JP4921882B2 - Cerebrovascular diagnostic device and medical image diagnostic device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus for detecting an abnormal portion of a cerebral blood vessel and a medical image diagnostic apparatus including the cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus.

Conventionally, various techniques for detecting an abnormal part (stenosis part, tumor part, etc.) from a three-dimensional blood vessel image such as a cerebral blood vessel acquired by an X-ray CT apparatus or an MRI apparatus have been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a feature amount (for example, a blood vessel diameter) in a three-dimensional blood vessel image is detected, and this feature amount is compared with a known blood vessel feature amount without any abnormality in advance. The part is detected.
JP 2004-329929 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-198708

  Here, in the conventional technique, since the entire three-dimensional blood vessel image is traced in order to detect an abnormal site from the blood vessel image, the processing time tends to be long. Further, since the conventional technique does not associate the blood vessel with the corresponding function of the blood vessel, the abnormal part of the blood vessel can be detected, but the future onset tendency and symptom due to the abnormal part can be detected. However, it is difficult to predict, and such a prediction can only be predicted by a doctor or the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in particular, by efficiently detecting an abnormal site in the cerebral blood vessel and associating the cerebral blood vessel with a brain function, the future onset from the abnormal site in the cerebral blood vessel It is an object of the present invention to provide a cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus capable of predicting even a tendency and a medical image diagnostic apparatus including such a cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, a cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a head image dividing unit that divides a three-dimensional head image including a cerebral blood vessel for each brain function, and for each brain function. An abnormality detecting means for extracting a cerebral blood vessel image from the divided three-dimensional head image, detecting an image of an abnormal part of the cerebral blood vessel from the extracted cerebral blood vessel image, and the detected abnormal part image and the abnormal part Display means for displaying the supplementary information in a visually recognizable manner, prediction means for predicting the onset tendency due to the abnormal part based on the detected spatial position information of the abnormal part, an image of the abnormal part, and the abnormal part It comprises information output means for outputting incidental information and information on the onset tendency.

  In order to achieve the above object, a medical image diagnostic apparatus according to claim 9 of the present invention includes an imaging unit that images a head of a subject to generate a three-dimensional head image including a cerebral blood vessel, A head image dividing means for dividing the three-dimensional head image for each brain function; a cerebral blood vessel image is extracted from the three-dimensional head image divided for each brain function; and a cerebral blood vessel abnormality is extracted from the extracted cerebral blood vessel image An abnormality detecting means for detecting an image of the part; a predicting means for predicting an onset tendency due to the abnormal part based on the positional information of the detected abnormal part; an image of the abnormal part; and incidental information relating to the abnormal part; And an information output means for outputting information on the onset tendency.

  According to the cerebral blood vessel diagnostic device according to claim 1 and the medical image diagnostic device according to claim 9, it is possible to efficiently detect an abnormal site in the cerebral blood vessel by dividing the three-dimensional head image for each brain function. Is possible. Furthermore, it is possible to output information on the future onset tendency from the information output means by detecting an abnormal part in the cerebral blood vessel from the three-dimensional head image divided for each brain function.

  According to the present invention, in particular, a cerebral blood vessel that can efficiently detect a cerebral vascular disorder and associate a cerebral blood vessel with a cerebral function to predict from an abnormal site in the cerebral blood vessel to a future onset tendency. A diagnostic apparatus and a medical image diagnostic apparatus provided with such a cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus can be provided.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an X-ray CT apparatus as an example of a medical image diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. An X-ray CT apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 mainly includes a gantry unit 10 and a computer apparatus 20.

  The gantry unit 10 includes an X-ray tube 11, a high voltage generator 12, an X-ray detector 13, and a data acquisition unit (DAS; Digital Acquisition System) 14.

  The X-ray tube 11 is connected to a high voltage generator 12 and is attached to a rotating ring (not shown) that rotates at high speed and continuously in the direction A in the drawing. The high voltage generator 12 supplies a tube current or a tube voltage to the X-ray tube 11 in response to a control signal from the computer device 20. The X-ray tube 11 receives this tube current or tube voltage and irradiates the subject P with X-rays while rotating around the subject P to which the contrast medium is administered.

  The X-ray detector 13 is arranged on a rotating ring (not shown) so as to face each other with the subject P sandwiched with the X-ray tube 11. The X-ray detector 13 detects X-rays irradiated from the X-ray tube 11 and transmitted through the subject P, and outputs an X-ray detection signal corresponding to the detected X-ray dose. The data collection unit 14 digitizes the X-ray detection signal detected by the X-ray detector 13 and outputs it to the computer device 20 as raw data.

  In the computer device 20, a preprocessing unit 21, a memory unit 22, a reconstruction unit 23, a storage device 24, a cerebrovascular diagnosis device 25, an image display unit 26, and a control unit 27 are connected to a bus 28. Has been configured. An input unit 29 is connected to the control unit 27.

  The preprocessing unit 21 generates projection data by performing preprocessing such as correction processing on the raw data obtained by the data collection unit 14. The memory unit 22 temporarily stores the projection data obtained by the preprocessing unit 21. The reconstruction unit 23 reads the projection data stored in the memory unit 22 and reconstructs three-dimensional image data (particularly three-dimensional image data of the head of the subject P in this embodiment). The storage device 24 stores the three-dimensional image data obtained by the reconstruction unit 23 and the raw data obtained by the data collection unit 14. In particular, in the present embodiment, the storage device 24 stores a database for predicting future onset tendency and symptoms corresponding to abnormal sites in cerebral blood vessels.

  The cerebrovascular diagnostic device 25 extracts a cerebral blood vessel image from the three-dimensional head image data stored in the storage device 24, and detects an abnormal part of the cerebral blood vessel based on the extracted cerebral blood vessel image. Then, based on the detected spatial position information of the abnormal part, a symptom or the like that may be caused by the detected abnormal part is predicted. Details of the cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus 25 will be described later. The image display unit 26 as information output means displays various images and information obtained by the reconstruction unit 23 and the cerebrovascular diagnosis apparatus 25. The control unit 27 comprehensively controls the overall processing of the computer device 20. The input unit 29 serving as a designation unit is an operation member such as a mouse or a keyboard for operating the computer apparatus 20 on a display screen displayed on the image display unit 26 by an operator such as a doctor.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration inside the cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus 25. The cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus 25 is mainly composed of a head image dividing unit 251, a parallel processing unit 252, and an onset tendency predicting unit 253.

  The head image dividing unit 251 divides the three-dimensional head image data of the subject P stored in the storage device 24 for each brain function. The parallel processing unit 252 includes the same number of cerebrovascular image extraction units 252a and abnormality detection units 252b as the number of divisions of the three-dimensional head image data. The cerebral blood vessel image extraction unit 252a extracts an image of the cerebral blood vessel part (cerebral blood vessel image) from each of the three-dimensional head images divided for each brain function. The abnormality detection unit 252b detects an abnormal part in the cerebral blood vessel image extracted by the cerebral blood vessel image extraction unit 252a.

  The onset tendency predicting unit 253 compares the spatial position information of the abnormal part in the cerebral blood vessel detected for each brain function in the abnormality detecting unit 252b with the information in the database stored in the storage device 24, and determines the abnormal part of the cerebral blood vessel. Predict future developmental trends.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus 25 will be further described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus 25 in the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram corresponding to the operation of the flowchart of FIG.

When the three-dimensional head image stored in the storage device 24 is read by the head image dividing unit 251 of the cerebrovascular diagnostic device 25, a plurality of three-dimensional head images are provided for each brain function as shown in FIG. The image is divided into images (step S1).
Here, the division of the three-dimensional head image for each brain function in step S1 will be described. When the 3D head image is sent to the head image dividing unit 251, first, a threshold value for separating the skull portion and the brain portion in the head image is set, and the skull portion is removed from the 3D head image by this threshold value. Then, an image of the brain part is extracted. Next, an MPR image corresponding to a predetermined cross section of the extracted brain part image is generated. The operator performs a predetermined setting for dividing the brain image for each function with respect to the MPR image.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of division for each brain function. FIG. 5 particularly shows an example of cerebral division. As shown in FIG. 5, it is known that the cerebrum can be divided into four parts: frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe, roughly divided by grooves such as central groove, lateral groove, and parieto-occipital groove. . Each part manages a brain function as shown in FIG. For example, the frontal lobe is responsible for movement and control, and the temporal lobe on the dominant hemisphere side (left brain side in the figure) is responsible for language ability, arithmetic ability, partial recognition, and theoretical judgment. In this way, when the cerebrum is divided into brain functions, the above-mentioned four regions of frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe are divided into dominant hemisphere side (left brain side) and non-dominant hemisphere side (right brain side), respectively. It can be seen that it can be divided into a total of 8 parts. FIG. 4 shows a blood vessel image divided according to such division processing.

  Hereinafter, a division method for dividing a brain image for each brain function will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a brain image of a cross section (axial plane) perpendicular to the body axis of the subject P as an MPR image obtained from the three-dimensional head image obtained from the reconstruction unit 23.

  First, the head image dividing unit 251 is made to identify the frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe in order to divide the image for each brain function. For this purpose, the operator designates lines corresponding to brain grooves such as the central groove 101, the outer groove 102, and the parieto-occipital groove 103 in the MPR image shown in FIG. The head image dividing unit 251 can identify each part such as the frontal lobe, the occipital lobe, the temporal lobe, and the parietal lobe from the brain image based on the regions divided by these groove lines. The brain image is divided into images corresponding to the eight parts shown in FIG. 6 by dividing these identified parts into two parts on the left and right.

  Note that the image division for each brain function shown in FIG. 6 is merely an example, and the image may be divided more finely. In FIG. 6, the groove line is specified only in the MPR image corresponding to the axial plane, but in reality, an MPR image corresponding to a cross section other than the axial plane is generated, and the groove line is also specified in this MPR image. More preferably. By designating groove lines in a plurality of cross-sectional directions, it is possible to perform image division for each brain function more accurately.

  Further, the head image dividing unit 251 may execute matching processing or the like so that the head image dividing unit 251 can automatically recognize the groove line of the brain.

  When the three-dimensional head image is divided for each brain function, the divided three-dimensional head image is input to the corresponding cerebral blood vessel image extraction unit 252a. In each cerebral blood vessel image extraction unit 252a, an image of a blood vessel portion is extracted from the three-dimensional head image. Thereafter, the extracted images of the respective blood vessels are input to the abnormality detection unit 252b, and abnormal sites (stenosis, tumor, aneurysm, etc.) in the cerebral blood vessel image are detected (step S2). In the example shown in FIG. 4, the positions indicated by reference numerals 1 and 2 are abnormal sites. This abnormal part detection method can be performed in the same manner as in the past. For example, a feature amount such as a diameter of a cerebral blood vessel is detected from a three-dimensional cerebral blood vessel image, and this feature amount is collated with a pre-known abnormal blood vessel feature amount stored in the storage device 24 or the like. An abnormal site can be detected.

  Here, the process of step S2 is processed in parallel for each brain function as shown in FIG. At this time, an operator such as a doctor may be able to specify for each brain function whether or not to execute the process of step S2.

  Thus, in this embodiment, these processes can be efficiently performed by performing parallel processing of the extraction of the cerebrovascular image and the detection of the abnormal part.

  After detecting the abnormal part in the cerebral blood vessel, the abnormal part in the cerebral blood vessel is displayed on the image display unit 26 so that the operator can visually recognize it (step S3). Subsequently, the spatial position information of the abnormal part in the cerebral blood vessel is input to the onset tendency prediction unit 253, and the future onset tendency is predicted from the part corresponding to the input spatial position (step S4).

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a disordered part in the brain and a corresponding onset tendency. A database associating the failure site shown in FIG. 7 with its onset tendency is stored in the storage device 24. Note that the “failed site” shown in FIG. 7 is actually given as a spatial position range of the cerebral blood vessel corresponding to the brain function. The onset tendency prediction unit 253 collates the position of the abnormal site in the cerebral blood vessel detected by the abnormality detection unit 252b with the database shown in FIG. 7, and predicts the future onset tendency at the abnormal site. For example, if there is an abnormality at position 1 shown in FIG. 4, since the cerebral blood vessel at this position belongs to the brain stem, it is predicted that a consciousness disorder or the like may occur in the future. Similarly, when there is an abnormality at position 2 shown in FIG. 4, since the cerebral blood vessel at this position belongs to the temporal lobe on the dominant hemisphere side, it is predicted that aphasia may occur in the future.

After the prediction in the onset tendency prediction unit 253 is completed, the prediction result is displayed, for example, on the image display unit 26 (step S5).
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a display example when displaying the abnormal site and the prediction result of the onset tendency on the image display unit 26. As shown in FIG. 8, the cerebral blood vessel image is displayed as a three-dimensional image in the display area 261 of the image display unit 26. In addition, an index that can visually recognize the abnormal part as indicated by “1” and “2” is displayed at the position of the abnormal part in the three-dimensional cerebral blood vessel image.

  Further, in the display area 262 of the image display unit 26, incidental information about each abnormal part is displayed. The incidental information includes, for example, various information such as a measured physical quantity related to the cerebral blood vessels such as the degree of stenosis of the cerebral blood vessels and the cross-sectional area of the cerebral blood vessels of the abnormal part, the spatial position of the abnormal part, and the brain function part to which the abnormal part belongs . Of course, other information may be displayed. Further, in the display area 263 of the image display unit 26, information on the future onset tendency corresponding to the abnormal site of the cerebral blood vessel (prediction result by the onset tendency prediction unit 253) is displayed.

  Further, the image display unit 26 also displays an index (pointer) 31 for selecting an abnormal site in the cerebral blood vessel image and performing other various input operations.

  When the operator operates the input unit 29 and selects the position of the abnormal part with the pointer 31 in such a display, the incidental information corresponding to the abnormal part and the prediction result of the onset tendency are highlighted. The Alternatively, only when the pointer 31 is selected, the incidental information and the prediction result of the onset tendency may be displayed.

  8 may be displayed in different colors for each divided cerebral blood vessel image, or the intensity of the color or the like so that an abnormal part of the cerebral blood vessel can be easily distinguished from other parts. May be changed. At this time, depending on the state of stenosis, for example, if the degree of stenosis is high, there is a high possibility that a severe failure will occur, so if the color of the abnormal part is darkened, The color of the abnormal part may be lightened, or the color intensity may be changed depending on the degree of brain damage caused by the abnormal part.

  Furthermore, in the display example of FIG. 8, the display area for the cerebral blood vessel image and the display area for the incidental information and the onset tendency are set as separate areas. The information may be displayed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, when detecting an abnormal part in the cerebral blood vessel, the three-dimensional head image is divided for each brain function to extract the cerebral blood vessel image and detect the abnormal part. By performing parallel processing for each brain function, it is possible to efficiently detect an abnormal site. In addition, it is possible to detect an abnormal part by dividing it for each brain function and predict a future onset tendency from the spatial position of the detected abnormal part.

  Although the present invention has been described based on the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and applications are naturally possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention. For example, in the present embodiment, an X-ray CT apparatus is used as an example of a medical image diagnostic apparatus for obtaining a three-dimensional head image, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a three-dimensional image obtained by an MRI apparatus is used. The method of the present embodiment can also be applied to the head image. In addition, as a three-dimensional cerebral blood vessel image, a blood vessel extraction image obtained from a difference between an image before contrast agent administration and an image after contrast agent administration obtained by performing imaging twice before and after administering a contrast agent to a subject (DSA image) may be used.

  In addition, information such as an image of an abnormal site in the cerebral blood vessel, its accompanying information, and a prediction result of the onset tendency by the onset tendency prediction unit 253 is not only displayed and output on the image display unit 26 but also, for example, on paper using a printer or the like. It may be printed out.

  Further, the above-described embodiments include various stages of the invention, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. For example, even if some configuration requirements are deleted from all the configuration requirements shown in the embodiment, the above-described problem can be solved, and this configuration requirement is deleted when the above-described effects can be obtained. The configuration can also be extracted as an invention.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an X-ray CT apparatus as an example of a medical image diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure inside a cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus. It is a flowchart shown about operation | movement of the cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram corresponding to the operation of the flowchart of FIG. 3. It is the figure shown about the example of the division | segmentation for every brain function. It is the figure which showed the brain image of the cross section (axial surface) perpendicular | vertical to the body axis of a subject as MPR image obtained from the three-dimensional head image obtained from the reconstruction part. It is the figure which showed an example of the failure site | part in a brain, and the onset tendency corresponding to it. It is a figure which shows the example of a display at the time of displaying the abnormal region and the prediction result of onset tendency on an image display part.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Gantry part, 11 ... X-ray tube, 12 ... High voltage generator, 13 ... X-ray detector, 14 ... Data acquisition part (DAS), 20 ... Computer apparatus, 21 ... Pre-processing part, 22 ... Memory part, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 23 ... Reconstruction part, 24 ... Memory | storage device, 25 ... Cerebrovascular diagnosis apparatus, 26 ... Image display part, 27 ... Control part, 28 ... Bus, 29 ... Input part, 251 ... Head image division part, 252 ... Parallel processing Unit, 252a ... cerebral blood vessel image extraction unit, 252b ... abnormality detection unit, 253 ... onset tendency prediction unit

Claims (9)

A head image dividing means for dividing a three-dimensional head image including a cerebral blood vessel for each brain function;
An abnormality detecting means for extracting a cerebral blood vessel image from the three-dimensional head image divided for each brain function, and detecting an image of an abnormal part of the cerebral blood vessel from the extracted cerebral blood vessel image;
Predicting means for predicting the onset tendency due to the abnormal site based on the spatial position information of the detected abnormal site;
Information output means for outputting an image of the abnormal part, incidental information relating to the abnormal part, and information on the onset tendency;
A cerebral blood vessel diagnostic apparatus comprising: A head image dividing means for dividing a three-dimensional head image including a cerebral blood vessel for each brain function;
An abnormality detecting means for extracting a cerebral blood vessel image from the three-dimensional head image divided for each brain function, and detecting an image of an abnormal part of the cerebral blood vessel from the extracted cerebral blood vessel image;
Predicting means for predicting the onset tendency due to the abnormal site based on the spatial position information of the detected abnormal site;
Information output means for outputting an image of the abnormal part, incidental information relating to the abnormal part, and information on the onset tendency;
C T contrast image, MRI image and said three-dimensional head image, a storage means for storing one of DSA images,
Cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus characterized by comprising a.   The head image dividing means generates a cross-sectional image for the three-dimensional head image, recognizes a groove line portion of the brain in the generated cross-sectional image, and based on a region divided by the recognized groove line portion The cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional head image is divided for each brain function.   The cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising designation means for designating the groove line portion of the brain.   2. The cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality detection means performs parallel processing for extracting the cerebral blood vessel image and detecting an image of the abnormal portion of the cerebral blood vessel for each brain function.   The cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supplementary information includes at least one of spatial position information of an abnormal part, brain function information corresponding to the abnormal part, and a measured physical quantity of the abnormal part.   2. The cerebral vascular diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information output unit includes a display unit that displays the cerebral vascular image including the detected abnormal site in different colors.   The cerebrovascular diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the prediction unit performs the prediction by searching a database in which spatial position information of the abnormal part and information on an onset tendency are associated with each other. Photographing means for photographing a head of a subject and generating a three-dimensional head image including a cerebral blood vessel;
Head image dividing means for dividing the three-dimensional head image for each brain function;
An abnormality detecting means for extracting a cerebral blood vessel image from the three-dimensional head image divided for each brain function, and detecting an image of an abnormal part of the cerebral blood vessel from the extracted cerebral blood vessel image;
Predicting means for predicting the onset tendency due to the abnormal site based on the detected location information of the abnormal site;
Information output means for outputting an image of the abnormal part, incidental information relating to the abnormal part, and information on the onset tendency;
A medical image diagnostic apparatus comprising:

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