JP5112381B2 - Rotating electric machine for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicular rotating electrical machine mounted on a passenger car, a truck, or the like.

In order to respond to market needs due to the recent tightening of fuel efficiency regulations and CO ₂ emission reduction regulations for environmental problems, and rising crude oil prices, some vehicle categories have an idle stop function that stops the engine during a pause such as waiting for a signal. Vehicles equipped are beginning to spread.

  As one of means for performing this idle stop, a motor function is added to a vehicle alternator, and a motor / generator that combines a starter motor for starting an engine after a temporary stop and a power generation function for generating power are combined. A so-called ISG (Integrated Starter Generator) or MG (Motor Generator) is used. In addition to the starting torque characteristics for restarting the engine, the functions required for the rotating electrical machine that performs idle stop are not only high in the power generation characteristics during driving due to the increase in electric load accompanying the recent electronics conversion of automobiles. There is a demand for higher efficiency and higher output. Further, in terms of structure, there is a growing need for a compact rotating electrical machine in which the rotating electrical machine main body and the power converter are integrated.

  As a structure in which a rotating electrical machine body such as ISG or MG that performs an idle stop operation and a power converter have an integrated structure, a structure in which a power converter is mounted on the rear side of the rotating electrical machine body is conventionally known ( For example, see Patent Document 1.)

JP 2004-156589 A (page 9-14, FIG. 1-12)

  By the way, in the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the brush is disposed in a substantially sealed space, there is a problem that the amount of heat released by convective heat transfer of air around the brush is small and the brush temperature rises. It was. In particular, the air introduced into the resin cover through the air suction hole provided in the resin cover reaches the brush holder after passing through the heat sink of the inverter and then reaches the brush holder. Is considered low.

  The present invention was created in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a vehicular rotating electrical machine capable of reducing the temperature of a brush.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a rotating electrical machine for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a rotating shaft having a pair of slip rings electrically connected to a field winding and a cooling fixed to an axial end surface on the slip ring side. A rotor including a fan, a stator core disposed opposite to the rotor and a stator winding mounted on the stator core, and a frame that supports the rotor and the stator; A brush device that houses a pair of brushes in sliding contact with the slip ring and covers the slip ring, and a semiconductor element connected to the stator winding, converts the AC electromotive force induced in the stator winding into direct current. A power converter that performs at least one of an operation and an operation of converting DC power stored in the battery into AC and supplying the stator winding to the stator winding, a rear cover that covers the power converter, and a partition member that separates the rear A cooling air introduction passage that communicates between the external space of the bar and the brush device, and the brush device is provided at a first opening provided on the cooling fan side and on one end side of the cooling air introduction passage. And a second opening.

  Since the cooling air can be introduced from the external space through the cooling air introduction path partitioned by the partition member and guided to the internal space of the brush device, the brush is directly connected with the cooling air whose temperature is not increased by other parts. It can be cooled and the brush temperature can be lowered. Further, by providing the brush device with the opening on the cooling fan side, the cooling air can be forced to flow into the internal space of the brush device, and the temperature of the brush can be effectively lowered.

In addition, a third opening is provided in the axial end face of the rear cover described above, and the cooling air introduction path communicates between the third opening and the second opening . Thereby, the cooling air sucked from the rear side of the rear cover can be guided to the internal space of the brush device without causing a temperature rise due to heat generated by the power converter or the like.

  In addition, it is desirable that the second opening described above is formed on the axial end surface opposite to the first opening. Accordingly, the cooling air can be directly introduced into the internal space of the brush device from the cooling air introduction path disposed on the rear side of the brush device.

In addition, the third opening is provided at a position lower than the second opening in a state where it is attached to the vehicle . Thereby, it can prevent that rainwater etc. penetrate | invade into the internal space of a brush apparatus via a cooling wind introduction path.

The cooling air introduction path described above includes a first passage parallel to the ground and having a second opening as one end, a second passage parallel to the ground and having a third opening as one end, A third passage provided in a direction perpendicular to the ground that communicates the other ends of the first and second passages, and the ground side of the third passage is extended to communicate with the external space of the rear cover. Let This makes it possible to drain rainwater or the like that has entered from the opening (third opening) of the rear cover to the outside of the rear cover before reaching the brush device.

  In addition, a plurality of plate-like fins arranged radially around the rotation shaft so as to surround the brush device in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft described above are brought into contact with each other. The cooling air introduction path is further formed by using plate-like fins and the power converter as partition members, and the cooling air introduction path is formed in the vicinity of the outer periphery thereof. It is desirable to communicate between the opening and the second opening. Thereby, the cooling air suck | inhaled from the side surface direction of the brush apparatus can be guide | induced to the internal space of a brush apparatus, without passing between power converters.

  The second opening described above is preferably formed on a side surface parallel to the rotation axis. Thereby, the cooling air can be directly introduced into the internal space of the brush device from the cooling air introduction path formed in the side surface direction of the brush device.

  Moreover, it is desirable that no semiconductor element is disposed in the region of the power converter used as the partition member that forms the cooling air introduction path described above. As a result, the heat transmitted from the semiconductor element provided in the power converter to the cooling air in the cooling air introduction path can be minimized, and the temperature of the cooling air can be prevented from rising.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the motor generator for vehicles of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the motor generator for vehicles of a 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view of a power converter and a cooling fin. It is a perspective view of a cooling fin. It is a perspective view of a brush apparatus. It is a perspective view of a brush apparatus. It is a perspective view of a rear cover. It is a perspective view of a cooling air introduction path. It is a perspective view of a cooling air introduction path. It is explanatory drawing of the flow of the cooling air inside a brush apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the motor generator for vehicles of reference embodiment. It is sectional drawing of a brush apparatus. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a cooling fin and a brush apparatus. It is a cross-sectional view including a cooling fin and a brush device. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of a power converter and a cooling wind introduction path.

  Hereinafter, a motor generator for a vehicle according to an embodiment to which the rotating electrical machine for a vehicle of the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the vehicular motor generator according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the vehicular motor generator according to the first embodiment. A motor generator 100 for a vehicle according to this embodiment includes a front frame 1, a rear frame 2, a stator 3, a rotor 4, a power converter 5, a cooling fin 6, a brush device 7, a control device 8, a rear cover 9, and cooling air. An introduction path 10, a pulley 12 and the like are included.

  The front frame 1 and the rear frame 2 are for supporting the rotor 4 and the stator 3, both have a hook shape, and the stator 3 is sandwiched with these openings facing each other. They are fixed to each other by a plurality of bolts.

  The stator 3 includes a stator core 31 disposed opposite to the rotor 4 and a stator winding 32 provided on the stator core 31.

  The rotor 4 includes a field winding 41 and a rotating shaft 44 that magnetize pole cores 42 and 43 as field poles, and a pair of housings housed in bearing boxes provided on the front frame 1 and the rear frame 2 respectively. It is held rotatably by the bearing. Cooling fans 45 and 46 are attached to the axial end surfaces of the pole cores 42 and 43. The pulley 12 is coupled to the front end of the rotating shaft 44 by a nut. Further, a pair of slip rings 47 and 48 connected to both ends of the field winding 41 are provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft 44 located outside the rear frame 2.

  The power converter 5 is connected to the stator winding 32, converts the AC electromotive force induced in the stator winding 32 to DC, and converts the DC power stored in the battery into AC and fixes it. At least one of the operations to be supplied to the child winding 32 is performed. The cooling fin 6 is a position that surrounds the slip rings 47 and 48 and the brush device 7 and is disposed between the rear frame 2 and the power converter 5, and cools the power converter 5. In the brush device 7, a brush holder that houses a pair of brushes that are in sliding contact with the slip rings 47 and 48 and a slip ring cover that covers the slip rings 47 and 48 are integrated. Note that the brush holder and the slip ring cover may be integrated with each other when they are integrally formed or when they are formed separately. However, the air tightness of the internal space of the brush device 7 can be maintained. Any structure may be adopted. The control device 8 performs control for causing the vehicle motor generator 100 to perform a power generation operation or an electric operation.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the power converter 5 and the cooling fin 6 and shows a shape viewed from the power converter 5 side. 3 also shows the cooling air introduction path 10, the details of the cooling air introduction path 10 will be described later. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cooling fin 6 and shows a state in which the state combined with the brush device 7 is viewed from the rear frame 2 side.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the power converter 5 includes a metal substrate 51 and a plurality of semiconductor elements 52 arranged on the metal substrate 51 via wiring layers and insulating layers. The plurality of semiconductor elements 52 includes an inverter that performs an operation for converting the AC electromotive force induced in the stator winding 32 into a direct current, and the DC power stored in the battery into an alternating current to convert the stator winding 32 into an alternating current. The switching element is a MOS-FET that constitutes a three-phase bridge circuit having both functions of a synchronous rectifier circuit that performs an operation of supplying to the circuit.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the cooling fin 6 has a plurality of plate-like fins 61 arranged radially around the rotation shaft 44, and the plurality of plate-like fins 61 are the brush device 7. It is arranged in the space excluding. In the vicinity of the outer periphery of the cooling fin 6, a cooling air suction window 62 (see FIGS. 2 and 3, the cooling air suction window 62 corresponds to a fourth opening of a second embodiment described later) is formed. Yes. When the cooling fan 46 on the rear side rotates together with the rotor 4, a negative pressure is generated on the inner peripheral side of the cooling fan 46, so that the cooling air is sucked from the cooling air intake window 62 and a plurality of plate-like fins arranged radially. The cooling air flows along the inner peripheral side 61 along this, and the plate-like fins 61 are thereby cooled. In this way, the metal substrate 51 disposed so as to contact the cooling fin 6 is cooled, and the semiconductor element 52 disposed on the metal substrate 51 is cooled.

  Next, the details of the cooling structure of the brush device 7 will be described. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the brush device 7 and shows a shape viewed from the rear side (rear cover 9 side). FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the brush device 7 and shows a shape viewed from the front side (cooling fan 45 side). As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the brush device 7 has an opening (second opening) 71 for introducing cooling air on the rear side, and an opening (first opening) for discharging cooling air on the front side. ) 72).

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the rear cover 9. As shown in FIG. 7, the rear cover 9 has an opening (third opening) 91 on the end surface in the axial direction, and an opening 92 on the side surface. The opening 92 is provided in the ground direction (ground side) in a state where the vehicle motor generator 100 is attached to the vehicle.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the cooling air introduction path 10 and shows a state where it is disposed between the brush device 7 and the rear cover 9. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the cooling air introduction path 10 and shows a connection state with the brush device 7. As shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 1, the cooling air introduction path 10 is partitioned by a partition member (for example, a partition member formed in a cylindrical shape by a resin material is used), and the rear cover 9 and The first and second passages 14 and 15 are provided to form a ventilation passage for cooling air by communicating with the brush device 7 and are parallel to the ground when attached to the vehicle. And a third passage 16 that is perpendicular to the ground.

  The first passage 14 has one end connected to the rear-side opening 71 of the brush device 7 and the other end connected to one end of the third passage 16. The third passage 16 has one end connected to the first passage 14 and the other end connected to the opening 92 on the side surface of the rear cover 9. The second passage 15 has one end connected to the opening 91 on the axial end surface of the rear cover 9 and the other end connected to an intermediate position of the third passage 16.

  Thus, the rear opening 71 of the brush device 7 communicates with the two openings 91 and 92 of the rear cover 9 via the cooling air introduction path 10. When the cooling fan 46 on the rear side rotates together with the rotor 4 and a negative pressure is generated on the inner peripheral side of the cooling fan 46, the opening 72 of the brush device 7 is exposed at this negative pressure portion. The cooling air sucked from the openings 91 and 92 is directly guided to the opening 71 of the brush device 7 through the cooling air introduction path 10 without cooling other components (the power converter 5 and the control device 8). . Therefore, the brushes 73 and 74 and the slip rings 47 and 48 exposed in the internal space of the brush device 7 can be directly cooled as indicated by the arrows in FIG.

  Even if rainwater or the like enters from the opening 91 provided on the axial end surface of the rear cover 9, the rainwater or the like passes through the second passage 15 and reaches the third passage 16. 3 passes through the passage 16 in the vertical direction toward the ground and is discharged from an opening 92 provided on the side surface of the rear cover 9. Therefore, rainwater or the like that has entered the cooling air introduction path 10 from the opening 91 does not reach the brush device 7, and the brushes 73 and 74 and the slip rings 47 and 48 can be prevented from getting wet.

( Reference embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, the brush device 7 is formed by using the opening 71 provided on the rear side of the brush device 7 and the cooling air introduction path 10 provided between the opening 71 and the rear cover 9. However, the cooling air may be introduced into the internal space of the brush device 7 through another path.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the vehicular motor generator according to the reference embodiment. The motor generator 100A for vehicle shown in FIG. 11 is mainly different from the motor generator 100 for vehicle shown in FIG. 1 and the like in that the cooling air introduction path 10 is deleted and the brush device 7 is replaced with the brush device 7A. Is different.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the brush device 7A. The brush device 7A according to the present embodiment has no rear-side opening and is closed with respect to the brush device 7 according to the first embodiment, and an opening 75 is formed on the side surface. The opening 75 communicates with the internal space of the brush device 7 </ b> A through the passage 76. In addition, two (or three or more) partition plates 77 protrude from the opposite sides of the passage 76, and a labyrinth structure is formed by these partition plates 77.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cooling fins 6 and the brush device 7A. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view including the cooling fin 6 and the brush device 7A. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the opening 75 on the side surface of the brush device 7 </ b> A is exposed to the inner peripheral side of some plate-like fins 61 provided in the cooling fin 6. In the present embodiment, the cooling air introduction path is partitioned by a part of the plate-like fins 61 located on the outer peripheral side of the opening 75 and the metal substrate 51 of the power converter 5 adjacent to these plate-like fins 61. It is formed. As shown in FIG. 15, a region A where the semiconductor element 52 is not formed is used as a region of the metal substrate 51 used for partitioning the cooling air introduction path.

  In this way, by introducing the cooling air through the cooling air introduction path formed in the side surface direction of the brush device 7A, the cooling air is supplied to the internal space of the brush device 7A without passing between the power converters 5 and the like. Can lead. Further, since the semiconductor element 52 is not disposed in the region of the metal substrate 51 used as a partition member for forming the cooling air introduction path, the semiconductor element 52 provided in the power converter 5 is changed to the cooling air in the cooling air introduction path. The transmitted heat can be minimized and the temperature of the cooling air can be prevented from rising.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation implementation is possible within the range of the summary of this invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the vehicular motor generator that performs the electric operation and the power generation operation has been described. However, the present invention can be applied to a vehicular rotating electrical machine that performs only the electric operation or the electric power generation operation.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the cooling air can be introduced from the external space through the cooling air introduction path partitioned by the partition member and guided to the internal space of the brush device. The brush can be directly cooled by the cooling air that has not risen, and the brush temperature can be lowered. Further, by providing the brush device with the opening on the cooling fan side, the cooling air can be forced to flow into the internal space of the brush device, and the temperature of the brush can be effectively lowered.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Front frame 2 Rear frame 3 Stator 4 Rotor 5 Power converter 6 Cooling fin 7 Brush apparatus 8 Control apparatus 9 Rear cover 10 Cooling air introduction path 12 Pulley 14 1st path 15 2nd path 16 3rd path 31 Stator core 32 Stator winding 42, 43 Pole core 41 Field winding 44 Rotating shaft 45, 46 Cooling fan 47, 48 Slip ring 51 Metal substrate 52 Semiconductor element 61 Plate fin 62 Cooling air suction window 71, 72, 91 , 92 Opening 100 Motor generator for vehicle

Claims (2)

A rotor including a rotating shaft having a pair of slip rings electrically connected to a field winding, and a cooling fan fixed to an axial end surface on the slip ring side;
A stator having a stator core disposed opposite to the rotor, and a stator winding mounted on the stator core;
A frame that supports the rotor and the stator;
A brush device that houses a pair of brushes in sliding contact with the slip ring and covers the slip ring;
A semiconductor element connected to the stator winding, the operation for converting the AC electromotive force induced in the stator winding into a direct current, and the direct current power stored in the battery is converted into an alternating current and the fixed A power converter that performs at least one of operations to be supplied to the child winding;
A rear cover covering the power converter;
A cooling air introduction path that is partitioned by a partition member and communicates between the outer space of the rear cover and the brush device;
Wherein the brush device, possess a first opening provided in the cooling fan side, and a second opening provided at one end of said cooling air introduction path,
A third opening is provided on the axial end surface of the rear cover,
The cooling air introduction path communicates between the third opening and the second opening,
In the state attached to the vehicle, the third opening is provided at a position lower than the second opening,
The cooling air introduction path includes a first passage that is parallel to the ground and has one end of the second opening, a second passage that is parallel to the ground and has the third opening is one end, A third passage provided in a vertical direction with respect to the ground connecting the other ends of the first and second passages,
A rotating electrical machine for a vehicle, wherein a ground side of the third passage is extended to communicate with an external space of the rear cover . In claim 1,
The vehicular rotating electrical machine, wherein the second opening is formed on an axial end surface opposite to the first opening.

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