JP4864983B2 - リチウムニッケル酸化物層を含む電極、その製造方法及びこれを含むエレクトロクロミック素子 - Google Patents
リチウムニッケル酸化物層を含む電極、その製造方法及びこれを含むエレクトロクロミック素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4864983B2 JP4864983B2 JP2008549426A JP2008549426A JP4864983B2 JP 4864983 B2 JP4864983 B2 JP 4864983B2 JP 2008549426 A JP2008549426 A JP 2008549426A JP 2008549426 A JP2008549426 A JP 2008549426A JP 4864983 B2 JP4864983 B2 JP 4864983B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- oxidation
- nickel oxide
- lithium nickel
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 7-butyrolactone Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFPQDYSOPQHZAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxypropanenitrile Chemical compound COC(C)C#N SFPQDYSOPQHZAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCWQZPJHHVLHSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxypropanenitrile Chemical compound CCOCCC#N DCWQZPJHHVLHSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002640 NiOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010047571 Visual impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1524—Transition metal compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Description
(a)伝導性基板の上にリチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO、但し、0.4<x<1、0<y<1)層が形成された電極を提供するステップ、及び
(b)前記電極に酸化電圧を印加した後、還元電圧を印加するステップ、
を含む方法で製造される。
前記化1で現れる化合物のうち、カチオンであるXは、テトラアンモニウム、マグネシウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウム又はカルシウムなどが好ましく、アニオンであるYは、チオシアネート、フォーメート、アセテート、ナイトレート、パークロレート、スルファート、ハイドロキサイド、アルコキシド、ハロゲン化物、カーボネート、オキサレート又はテトラフルオロボレートなどが好ましい。
FTO透明伝導性膜が形成されたガラス基板の上にLiNiO2ターゲットからスパッタリング法でリチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO)薄膜を蒸着した。次に、FTOガラスとエレクトロクロミック物質との接着力を高めるため、300℃で30分間熱処理した後、徐々に冷却した。1M LiClO4が溶解されたプロピレンカーボネート電解質(温度:60℃)に、相対電極として白金を使用してリチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO)の初期化処理をグローブボックス内で施した。200nmの厚さで蒸着されたリチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO)を完全に酸化させた後、還元電圧を印加することで、無色透明なリチウムニッケル酸化物薄膜を得た。酸化−還元印加電圧(2.0V/−2.0V)で初期化処理を行う時、リチウムニッケル酸化物層が含まれた電極の透過度は、5%〜76%であった。初期化処理されたリチウムニッケル酸化物電極を酸化電極とし、タングステン酸化物(WO3)(厚さ:300nm)が含まれた電極を還元電極としてエレクトロクロミック素子を製作した。両電極が向かい合うようにしてUV硬化剤で貼り合わせて、1M LiClO4が溶解されたプロピレンカーボネート電解質を注入した後、最後に注入口をUV硬化剤で封止してエレクトロクロミック素子を製作した。酸化(+1.7V)−還元(−1.2V)印加電圧によって、着色時は13%、消色時は73%の透過度が示され、100,000回以上のサイクルを繰り返した後も安定している。
前述の実施例1と同様にしてエレクトロクロミック素子を製作した。電解質は、アセトアミドとLiTFSIとの共融混合物を使用した。酸化−還元電圧(+1.7V/−1.2V)における素子の透過度は、13〜73%を示した。
スパッタで蒸着されたリチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO)電極を初期化処理することなく、素子製作後、オン・オフを繰り返して着色・消色を行ったことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様にしてエレクトロクロミック素子を製作した。素子製作後、エレクトロクロミック素子の消色過程では、酸化−還元電圧(+2.0V/−2.0V)をそれぞれ20秒間100回繰り返し印加して酸化−還元反応を施した。製作されたエレクトロクロミック素子の透過度は、消色時に(−1.2V)56%、着色時に(+1.7V)8%であった。実施例1と同様な酸化−還元電圧を印加しても、電極の酸化−還元が完全に起こらず、完全に消色されなかったことがわかり、実際に上記の電圧(±2.0V)を素子の製作後に印加する場合は、素子の作動電圧範囲を超過してしまい、正常な素子作動が期待できなかった。
スパッタリング法で蒸着されたリチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO)電極を熱処理することなくエレクトロクロミック素子を製作した。熱処理工程を除いたエレクトロクロミック素子の製作は、前記実施例1と同様にして行った。製作された素子に対してn回の着色−消色を繰り返した結果、リチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO)層が電極表面から剥離され、素子内に気泡が発生した。なお、nは、400≦n≦1000である。
Claims (14)
- (a)伝導性基板の上にリチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO、但し、0.4<x<1、0<y<1)層が形成された電極を提供するステップと、
(b)前記電極に酸化電圧を印加した後、還元電圧を印加するステップとを含んでなり、
前記リチウムニッケル酸化物内でニッケル(Ni)が1つの酸化数を有するようにすることを特徴とする、エレクトロクロミック素子の酸化電極の製造方法。 - 前記ステップ(b)が、リチウムイオン(Li+)が存在する電解質及び還元性の相対電極を備えた電気化学セル内で酸化電圧と還元電圧とを交代に印加して行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)における印加電圧の範囲が、電極の分解が起こらない程度の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)における印加電圧の範囲が、酸化電圧1V〜3.2Vの範囲、還元電圧−1V〜−2.7Vの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)が、酸化−還元電圧の印加によって前記電極が完全に酸化又は還元されるように行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)が、還元電圧の印加によって前記電極が完全に還元され、500nm波長における光透過度が80%以上になるように行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)が、15℃以上の電解質の沸点または分解温度の以下で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)の繰り返し回数が、1〜10回であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ(a)とステップ(b)との間に、リチウムニッケル酸化物(LixNi1−yO、但し、0.4<x<1、0<y<1)層が形成された電極を熱処理するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理が、100℃〜350℃の温度で30分間〜3時間行われることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- エレクトロクロミック素子の酸化電極であって、
請求項1〜10の何れか一項に記載の方法で製造されたものであり、
伝導性基板の上に形成されたリチウムニッケル酸化物層を備えてなり、
前記リチウムニッケル酸化物内でニッケルが1つの酸化数を有することを特徴とする、電極。 - 前記酸化数が、+2または+3であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の電極。
- 伝導性基板の上に形成されたリチウムニッケル酸化物層の厚さが、150nm〜10μmの範囲を有することを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の電極。
- (a)第1の電極と、
(b)第2の電極と、
(c)エレクトロクロミック物質と、及び
(d)電解質とを備えなり、
前記第1の電極または前記第2の電極が、請求項11〜13の何れか一項に記載の電極であることを特徴とする、エレクトロクロミック素子。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2006-0002190 | 2006-01-09 | ||
KR20060002190 | 2006-01-09 | ||
PCT/KR2007/000096 WO2007081121A1 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2007-01-08 | Electrode comprising lithium nickel oxide layer, method for preparing the same, and electrochromic device comprising the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009522613A JP2009522613A (ja) | 2009-06-11 |
JP4864983B2 true JP4864983B2 (ja) | 2012-02-01 |
Family
ID=38233090
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008549426A Active JP4864983B2 (ja) | 2006-01-09 | 2007-01-08 | リチウムニッケル酸化物層を含む電極、その製造方法及びこれを含むエレクトロクロミック素子 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7564611B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1977284B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4864983B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100786973B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101365982B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI367385B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007081121A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100957686B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-22 | 2010-05-12 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬니켈산화물 층을 포함하는 전극, 그 제조방법 및 이를포함하는 전기변색소자 |
US9782949B2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2017-10-10 | Corning Incorporated | Glass laminated articles and layered articles |
KR100994485B1 (ko) | 2008-09-22 | 2010-11-16 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 다공성 니켈산화물 박막을 포함하는 전극, 그 제조방법 및 전기변색소자와 리튬 이차전지에서의 사용 |
US12043890B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2024-07-23 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
US10156762B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2018-12-18 | View, Inc. | Counter electrode for electrochromic devices |
US8300298B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2012-10-30 | Soladigm, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
US10591795B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2020-03-17 | View, Inc. | Counter electrode for electrochromic devices |
US11187954B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2021-11-30 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic cathode materials |
US9261751B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2016-02-16 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
US8764951B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2014-07-01 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
US8764950B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2014-07-01 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
WO2016085764A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | View, Inc. | Counter electrode for electrochromic devices |
US10261381B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2019-04-16 | View, Inc. | Fabrication of low defectivity electrochromic devices |
US8582193B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2013-11-12 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
US8432603B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2013-04-30 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
US10852613B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2020-12-01 | View, Inc. | Counter electrode material for electrochromic devices |
US8736947B2 (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2014-05-27 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Materials and device stack for market viable electrochromic devices |
US9759975B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2017-09-12 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
US8687261B2 (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2014-04-01 | Sage Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic nickel oxide simultaneously doped with lithium and a metal dopant |
CN113359364A (zh) | 2011-12-12 | 2021-09-07 | 唯景公司 | 薄膜装置和制造 |
EP2946248B1 (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2019-07-10 | Kinestral Technologies, Inc. | Electrochromic lithium nickel group 4 mixed metal oxides |
ES2733281T3 (es) * | 2013-01-21 | 2019-11-28 | Kinestral Tech Inc | Dispositivo electrocromático multicapa con ánodo a base de óxido de litio y níquel |
US11891327B2 (en) | 2014-05-02 | 2024-02-06 | View, Inc. | Fabrication of low defectivity electrochromic devices |
EP3982195A1 (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2022-04-13 | View, Inc. | Counter electrode for electrochromic devices |
CN105648408B (zh) * | 2016-03-01 | 2018-12-25 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | 电致变色材料用靶材、制备方法及其应用 |
KR102070631B1 (ko) * | 2017-03-21 | 2020-01-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전기변색소자 |
US12066734B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2024-08-20 | Eclipse Energy Systems, Inc. | Electrochromic device having various uses |
US10996535B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2021-05-04 | Eclipse Energy Systems, Inc. | Electrochromic device with buffer layer(s) |
CN110201662B (zh) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-06-23 | 厦门大学 | 碳载单原子金属催化剂的电化学制备方法 |
CN112649997A (zh) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-04-13 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | 一种镍酸锂离子储存层及其制备方法 |
CN114609822A (zh) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-10 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | 一种显示面板及显示装置 |
CN114933420B (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-05-31 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 基于梯度温度的多层纳米片NiO电致变色薄膜水热制备方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005124444A1 (ja) * | 2004-06-22 | 2005-12-29 | National University Corporation Oita University | エレクトロクロミックフィルムとその製造方法及びエレクトロクロミックフィルム表示装置 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4229080A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1980-10-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Additional electrode of electrochromic display and refreshing method for the same |
JPS5633627A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-04-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Production of electrode for electrochromic display device |
JPH04188114A (ja) | 1990-11-22 | 1992-07-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電気化学素子 |
IT1247908B (it) * | 1991-05-08 | 1995-01-05 | Eniricerche Spa | Elettrodo di ossido di nichel intercalato con litio e dispositivi elettrocromici che lo incorporano |
KR100196009B1 (ko) | 1995-11-30 | 1999-06-15 | 김징완 | 용융탄산염 연료전지용 캐소드제작방법 |
EP1256996A4 (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2008-01-23 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | LITHIUM SECONDARY CELL |
JP4060562B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-02 | 2008-03-12 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 電極体の評価方法 |
US6859297B2 (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2005-02-22 | Midwest Research Institute | Electrochromic counter electrode |
KR20030040653A (ko) | 2001-11-15 | 2003-05-23 | 주식회사 케이티 | 일렉트로크로믹 디스플레이 소자의 카운터 전극용리튬티타늄 옥사이드 필름의 제조방법 및 그에 의해제조된 필름 |
-
2007
- 2007-01-08 TW TW096100703A patent/TWI367385B/zh active
- 2007-01-08 WO PCT/KR2007/000096 patent/WO2007081121A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-01-08 EP EP07700875.3A patent/EP1977284B1/en active Active
- 2007-01-08 CN CN2007800020696A patent/CN101365982B/zh active Active
- 2007-01-08 JP JP2008549426A patent/JP4864983B2/ja active Active
- 2007-01-09 KR KR1020070002353A patent/KR100786973B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-01-09 US US11/650,992 patent/US7564611B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005124444A1 (ja) * | 2004-06-22 | 2005-12-29 | National University Corporation Oita University | エレクトロクロミックフィルムとその製造方法及びエレクトロクロミックフィルム表示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200734781A (en) | 2007-09-16 |
CN101365982A (zh) | 2009-02-11 |
WO2007081121A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
US7564611B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
KR100786973B1 (ko) | 2007-12-17 |
EP1977284B1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
JP2009522613A (ja) | 2009-06-11 |
US20070160907A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
CN101365982B (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
TWI367385B (en) | 2012-07-01 |
EP1977284A1 (en) | 2008-10-08 |
EP1977284A4 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
KR20070074502A (ko) | 2007-07-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4864983B2 (ja) | リチウムニッケル酸化物層を含む電極、その製造方法及びこれを含むエレクトロクロミック素子 | |
KR102031943B1 (ko) | 전기변색 소자, 디스플레이 장치 및 그 구동 방법 | |
JP6624206B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック装置 | |
JP6610023B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック表示装置 | |
KR102149672B1 (ko) | 전기변색 소자 | |
JP6696287B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子の駆動方法及びエレクトロクロミック素子 | |
KR101816536B1 (ko) | 전기변색소자 및 그 제조방법 | |
JP2016218359A (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子の駆動方法 | |
KR100994485B1 (ko) | 다공성 니켈산화물 박막을 포함하는 전극, 그 제조방법 및 전기변색소자와 리튬 이차전지에서의 사용 | |
JP4391472B2 (ja) | 固体無機電解質の保護膜を用いたエレクトロクロミック素子及びその製造方法 | |
KR101085268B1 (ko) | 내수성이 우수한 전기변색소자용 전극 및 그 제조방법 | |
US7999991B2 (en) | Electrode comprising lithium nickel oxide layer, method for preparing the same, and electrochromic device comprising the same | |
RU2464607C2 (ru) | Однослойное секционное электрохромное устройство, включающее в себя электрохромный материал полимерного типа | |
KR20070062720A (ko) | 활성화된 금속산화물의 제조방법 | |
KR20010028520A (ko) | 전기 변색소자 및 제조 방법 | |
JP6547415B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子の駆動方法 | |
JPS6153706B2 (ja) | ||
JP2003315839A (ja) | エレクトロクロミックディスプレイ | |
JP6478042B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子の駆動方法 | |
KR102387913B1 (ko) | 광전기 변색 소자 | |
JP6146223B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック表示素子の駆動方法及びエレクトロクロミック表示素子 | |
JP2011191482A (ja) | エレクトロクロミック表示装置およびその製造方法 | |
JP2016218358A (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子の駆動方法及びエレクトロクロミック素子 | |
JP2016218364A (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子の駆動方法 | |
JP2000214492A (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110524 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110818 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20111014 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20111109 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20141118 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4864983 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
R371 | Transfer withdrawn |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R371 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R3D02 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |