JP4778863B2 - Outer layer material of composite roll for rolling made by centrifugal casting - Google Patents
Outer layer material of composite roll for rolling made by centrifugal casting Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、耐摩耗性、耐肌荒れ性および耐事故性に優れた遠心鋳造製圧延用複合ロ−ルの外層材に関する。 The present invention relates to an outer layer material of a composite roll for rolling made by centrifugal casting having excellent wear resistance, rough skin resistance and accident resistance.
近年、圧延技術の向上に伴い、圧延時のロ−ルへの負荷はより過酷になってきている。かかる状況下、より耐摩耗性・耐事故性に優れ、かつ、ロ−ル原単位にも優れたロ−ルが要求されている。かかる事情の元で、遠心鋳造製圧延用複合ロ−ルの中でも、特に熱延仕上後段に用いられるニッケルグレンロ−ルにおいて、圧延使用に供する外層に硬質炭化物を分散させることで耐摩耗性の向上が図られてきた（特許文献１〜３）。特許文献１は、VおよびNbの同時添加で耐摩耗性を向上し、かつ重力偏析を抑制するものである。特許文献２は、VおよびNbの同時添加＋Mg/Ca添加でMC炭化物を微細均一分散化し、耐摩耗性・耐肌荒れ性・耐事故性を向上するものである。特許文献３は、VおよびNbの同時添加＋Al、 B添加で耐摩耗性・耐焼き付き性を向上するものである。 In recent years, with the improvement of rolling technology, the load on the roll during rolling has become more severe. Under such circumstances, there is a demand for a roll that is more excellent in wear resistance and accident resistance, and also has an excellent roll basic unit. Under such circumstances, among the rolls for rolling made by centrifugal casting, particularly in the nickel grain roll used in the subsequent stage of hot rolling, the wear resistance is improved by dispersing hard carbide in the outer layer used for rolling use. Improvement has been attempted (Patent Documents 1 to 3). In Patent Document 1, wear resistance is improved by simultaneous addition of V and Nb, and gravity segregation is suppressed. In Patent Document 2, MC carbide is finely and uniformly dispersed by simultaneous addition of V and Nb + Mg / Ca to improve wear resistance, rough skin resistance, and accident resistance. In Patent Document 3, wear resistance and seizure resistance are improved by the simultaneous addition of V and Nb + addition of Al and B.
上記特許文献１〜３に示されるように、硬質炭化物（MC）を形成させ耐摩耗性を向上させる効果の高い元素としてはV、Nbが知られている。しかし、外層材溶湯にこれらの元素を添加して遠心鋳造した場合には、凝固過程で形成されるこれらの炭化物と溶湯とには比重差があるので（VC：5.65g/cc、NbC：7.89g/cc、溶湯：約7g/cc）、軽いVCは内側、重いNbCは外側へ偏りやすいと言った遠心鋳造特有の重力偏析が生じることになる。このため、粗大なMC炭化物の生成や結晶粒の粗大化が特に内周側で顕著となり、その部位がロ−ル表面に出てくるといわゆる肌荒れ現象が顕著となり、被圧延材に模様が転写されてしまうという不具合が発生する。そこで、使用径が残っている段階で廃却したり、仕上最終段での使用は避けなければならないといった圧延操業時の手間や、これを抑制するためにこれらの元素の添加量が制限され耐摩耗性の向上代が小さくなってしまうといった問題点があった。 As shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, V and Nb are known as elements having a high effect of forming hard carbide (MC) and improving wear resistance. However, when these elements are added to the outer layer molten metal and centrifugally cast, there is a difference in specific gravity between these carbides and molten metal formed in the solidification process (VC: 5.65 g / cc, NbC: 7.89) (g / cc, molten metal: approx. 7g / cc) Gravity segregation peculiar to centrifugal casting that light VC tends to be biased inside and heavy NbC tends to bias outward. For this reason, the formation of coarse MC carbides and coarsening of crystal grains become particularly noticeable on the inner circumference side, and when the part comes out on the roll surface, the so-called rough surface phenomenon becomes prominent, and the pattern is transferred to the material to be rolled. The problem of being done occurs. Therefore, the amount of these elements is limited and the amount of addition of these elements is limited in order to suppress the labor during rolling operations that must be discarded at the stage where the diameter of use remains or must be avoided in the final finishing stage. There was a problem that the allowance for improvement in wearability was reduced.
VとともにNbをただ単に同時添加するだけでは、重力偏析の抑制効果は充分ではなく、また耐摩耗性向上効果も必ずしも充分とは言えず、ロ−ルの廃却径付近になると重力偏析に起因する粗大な炭化物や結晶粒が出現し、肌荒れを起こして被圧延材の品質に支障をきたすと言った問題点があった。この問題を回避するために使用径を限定するという手法もあるが、それではロ−ル原単位が低下し、コストアップという新たな問題を呈する。 Simply adding Nb together with V is not sufficient to suppress gravity segregation, and is not necessarily sufficient to improve wear resistance. Coarse carbides and crystal grains appear, which causes a problem of rough skin and hinders the quality of the material to be rolled. In order to avoid this problem, there is a method of limiting the diameter of use, but in this case, the roll basic unit is lowered, which presents a new problem of cost increase.
本発明は、耐摩耗性を向上させるためにVとともにNbを同時に添加した時の重力偏析の発生および粗大なMC炭化物や粗大結晶粒の晶出といった問題点を解決し、耐摩耗性が高くかつ肌荒れ等の品質問題のない高品質な遠心鋳造製圧延用複合ロ−ルを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the problems of the occurrence of gravity segregation and the crystallization of coarse MC carbides and coarse grains when Nb is added together with V in order to improve the wear resistance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-quality composite roll for centrifugal casting made of rolling that has no quality problems such as rough skin.
本発明者が、種々のV/Nb比の合金を作製し、出現した相（レーデブライトM3C、
硬質炭化物MC、基地）の化学組成を調べてみたところ、それらの相の組成に特異な傾向があることがわかった。
The inventor made alloys with various V / Nb ratios and appeared phases (Ladebright M 3 C,
When the chemical composition of hard carbide MC (base) was examined, it was found that there was a unique tendency in the composition of these phases.
すなわち、Vは添加量1%まではM3Cに固溶するためMCの晶出にはほとんど関与せず、（V−1）%分のみがMC晶出に関与するが、NbはM3Cへの固溶がほとんどなく、添加した分だけMCの形成に寄与している。一方、Vが多すぎるとNbを添加しても遠心鋳造時に外側と内側で組成差（偏析）が生じるが、ある添加割合では組成差が出ないことがわかった。更に、偏析の生じない添加割合を詳細に調べていくと、MC形成に寄与する（V−1）%とNb%との特定比率で整理できることが判明した。本発明では、VとともにNbをただ単に同時添加するだけでは解決できなかった肌荒れ問題を、それらの最適な添加割合を規定することで解決できることを発見した。 That is, V is solidly dissolved in M 3 C up to an addition amount of 1%, so it hardly participates in MC crystallization, and only (V−1)% is involved in MC crystallization, but Nb is M 3 There is almost no solid solution in C, and the added amount contributes to the formation of MC. On the other hand, it was found that when V is too much, a compositional difference (segregation) occurs between the outside and inside during centrifugal casting even if Nb is added, but there is no compositional difference at a certain addition ratio. Furthermore, it was found that when the addition ratio at which segregation does not occur was examined in detail, it was possible to organize by a specific ratio of (V-1)% and Nb% that contribute to MC formation. In the present invention, it has been found that the rough skin problem that cannot be solved by simply adding Nb together with V can be solved by defining the optimum addition ratio thereof.
かかる知見に基づき、本発明によれば、質量％でC：2.5〜3.4％、Si：0.5〜2.0％、Mn：0.5〜1.0％、Ni：3.0〜6.0％、Cr：1.0〜2.0％、Mo：0.2〜0.8％、V：1.0〜4.0％、Nb：0.2〜1.0％含有すると共に、VとNbの質量％が下記（１）、（２）式を満たし、残部Feおよび不可避不純物からなることを特徴とする、遠心鋳造製圧延用複合ロ−ルの外層材が提供される。
1≦（V−1）／Nb≦４・・・（１）
0.7≦1.8（V−1）+Nb≦5.0・・・（２）
Based on this knowledge, according to the present invention, C: 2.5-3.4%, Si: 0.5-2.0%, Mn: 0.5-1.0%, Ni: 3.0-6.0%, Cr: 1.0-2.0%, Mo according to the present invention. : 0.2 to 0.8%, V: 1.0 to 4.0%, Nb: 0.2 to 1.0%, and the mass% of V and Nb satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2), and consists of the remainder Fe and inevitable impurities The outer layer material of a composite roll for rolling made by centrifugal casting is provided.
1 ≦ (V−1) / Nb ≦ 4 (1)
0.7 ≦ 1.8 (V−1) + Nb ≦ 5.0 (2)
この外層材は、更に、質量％でB：0.01〜0.1%を含むことができる。 The outer layer material may further contain B: 0.01 to 0.1% by mass%.
本発明によれば、耐摩耗性に優れ、重力偏析および粗大なMC炭化物の晶出による肌荒れのない高性能遠心鋳造製圧延用複合ロ−ルの外層材を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an outer layer material of a composite roll for rolling with high performance centrifugal casting that is excellent in wear resistance and free from roughening due to gravity segregation and crystallization of coarse MC carbides.
先ず、本発明の外層材の各成分について、その限定理由を説明する。なお、以下において、％はいずれも質量％である。 First, the reasons for limitation of each component of the outer layer material of the present invention will be described. In the following, “%” means “% by mass”.
C：炭化物、黒鉛形成元素であり、2.5%未満では炭化物の量が不足し、耐摩耗性が低下する。一方、3.4%を超えると炭化物の量が過多となり、耐事故性が劣化する。よって2.5〜3.4%に限定した。 C: Carbide and graphite-forming element. If it is less than 2.5%, the amount of carbide is insufficient and wear resistance is reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 3.4%, the amount of carbide becomes excessive, and the accident resistance deteriorates. Therefore, it was limited to 2.5-3.4%.
Si：黒鉛化促進元素であり、Cの炭化物／黒鉛の比率に影響を及ぼす。0.5%未満では黒鉛量が不足し、2.0%以上では効果は飽和するため、0.5〜2.0%に限定した。 Si: Graphitization accelerating element that affects the C carbide / graphite ratio. If it is less than 0.5%, the amount of graphite is insufficient, and if it is 2.0% or more, the effect is saturated, so it is limited to 0.5 to 2.0%.
Mn：基地を硬化させ耐摩耗性を向上する元素である。0.5%未満では効果が小さく、1.0%を超えると脆くなりすぎてしまう。よって0.5〜1.0%に限定した。 Mn: An element that hardens the matrix and improves wear resistance. If it is less than 0.5%, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 1.0%, it becomes too brittle. Therefore, it was limited to 0.5 to 1.0%.
Ni：焼き入れ性を向上し、基地を硬化させて耐摩耗性を向上させる。3.0%未満ではかかる効果が少なく、6.0%を超えると残留オ−ステナイトの増加で鋳放し時の割れを助長する。よって3.0〜6.0に限定した。 Ni: Improves hardenability and hardens the base to improve wear resistance. If it is less than 3.0%, such an effect is small, and if it exceeds 6.0%, an increase in retained austenite promotes cracking during as-casting. Therefore, it limited to 3.0-6.0.
Cr：焼き入れ性を向上すると共に黒鉛量と炭化物量にも影響を及ぼす。1.0%未満では効果が不十分で充分な硬さが得られないだけでなく、炭化物量が過少となる。2.0%を超えると炭化物が過多になり、また著しく黒鉛化を阻害するため脆くなってしまう。よって1.0〜2.0%とした。 Cr: Improves hardenability and affects the amount of graphite and carbide. If it is less than 1.0%, the effect is insufficient and sufficient hardness cannot be obtained, and the amount of carbide is too small. If it exceeds 2.0%, the amount of carbides becomes excessive, and it becomes brittle because it significantly inhibits graphitization. Therefore, it was set to 1.0 to 2.0%.
Mo：焼き入れ性を向上し、基地を硬化させるとともに炭化物も形成し、耐摩耗性の向上に寄与する。0.2%未満ではかかる効果が不十分で、0.8%を超えると黒鉛化を阻害するとともに残留オ−ステナイトを増加させる。よって0.2〜0.8%に限定した。 Mo: Improves hardenability, hardens the matrix and forms carbides, contributing to improved wear resistance. If it is less than 0.2%, such an effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.8%, graphitization is inhibited and retained austenite is increased. Therefore, it was limited to 0.2 to 0.8%.
V：硬質のMC炭化物を形成する元素であり、耐摩耗性の向上に寄与する。1.0%未満では効果はほとんどなく、4.0%以上では著しく黒鉛化を阻害し耐事故性が劣化する。よって1.0〜4.0%とした。 V: An element that forms hard MC carbide and contributes to improvement of wear resistance. If it is less than 1.0%, there is almost no effect, and if it is 4.0% or more, graphitization is significantly inhibited and the accident resistance is deteriorated. Therefore, it was set to 1.0 to 4.0%.
Nb：硬質のMC炭化物を形成する元素であり、耐摩耗性の向上に寄与する。0.2%未満ではかかる効果は不十分で、1.0%を超えると炭化物が粗大化すると共に白銑化が顕著となる。よって0.2〜1.0%とした。 Nb: An element that forms hard MC carbide and contributes to improvement of wear resistance. If it is less than 0.2%, such an effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 1.0%, the carbides become coarse and whitening becomes remarkable. Therefore, it was set to 0.2 to 1.0%.
本発明の外層材の基本成分は以上の通りであるが、その他の成分として、B：0.01〜0.1%を含んでも良い。Bは、黒鉛の微細分散に効果を有する元素である。0.01%未満では効果は不十分で、0.1%を超えると耐摩耗性が低下する。 Although the basic components of the outer layer material of the present invention are as described above, B: 0.01 to 0.1% may be included as other components. B is an element having an effect on fine dispersion of graphite. If it is less than 0.01%, the effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.1%, the wear resistance decreases.
更に、本発明の外層材にあっては、VとNbの添加割合が次のように規定される。 Furthermore, in the outer layer material of the present invention, the addition ratio of V and Nb is defined as follows.
1≦（V−1）／Nb≦４・・・（１）
この比（V−1）/Nbは、本発明の組成範囲でのMC中のV量とNb量の比率を表す。（V−1）はV添加量のうちMC形成に寄与する分を示している。これは添加量の1%がM3C中に取り込まれるためその分を差し引いた（V−1）がMC形成に寄与することになるためである。一方NbはM3Cへの取り込みがほとんどないため、添加した量がそのままMC形成に寄与する。この比（V−1）/Nbは、遠心鋳造時の重力偏析の発生および粗大なMC炭化物の晶出の起こりやすさに影響を及ぼす。つまりこの比が4を超えるとMCはV
richとなり、重力偏析が起こりやすくなる。一方、この比（V−1）/Nbが小さすぎるとNb
richとなり、粗大なMCが晶出しやすくなるので下限を1とした。なお、［1.8（V−1）+Nb］が少ない、すなわちMC晶出量が少ない場合には、（V−1）/Nb＜1でも粗大なMCが晶出せず、また（V−1）/Nb＞４でも重力偏析が起こらない場合もあるが、MC晶出量に関わらず重力偏析の発生を起こさず、かつ粗大なMCを晶出させないために、（V−1）/Nbを1〜４の範囲に限定した。
1 ≦ (V−1) / Nb ≦ 4 (1)
This ratio (V-1) / Nb represents the ratio of the amount of V and the amount of Nb in MC in the composition range of the present invention. (V-1) indicates the amount of V addition that contributes to MC formation. This is because 1% of the added amount is taken into M 3 C, and (V-1) subtracting that amount contributes to MC formation. On the other hand, since Nb hardly takes up M 3 C, the added amount directly contributes to MC formation. This ratio (V-1) / Nb affects the occurrence of gravity segregation during centrifugal casting and the crystallization of coarse MC carbides. In other words, when this ratio exceeds 4, MC becomes V
It becomes rich and gravity segregation easily occurs. On the other hand, if this ratio (V-1) / Nb is too small, Nb
The lower limit is set to 1 because it becomes rich and coarse MC is easily crystallized. When [1.8 (V−1) + Nb] is small, that is, when the amount of MC crystallization is small, coarse MC does not crystallize even when (V−1) / Nb <1, and (V−1) Gravity segregation may not occur even if / Nb> 4, but in order to prevent the occurrence of gravity segregation regardless of the amount of MC crystallization and to prevent coarse MC from crystallizing, (V−1) / Nb is set to 1. Limited to a range of ~ 4.
0.7≦1.8（V−1）+Nb≦5.0・・・（２）
本発明では［1.8（V−1）+Nb］で表される量が5.0以下である。これより大きくなるとMC量は増えるが白銑化傾向が強くなりすぎ、耐事故性が劣化する。またこの量が0.7より小さい場合にはMC量が不十分で充分な耐摩耗性向上効果が得られない。よって0.7〜5.0と限定した。
0.7 ≦ 1.8 (V−1) + Nb ≦ 5.0 (2)
In the present invention, the amount represented by [1.8 (V−1) + Nb] is 5.0 or less. If it is larger than this, the amount of MC increases, but the tendency to whitening becomes too strong, and the accident resistance deteriorates. On the other hand, if this amount is less than 0.7, the MC amount is insufficient and a sufficient effect of improving wear resistance cannot be obtained. Therefore, it was limited to 0.7-5.0.
本発明の外層材は、以上に説明した成分以外は、残部Feおよび不可避不純物からなる。 The outer layer material of the present invention comprises the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities other than the components described above.
表１に示す組成の合金を溶解し、FeSiで接種（Si量で0.1%添加相当）した後、遠心鋳造機にて外径φ600、長さ2000mm、厚さ70mmとなるように鋳造した。室温まで冷却後、歪取りおよび残留オ−ステナイト分解のため450℃×10h加熱保持後徐冷した。そこから試験片を切り出し、各種供試材とした。 An alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 was melted and inoculated with FeSi (equivalent to 0.1% addition of Si), and then cast with a centrifugal casting machine to have an outer diameter of φ600, a length of 2000 mm, and a thickness of 70 mm. After cooling to room temperature, it was gradually cooled after being heated at 450 ° C. for 10 hours to remove strain and decompose residual austenite. The test piece was cut out from there and used as various test materials.
（高温摩耗試験にて摩耗量調査）
供試材と相手材（炭素鋼）の２円盤によるすべり摩耗式による評価を行った。相手材を800℃に加熱し、供試材を水冷しながら周速50m/minで回転させ、両円盤のすべり率を6%として荷重400kgで20000回転試験を行ない、試験前後での供試材の重量変化を摩耗量（g）とした。
(Investigation of wear by high temperature wear test)
Evaluation was performed by a sliding wear method using a two-disc disk of a specimen and a counterpart (carbon steel). Heat the mating material to 800 ° C, rotate the specimen under water cooling at a peripheral speed of 50m / min, conduct a 20000 rotation test at a load of 400kg with a sliding rate of both disks of 6%, and the specimen before and after the test. The weight change was defined as the amount of wear (g).
（熱衝撃試験による耐事故性評価）
軟鋼製の高速回転円盤に直方体試験片（40×50×厚み25mm）を荷重200kgで15sec間押し付けた直後に水冷する方式で、この時に試験片に発生するクラックの深さ（mm）を測定することにより、耐事故性の指標となる耐熱衝撃特性の比較を行った。
(Accident resistance evaluation by thermal shock test)
A rectangular parallelepiped test piece (40 x 50 x 25 mm thickness) is pressed on a high-speed rotating disk made of mild steel for 15 seconds with a load of 200 kg, and then water-cooled. The depth (mm) of cracks generated in the test piece is measured at this time. Thus, the thermal shock characteristics, which are indicators of accident resistance, were compared.
（偏析）
重力偏析の発生程度を鋳造品の半径方向におけるV成分の分布状況により調査した。具体的には、表面から5〜10mm部（a）、30〜35mm部（b）、55〜60mm部（c）の位置からブロックを切り出して化学分析（ICP）によりV成分を分析し、a、b、cの最大濃度差が遠心鋳造直前に溶湯から採取した試験片のV分析値の5%以上の場合は偏析有り、5%未満の場合は偏析無しとした。
(Segregation)
The degree of gravity segregation was investigated by the distribution of V component in the radial direction of the casting. Specifically, a block is cut out from the position of 5-10 mm part (a), 30-35 mm part (b), 55-60 mm part (c) from the surface, and V component is analyzed by chemical analysis (ICP), a When the difference in maximum concentration between b, c was 5% or more of the V analysis value of the test piece collected from the molten metal immediately before centrifugal casting, segregation was observed, and when it was less than 5%, segregation was not observed.
（組織観察）
晶出しているMCの大きさを観察した。大きさ10μm以上の粗大なMCが見られた場合に粗大MC有りとした。
(Tissue observation)
The size of MC crystallizing was observed. When a coarse MC having a size of 10 μm or more is seen, the coarse MC is considered.
以上の結果、比較例では、摩耗大、または、摩耗小で偏析有り、および/または粗大MCの晶出有りとなった。これに対して、本発明例では、摩耗小、かつ偏析および粗大なMCの晶出無し、かつ熱衝撃特性良好（熱衝撃試験での亀裂深さが〜６mm程度までを良好）となった。 As a result, in the comparative example, large wear, small wear, segregation, and / or coarse MC crystallization occurred. On the other hand, in the examples of the present invention, the wear was small, segregation and coarse MC did not crystallize, and the thermal shock characteristics were good (the crack depth in the thermal shock test was good up to about 6 mm).
本発明は、遠心鋳造製圧延用複合ロ−ルの外層材に適用できる。 The present invention can be applied to the outer layer material of a composite roll for centrifugal casting.
Claims (2)
C：2.5〜3.4％、
Si：0.5〜2.0％、
Mn：0.5〜1.0％、
Ni：3.0〜6.0％、
Cr：1.0〜2.0％、
Mo：0.2〜0.8％、
V：1.0〜4.0％、
Nb：0.2〜1.0％含有すると共に、VとNbの質量％が下記（１）、（２）式を満たし、残部Feおよび不可避不純物からなることを特徴とする、遠心鋳造製圧延用複合ロ−ルの外層材。
1≦（V−1）／Nb≦４・・・（１）
0.7≦1.8（V−1）+Nb≦5.0・・・（２） In mass%
C: 2.5-3.4%
Si: 0.5-2.0%
Mn: 0.5 to 1.0%
Ni: 3.0-6.0%
Cr: 1.0-2.0%
Mo: 0.2-0.8%
V: 1.0-4.0%
Nb: 0.2 to 1.0%, and the mass% of V and Nb satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2), and consists of the balance Fe and inevitable impurities, and is a composite roll for centrifugal casting made by rolling. Le outer layer material.
1 ≦ (V−1) / Nb ≦ 4 (1)
0.7 ≦ 1.8 (V−1) + Nb ≦ 5.0 (2)
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| CN103624084B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-06-17 | 枣庄瑞兴机械制造有限公司 | Resource-saving type high-boron high-speed steel composite roll and manufacturing method thereof |
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| KR20220084025A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-06-21 | 히타치 긴조쿠 가부시키가이샤 | Centrifugal Casting Composite Roll for Hot Rolling |
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