JP5194238B2 - Endoscopic biopsy forceps - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an endoscopic biopsy forceps that is used through a treatment instrument guide tube of an endoscope in order to collect tissue in the body.

In general, an endoscopic biopsy forceps includes a pair of forceps cups arranged at a distal end of a flexible sheath inserted into and removed from a treatment instrument guide tube of an endoscope so that the opening edges face each other. The flexible sheath is configured to open and close toward the front by an operation from the rear end side of the flexible sheath.
However, the forceps cup of such an endoscopic biopsy forceps is extremely limited in size because it needs to be inserted into and removed from the treatment instrument guide tube of the endoscope. If a large tissue cannot be collected using a small forceps cup, the tissue may be crushed in the forceps cup and the sample value may be lost.

Therefore, conventionally, a through hole (escape hole) is formed in the back of the forceps cup, or the rear end wall of the forceps cup is cut out from the edge side, and a part of the tissue collected by the forceps cup protrudes from the forceps cup. It is made to extract | collect in a state (for example, patent documents 1, 2).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 47-20087 JP 2001-353156 A

However, as in the invention described in Patent Document 1, in the configuration in which a through hole (relief hole) is formed in the back portion of the forceps cup, tissue in a range wider than the width of the forceps cup cannot be collected. The tissue within the width of the forceps cup can only be collected slightly more than the forceps cup volume.
In the configuration in which the rear end wall of the forceps cup is notched from the edge side as in the invention described in Patent Document 2, the tip support frame portion where the tissue protruding from the forceps cup is adjacent to the rear side of the forceps cup Therefore, there is a problem that the forceps cup cannot be smoothly opened and closed as the amount of tissue collected increases.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a sufficient amount of tissue in a range wider than the width of the forceps cup can be easily collected without hindering the opening / closing operation of the forceps cup. An object is to provide an endoscopic biopsy forceps.

According to the present invention, a pair of forceps cups arranged in a state in which the opening edges face each other at the distal end of the flexible sheath inserted into and removed from the treatment instrument guide tube of the endoscope includes the rear end of the flexible sheath. In an endoscopic biopsy forceps that is provided so as to open and close forward by an operation from the side and collects a living tissue, a notch is formed from the opening edge side in the side wall portion of the region excluding the vicinity of the tip of each forceps cup. The cut-out hole in the shape is a single substantially oval hole so that when the pair of forceps cups is closed, both cut-out holes are combined to hold the living tissue protruding from the forceps cup. is formed in the notch tip side of the region from the holes of the forcep cups are cutting an opening edge portion of each forceps cup formed in the rear end region than cutout portion of each forceps cups, a pair of forceps When the cup is closed , Characterized in that each other the peripheral portions of the opening edge of the pair of forcep cups are formed is opposed to the contact.

  According to the endoscopic biopsy forceps of the present invention, the forceps cup is formed by forming a notch hole cut out from the opening edge side in the side wall portion of the region excluding the vicinity of the distal end portion of each forceps cup. A sufficient amount of tissue in a range wider than the width of each of the forceps cups can be collected, and in the region closer to the rear end than the notch hole of each forceps cup, when the pair of forceps cups is closed, the pair of forceps cups Since the peripheral portions of the opening edge of each other are formed close to each other and face each other, the tissue does not protrude backward from the forceps cup, so that the opening / closing operation of the forceps cup is not hindered.

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
At the distal end portion of the endoscopic biopsy forceps shown in FIG. 1, a flexible sheath 1 inserted into and removed from a treatment instrument guide tube of an endoscope (not shown) has, for example, a stainless steel wire closely attached with a constant diameter. It is formed of a coiled coil pipe, and the tip support frame 2 is connected and fixed to the tip.
A known pantograph-like link mechanism 4 is disposed in the slit 3 formed in the distal end support frame 2, and the distal end of the operation wire 5 passed through the flexible sheath 1 is the rear end of the link mechanism 4. It is connected to the part. A support shaft 6 is attached near the tip of the tip support frame 2 so as to cross the slit 3.

  The pair of forceps cups 7 are arranged in a state where the opening edges 8 face each other, and the rear end extension portion of each forceps cup 7 is connected to the link mechanism 4, and the distal ends of the forceps cups 7 are pivotable by the support shafts 6 in the middle positions thereof. The support frame 2 is in a supported state. As a result, by pushing and pulling the operation wire 5 from the proximal end side of the flexible sheath 1, the link mechanism 4 is activated, and the pair of forceps cups 7 opens and closes forward about the support shaft 6. do. In FIG. 1, a state in which the pair of forceps cups 7 are opened to the maximum and a state in which the pair of forceps cups 7 are closed is illustrated by two-dot chain lines. It should be noted that a simpler mechanism or the like may be used instead of the pantograph-like link mechanism 4.

  As shown in FIG. 2 which is a perspective view of the most distal portion of the biopsy forceps for endoscope, and FIG. 3 which is a single perspective view of only one forceps cup 7, a portion near the tip of each forceps cup 7 ( For example, a cutout hole 10 having a shape cut out from the side of the opening edge 8 is formed in the side wall portion of the region excluding the entire length of the forceps cup 7 (a range from about one quarter to one half from the tip). Has been. The notch hole 10 of this embodiment is formed so as to have a substantially oval shape when the pair of forceps cups 7 are closed, and the two notch holes 10 are combined, and is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4 which is a cross-sectional view taken along a line, both the cutout holes 10 are connected to form one hole. However, the cutout hole 10 may have other shapes.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in a region closer to the distal end than the notch hole 10 of each forceps cup 7, a blade 11 for severing a living tissue is formed on the opening edge 8, and the notch of the forceps cup 7 is notched. In the region closer to the rear end than the hole 10, the peripheral portions 12 of the opening edges of the pair of forceps cups 7 are formed so as to approach each other when the pair of forceps cups 7 are closed.

  As a result, if the pair of forceps cups 7 are fully opened and the tissue is sandwiched between them, then the tissue is torn by the blade 11 formed on the opening edge 8 of the distal portion of the forceps cup 7, As shown in FIG. 5, a tissue specimen 30 is collected in the forceps cup 7, and at this time, the tissue outside the width of the forceps cup 7 connected to the tissue collected in the forceps cup 7 is cut out. Collected in a state of protruding. Such a protruding portion of the tissue is not cut off by the blade 11, but when the flexible sheath 1 is pulled from the proximal end side with the forceps cup 7 closed, the tissue is torn off from the mucosal surface or the like. To the forceps cup 7 side.

  FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-section of the tissue specimen 30 thus collected along the opening edge 8 of the forceps cup 7. In the region on the rear end side of the forceps cup 7, a pair of forceps cups 7 is illustrated. Since the peripheral portions 12 of the opening edge are close to each other when they are closed, the tissue specimen 30 does not protrude rearward, and the opening / closing operation of the forceps cup 7 is not hindered.

  7 and 8 are a perspective view of a single forceps cup 7 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and a side sectional view of a distal end portion of an endoscopic biopsy forceps in which the forceps cup 7 is used. In addition, a through hole (escape hole) 14 is provided at the back of the forceps cup 7 so that a tissue specimen collected in the forceps cup 7 protrudes outward from the through hole 14. By doing so, a larger tissue sample can be collected.

The side sectional view of the tip part of the biopsy forceps for endoscopes of the 1st embodiment of the present invention. The perspective view of the most advanced part of the biopsy forceps for endoscopes of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view of the single body of the forceps cup of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the state cut | disconnected by the AA line shown by FIG. 2 of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the state from which the tissue specimen of the 1st Embodiment of this invention was extract | collected (sectional drawing equivalent to the state cut | disconnected by the AA line shown by FIG. 2). Sectional drawing of the state from which the tissue specimen of the 1st Embodiment of this invention was extract | collected (sectional drawing of the state cut | disconnected along the opening edge of the forceps cup shown by FIG. 3). The perspective view of the simple substance of the forceps cup of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Side surface sectional drawing of the front-end | tip part of the biopsy forceps for endoscopes of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Flexible sheath 5 ... Operation wire 7 ... Forceps cup 8 ... Opening edge 10 ... Notch hole 11 ... Blade 12 ... Peripheral part

Claims (1)

A pair of forceps cups arranged at the distal end of the flexible sheath to be inserted into and removed from the treatment instrument guide tube of the endoscope with the opening edges facing each other is provided from the rear end side of the flexible sheath. In an endoscopic biopsy forceps that is provided to open and close by operation and collects biological tissue ,
A cutout hole with a shape cut out from the opening edge side is formed on the side wall portion of the region excluding the vicinity of the distal end portion of each forceps cup. When the pair of forceps cups are closed, both cutout holes are aligned. It is formed in one substantially oval hole so as to sandwich the living tissue protruding from the forceps cup ,
In the region closer to the tip than the notch hole of each forceps cup, a blade is formed at the opening edge portion of each forceps cup,
Wherein in said notch rear end region than the hole of the forceps cup, state in a state where the pair of forcep cups are closed, opposite peripheral portions to each other of the opening edge of the pair of forceps cups to contact A biopsy forceps for an endoscope characterized by being formed in the above.

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