JP4989189B2 - Tsunami disaster prevention structure - Google Patents

Tsunami disaster prevention structure Download PDF

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JP4989189B2
JP4989189B2 JP2006299065A JP2006299065A JP4989189B2 JP 4989189 B2 JP4989189 B2 JP 4989189B2 JP 2006299065 A JP2006299065 A JP 2006299065A JP 2006299065 A JP2006299065 A JP 2006299065A JP 4989189 B2 JP4989189 B2 JP 4989189B2
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slit
hollow
tsunami
wave
period
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JP2008115588A (en
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浩一朗 安野
剛 西畑
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Penta Ocean Construction Co Ltd
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本願発明は津波防災構造物に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a tsunami disaster prevention structure.

津波は周期が長く、一時的に水位が上昇する現象に近いため低水位(低水深)で高波浪が来襲した場合の衝撃砕波力が発生する可能性は少ない。そこで津波災害を軽減する津波防災構造物としては防波堤、護岸、防潮堤などが構築される。これらはいずれも津波防壁を構築するものであり、一般的には防壁が高いほど効果を発揮するものと考えられている。この防波堤および護岸は、海底に構築したケーソン、鋼管矢板などの基礎の上に堤体を形成して構築されている。またその他の津波防災構造物としては、例えば、特開2006−70536号公報および特開平5−79023号公報の発明がある。
特開2006−70536号公報 特開平5−79023号公報
Tsunamis have a long period and are close to a phenomenon in which the water level rises temporarily. Therefore, there is little possibility of generating an impact wave breaking force when a high wave strikes at low water level (low water depth). Therefore, breakwaters, seawalls, seawalls, etc. are constructed as tsunami disaster prevention structures to reduce tsunami disasters. All of these construct a tsunami barrier and are generally considered to be more effective as the barrier is higher. This breakwater and revetment are constructed by forming a dam body on the foundation of caisson, steel pipe sheet pile, etc. built on the seabed. Other tsunami disaster prevention structures include, for example, the inventions of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-70536 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-79023.
JP 2006-70536 A JP-A-5-79023

しかし、防壁の高い津波防災構造物を構築すると大断面で大型化するために、景観に悪い影響を与えるという問題があった。特に、既存の防波堤などを嵩上げする場合は、基礎構造の補強などを行う必要もある。   However, when a tsunami disaster prevention structure with a high barrier is constructed, the structure is enlarged with a large cross section, which has a problem of adversely affecting the landscape. In particular, when raising an existing breakwater or the like, it is necessary to reinforce the foundation structure.

本願発明は上記のような問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は低天端で、かつ景観にも影響を与えない津波防災構造物を提供することである。   This invention is made | formed in view of the above problems, The objective is to provide the tsunami disaster prevention structure which does not affect a landscape at a low-top end.

以上の課題を解決するための津波防災構造物は、堤体の上面に前壁と後壁と上壁とからなる中空堤体が形成され、該中空堤体内にはフロートの上面に立設された昇降板が内蔵され、前記中空堤体の前壁には流入用スリットが開口され、該流入用スリットからの波の流入によって前記フロート及び昇降板を上昇させて前記上壁から前記昇降板を突出させる昇降口が当該上壁に開口されてなり、前記流入用スリットは、波浪周期(s)が20s以上の長周期の波を前記中空堤体内に流入させるために、その大きさがLnを各流入用スリットの幅寸法とし、Lを函体延長の長さ寸法として、開口率(R)=ΣLn/Lと、前記堤体の上面から縦方向の高さであるスリットの高さAとを、0.15≦R≦0.5で0.15m≦A≦0.3mとしたことである。 In the tsunami disaster prevention structure for solving the above problems, a hollow levee body including a front wall, a rear wall and an upper wall is formed on the upper surface of the dam body, and the hollow dam body is erected on the upper surface of the float. An inflow slit is opened in the front wall of the hollow levee body, and the float and the elevating plate are raised by the inflow of waves from the inflow slit so that the elevating plate is moved from the upper wall. A lift opening is formed in the upper wall, and the inflow slit has a size of Ln so that a long-period wave having a wave period (s) of 20 s or more flows into the hollow levee body. The width dimension of each inflow slit, L the length dimension of the box extension, the aperture ratio (R) = ΣLn / L, and the slit height A that is the height in the vertical direction from the top surface of the bank body 0.15 ≦ R ≦ 0.5 and 0.15 m ≦ A ≦ 0.3 m A.

津波防災構造物に作用する短周期の高波浪は、中空堤体の前壁で反射されて流入用スリットから中空堤体内に僅かしか流入しないため、中空堤体内の内部水位と外部水位とに位相差が生じて昇降板を上昇させることができない。一方、長周期の津波は流入用スリットから中空堤体内に流入して昇降板を上昇させて上壁から突出するため、この昇降板によって津波を軽減させることができる。このように昇降板が短周期の高波浪では上昇せずに、長周期の津波が作用した場合にのみ上昇するため、景観への影響を極力避けることができるとともに、従来の防壁の高い大断面の津波防災構造物と比べても小規模な構造にすることができる。   Short-period high waves acting on the tsunami disaster prevention structure are reflected by the front wall of the hollow levee body and flow into the hollow levee body only slightly from the inflow slit. A phase difference occurs and the lift plate cannot be raised. On the other hand, since a long-period tsunami flows into the hollow levee through the slit for inflow and raises the lift plate and protrudes from the upper wall, the lift plate can reduce the tsunami. In this way, the lifting plate does not rise in short-period high waves, but rises only when a long-period tsunami acts, so that it is possible to avoid the influence on the landscape as much as possible, and a large large section of the conventional barrier Compared to other tsunami disaster prevention structures, the structure can be made smaller.

以下、本願発明の津波防災構造物の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。この津波防災構造物は津波の来襲時にのみ昇降板が上昇して(それ以外は上昇せず)津波を防ぐことにより居住空間への浸入を防ぐというものである。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a tsunami disaster prevention structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. This tsunami disaster prevention structure is designed to prevent the intrusion into the living space by preventing the tsunami by raising and lowering the lift plate only during the tsunami attack (otherwise it does not rise).

津波防災構造物1は、図1に示すように、堤体2の上部に形成された中空堤体3と、該中空堤体3に内蔵された昇降板4とから構成され、該中空堤体3の前壁5には長周期の波を流入させる流入用スリット6が開口されるとともに、中空堤体3の上壁7には昇降板4を上昇させる昇降口8が開口されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the tsunami disaster prevention structure 1 is composed of a hollow dam body 3 formed on an upper portion of a dam body 2 and a lifting plate 4 built in the hollow dam body 3. An inflow slit 6 for allowing a long-period wave to flow in is opened in the front wall 5, and an elevating port 8 for elevating the elevating plate 4 is opened in the upper wall 7 of the hollow bank 3.

この堤体2は海底に設置された基礎上に構築されており、波と対向する方向に適宜長さ(例えば2、3km)延びている。また、この堤体2は新規に構築されたものに限らず、既存の防波堤または護岸であってもよい。   The dam body 2 is constructed on a foundation installed on the seabed, and extends a length (for example, a few kilometers) in a direction opposite to the waves. Moreover, this levee body 2 is not limited to a newly constructed one, but may be an existing breakwater or revetment.

一方、この堤体2の上面に形成された中空堤体3は、堤体2の前側に立設された前壁5と、該前壁5から適宜間隔をもって堤体2の後側に立設された後壁9と、これらの前壁5と後壁9とを上側で連結した上壁7とから構成されている。   On the other hand, the hollow dam body 3 formed on the upper surface of the dam body 2 is erected on the front wall 5 standing on the front side of the dam body 2 and on the rear side of the dam body 2 with an appropriate interval from the front wall 5. The rear wall 9 is formed, and the front wall 5 and the rear wall 9 are connected to each other on the upper side.

この前壁5には、周期の長い波、即ち、図9に示すように、波浪周期(s)が10(s)〜20(s)の常時波浪(風、うねり)、波浪周期が20(s)〜180(s)の長周期波、波浪周期が180(s)以上の津波・高潮、において、波浪周期が20(s)以上の長周期の波を中空堤体3内に流入させる流入用スリット6が、堤体2の上面から縦方向の高さAで、かつ横方向(長さ方向)に適宜間隔をもって開口されている。また、この流入用スリット6は、Lnを各流入用スリットの幅寸法とし、Lを函体延長の長さ寸法として、開口率(図5参照)(R=ΣLn/L)とスリット高さAとによって大きさが決定されることにより、中空堤体3内に流入する波の種類(周期別による種類)を調整するものであり、周期の長い波(波浪周期20s以上)は中空堤体3内に流入させるが、周期の短い常時波浪などは前壁5で反射させて中空堤体3に流入させない大きさになっている。したがって、後述する中空堤体3内の昇降板4は周期の短い常時波浪では上昇しないが、周期の長い異常時波浪で上昇するようになっている。 On the front wall 5, a wave having a long period, that is, as shown in FIG. 9, a constant wave (wind, swell) having a wave period (s) of 10 (s) to 20 (s) and a wave period of 20 ( s) to 180 (s) long-period waves, tsunamis and storm surges with a wave period of 180 (s) or more, and an inflow that causes a long-period wave with a wave period of 20 (s) or more to flow into the hollow dam body 3 The slits 6 are opened from the upper surface of the bank body 2 at a height A in the vertical direction and at an appropriate interval in the horizontal direction (length direction). The inflow slit 6 has an opening ratio (see FIG. 5) (R = ΣLn / L) and a slit height A, where Ln is the width dimension of each inflow slit, L is the length dimension of the box extension . The size of the wave is adjusted by adjusting the type of the wave flowing into the hollow levee body 3 (the type depending on the period). Although it is allowed to flow into the inside, the waves always having a short cycle are reflected by the front wall 5 and do not flow into the hollow dam body 3. Therefore, the elevating plate 4 in the hollow dam body 3 to be described later does not rise due to a constant wave with a short cycle, but rises due to an abnormal wave with a long cycle.

また中空堤体3の上壁7の後側には長さ方向に沿って昇降口8が開口され、この昇降口8を昇降板4が昇降するようになっている。この昇降口8は上壁7の長さ方向の全長にわたって連続的に開口され、ここから昇降板4が一斉に上昇して上壁7から適宜高さ突出するようになっている。   Further, an elevating port 8 is opened along the length direction on the rear side of the upper wall 7 of the hollow dam body 3, and the elevating plate 4 is moved up and down through the elevating port 8. The lift 8 is continuously opened over the entire length in the length direction of the upper wall 7, and the lift plate 4 rises all at once from the upper wall 7 so as to protrude appropriately from the upper wall 7.

また中空堤体3に内蔵された昇降板4は、平面矩形状のフロート10の上面後部側に立設され、昇降板4の上部が昇降口8に挿入されている。そして、この昇降口8が昇降板4のガイドになってスムーズに昇降できるようになっている。これは昇降板4がフロート10の後部側に立設されてバランスが悪く、昇降時に昇降板4の重さで傾くのを防ぐためであり、上部が昇降口8に挿入されることによって、バランスの悪さを解消してフロートが水平に上昇するようになっている。また昇降板4の前後面または昇降口8の内周面の少なくとも一方に滑り材が塗布されて昇降板4の昇降を円滑にしている。また昇降板4をフロート10の後部側に立設させたのは、前面側に立設した場合よりも津波の進入を効果的に防いで軽減させるためである。したがって、津波が来襲しない通常時には昇降板4は、図1に示すように、中空堤体3内に内蔵された状態であるが、津波が来襲して中空堤体3内に海水が流入した時には、図2に示すように、昇降口8を昇降して上壁7から突出して津波の進入を防ぐための適宜高さの防壁を形成する。このように昇降板4が上壁7から突出したときにはフロート10が上壁7に当接して昇降板4を支えるため、昇降板4が垂直に立設して(傾かないで)防壁を形成している。この昇降板4は、図3に示すように、津波によって一斉上昇して防壁を形成するため、堤体2が嵩上げされた状態と同じになって津波の軽減効果を高める。   The elevating plate 4 built in the hollow bank 3 is erected on the rear side of the upper surface of the flat rectangular float 10, and the upper portion of the elevating plate 4 is inserted into the elevating port 8. And this elevator 8 becomes a guide of the raising / lowering board 4, and can raise / lower smoothly. This is to prevent the lifting plate 4 from standing on the rear side of the float 10 so that the balance is poor and to prevent the lifting plate 4 from being tilted due to the weight of the lifting plate 4 during lifting. The float rises horizontally by eliminating the badness. Further, a sliding material is applied to at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the lift plate 4 or the inner peripheral surface of the lift port 8 to make the lift plate 4 smoothly move up and down. The reason why the elevating plate 4 is erected on the rear side of the float 10 is to effectively prevent and reduce the tsunami approach than when it is erected on the front side. Therefore, at the normal time when the tsunami does not hit, the lifting plate 4 is in a state of being built in the hollow dam body 3 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the elevator 8 is raised and lowered to protrude from the upper wall 7 to form a barrier wall having an appropriate height for preventing the tsunami from entering. Thus, when the lifting plate 4 protrudes from the upper wall 7, the float 10 abuts against the upper wall 7 to support the lifting plate 4, so that the lifting plate 4 stands vertically (does not tilt) to form a barrier. ing. As shown in FIG. 3, the elevating plate 4 rises all at once by a tsunami to form a barrier, so that it becomes the same as the state in which the levee body 2 is raised to enhance the tsunami mitigating effect.

次に、来襲する波浪周期に対する昇降板4の浮上応答特性を調べるために、以下の条件
で昇降板4の浮上変位に関する試計算を行った。図4および図5はその設定形状と入射波
緒元をまとめたものである。入射波周期は10〜20sの常時波浪(風波、うねり)から
20〜180sの長周期波、周期が数分(180s)以上の異常時波浪(津波、高潮)を想定して10s、20s、30s、60s、120s、180s、240sとし、波高3mにて検討した。
Next, in order to investigate the floating response characteristics of the lifting plate 4 with respect to the invading wave period, a trial calculation regarding the floating displacement of the lifting plate 4 was performed under the following conditions. 4 and 5 summarize the setting shape and the origin of the incident wave. Incident wave period is from 10 to 20 s constantly wave
Assuming abnormal waves (tsunami, storm surge) with a long period of 20 to 180 s and a period of several minutes (180 s) or more , they were set to 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 60 s, 120 s, 180 s, 240 s, and the wave height was 3 m .

また来襲波周期に対する内外水位および昇降板4の変動例を図6〜図8に示す。また流
入用スリット6の開口率(R=ΣLn/L)と、スリットの高さAを変えた場合の昇降板4の浮上率(計算最大変位/可能最大変位)を図9および図10に示す。
Moreover, the example of the fluctuation | variation of the inside / outside water level and the raising / lowering board 4 with respect to an incoming wave period is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 show the aperture ratio (R = ΣLn / L) of the inflow slit 6 and the floating ratio (calculated maximum displacement / maximum possible displacement) of the elevating plate 4 when the height A of the slit is changed. .

この結果、流入用スリット6の一定の開口率やスリットの高さAによる大きさによって、昇降板4は常時波浪に対しては浮上しない(初期変位2mで一定)が、津波や高潮に対しては100%上昇(変位2m→3m)している。このことから昇降板4が短周期(波浪周期20s以下)の波浪では上昇せずに、長周期のが作用した時にのみ上昇することを確認することができた。 As a result, due to the constant opening ratio of the inflow slit 6 and the size of the slit height A , the elevating plate 4 does not always float against the waves (constant at an initial displacement of 2 m), but against the tsunami and storm surge Is increased by 100% (displacement 2 m → 3 m). From this, it was confirmed that the lifting plate 4 did not rise in a short-period wave (wave period of 20 s or less) , but rose only when a long-period wave was applied.

よって開口率が0.1〜0.5(10〜50%)で、スリットの高さAが0.1〜0.3m(10〜30cm)の大きさの流入用スリット6のときに、津波などの長い周期の波が中空堤体3内に入り、短い周期の波は入らないことがわかる。このうちの流入用スリット6の好適な大きさは、開口率が0.15〜0.3で、スリットの高さAが0.1〜0.15mの範囲と、開口率が0.15〜0.18で、スリットの高さAが0.15〜0.2mの範囲と、開口率が0.1〜0.15で、スリットの高さAが0.15〜0.3mの範囲である。 Therefore, when the opening ratio is 0.1 to 0.5 (10 to 50%) and the slit height A is 0.1 to 0.3 m (10 to 30 cm), the inflow slit 6 has a tsunami. It can be seen that long-period waves such as enter the hollow dam body 3 and short-period waves do not enter. Among these, the preferred size of the inflow slit 6 is that the aperture ratio is 0.15 to 0.3, the height A of the slit is 0.1 to 0.15 m , and the aperture ratio is 0.15 to 0.15. 0.18, and ranges height a of the slit is 0.15~0.2M, in aperture ratio 0.1 to 0.15, the height a of the slits in the range of 0.15 to 0.3 m is there.

津波防災構造物の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a tsunami disaster prevention structure. 津波防災構造物の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a tsunami disaster prevention structure. 津波防災構造物の正面図である。It is a front view of a tsunami disaster prevention structure. (1)昇降板の浮上応答特性を調べるための津波防災構造物の断面図、(2)は同設定形状と入射波緒元をまとめた表である。(1) A cross-sectional view of a tsunami disaster prevention structure for examining the levitation response characteristics of a lifting plate, and (2) is a table summarizing the same set shape and incident wave origin. 昇降板の浮上応答特性を調べるための設定形状と入射波緒元をまとめた津波防災構造物の正面図である。It is a front view of the tsunami disaster prevention structure which put together the setting shape and incident wave origin for investigating the levitation response characteristic of an elevator board. 来襲波周期に対する内外水位および昇降板の変動例を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the example of a fluctuation | variation of the inside / outside water level and a raising / lowering board with respect to an incoming wave period. 来襲波周期に対する内外水位および昇降板の変動例を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the example of a fluctuation | variation of the inside / outside water level and a raising / lowering board with respect to an incoming wave period. 来襲波周期に対する内外水位および昇降板の変動例を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the example of a fluctuation | variation of the inside / outside water level and a raising / lowering board with respect to an incoming wave period. 流入用スリットの開口率と、高さを変えた場合の昇降板の浮上率を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the floating rate of the raising / lowering board at the time of changing the opening rate of the slit for inflow, and height. 流入用スリットの開口率と、高さを変えた場合の昇降板の浮上率を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the floating rate of the raising / lowering board at the time of changing the opening rate of the slit for inflow, and height.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 津波防災構造物
2 堤体
3 中空堤体
4 昇降板
5 前壁
6 流入用スリット
7 上壁
8 昇降口
9 後壁
10 フロート
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tsunami disaster prevention structure 2 Embankment body 3 Hollow embankment body 4 Elevating plate 5 Front wall 6 Inlet slit 7 Upper wall 8 Elevating port 9 Rear wall 10 Float

Claims (1)

堤体の上面に前壁と後壁と上壁とからなる中空堤体が形成され、該中空堤体内にはフロ
ートの上面に立設された昇降板が内蔵され、前記中空堤体の前壁には流入用スリットが開口され、該流入用スリットからの波の流入によって前記フロート及び昇降板を上昇させて前記上壁から前記昇降板を突出させる昇降口が当該上壁に開口されてなり、
前記流入用スリットは、波浪周期(s)が20s以上の長周期の波を前記中空堤体内に流入させるために、その大きさがLnを各流入用スリットの幅寸法とし、Lを函体延長の長さ寸法として、開口率(R)=ΣLn/Lと、前記堤体の上面から縦方向の高さであるスリットの高さAとを、0.15≦R≦0.5で0.15m≦A≦0.3mとしたこと、
を特徴とする津波防災構造物。
A hollow levee body composed of a front wall, a rear wall, and an upper wall is formed on the upper surface of the levee body, and a lifting plate standing on the upper surface of the float is built in the hollow dam body, and the front wall of the hollow dam body An inflow slit is opened, and an elevating port for raising the float and the elevating plate by the inflow of waves from the inflow slit to project the elevating plate from the upper wall is opened in the upper wall,
The inflow slit has a size Ln as a width dimension of each inflow slit, and L is a box extension in order to allow a long-period wave having a wave period (s) of 20 s or more to flow into the hollow levee body. As for the length dimension, the opening ratio (R) = ΣLn / L and the height A of the slit, which is the height in the vertical direction from the upper surface of the bank body, are 0.15 ≦ R ≦ 0.5. 15 m ≦ A ≦ 0.3 m,
Tsunami disaster prevention structure characterized by
JP2006299065A 2006-11-02 2006-11-02 Tsunami disaster prevention structure Expired - Fee Related JP4989189B2 (en)

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JP5291611B2 (en) * 2009-12-22 2013-09-18 大成建設株式会社 Equipment to prevent high flooding
JP5664888B1 (en) * 2014-06-25 2015-02-04 株式会社 林物産発明研究所 Embankment rising when the water rises
JP2018203360A (en) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-27 Fsテクニカル株式会社 Auxiliary facility of tank

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JPH08284139A (en) * 1995-04-10 1996-10-29 Nippon Steel Corp Automatic lifting-lowering type levee body
JP2006070536A (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-16 Penta Ocean Constr Co Ltd Movable breakwater for countermeasure against seismic sea wave/high tide
JP2007126945A (en) * 2005-11-07 2007-05-24 Kobe Steel Ltd Movable wall type dam body

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