As an example, the condition when the surface of polyethylene terephthalate is processed to have an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) (JIS B0601: 2001) of about 0.5 μm is as follows: shot material type: silica sand, shot material size: average particle size 200 μm, injection amount: 2.0 to 2.5 l / sec, peripheral speed: 40 to 50 m / sec, processing time: 30 to 60 sec, distance between apparatus and film: 430 mm.

  The thickness of the 2nd optical film 5 used by this invention is not specifically limited, From a plate-shaped thing to a film-like thing can be used. The thickness of the second optical film 5 is preferably 10 to 300 μm. When the thickness of the 2nd optical film 5 is less than 10 micrometers, there exists a possibility that the intensity | strength of the 2nd optical film 5 may fall and a sealing operation may become difficult, and it is more preferable that it is 50 micrometers or more. On the other hand, when the thickness of the 2nd optical film 5 exceeds 300 micrometers, there exists a possibility that a weight and cost may rise, and it is more preferable that it is 200 micrometers or less.

  If the 1st optical film 3 used by this invention has the space which is not filled with sealing resin between the 1st optical film 3 and the light-guide plate 4, even if it is a film which has transparency, it is reflective. It may be a film having properties. When the 1st optical film 3 is a film which has a light transmittance, the thing similar to what was illustrated in description of the above-mentioned 2nd optical film 5 can be used. For example, when the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 are diffusion films, the light incident from the side end portion of the light guide plate 4 is emitted from the front and back surfaces of the light guide plate 4. A surface-emitting laminated glass 1 is obtained. On the other hand, when the first optical film 3 is a reflection film and the second optical film 5 is a diffusion film, the light incident from the side end of the light guide plate 4 is from the side on which the second optical film 5 is laminated. Therefore, the single-sided emission type surface emitting laminated glass 1 is obtained.

  Examples of the film having the reflection characteristics include a white foam film, a metal vapor deposition film, a white pigment kneaded film, and a white paint film. Among these, a white foam film that is not optically in contact with the light guide plate 4 is preferably used, and specifically, a film in which many fine bubbles are formed in a resin film is more preferably used. As the resin film, the same thermoplastic resin as that described in the above diffusion film is preferably used. Among these, a polyester resin typified by polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of strength and durability.

  The thickness of the 1st optical film 3 used by this invention is not specifically limited, From a plate-shaped thing to a film-like thing can be used. The thickness of the first optical film 3 is preferably 10 to 300 μm. When the thickness of the 1st optical film 3 is less than 10 micrometers, there exists a possibility that the intensity | strength of the 1st optical film 3 may fall and sealing work may become difficult, and it is more preferable that it is 50 micrometers or more. On the other hand, when the thickness of the 1st optical film 3 exceeds 300 micrometers, there exists a possibility that a weight and cost may rise, and it is more preferable that it is 200 micrometers or less.

  Here, it is preferable that the surface which opposes the light-guide plate 4 of the 1st optical film 3 and / or the 2nd optical film 5 used by this invention has an unevenness | corrugation. As a result, a space is formed between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 or between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5 so as not to be in optical contact, so that more uniform surface light emission is possible. The surface emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention can be obtained. Here, the method for forming the concavo-convex shape on the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 is not particularly limited. For example, the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 may be formed using an embossing roll, or physically or chemically etched. Alternatively, a coating process including particles or a sandblasting process may be performed. Further, the unevenness is the surface of the diffusion layer of the diffusion sheet, the prism surface of the prism sheet, the lens surface of the lens sheet, and the surface of the reflection layer of the reflection film exemplified as the first optical film 3 and / or the second optical film 5. There may be.

  Further, the surface roughness of the uneven surface is determined between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 when the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 are laminated on both surfaces of the light guide plate 4, respectively. A space not filled with the sealing resin 6 between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5, that is, the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4, and the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5 are in optical contact. If it is a grade which does not carry out, it will not specifically limit. Specifically, the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) (JIS B0601: 2001) is preferably 0.1 to 4.0 μm. The arithmetic average roughness (Ra) is more preferably 0.15 μm or more. On the other hand, when the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) exceeds 4.0 μm, the sealing resin 6 flows between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 and between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5. It is more preferable that the thickness is 3.5 μm or less.

  Moreover, in the surface emitting laminated glass 1 of this invention, between the 1st optical film 3 and the light-guide plate 4, and / or between the light-guide plate 4 and the 2nd optical film 5 are laminated | stacked through the adhesion prevention film. It is preferable to become. This prevents adhesion between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 and adhesion between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5 and prevents interference fringes (Newton rings) from occurring. Thus, the surface-emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention capable of more uniform surface emission can be obtained.

  Such an adhesion-preventing film is not particularly limited. For example, both surfaces of the film may be sandblasted, or both surfaces of the film may be coated with a coating solution containing particles. May be. Among them, from the viewpoint of requiring transparency as well as adhesion prevention, a coating liquid containing particles on the film surface is preferably employed, and particularly by a coating liquid in which resin particles having excellent transparency are dispersed in a binder. What was coated is used more suitably. The binder to be used is not particularly limited, and ionizing radiation curable resins exemplified in the explanation of the diffusion film are preferably used. Similarly, the transparent support and the resin particles are not particularly limited, and those exemplified in the description of the diffusion film are preferably used.

The glass plate used by this invention is not specifically limited, It selects according to a use and the objective. Usually, although the 1st glass plate 2 and the 2nd glass plate 7 are substantially the same shape, thickness and a raw material may differ. The thickness of the glass plate is preferably 1 mm or more. If it is too thin, the glass plate may be damaged during production. Further, when the glass plate is thick, the influence of the load from above and below is large, and it takes time for heat conduction during heating, and thus there is a case where a device for sealing operation is required. The thickness of the glass plate is more preferably 3 mm or more. On the other hand, the thickness of the glass plate is preferably 20 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or less. Moreover, although the area of a glass plate changes with uses, according to this invention, it is also easy to manufacture the large surface emitting laminated glass 1 of 1 m < ² > or more.

  As the glass plate used in the present invention, tempered glass is suitably used because it is not easily damaged during bonding and is excellent in safety and crime prevention. Specifically, it is preferable to use a glass plate having a surface compressive stress of 20 MPa or more. Here, the surface compressive stress of the glass plate is a value measured according to JIS R3222. Specific examples of the glass plate having a surface compressive stress of 20 MPa or more include double strength glass, tempered glass, and super tempered glass. Double-strength glass usually has a surface compressive stress of 20 to 60 MPa, tempered glass usually has a surface compressive stress of 90 to 130 MPa, and super-tempered glass usually has a surface compressive stress of 180 to 250 MPa. Further, as the surface compressive stress is increased, the strength is improved, but the warpage tends to increase.

  The surface-emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention is characterized in that the end portions of the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 are located inside the end portions of the first glass plate 2. By this, the adhesive strength of the surface emitting laminated glass 1 obtained becomes favorable. Although it is necessary to adjust suitably the distance of the edge part of the 1st optical film 3 and the 2nd optical film 5, and the edge part of the 1st glass plate 2 with the magnitude | size of the surface emitting laminated glass 1 obtained, it is 2 mm or more. It is preferable that it is 5 mm or more. On the other hand, the distance between the end portions of the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 and the end portion of the first glass plate 2 is usually 100 mm or less.

  The material of the sealing resin 6 used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is transparent and has thermoplasticity and adhesiveness, but is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyvinyl butyral. At least one kind of resin is preferably used. Among them, the sealing resin 6 is preferably made of polyurethane from the viewpoint that it is excellent in flexibility and has an advantage that it is difficult to cause peeling when using a combination of materials having greatly different coefficients of thermal expansion such as glass and plastic. More preferred. In particular, the light guide plate 4 is disposed between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 7 as in the present invention, and the light guide plate 4 extends to the ends of the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 7. It is particularly suitable when there are end portions. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the material of the sealing resin 6 is polyurethane from the viewpoint of performing the sealing process at a temperature at which the resin constituting the light guide plate 4 has a relatively low melting point or softening point and the resin does not melt. Polyurethane is also excellent in penetration strength.

  The material of the sealing resin 6 used in the present invention is preferably a crosslinkable thermoplastic resin, particularly a resin that undergoes a crosslinking reaction when heated, from the viewpoint of strength and durability. Therefore, such a resin is sandwiched between the first glass plate 2 and the first optical film 3 and between the second optical film 5 and the second glass plate 7 in the form of a sheet, heated and melted, The first optical film 3, the light guide plate 4, and the second optical film 5 are sealed by allowing the crosslinking reaction to proceed as necessary and then cooling and solidifying. By using what is cross-linked by heating, it can be made excellent in durability and adhesiveness. The thermoplastic resin that can be crosslinked is not particularly limited as long as the crosslinking reaction proceeds when heated. For example, polyurethane can be crosslinked by reacting an isocyanate group and a hydroxyl group, and if it is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, it can be crosslinked by adding a crosslinking agent and heating.

  In manufacturing the surface emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention, the sealing resin sheet is placed between the first glass plate 2 and the first optical film 3 and between the second optical film 5 and the second glass plate 7. The first optical film 3, the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5 are sealed by sandwiching, heating and melting, and then cooling and solidifying.

  The sealing resin sheet may have an appropriate emboss on one side or both sides thereof, thereby preventing blocking and facilitating suppression of remaining bubbles. The thickness of the sealing resin sheet is preferably 0.1 mm or more, and more preferably 0.2 mm or more. By setting the thickness to a certain value or more, the first glass plate 2 and the first optical film 3, and the first glass plate 7 and the second optical film 5 are bonded uniformly. On the other hand, the thickness of the sealing resin sheet is usually 5 mm or less and preferably 3 mm or less. One or more sealing resin sheets can be stacked and used with the thickness adjusted.

  The surface emitting laminated glass 1 is manufactured using the 1st optical film 3, the light-guide plate 4, the 2nd optical film 5, a glass plate, and a resin sheet demonstrated above. A specific manufacturing method will be described below.

  First, the laminated structure will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate before the sealing treatment, and includes a first glass plate 2, a first sealing resin sheet 8, a first optical film 3, a light guide plate 4, and a second optical film. 5, the 2nd sealing resin sheet 9 and the 2nd glass plate 7 are laminated | stacked in this order.

  The first sealing resin sheet 8 is stacked on the first glass plate 2 so as to substantially cover the entire surface. The first sealing resin sheet 8 is in contact with the back surface of the first optical film 3. Subsequently, the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 are laminated in this order on the first sealing resin sheet 8 so that the uneven surface of the first optical film 3 is in contact with the light guide plate 4. Further, the second optical film 5 is laminated on the light guide plate 4 such that the uneven surface of the second optical film 5 is in contact with the light guide plate 4. At this time, it arrange | positions so that the edge part of the 1st optical film 3 and the 2nd optical film 5 may exist inside the edge part of the 1st glass plate 2. FIG. By this, the adhesive strength of the surface emitting laminated glass 1 obtained becomes favorable. As a method of arrangement, it is preferable to arrange the first optical film 3, the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5 so that the centers thereof coincide. At this time, the light guide plate 4 and the glass plate are directly bonded with the end portion of the first optical film 3 or the second optical film 5 inside the end portion of the glass plate on at least two opposite sides of the glass plate. Let From the viewpoint of further improving the adhesive strength, it is preferable that all four sides of the glass plate are directly bonded to the light guide plate 4, but on the two opposite sides (parallel) or three sides (U-shaped) of the glass plate. The light guide plate 4 and the glass plate may be directly bonded. In addition, the present inventors have confirmed that more uniform surface light emission can be obtained when the light guide plate 4 and the glass plate are directly bonded on three sides (the U-shape) rather than the four sides.

  Next, the 2nd sealing resin sheet 9 and the 2nd glass plate 7 are laminated | stacked on the 2nd optical film 5, and the laminated body 10 before a sealing process is obtained. At this time, an additional resin sheet piece may be disposed on the peripheral edge of the first optical film 3 or the second optical film 5, and thereby the space of the peripheral edge of the second optical film 5 can be easily formed with a sealing resin. And the adhesive strength of the obtained surface-emitting laminated glass 1 can be improved.

  The manufacturing method of the surface emitting laminated glass 1 of this invention heats the laminated body 10 at the temperature below melting | fusing point or softening point of resin which comprises the light-guide plate 4, and the 1st sealing resin sheet 8 and the 2nd sealing resin sheet 9 is melted and then cooled and sealed. At this time, it is preferable to melt after discharging the air between the first glass plate 2 and the first optical film 3 and between the second optical film 5 and the second glass plate 7. On the other hand, air may remain in a space not filled with the sealing resin 6 between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 and between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5. .

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example of a sealing processing apparatus. This sealing processing apparatus has a plurality of sealing processing containers 11 that accommodate the laminate 10 therein, and discharges air in the sealing processing container, heating operation and pressure adjusting operation in the sealing processing apparatus. Is possible. A part or all of the sealing processing container 11 is made of a gas-impermeable flexible film. The material of the membrane may be a gas-impermeable flexible membrane, which has a certain degree of flexibility and strength, and when the inside of the membrane is evacuated or the outside of the membrane is in a pressurized state. There is no particular limitation as long as the external air pressure is uniformly applied to the entire laminate 10, and a sheet or film of rubber or resin can be used. At this time, it is preferable to use a bag made of a flexible film which is entirely impermeable to gas. In this case, since the sealing treatment container 11 is a mere bag, it can be flexibly adapted when manufacturing the surface-emitting laminated glass 1 having various shapes and dimensions, such as building materials and interior materials. It is suitable for applications where it is required to manufacture products of various dimensions.

  In particular, when such a sealing treatment container 11 is used in the laminate 10, the glass plate breaks when the inside of the sealing treatment container 11 is depressurized and a load from above and below is applied to the laminate 10. Can be prevented. In this case, it is preferable to seal the bag which is the sealing processing container 11 along the surface of the glass plate.

  Moreover, it is preferable to use such a sealing processing container 11 also when the laminated body 10 has the member which protruded outside from the glass plate like an attachment metal fitting. Also in this case, it is preferable to seal the bag, which is the sealing processing container 11, along the shape of the protruding member. Depending on the shape of the protruding member, a bag having a pocket corresponding to the shape may be used. In order to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the protruding portion, it is also preferable that the protruding portion is covered with a cover that is not easily deformed during decompression and then introduced into the sealing treatment container 11. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the sealing processing container 11 from being damaged.

  When introducing the laminate 10 into the sealing container 11, the outer edge of the laminate 10 is covered with a bleeder 12 made of a breathable material to prevent the molten resin inside the laminate 10 from flowing out, It is preferable to secure a discharge route of air from the inside of the laminate 10. As a material used for the bleeder 12, fabrics such as woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric can be used.

  In this way, the plurality of sealing processing containers 11 in which the laminated body 10 is put are introduced into the autoclave 13 and arranged parallel to each other at intervals. Thereby, the laminated bodies 10 in the sealing processing container 11 are arranged in parallel to each other. It is preferable that the plurality of sealing processing containers 11 are arranged so as to overlap with each other in the vertical direction. The method of arranging with a predetermined interval is not particularly limited, and a method of providing a shelf having a predetermined interval in the autoclave 13 is exemplified.

  In the autoclave 13, the laminated body 10 is heated by flowing hot air in a direction parallel to the laminated body 10. By flowing hot air in a direction parallel to the laminate 10, heat can be efficiently and uniformly transmitted to the laminate 10. At this time, it is preferable that the hot air is also in contact with the lower surface of the sealing processing container 11. For this purpose, a method of arranging a spacer between the sealing processing container 11 and the shelf, or the shelf itself as a net shelf. The method of performing etc. is employ | adopted suitably. The method of supplying hot air is not particularly limited, and a heater may be provided in the autoclave 13 and the hot air may flow in a direction parallel to the laminate 10 using a fan. However, a method in which a heater is provided outside the autoclave 13 and hot air is introduced into the autoclave 13 is preferable because it facilitates uniform heating. In this case, the autoclave 13 has a hot air inlet and a hot air outlet provided on the opposite side, and a plurality of sealing processing containers 11 are arranged between the passages flowing from the hot air inlet to the hot air outlet. It is preferred that

  In the sealing process, the inside of the sealing processing container 11 is depressurized and the air between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 7 is discharged. In the sealing processing apparatus of FIG. 3, a pipe 14 for exhausting air is connected to each sealing processing container 11. Three pipes 14 are collected and connected to the pipe 15. Further, six pipes 15 (partially omitted in illustration) collected in this way are connected to the tank 16. The tank 16 is connected to a vacuum pump 17, whereby the air inside the sealing processing container 11 can be discharged. The number of the sealing processing containers 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is plural, but in consideration of production efficiency, it is preferably 6 or more, and more preferably 12 or more.

  A pressure gauge 19 is connected to each of the six pipes 15 via a valve 18, and a pressure regulating valve 20 capable of blocking the flow in the pipe 15 is provided. As a result, when a leak occurs in any of the sealing processing containers 11 connected to the pipe 15, the pressure gauge 19 detects an increase in pressure, and the control circuit 21 sends a signal to the pressure adjusting valve 20 to detect the pressure. The regulating valve 20 is closed. Thereby, even if a leak occurs in one sealing processing container 11 during the sealing operation, it is possible to prevent the other sealing processing containers 11 from being adversely affected. The sealing processing container 11 used in the present invention is made of a flexible sheet and needs to be prepared in various shapes according to the form of the decorative laminated glass 1, so that there is a risk of leakage. . Therefore, it is preferable to employ such a control method. In the example of FIG. 3, one control is performed for each of the three sealing processing containers 11, but this is based on the balance between the equipment cost and the effect. The set of the pressure gauge 19 and the pressure regulating valve 20 may be two sets or more, preferably three sets or more, more preferably five sets or more. An alarm signal can be issued from the control circuit 21 to notify the operator.

  The six pipes 15 are connected to the tank 16, and all the sealing processing containers 11 communicate with the tank 16 in a state where the pressure regulating valve 20 is open. The air in the tank 16 is discharged by the vacuum pump 17. In addition, outside air can be introduced into the tank 16 via the control valve 22.

  In the sealing processing apparatus of FIG. 3, by controlling the pressure in the tank 16, the pressures in all the sealing processing containers 11 can be controlled simultaneously. The pressure inside the tank 16 is measured by a pressure gauge 24 connected via a valve 23, and a control circuit 25 that receives this pressure data sends a signal to the control valve 22 to finely adjust it to a desired pressure while taking in outside air. To do. During this time, the vacuum pump 17 continues to operate. By controlling the tank 16 having a relatively large capacity while taking in outside air, the pressure in the sealing processing container 11 can be finely adjusted.

  In addition, before starting the pressure reducing operation in the sealing processing container 11, the pressure in the tank 16 is reduced in advance by operating the vacuum pump 17 with the pressure regulating valve 20 and the control valve 22 closed. You can also. In this case, the air in the sealing processing container 11 can be quickly discharged by opening the pressure regulating valve 20. This helps to quickly depressurize the inside of the sealing processing container 11 even when the exhaust capacity of the vacuum pump 17 is small.

  Although the capacity | capacitance of the tank 16 is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 10 liters or more, and it is more preferable that it is 20 liters or more. If the capacity is too large, pressure control by the control valve 22 may not be performed quickly. The sealing processing apparatus used in Examples described later was provided with a 50 liter tank 16.

  Using the sealing treatment apparatus as described above, the air between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 7 is discharged, heated to melt the resin, and then cooled and sealed. The temperature condition at this time is not particularly limited as long as it is heated at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point or softening point of the resin constituting the light guide plate 4, and is heated at a temperature condition capable of melting the sealing resin. Just do it. Further, if the sealing resin is a crosslinkable thermoplastic resin, the sealing resin is raised to a crosslinkable temperature and maintained at a crosslinkable temperature for a predetermined time. The pressure is not particularly limited as long as the pressure in the laminated body 10 can be discharged to reduce the remaining bubble, but the pressure is not particularly limited. Preferably, pressurization may be performed around the sealing processing container 11 simultaneously with vacuum evacuation. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing the sealing resin from entering between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 and between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5, the sealing resin is melted or softened. By the way, you may perform operation which reduces a pressure reduction degree and raises a pressure.

  Specifically, when sealing in the sealing process container 11, the step of reducing the pressure in the sealing process container 11 (step 1), the melting point of the sealing resin while keeping the pressure in the sealing process container 11 under reduced pressure The step of heating to the above temperature (step 2), the step of maintaining the temperature above the melting point of the sealing resin and increasing the pressure in the autoclave 13 (step 3), the step of cooling (step 4), It is preferable to perform a sealing operation including the steps of reducing the pressure (step 5) and increasing the pressure in the sealing treatment container 11 (step 6).

  Step 1 is a step of reducing the pressure inside the sealing processing container 11. At this time, the pressure in the sealing treatment container 11 is preferably reduced to 0.01 MPa or less, more preferably 0.005 MPa or less. By sufficiently reducing the pressure, the remaining bubbles after sealing can be effectively suppressed.

  Step 2 is a step of heating to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the sealing resin while keeping the inside of the sealing processing container 11 under reduced pressure, and is a step performed subsequent to Step 1. When the temperature of the encapsulating resin is increased, the elastic modulus is greatly reduced near the melting point (hereinafter may be abbreviated as “Tm”) (° C.) to change to a highly viscous liquid. This is a step of keeping the pressure reduced until reaching a certain temperature. The lower limit of the temperature reached by the temperature raising operation in step 2 is preferably (Tm + 10) ° C. or higher, and more preferably (Tm + 15) ° C. or higher. In many sealing resins, a suitable lower limit is 80 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 85 ° C. or higher. When the sealing resin does not have a melting point, the melting point referred to here may be replaced with a glass transition point or a softening point.

  Here, when raising the temperature, it is preferable to heat at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point or softening point of the resin constituting the light guide plate 4, whereby the light guide plate 4 can be prevented from being damaged. Specifically, the upper limit is preferably 180 ° C. or less, and in particular, from the viewpoint of raising the temperature at a temperature at which the resin constituting the light guide plate 4 has a relatively low melting point or softening point and the resin does not melt. It is more preferable that the temperature is 100 ° C. or less.

  The rate of temperature increase in step 2 is preferably slow, and the time taken to increase the temperature from room temperature to the above temperature is preferably 5 minutes or more, and more preferably 10 minutes or more. If the temperature is raised slowly, the peripheral portion is hard to melt first, and no bubbles remain in the central portion. At this time, the rate of temperature increase may be changed in the middle, or a balancing operation may be performed to stop the temperature increase and eliminate the temperature distribution inside the laminate 10. From the viewpoint of productivity, the temperature raising time is usually 10 hours or less, and preferably 6 hours or less.

  Step 3 is a step of maintaining the temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the sealing resin and increasing the pressure in the autoclave 13, and is a step performed subsequent to Step 2. By doing this, in the process of gradually increasing the fluidity, the pressure applied to the laminate 10 can be gradually increased, which is effective in improving the adhesive strength of the sealing resin while suppressing the generation of residual bubbles. Is.

  Step 4 is a step of cooling and is a step performed subsequent to step 3. In step 4, cooling is usually performed to near room temperature, but if the cooling rate is too fast, the glass plate may break. Moreover, there exists a possibility that curvature may generate | occur | produce in the surface emitting laminated glass 1 obtained. Accordingly, the cooling is preferably performed for 10 minutes or more, more preferably 30 minutes or more. In particular, when the sealing resin is melted and then cooled, the time required for cooling from (Tm + 10) ° C. to (Tm−20) ° C. is preferably 20 minutes or more, more preferably 30 minutes or more. preferable. By slowly cooling in the vicinity of the melting point, there is an advantage that residual stress can be suppressed.

  Step 5 is a step of reducing the pressure in the autoclave 13, that is, a step of releasing the pressure pressurized in the autoclave 13, and a step performed subsequent to the step 4.

  Step 6 is a step of increasing the pressure in the sealing treatment container 11. Step 6 is a step performed subsequent to step 5, and usually the pressure is increased to substantially the same pressure (0.1 MPa) as atmospheric pressure. If the pressure is increased after cooling to near room temperature as in the case performed subsequent to step 5, the pressure can be increased in a short time.

  The surface emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention thus obtained is filled with the sealing resin 6 up to the peripheral portion, and can be sealed up to the peripheral portion with the sealing resin 6 excellent in adhesiveness and durability. A highly reliable surface emitting laminated glass 1 can be provided. In particular, in the present invention, the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 are arranged so that the end portions of the first optical film 3 and the second optical film 5 are inside the end portion of the first glass plate 2. Therefore, the end surface of the 1st optical film 3 and the 2nd optical film 5 is not exposed to the periphery of the sealing resin layer, and the more reliable surface emitting laminated glass 1 can be provided.

  Moreover, according to the said manufacturing method of sealing in the sealing process container which consists of a gas impermeable flexible sheet, at least one of the 1st glass plate 2 or the 2nd glass plate 7 is a curved glass plate. Even in some cases, the sealing operation is easy. In this case, since the surface emitting laminated glass 1 sandwiched between the bent glasses can be provided, it is possible to meet the demand for diversifying the design of buildings and the like.

  As described above, the present invention has a space not filled with the sealing resin 6 between the first optical film 3 and the light guide plate 4 and between the light guide plate 4 and the second optical film 5. A surface-emitting laminated glass 1 having good light performance and excellent heat resistance and fire resistance is obtained. The surface-emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention thus obtained has a small thickness and can easily cope with various shapes and dimensions, so that it can be suitably used for outer walls, roofs, windows, ceilings, inner walls, partitions, decorations, etc. of buildings. Is done.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a surface-emitting laminated glass of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a laminate before a sealing operation. The 1st glass plate 2 and the 2nd glass plate 7 in FIG.1 and FIG.2 are soda lime glass, and the tempered glass plate of surface compression stress 100MPa of length 290mm, width 210mm, and thickness 5mm was used. On the 1st glass plate 2, the 1st sealing resin sheet 8 which is an intermediate film for glass bonding was laminated | stacked. A first sealing resin sheet 8 having the same dimensions as the first glass plate 2 was used. In this example, a 1.3 mm thick polyurethane sheet (S-123a) manufactured by Sierrasin was used as an interlayer film for laminated glass. In this embodiment, the same sealing resin sheet was used.

  Next, on the first sealing resin sheet 8, as the first optical film 3, a foamed white reflective film made of polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 188 μm and an arithmetic average roughness of the surface of 0.17 μm (Ref White RW: Kimoto) Were cut into a length of 270 mm and a width of 190 mm. Subsequently, a light guide plate 4 (Paneby L: Kimoto Co.) having a length of 290 mm, a width of 210 mm, and a thickness of 6 mm was stacked. Furthermore, as the second optical film 5 on the light guide plate 4, a diffusion film (light-up GM2: Kimoto Co., arithmetic average roughness: 3.4 μm) having a light diffusion layer on a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 100 μm is used. The ones cut into a length of 270 mm and a width of 190 mm were stacked. Here, the reflective film used as the first optical film 3 and the diffusing film used as the second optical film 5 are cut into small pieces so that the margin of the peripheral portion is 10 mm as compared with the first glass plate 2. The reflective film and the diffusion film were used so that the centers coincided with each other.

  Next, the second sealing resin sheet 9 was stacked on the diffusion film. The second sealing resin sheet 9 was the same size as the first glass plate 2. Then, the laminated body 10 was obtained by superimposing the 2nd glass plate 7 of length 290mm, width 210mm, and thickness 5mm.

  Sealing operation was performed using the laminated body 10 obtained in this way, using the sealing processing apparatus shown in FIG. First, the entire periphery of the outer edge of the laminate 10 was covered with a bleeder 12, put into a sealing treatment container 11, connected to a pipe 14, and placed in an autoclave 13.

  After setting as described above, the sealing processing operations of the following steps 1 to 6 were performed. The temperature and pressure at this time were controlled as shown in Table 1 and FIG. At this time, the temperature is the temperature in the autoclave 13 and the pressure is the pressure set by the pressure regulating valve 20.

Step 1: “Step of decompressing the inside of the sealing treatment container 11”
While starting temperature rise from room temperature (20 degreeC), pressure reduction was started. After about 10 minutes, the pressure was reduced to less than 0.005 MPa, and then maintained at a pressure of less than 0.005 MPa for 240 minutes.

Process 2: "The process of heating to the temperature beyond melting | fusing point of sealing resin, keeping the inside of the sealing process container 11 under reduced pressure"
While maintaining the inside of the sealing treatment container 11 under reduced pressure, heating was continued to reach 95 ° C. after 240 minutes from the start of temperature increase.

Step 3: “Step of maintaining the temperature above the melting point of the sealing resin and increasing the pressure in the autoclave 13”
Then, it maintained for 210 minutes in the state heated to 95 degreeC. During this time, the pressure that was 0 atm (gauge pressure) was increased to a pressure of 8 atm over 60 minutes, then increased to 12 atm over 30 minutes, and maintained at 12 atm for 120 minutes.

Process 4: "Cooling process"
Cooled from 95 ° C. to 25 ° C. over 240 minutes. During this time, the pressure in the sealing treatment container 11 was maintained at 0.005 MPa, and the pressure in the autoclave 13 was maintained at 12 atm.

Step 5: “Step of reducing the pressure in the autoclave 13”
Continued from step 4, maintained at 25 ° C. for 90 minutes. During this time, the pressure in the sealing processing container 11 is maintained at 0.005 MPa, the pressure in the autoclave 13 is reduced from 12 atm to 8 atm over 30 minutes, and subsequently reduced from 8 atm to 0 atm over 30 minutes. For 30 minutes.

Step 6: “Step of increasing the pressure in the sealing container 11”
While maintaining 25 ° C. from Step 5, the pressure that was less than 0.005 MPa was increased to 0.1 MPa (atmospheric pressure) over about 10 minutes and taken out from the autoclave 13.

  When the emission test was performed with respect to the surface emitting laminated glass 1 of the present invention thus obtained, it was confirmed that the surface emitting state was good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surface emitting laminated glass 2 1st glass plate 3 1st optical film 4 Light guide plate 5 2nd optical film 6 Sealing resin 7 2nd glass plate 8 1st sealing resin sheet 9 2nd sealing resin sheet 10 Laminate 11 Container 12 Breeder 13 Autoclave 14, 15 Pipe 16 Tank 17 Vacuum pump 18, 23 Valve 19, 24 Pressure gauge 20 Pressure adjustment valve 21, 25 Control circuit 22 Control valve

Claims (8)

A surface-emitting laminated glass in which a light guide plate is sealed with a sealing resin between a first glass plate and a second glass plate,
Between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, the first optical film, the light guide plate and the second optical film are laminated in this order,
A sealing resin is filled between the first glass plate and the first optical film and between the second glass plate and the second optical film,
Having a space not filled with sealing resin between the first optical film and the light guide plate, and between the light guide plate and the second optical film, and
The surface emitting laminated glass characterized in that the end portions of the first optical film and the second optical film are inside the end portion of the first glass plate.   The surface emitting laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the first optical film is a reflective film and the second optical film is a diffusion film.   The surface emitting laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the first optical film and the second optical film are diffusion films.   The surface emitting laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a surface of the first optical film and / or the second optical film facing the light guide plate has irregularities.   The surface emitting laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is laminated between the first optical film and the light guide plate and / or between the light guide plate and the second optical film via an adhesion preventing film.   The surface-emitting laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sealing resin is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyvinyl butyral. A method for producing a surface-emitting laminated glass in which a light guide plate is sealed with a sealing resin between a first glass plate and a second glass plate,
The first glass plate, the first sealing resin sheet, the first optical film, the light guide plate, the second optical film, the second sealing resin sheet and the second glass plate are laminated in this order,
The first optical film and the second optical film are arranged so that the end portions of the first optical film and the second optical film are inside the end portion of the first glass plate,
Surface emission matching characterized by heating at a temperature below the melting point or softening point of the resin constituting the light guide plate to melt the first sealing resin sheet and the second sealing resin sheet and then cooling to seal Glass manufacturing method.   The manufacturing method of the surface emitting laminated glass of Claim 7 whose heating temperature is 180 degrees C or less.

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