JP4861447B2 - Fluid velocity measurement system and fluid velocity measurement method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid velocity measurement system that measures the velocity of a flowing fluid, and more particularly, to a fluid velocity measurement system that can accurately and quickly measure the velocity of a fluid.

  Conventionally, turbo fluid machines represented by gas turbines, steam turbines, water turbines, etc., positive displacement fluid machines represented by piston engines, gear pumps, screw pumps, etc., or fluids flowing through heat exchangers and pipes As a method for measuring the speed of the image, a measurement method using a PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system is known. Specifically, first, solid or liquid fine particles (tracer particles) are mixed to flow the fluid. Next, an image that appears by irradiating the fluid with a laser sheet light formed in a sheet shape is captured by a camera. Thereafter, the velocity of the flowing fluid is obtained by measuring the movement of the tracer particles based on the captured image (see Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  As described above, when calculating the velocity of the internal fluid, tracer particles are often mixed in the fluid (see Patent Document 1), but the piston engine (see Patent Document 2), the final steam turbine for thermal power generation When measuring the velocity of the internal fluid near the stage, in a nuclear steam turbine, in a pipe, or in a pump, etc., if the fuel or steam is condensed and the liquid to be measured is a liquid Bubbles contained in the liquid may be substituted for the tracer particles.

  When measuring the velocity of fluid using such a PIV system, it is necessary to make modifications to attach light transmissive windows to at least two locations of the casing (or piping) of the fluid machine. However, it is difficult to make such modifications to a gas turbine or a steam turbine that is already in operation.

  In order to deal with such a problem, a window is provided in the casing, and images appearing by irradiating the laser sheet light from the probe inserted inside the casing are captured by the camera from the outside of the casing through the window. The method of doing is known (refer nonpatent literature 4).

  Also disclosed is a fluid flow measurement system that captures an image that appears by placing an objective lens so as to face both sides of the measurement range of the laser sheet light, and transmits the image to an image capturing means via a fiberscope (patent). Reference 3).

JP 2008-175710 A JP 2007-170934 A JP 2007-33306 A

M.M. Raffel, 2 authors, “Basics and Applications of PIV”, Springer Fairlark Tokyo, June 2000 Visualization Society of Japan, “PIV Handbook”, Morikita Publishing, July 2002 Visualization Society of Japan, “PIV and Image Analysis Technology (Visualization Information Library)”, Asakura Shoten, June 2004 `` Particle Image Velocimetry '', Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, Volume 112/2008, p.311-331

  However, when the fluid velocity is measured by the method shown in Non-Patent Document 4, there is a problem that water droplets generated by the condensation of steam adhere to the inner surface of the window provided in the casing. In this case, light emitted from the tracer particles irradiated with the laser sheet light is scattered or refracted by water droplets attached to the inner surface of the window. For this reason, it is difficult to accurately capture the image that has appeared.

  Further, for example, when a plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged in a staggered manner like a heat exchanger, light emitted from the tracer particles irradiated with the laser sheet light is reflected on the surface of the heat transfer tubes. . As a result, it is difficult to accurately capture the image that has appeared through the window from the outside of the casing.

  In the system shown in Patent Document 3, the fiberscope connecting the objective lens and the image pickup means is formed by bundling thousands to tens of thousands of optical fibers. When such a fiberscope is used, the appearing image is decomposed for each of these many optical fibers and transmitted to the image capturing means. For this reason, distortion occurs in the image picked up by the image pickup means, and it is difficult to accurately measure the fluid velocity.

  Furthermore, the heat resistant temperature of the fiberscope is generally about 70 ° C. On the other hand, the temperature of an internal fluid such as a nuclear steam turbine, a thermal power generation steam turbine, an aircraft turbine, or an automobile engine reaches several hundred degrees. For this reason, it is difficult to measure a fluid velocity by exposing a part of the fiberscope to such a high-temperature internal fluid.

  Further, the fiberscope connecting the objective lens and the image pickup means has flexibility. For this reason, it is difficult to maintain a constant angle between the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light and the viewing direction of the objective lens. In this case, the relationship between the pixel of the image adjusted in advance and the actual distance is shifted. For this reason, it is necessary to make another adjustment after being attached to the casing of the steam turbine, and a lot of time is spent measuring the velocity of the fluid.

  Further, while measuring the fluid velocity, the tracer particles mixed in the fluid adhere to the objective lens. Thereby, the light emitted from the tracer particles irradiated with the laser sheet light is scattered or refracted by the tracer particles attached to the objective lens. For this reason, it is difficult to accurately capture an image that appears when the laser sheet light is irradiated.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid velocity measuring system capable of measuring fluid velocity with high accuracy and speed.

  The present invention relates to a laser beam oscillation unit that oscillates a laser beam, and a laser sheet beam that converts the laser beam oscillated from the laser beam oscillation unit into a laser sheet beam formed in a sheet shape and irradiates the fluid to be measured. A forming unit, a borescope for observing an irradiated object image appearing in the fluid to be measured by the laser sheet light irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit, and an irradiated object image observed by the borescope; The borescope and the laser sheet light forming unit are stored and held at least in part in a storage body extending to the fluid to be measured. This is a fluid velocity measuring system characterized by the above.

  The present invention relates to a laser beam oscillation unit that oscillates a laser beam, and a laser sheet beam that converts the laser beam oscillated from the laser beam oscillation unit into a laser sheet beam formed in a sheet shape and irradiates the fluid to be measured. A first object for observing a first irradiated object image as viewed from a first direction, which is an irradiated object image that appears in the fluid to be measured by the forming unit and the laser sheet light irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit. A borescope and an irradiated object image that is arranged on the same side as the first borescope with respect to the laser sheet light and appears in the fluid to be measured, from a second direction different from the first direction A second borescope for observing the observed second irradiated object image, and a first image imaging means for capturing the first irradiated object image observed by the first borescope and converting it into first irradiated object image data And the second borescope A second image capturing means for capturing a second observed image of the irradiated object and converting it into second irradiated object image data, the first borescope, the second borescope, and the laser sheet. The light forming unit is a fluid velocity measurement system that is housed and held in a housing that extends toward the fluid to be measured.

  According to the present invention, at least a part of the borescope and at least a part of the laser sheet light forming portion are housed and held in the housing, and the angle formed between the viewing direction of the borescope and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light is always It is kept constant. As a result, the irradiated object image appearing in the fluid to be measured can be captured accurately and quickly, and the two-dimensional or three-dimensional flow state of the irradiated object in the fluid to be measured can be accurately and quickly measured. Can do.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a fluid velocity measurement system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which the fluid velocity imaging device of the fluid velocity measuring system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is attached to the casing of the steam turbine. FIG. 3A is a plan view showing details of the tip of the probe in the fluid velocity measuring system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a side view of FIG. It is sectional drawing. FIG. 4A is a side view showing details of the distal end portion of the probe when the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light is irradiated parallel to the longitudinal direction of the probe in the fluid velocity measurement system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a side sectional view showing details of the tip of the probe when the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the probe, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing details of the tip of the probe when the angle formed between the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light and the longitudinal direction of the probe is set to θ. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a fluid velocity measurement system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing details of the tip of the probe in the fluid velocity measuring system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a fluid velocity measuring system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 4 is a figure which shows the fluid velocity measurement system in the 1st Embodiment of this invention.

  First, the overall configuration of the fluid velocity measurement system will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, as an example, a case will be described in which the flow velocity of steam flowing in the casing of a steam turbine is measured.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid velocity measuring system 1 includes a laser beam oscillation unit 2 that oscillates a laser beam (YAG laser beam) 3 and a laser beam 3 oscillated from the laser beam oscillation unit 2 in a sheet shape. Laser sheet light forming unit 4 for converting into laser sheet light 5 and irradiating the laser sheet light 5 into a fluid to be measured (vapor) including a fine irradiated object, and laser sheet light forming unit 4 And a borescope 7 for observing the irradiated object image 6 appearing in the fluid to be measured by the laser sheet light 5 irradiated from. In the present embodiment, the irradiated object image 6 is obtained by irradiating the laser sheet light 5 with water droplets generated by condensation of vapor as the irradiated object without mixing tracer particles or the like. It is like that.

  Connected to the borescope 7 is a PIV camera (image capturing means) 8 that captures the irradiated object image 6 observed by the borescope 7 and converts it into irradiated object image data.

  The borescope 7 and the laser sheet light forming unit 4 are housed and held in a probe (housing body) 9 that extends in a cylindrical shape toward the fluid to be measured. Thereby, the angle formed by the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is kept constant. Further, the probe 9 has an internal space 10, and the laser light 3 oscillated from the laser light oscillation unit 2 is guided to the laser sheet light forming unit 4 through the internal space 10. .

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the laser sheet light forming unit 4 includes an irradiation side prism (irradiation direction changing unit) 11 that changes the irradiation direction of the laser light 3 oscillated from the laser light oscillation unit 2, and the irradiation side. A spherical lens 12 that converts the laser beam 3 that has passed through the prism 11 into a sheet-like laser sheet beam 5 is provided. Among these, the irradiation side prism 11 is rotatably attached to the probe 9, and the spherical lens 12 is rotatably attached to the probe 9 so as to correspond to the rotation of the irradiation side prism 11. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the spherical lens 12 is configured as a single lens. However, the present invention is not limited to this and is configured as a plurality of lens groups. It doesn't matter. Further, although the spherical lens 12 is disposed on the measured fluid side of the irradiation side prism 11, the spherical lens 12 may be disposed on the laser light oscillation unit 2 side of the irradiation side prism 11.

  The borescope 7 extends linearly toward the fluid to be measured, and transmits the irradiated object image 6 appearing in the fluid to be measured to the PIV camera 8 and the tip of the image transmission channel 13. It has a field-side prism (field-direction changing part) 14 that is provided at the (measured fluid-side end part) 13 a and changes the field-of-view direction of the borescope 7. Among these, the field-side prism 14 is rotatably attached to the distal end portion 13 a of the image transmission path 13, and the image transmission path 13 is irradiated with the laser light 3 passing through the probe 9 and the length of the probe 9. It is parallel to the direction. Further, a scope window 15 is provided in the vicinity of the visual field side prism 14 of the bore scope 7, and the irradiated object image 6 is captured through the scope window 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3B, the angle formed by the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is kept constant so as to be 90 °. That is, the viewing direction of the borescope 7 is orthogonal to the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5. 1 and FIGS. 3A and 3B, the distal end portion 13a of the image transmission path 13 of the borescope 7 is closer to the fluid to be measured than the laser sheet light forming portion 4 (the distal end side of the probe 9). The angle between the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the longitudinal direction of the image transmission path 13 is set to 120 °, and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 and the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 are set to 30 °. ing.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the irradiation side window 16 through which the laser sheet light 5 irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit 4 is transmitted to the probe 9 and the irradiated object appearing in the measured fluid. A viewing-side window 17 through which the body image 6 is transmitted is held. The irradiation side window 16 and the viewing side window 17 are made of quartz glass.

  In the present embodiment, the entire laser sheet light forming unit 4 is housed in the probe 9, and a quartz glass window is used as the irradiation side window 16 as a configuration different from the irradiation side prism 11 or the spherical lens 12. Is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the optical member provided on the distal end side of the irradiation side prism 11 and the spherical lens 12 can also be configured to serve as the irradiation side window 16. Thus, when one of the irradiation side prism 11 and the spherical lens 12 also serves as the irradiation side window 16, the laser sheet light 5 formed by the irradiation side prism 11 and the spherical lens 12 is reflected or refracted by the irradiation side window 16. There is an advantage that it is not affected by. In the present embodiment, the entire borescope 7 is housed in the probe 9 and the view side window 17 is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the view side window 17 is not provided. It is also possible to make the distal end portion 7 a of the borescope 7 project from the probe 9 toward the distal end side and be provided outside the probe 9. That is, at least a part of the laser sheet light forming unit 4 and the borescope 7 may be accommodated and held in the probe 9.

  Air supply means (cleaning medium) for supplying the probe 9 with air (cleaning medium) for cleaning the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the field side window 17 on the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the field side window 17 Supply means) 18 is provided. That is, the air supply means 18 includes an irradiation side window spray hole 19 that blows air onto the surface of the irradiation side window 16, a field side window spray hole 20 that blows air onto the surface of the field side window 17, and the inside of the probe 9. The air introduction hole 21 for supplying air to the space 10 is included, and the air introduced into the air introduction hole 21 passes through the internal space 10 of the probe 9 and the irradiation side window spray hole 19 and the view side window. It is supplied to the spray hole 20. Here, the pressure of the steam flowing in the casing 30 (see FIG. 2) of the steam turbine is generally lower than the atmospheric pressure. For this reason, when measuring the flow velocity of the steam flowing in the casing 30 of the steam turbine as in the present embodiment, the casing is provided in the air introduction hole 21 of the air supply means 18 without providing a compressor or the like. The outside air 30 is sucked in and blown out from the irradiation side window blowing hole 19 and the viewing side window blowing hole 20. In addition, when the pressure of the vapor | steam in the casing 30 is higher than atmospheric pressure, what is necessary is just to comprise the compressor for supplying air to the air introduction hole 21, and to be able to supply air.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a housing 22 that houses and holds the laser light oscillation unit 2 and the PIV camera 8 is connected to the probe 9. Two reflection mirrors 23 and 24 for refracting and guiding the laser beam 3 oscillated from the laser beam oscillation unit 2 are provided in the housing 22, and the laser beam 3 oscillated from the laser beam oscillation unit 2 is probed. 9 is guided inside. In this manner, the fluid velocity imaging device 25 is configured by the laser beam oscillation unit 2, the PIV camera 8, the housing 22, the laser sheet light forming unit 4, the borescope 7, and the probe 9. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fluid velocity imaging device 25 is attached to the casing 30 via a traverse device 34 in a state where the probe 9 is inserted into an insertion hole 31 provided in advance in the casing 30 of the steam turbine. The traverse device 34 is configured to be able to move the fluid velocity imaging device 25 in the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 and in the rotational direction with the longitudinal direction as the central axis. Thereby, the irradiation side window 16 and the view side window 17 can be moved to a desired position between the stationary blade 32 and the moving blade 33.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a computer 26 that calculates the velocity of a fluid to be measured by measuring the movement of water droplets on the PIV camera 8 based on the irradiated object image data obtained by the PIV camera 8. It is connected.

  A camera power supply 27 and a synchronization controller 28 are connected between the PIV camera 8 and the computer 26. The synchronous controller 28 is further connected to the laser beam oscillation unit 2 via a laser beam power source 29. The synchronization controller 28 synchronizes the timing at which the laser beam 3 is oscillated from the laser beam oscillator 2 and the timing at which the irradiated object image 6 is captured by the PIV camera 8. In this way, the fluid velocity measuring system 1 is configured.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, before attaching the fluid velocity imaging device 25 to the casing 30 of the steam turbine, the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 are adjusted. In this case, first, the inclination of the irradiation side prism 11 (see FIG. 3B) of the laser sheet light forming unit 4 so that the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is substantially parallel to the flow direction of the fluid to be measured. Adjust. Here, as an example, the angle formed by the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 and the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 is set to 30 °. Next, the visual field side prism 14 of the borescope 7 is adjusted so that the visual field direction of the borescope 7 is orthogonal to the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5. Here, the angle formed by the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the longitudinal direction of the image transmission path 13 is set to 120 °.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the probe 9 of the fluid velocity imaging device 25 is inserted into the insertion hole 31 of the casing 30, and the fluid velocity imaging device 25 is attached to the casing 30 via the traverse device 34. Thereafter, the fluid velocity imaging device 25 is moved by the traverse device 34 in the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 and in the rotation direction with the longitudinal direction as the central axis, and the irradiation side window 16 and the viewing side window 17 are moved to the stationary blade 32 and the moving blade 33. And move it to the desired position.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the laser beam 3 is oscillated from the laser beam oscillator 28 based on an instruction from the synchronous controller 28. The oscillated laser beam 3 is sent to the probe 9 through the two reflecting mirrors 23 and 24 and guided to the laser sheet light forming unit 4 through the internal space 10 of the probe 9.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the laser beam 3 guided to the laser sheet light forming unit 4 is guided to the spherical lens 12 with its irradiation direction changed by the irradiation side prism 11, and formed into a sheet shape. It is converted into laser sheet light 5.

  The laser sheet light 5 passes through the irradiation side window 16 and is irradiated into the fluid to be measured. By irradiating the water droplet in the fluid to be measured with the laser sheet light 5, light is emitted from the water droplet, and a two-dimensional irradiated object image 6 appears in the fluid to be measured and is observed by the borescope 7.

  That is, the irradiated object image 6 that appears in the fluid to be measured passes through the visual field side window 17 and the scope window 15 along the visual field direction of the borescope 7 and is captured by the visual field side prism 14. By the visual field side prism 14, the transmission direction of the irradiated object image 6 is converted into the longitudinal direction of the image transmission path 13, and is transmitted to the PIV camera 8 through the image transmission path 13.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the irradiated object image 6 transmitted to the PIV camera 8 is captured by the PIV camera 8 and converted into irradiated object image data. In this case, the irradiated object image 6 is captured based on an instruction from the synchronization controller 28. As a result, the irradiated object image 6 can be captured by the PIV camera 8 after a predetermined time has elapsed since the laser light 3 is oscillated from the laser light oscillator 2.

  The irradiated object image data converted by the PIV camera 8 is transmitted to the computer 26. Based on the irradiated object image data, the movement of the water droplet is measured, and the two-dimensional velocity of the measured fluid is calculated. . Thereby, the two-dimensional velocity of the flowing fluid can be measured.

  During this time, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), air outside the casing 30 is supplied from the air introduction hole 21 of the air supply means 18 to the internal space 10 of the probe 9. It is supplied to the irradiation side window spray hole 19 and the view side window spray hole 20 through the internal space 10. The supplied air is blown from the irradiation side window spray hole 19 to the irradiation side window 16 and from the view side window spray hole 20 to the view side window 17.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the borescope 7 and the laser sheet light forming unit 4 are accommodated and held in the probe 9, and the viewing direction of the borescope 7 is orthogonal to the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5. To be maintained. Thereby, the irradiated object image 6 that appears in the fluid to be measured can be captured with high accuracy. In this case, before the fluid velocity imaging device 25 is attached to the casing 30 of the steam turbine, the probe 9 of the fluid velocity imaging device 25 is attached to the steam by adjusting the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5. After insertion into the casing 30 of the turbine, it is not necessary to adjust the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5. As a result, the irradiated object image 6 can be taken quickly. Therefore, based on the irradiated object image data converted from the irradiated object image 6, the movement of the water droplet is measured by the computer 26, and the velocity of the measured fluid can be calculated with high accuracy. As a result, the velocity of the flowing fluid can be measured accurately and quickly.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the irradiated object image 6 observed by the borescope 7 having the image transmission path 13 extending linearly is transmitted to the PIV camera 8. Thereby, the irradiated object image 6 appearing in the fluid to be measured can be accurately transmitted to the PIV camera 8, and the irradiated object image 6 can be accurately captured by the PIV camera 8.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the air supply means 18 for supplying air to the irradiation side window 16 and the view side window 17 is provided, and air is blown to the irradiation side window 16 and the view side window 17. Thus, water droplets attached to the irradiation side window 16 and the visual field side window 17 can be removed, and light emitted from the water droplets irradiated with the laser sheet light adheres to the irradiation side window 16 and the visual field side window 17. Can prevent scattering or refraction. Further, the air outside the casing 30 is supplied to the inside of the probe 9, whereby the inside of the probe 9, particularly the borescope 7 can be cooled. This is particularly effective when, for example, the temperature of the steam flowing in the casing 30 becomes relatively high when the steam turbine is started.

  As described above, when a part of the laser sheet light forming unit 4 also serves as the irradiation side window 16, the probe 9 is connected to the laser sheet light forming unit 4 from the irradiation side window spray hole 19 of the air supply unit 18. If air is blown from the outside, it is possible to remove water droplets attached in the same manner.

  Further, when the distal end portion 7 a of the borescope 7 is arranged outside the probe 9, air is blown from the outside of the probe 9 to the distal end portion 7 a of the borescope 7 from the field-side window blowing hole 20 of the air supply means 18. If configured, it is possible to remove water droplets adhering in the same manner.

  Moreover, according to this Embodiment, the to-be-irradiated body image 6 is taken in from the one side with respect to the laser sheet light 5 irradiated to the to-be-measured fluid. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the flow of the fluid to be measured flowing through the measurement target region from being disturbed by the influence of the probe 9. For this reason, the speed of the fluid to be measured can be accurately measured.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the irradiated object image 6 is obtained by irradiating the water droplets contained in the measured fluid with the laser sheet light 5 without mixing the tracer particles in the measured fluid has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Solid or liquid fine tracer particles (irradiated body) are mixed in the fluid to be measured, and the tracer particles are irradiated with the laser sheet light 5 to be irradiated object image 6. May be obtained.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3A and 3B, the angle formed by the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the longitudinal direction of the image transmission path 13 is set to 120 °. In addition, an example in which the angle formed by the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 and the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 is set to 30 ° has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 can be set to arbitrary directions. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the distal end portion 13a of the image transmission path 13 of the borescope 7 is arranged closer to the fluid to be measured (the distal end side of the probe 9) than the laser sheet light forming portion 4, and the laser The sheet light 5 may be irradiated along the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 so that the visual field direction of the borescope 7 is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the image transmission path 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the laser sheet light forming unit 4 is arranged on the measured fluid side with respect to the distal end portion 13a of the image transmission path 13 of the borescope 7, and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is set. May be configured to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 so that the viewing direction of the borescope 7 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the image transmission path 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, the angle between the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 and the longitudinal direction of the probe 9 is set to θ, and the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the longitudinal direction of the image transmission path 13 are May be configured to be set to an angle represented by θ−π / 2. In this case, θ can be set to an arbitrary value over a predetermined range by adjusting the inclination of the irradiation side prism 11. In such a configuration, the laser sheet light 5 is substantially parallel to the fluid flow at various locations where the fluid flow directions are different by properly using the fluid flow in the measurement target region. The irradiated object image 6 can be taken by irradiation. For this reason, the velocity of the fluid in various places can be measured with high accuracy.

Next, a modified example of the fluid velocity measuring system according to the present invention will be described. In this modified example, the surface of the irradiation side window and the surface of the viewing side window are coated, and the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

  According to this modification, hydrophilic coating is applied to the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the viewing side window 17.

  Thus, according to this modification, since the hydrophilic coating is applied to the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the viewing side window 17, the water droplets adhered to the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the viewing side window 17. Spreads into a thin film without maintaining its shape. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the light emitted from the water droplet irradiated with the laser sheet light 5 from being scattered or refracted by the irradiation side window 16 and the view side window 17. For this reason, the irradiated object image 6 that appears in the fluid to be measured can be captured with high accuracy.

  In this modification, an example in which hydrophilic coating is applied to the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the viewing side window 17 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a water-repellent coating may be applied to the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the viewing side window 17. In this case, it is possible to prevent water droplets from adhering to the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the visual field side window 17. Alternatively, an antireflection coating may be applied to the surface of the irradiation side window 16 and the surface of the view side window 17. In this case, the light emitted from the water droplets irradiated with the laser sheet light 5 can be prevented from being reflected by the irradiation side window 16 and the view side window 17.

Other Modifications of the Invention Further, other modifications of the fluid velocity measuring system according to the present invention will be described. In this modification, the surface of the turbine structure irradiated with the laser sheet light is subjected to blackening treatment, and the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. Are the same.

  According to this modification, a back body to be irradiated with the laser sheet light 5, that is, a turbine structure (such as a stationary blade 32 and a moving blade 33 (see FIG. 2)) is provided in the fluid to be measured. Blackening treatment is applied to the surface of the object that is irradiated with the laser sheet light 5.

  As described above, according to the present modification, the surface of the turbine structure such as the stationary blade 32 and the moving blade 33 irradiated with the laser sheet light 5 is subjected to the blackening process, so that the fluid to be measured is irradiated. It is possible to prevent the laser sheet light 5 from being irradiated and reflected on the turbine structure. For this reason, the irradiated object image 6 that appears in the fluid to be measured can be captured with high accuracy.

Second Embodiment Next, a fluid velocity measuring system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The fluid velocity measurement system according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is provided with an irradiation side prism driving unit that drives the irradiation side prism and a viewing side prism driving unit that drives the viewing side prism. However, the other configuration is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the same parts as those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a field-side actuator (field-direction changing drive unit) 40 that drives the field-side prism 14 is connected to the field-side prism 14 of the borescope 7. Further, an irradiation side actuator (irradiation direction changing drive unit) 41 for driving the irradiation side prism 11 is connected to the irradiation side prism 11 of the laser sheet light forming unit 4.

  Actuator control unit (driving unit control means) for controlling the visual field side actuator 40 and the irradiation side actuator 41 so that the visual field direction of the borescope 7 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 are orthogonal to the visual field side actuator 40 and the irradiation side actuator 41 ) 42 is connected.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is set to the irradiation side while being controlled by the actuator controller 42 so that the viewing direction of the borescope 7 and the viewing direction of the laser sheet light 5 are always orthogonal to each other. While being changed by the actuator 41, the visual field direction of the borescope 7 is changed by the visual field side actuator 40. Thereby, the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 can be set easily and quickly so that the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is substantially parallel to the fluid flow. In this case, the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 and the visual field direction of the borescope 7 are changed so that the visual field direction of the borescope 7 and the visual field direction of the laser sheet light 5 are always orthogonal to each other. The irradiated object image 6 that appears can be captured with high accuracy. As a result, the velocity of the flowing fluid can be measured accurately and quickly.

Third Embodiment Next, a fluid velocity measuring system according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The fluid velocity measurement system in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is mainly different in that an object image is picked up using two borescopes and two PIV cameras. Or substantially the same as the first embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, the same parts as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

  The fluid velocity measurement system shown in FIG. 7 is an irradiated object image 6 that appears in the measured fluid by the laser sheet light 5 irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit 4, and is a first object viewed from a first direction. A first borescope 50 for observing an irradiated body image, and an irradiated body image 6 arranged on the same side as the first borescope 50 with respect to the laser sheet light 5 and appearing in a fluid to be measured, And a second borescope 51 for observing a second irradiated object image viewed from a second direction different from the first direction.

  Connected to the first borescope 50 is a first PIV camera (first image imaging means) 52 that captures the first irradiated object image observed by the first borescope 50 and converts it into first irradiated object image data. Has been.

  Connected to the second borescope 51 is a second PIV camera (second image capturing means) 53 that captures the second irradiated object image observed by the second borescope 51 and converts it into second irradiated object image data. Has been.

  The first borescope 50, the second borescope 51, and the laser sheet light forming unit 4 are housed and held in a probe (housing body) 54 extending to the fluid to be measured. As a result, the angle formed by the viewing direction of the first borescope 50 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is maintained constant, and the viewing direction of the second borescope 51 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 are formed. The angle is kept constant. The probe 54 has an internal space 55, and the laser light 3 oscillated from the laser light oscillating unit 2 is guided to the laser sheet light forming unit 4 through the internal space 55.

  Among these, the first borescope 50 extends linearly toward the fluid to be measured, and includes a first image transmission path (not shown) for transmitting the first irradiated object image to the first PIV camera 52, and a first. A first visual field side prism (not shown) is provided at the distal end portion (the measured fluid side end portion) of the image transmission path and changes the visual field direction of the first borescope 50. Among these, the 1st visual field side prism is attached to the front-end | tip part of a 1st image transmission path so that rotation is possible.

  Similarly, the second borescope 51 extends linearly toward the fluid to be measured, a second image transmission path (not shown) for transmitting the second irradiated object image to the second PIV camera 53, and A second field-side prism (not shown) that changes the field direction of the second borescope 51 is provided at the tip of the two-image transmission path (end to be measured fluid side). Among these, the 2nd visual field side prism is attached to the front-end | tip part of a 2nd image transmission path so that rotation is possible.

  The probe 54 holds the irradiation side window 16 through which the laser sheet light 5 irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit 4 is transmitted, and the first visual field side window through which the first irradiated object image appearing in the fluid to be measured is transmitted. 56 and a second visual field side window 57 through which the second irradiated object image is transmitted. These irradiation side window 16, the 1st visual field side window 56, and the 2nd visual field side window 57 consist of quartz glass.

  A first lens 58 is provided between the first field-side window 56 and a first field-side prism (not shown) of the first borescope 50. The first lens 58 and the first field-side prism are: The angle offsets are arranged so that the optical axes coincide with each other. Similarly, a second lens 59 is provided between the second field-side window 57 and the second field-side prism (not shown) of the second borescope 51, and the second lens 59 and the second field-side prism are provided. Is arranged with an angular offset so that the optical axes coincide with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a housing 60 that houses and holds the laser light oscillation unit 2, the first PIV camera 52, and the second PIV camera 53 is connected to the probe 54. In this way, the laser light oscillation unit 2, the first PIV camera 52, the second PIV camera 53, the housing 60, the laser sheet light forming unit 4, the first borescope 50, and the second borescope. The fluid velocity imaging device 61 is configured by 51 and the probe 54.

  Based on the first irradiated object image data obtained by the first PIV camera 52 and the second irradiated object image data obtained by the second PIV camera 53 on the first PIV camera 52 and the second PIV camera 53. A computer (speed calculation means) 62 for calculating the velocity of the fluid to be measured by measuring the movement of the irradiated object is connected.

  A camera power source 63 and a synchronization controller 64 are connected between the first PIV camera 52 and the computer 62. The synchronization controller 64 is further connected to the laser beam oscillation unit 2 via the laser beam power source 29. The synchronization controller 64 oscillates the laser beam 3 from the laser beam oscillation unit 2 and the timing at which the first PIV camera 52 and the second PIV camera 53 capture the first irradiated body image and the second irradiated body image. Synchronized. In this way, the fluid velocity measuring system 1 is configured.

  When measuring the velocity of the fluid flowing in the fluid velocity measuring system 1 shown in FIG. 7, before attaching the fluid velocity imaging device 61 to the casing 30 of the steam turbine, the viewing direction of the first borescope 50, the second bore The viewing direction of the scope 51 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 are adjusted. In this case, first, the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is adjusted so as to be substantially parallel to the flow direction of the fluid to be measured, and the viewing direction of the first borescope 50 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 are formed. The angle is set to a predetermined angle, and the angle formed by the irradiation direction of the second borescope 51 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is set to a predetermined angle.

  Next, the fluid velocity imaging device 61 is attached to the casing 30 of the steam turbine via a traverse device (not shown).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the laser beam 3 is oscillated from the laser beam oscillator 2 based on an instruction from the synchronous controller 64. The oscillated laser beam 3 is guided to the laser sheet light forming unit 4 through the internal space 55 of the probe 54.

  The laser light 3 guided to the laser sheet light forming unit 4 is guided to the spherical lens 12 (see FIG. 3B) with its irradiation direction changed by the irradiation side prism 11, and formed into a sheet shape. It is converted into sheet light 5.

  The laser sheet light 5 passes through the irradiation side window 16 and is irradiated into the fluid to be measured. By irradiating the water droplets in the fluid to be measured with the laser sheet light 5, light is emitted from the water droplets, and a two-dimensional irradiated object image appears in the fluid to be measured, and the first borescope 50 and the second bore Observed by the scope 51.

  That is, the irradiated object image that appears in the fluid to be measured is transmitted to the first PIV camera 52 through the first visual field side window 56 along the visual field direction of the first borescope 50 viewed from the first direction. And transmitted through the second visual field side window 57 along the visual field direction of the second borescope 51 viewed from the second direction to the second PIV camera 53.

  The first irradiated object image transmitted to the first PIV camera 52 is captured by the first PIV camera 52, converted into first irradiated object image data, and transmitted to the second PIV camera 53. Two irradiated object images are captured by the second PIV camera 53 and converted into second irradiated object image data. In this case, the first irradiated object image is captured by the first PIV camera 52 based on the instruction from the synchronization controller 64, and the second irradiated object image is captured by the second PIV camera 53. As a result, the first irradiated object image and the second irradiated object image are simultaneously obtained by the first PIV camera 52 and the second PIV camera 53 after a predetermined time has elapsed after the laser light 3 is oscillated from the laser light oscillation unit 2. An image can be taken.

  The first irradiated object image data converted by the first PIV camera 52 and the second irradiated object image data converted by the second PIV camera 53 are transmitted to the computer 62, and the first irradiated object image data and Based on the second irradiated object image data, the movement of the water droplet is measured, and the three-dimensional velocity of the fluid to be measured is calculated. Thereby, the three-dimensional velocity of the flowing fluid can be measured.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the laser sheet light forming unit 4, the first borescope 50, and the second borescope 51 are housed and held in the probe 54, and the visual field direction of the first borescope 50 and the laser The angle formed between the irradiation direction of the sheet light 5 is maintained constant, and the angle formed between the viewing direction of the second borescope 51 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5 is maintained constant. This makes it possible to accurately capture the first irradiated object image viewed from the first direction and the second irradiated object image viewed from the second direction different from the first direction. it can. In this case, before attaching the fluid velocity imaging device 61 to the casing 30 of the steam turbine, the visual field direction of the first borescope 50 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5, and the visual field direction of the second borescope 51 and the laser sheet light 5. If the probe 54 of the fluid velocity imaging device 61 is inserted into the casing 30 of the steam turbine, the viewing direction of the first borescope 50, the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5, and the second There is no need to adjust the viewing direction of the borescope 51 and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light 5. Thereby, a 1st to-be-irradiated body image and a 2nd to-be-irradiated body image can be imaged rapidly. For this reason, the movement of the water droplet is measured by the computer 62 based on the first irradiated object image data and the second irradiated object image data converted from the first irradiated object image and the second irradiated object image, The three-dimensional velocity of the fluid to be measured can be calculated with high accuracy. As a result, the three-dimensional velocity of the flowing fluid can be measured accurately and quickly.

  In the present embodiment, the first lens 58 and the first field-side prism are offset from each other so that their optical axes coincide with each other, and the second lens 59 and the second field-side prism are each provided. The example in which the angle offset is arranged so that the optical axes of these coincide with each other has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first lens 58 is disposed so as to be offset from the optical axis of the first visual field side prism, and the second lens 59 is offset from the optical axis of the second visual field side prism. Alternatively, a lens offset may be arranged. Even in this case, the three-dimensional velocity of the flowing fluid can be accurately measured.

  Further, the surface of the first lens 58, the surface of the first visual field side prism, and the surface of the laser sheet light 5 are arranged so that the sheet surface intersects uniaxially, and the surface of the second lens 59, the second visual field. Sine proof may be arranged so that the surface of the side prism and the sheet surface of the laser sheet light 5 intersect on one axis. Even in this case, the three-dimensional velocity of the flowing fluid can be accurately measured.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluid velocity measurement system 2 Laser light oscillation part 3 Laser light 4 Laser sheet light formation part 5 Laser sheet light 6 Object image 7 Borescope 7a Tip part 8 PIV camera 9 Probe 10 Inner space 11 Irradiation side prism 12 Spherical lens 13 Image transmission path 13a Front end portion 14 View side prism 15 Scope window 16 Irradiation side window 17 View side window 18 Air supply means 19 Irradiation side window spray hole 20 View side window spray hole 21 Air introduction hole 22 Housing 23 Reflection mirror 24 reflection mirror 25 fluid velocity imaging device 26 computer 27 camera power supply 28 synchronous controller 29 laser light power supply 30 casing 31 insertion hole 32 stationary blade 33 moving blade 34 traverse device 40 visual field side actuator 41 irradiation side actuator 42 actuator control unit 50 first bore Scope 51 2nd bore Corp 52 First PIV camera 53 Second PIV camera 54 Probe 55 Internal space 56 First field side window 57 Second field side window 58 First lens 59 Second lens 60 Case 61 Fluid velocity imaging device 62 Computer 63 Camera power source 64 Synchronous controller

Claims (12)

A laser beam oscillation unit for oscillating a laser beam;
A laser sheet light forming section that converts the laser light oscillated from the laser light oscillation section into a laser sheet light formed into a sheet shape and irradiates it into the fluid to be measured;
A borescope for observing the irradiated object image that appears in the fluid to be measured by the laser sheet light irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit,
Image capturing means for capturing an image of an irradiated object observed by the borescope and converting it into irradiated object image data;
The borescope and said laser light sheet forming part is held at least partially housed in the housing comprising a Rutotomoni internal space extending in the fluid to be measured side.
The fluid velocity measuring system, wherein the laser beam oscillated from the laser beam oscillation unit is guided to the laser sheet beam forming unit through the internal space of the storage body .   The fluid velocity measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the visual field direction of the borescope is orthogonal to the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light. The borescope extends linearly to the fluid to be measured side, and is provided rotatably at an end of the fluid to be measured, and has a visual field direction changing unit that changes the visual field direction of the borescope,
3. The fluid velocity according to claim 2, wherein the laser sheet light forming unit includes an irradiation direction changing unit that is rotatably provided in the housing and changes an irradiation direction of the laser sheet light. Measuring system. The visual field direction changing unit of the borescope is provided with a visual field direction changing drive unit for driving the visual field direction changing unit,
An irradiation direction change drive unit that drives the irradiation direction change unit is provided in the irradiation direction change unit of the laser sheet light forming unit,
Drive that controls the viewing direction change driving unit and the irradiation direction change driving unit so that the viewing direction of the borescope and the irradiation direction of the laser sheet light are orthogonal to the viewing direction change driving unit and the irradiation direction change driving unit. The fluid velocity measurement system according to claim 3, wherein a part control means is connected. An irradiation side window through which the laser sheet light irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit is transmitted is held in the storage body,
The fluid velocity measurement system according to claim 1, wherein a cleaning medium supply unit that supplies a cleaning medium to a surface of the irradiation side window is provided in the storage body.   The fluid velocity measurement system according to claim 5, wherein a part of the laser sheet light forming unit also serves as the irradiation side window. A visual field side window that transmits the irradiated object image that appears in the fluid to be measured is held in the storage body,
The fluid velocity measuring system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the cleaning medium supply means is configured to supply a cleaning medium also to the surface of the visual field side window. The front end portion of the borescope is provided outside the storage body,
The fluid velocity measurement system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the cleaning medium supply means is configured to supply a cleaning medium also to a distal end portion of the borescope.   9. The fluid velocity measuring system according to claim 1, wherein a back body that is irradiated with laser sheet light and has a blackened surface is provided in the fluid to be measured. . A laser beam oscillation unit for oscillating a laser beam;
A laser sheet light forming section that converts the laser light oscillated from the laser light oscillation section into a laser sheet light formed into a sheet shape and irradiates it into the fluid to be measured;
A first borescope for observing a first irradiated object image viewed from a first direction, which is an irradiated object image that appears in the fluid to be measured by the laser sheet light irradiated from the laser sheet light forming unit;
An irradiated object image that is arranged on the same side as the first borescope with respect to the laser sheet light and appears in the fluid to be measured, and is a second object viewed from a second direction different from the first direction. A second borescope for observing the illuminator image;
First image capturing means for capturing a first irradiated object image observed by the first borescope and converting it into first irradiated object image data;
A second image capturing means for capturing a second irradiated object image observed by the second borescope and converting it into second irradiated object image data;
The first borescope, the second borescope, and the laser light sheet forming part is retained held in the holding member containing Rutotomoni internal space extending in the fluid to be measured side.
The fluid velocity measuring system, wherein the laser beam oscillated from the laser beam oscillation unit is guided to the laser sheet beam forming unit through the internal space of the storage body . In the fluid velocity measuring method which measures the velocity of the fluid using the fluid velocity measuring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
  Oscillating a laser beam from the laser beam oscillation unit, converting the oscillated laser beam into a laser sheet beam by the laser sheet beam forming unit, and irradiating the laser sheet beam into the fluid to be measured;
  The irradiated object image that appears in the fluid to be measured by the irradiated laser sheet light is observed by the borescope, and the observed irradiated object image is captured by the image imaging means and converted into irradiated object image data. A fluid velocity measuring method comprising the steps of: In the fluid velocity measuring method of measuring the velocity of the fluid using the fluid velocity measuring system according to claim 10,
  Oscillating a laser beam from the laser beam oscillation unit, converting the oscillated laser beam into a laser sheet beam by the laser sheet beam forming unit, and irradiating the laser sheet beam into the fluid to be measured;
  An irradiated object image appearing in the fluid to be measured by the irradiated laser sheet light, the first irradiated object image viewed from the first direction is observed by the first borescope, and the first observed Capturing an object image by the first image capturing means and converting the image to first object image data;
  An irradiated object image that appears in the fluid to be measured by the irradiated laser sheet light, the second irradiated object image viewed from the second direction is observed by the second borescope, and the second observed A fluid velocity measuring method comprising: imaging an object image by the second image capturing unit and converting the image to second object image data.

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