JP4921767B2 - 細胞の分化誘導方法 - Google Patents
細胞の分化誘導方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4921767B2 JP4921767B2 JP2005299763A JP2005299763A JP4921767B2 JP 4921767 B2 JP4921767 B2 JP 4921767B2 JP 2005299763 A JP2005299763 A JP 2005299763A JP 2005299763 A JP2005299763 A JP 2005299763A JP 4921767 B2 JP4921767 B2 JP 4921767B2
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Description
特に好ましくは、上皮系細胞は、口腔粘膜上皮細胞である。
好ましくは、担体上で、上皮系細胞の培養を行う。
好ましくは、上記の分化誘導した細胞は、骨系細胞、軟骨系細胞又は筋系細胞である。
本発明による細胞の分化誘導方法は、上皮系細胞をTransforming growth factor-β(TGF−β)の存在下で培養し、次いで、分化誘導因子の存在下で上記細胞を培養することを特徴とする。本発明によれば、目的に即した間葉系細胞を製造することができる。即ち、本発明による細胞の分化誘導方法は、上皮系細胞に対してTGF−βを用いて上皮間葉転換を生じさせ、生じた間葉系細胞を、目的に即した分化誘導因子の存在下で培養することにより、上皮間葉転換により生じた間葉系細胞をさらに分化させる方法である(図1を参照)。
口腔粘膜上皮細胞、消化管上皮細胞、腎上皮細胞、腎尿細管上皮細胞、膀胱上皮細胞、皮膚上皮細胞、扁平上皮細胞、円柱上皮細胞、移行上皮細胞、胸腺上皮細胞、乳腺上皮細胞、内エナメル上皮細胞、外エナメル上皮細胞、マラッセ上皮遺残細胞、エナメル芽細胞、類上皮細胞、又はこれらの前駆細胞が挙げられる。
(1)骨芽細胞は、一般的には、デキサメタゾン、アスコルビン酸塩、Mesenchymal Stem Cell Supplement (MCGS)、L−グルタミン、β−グリセロフォスフェートなどを含む培地中で分化転換させることができる。
(2)神経細胞は、一般的には、レチノイン酸またはビタミンAのようなレチノイド化合物、および所望により脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)、毛様体神経栄養因子(CNTF)、血小板由来成長因子(PDGF)、神経成長因子(NGF)、ニューロトロフィン(NT)−3、ニューロトロフィン(NT)−4、またはソニックヘッジホッグ(sonic hedgehog)(Shh)のような神経成長因子またはニューロトロフィンなどを含む培地中で分化転換させることができる。
(3)軟骨細胞は、一般的には、デキサメタゾン、アスコルビン酸、ピルビン酸ナトリウム、プロリン、L-グルタミン、トランスフェリン、インスリン、TGF-βなどを含む培地中で分化転換させることができる。
(4)脂肪細胞は、一般的には、インスリン、L−グルタミン、デキサメタゾン、インドメタシンなどを含む培地中で分化転換させることができる。
(5)肝細胞は一般的には、インスリン、デキサメタゾン、アスコルビン酸、FGF-4、FGF、HGFなどを含む培地で分化転換させることができる。
以下の実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は実施例によって限定されるものではない。
(1)方法
エーテルなどを用いてラットを安楽死させ、安楽死させたラットの口腔よりメスで上顎の口腔組織を切り出した。切り出した口腔組織について、洗浄しながらメスで真皮や血液等を除去、粘膜のみを剥離し、ディスパーゼを用いて口腔粘膜のみを単離した。単離した口腔粘膜をトリプシンを用いて細胞レベルにまで単離し、上皮系細胞のみを選択的に培養できるよう、Keratinocyte Growth Medium-2(KGM-2)培地を用いて口腔粘膜上皮細胞を培養した。
アルカリホスファターゼ染色の結果を図2に示す。TGF−βで処理した後に、デキサメタソン、β−グリセロリン酸、アスコルビン酸で処理した群において、有意なアルカリフォスファターゼ陽性反応を検出した。一方、未処理の口腔粘膜上皮やTGF−βのみで処理した群においては、アルカリフォスファターゼ反応は検出されなかった。
アルカリフォスファターゼは、骨芽細胞などの間葉系細胞の硬組織化に伴う分化マーカーとして知られている。未処理の群やTGF−βのみで処理した群ではアルカリフォスファターゼ陰性だったのに対し、TGF−βで処理した口腔粘膜上皮細胞に対して、デキサメタソン、β−グリセロリン酸、アスコルビン酸を用いた群では、アルカリフォスファターゼ陽性となったことから、この処理をした口腔粘膜上皮細胞に骨誘導が生じたと考えられる。この結果より、TGF−βにより上皮系細胞から間葉系細胞に上皮間葉転換処理を行った細胞に対して、分化誘導因子などを用いてさらに分化誘導処理を施すと、上皮系細胞から目的に即した細胞を誘導することができる。
Claims (2)
- 口腔粘膜上皮細胞をTransforming growth factor-β(TGF−β)の存在下で培養し、次いで、デキサメタソン、β−グリセロリン酸、及びアスコルビン酸の存在下で上記細胞を培養することにより骨系細胞へと分化誘導することを特徴とする、細胞の分化誘導方法。
- 担体上で、口腔粘膜上皮細胞の培養を行う、請求項1に記載の細胞の分化誘導方法。
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