JP4751983B2 - Sponge blasting method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sponge blasting method in which a blasting medium in which an abrasive material is contained in a porous elastic body is jetted toward an outer wall surface (surface to be processed) such as a hull so that the outer wall surface is roughened and the base material is adjusted. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method thereof.

  When repainting the outer wall surface of the hull, a blasting operation is performed as a preliminary work to grind the coating film on the outer wall surface and roughen the painted surface to adjust the substrate.

  This blasting operation is performed by a sandblasting method as described in Patent Document 1 and the like. The sand blasting method is a method in which sand (sand: blasting material) jetted by high-speed air from a nozzle is collided with a painted surface, and the coating film on the painted surface is ground and roughened by the impact force.

  However, the sandblasting method has a problem that dust is scattered because the blasting material rebounds with a strong force. In addition, the operator who operates the nozzle is forced to have heavy equipment to protect himself from the blasting material that bounces with a strong force, and has a disadvantage that workability is poor. Furthermore, since the field of view is deteriorated by scattered dust, it is difficult for the operator to perform the work with uniform quality.

  Therefore, in order to solve such problems, a so-called sponge blasting method using a sponge piece blasting medium in which an abrasive is fixed in a porous elastic body has been known.

According to this sponge blasting method, when the sponge blast medium sprayed with high-speed air from the nozzle collides with the painted surface, the blast medium becomes flat, and the mixed abrasive directly collides with the painted surface at high speed. Thereby, a coating film can be ground and removed similarly to the sandblasting method. Further, since dust that normally floats in the air is taken into the sponge piece and falls as it is, there is an advantage that dust scattering can be reduced. Furthermore, since the repulsive force is absorbed by the sponge piece, the rebound is drastically reduced, so that there is an advantage that the equipment for operating the nozzle can be light.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-70466

  By the way, the blasting work of the hull is carried out by installing a work room called a blast house where an operator enters and works in the vicinity of the hull. However, since the blast house is large, a large installation space is required in the shipyard where the hull is blasted. Depending on the working conditions, it is difficult to install the blast house, and the efficiency of the blast work is reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sponge blasting apparatus and a method thereof capable of performing a blasting operation in a space-saving manner.

According to the present invention, the chamber is provided so as to be movable along the surface to be processed by contacting a wheel with the surface to be processed, and an opening is formed on a side surface facing the surface to be processed, and the chamber A tube seal that seals a gap between the workpiece and the surface to be processed, and a blast medium that is provided in the chamber and in which abrasive is contained in a porous elastic body, is provided on the surface to be processed through the opening of the chamber. Sponge blasting apparatus comprising: spraying means for spraying; and a discharging means that is connected to the chamber and sucks the blast medium sprayed onto the surface to be processed and discharges it from the chamber is used. Based on the difference between the jetting pressure of the blast medium and the suction pressure by the discharging means and the force by which the chamber pushes the workpiece surface through the wheel under its own weight, From between the chamber and the processed surface during the injection of the last medium so as not blown out blast media, to provide a sponge blasting method characterized by controlling the air pressure of the tube seal.

  According to the sponge blasting apparatus and method therefor according to the present invention, the chamber is provided so as to be movable along the surface to be processed, the blast medium ejecting means is provided in the chamber, and the blast medium discharging means is connected. Blasting can be performed in space. Further, since the gap between the chamber and the surface to be processed is sealed by the sealing member, it is possible to prevent the blast medium ejected from the ejecting means from leaking out of the chamber.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a sponge blasting apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a basic structure of a sponge-like porous elastic blasting device (hereinafter referred to as a sponge blasting device) 20.

  First, the sponge blasting method using the sponge blasting device 20 will be described. The blasting medium 26 used in this method is made of a different material (steel grit depending on the roughness required for the coating surface 30 as shown in FIG. , Alumina, starlight, urea resin, and the like) (a polishing material in the case of urea resin) 22 is fixed (included) to a sponge piece 24, and this blast medium 26 is applied by high-pressure air. This is a method of spraying onto the coating film 28 on the wall 40 to grind the coating film 28 and roughen the painted surface 30 to adjust the substrate.

  According to the sponge blasting method, when the blast medium 26 collides with the coating film 28 as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the blast medium 26 becomes flat as shown in FIG. 2 (B), and the contained abrasives 22, 22. It directly collides with the coating film 28 at high speed. Thereby, the coating film 28 can be ground like FIG.2 (C) similarly to the sandblasting method. Also, dust 32, 32... That normally drifts in the air is taken into the sponge piece 24 and falls as it is, so that dust scattering can also be prevented. Further, since the repulsive force is also absorbed by the sponge piece 24, the blast medium 26 is repelled very little.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the equipment 36 of the operator 34 who handles the sponge blasting device 20 can be light. FIG. 3 shows a diagram in which the operator 34 holds the hose 39 in the vicinity of the nozzle 38 of the sponge blasting apparatus 20 with both hands and sprays the blast medium 26 toward the wall 40. The worker 34 does not need to be equipped with a protector throughout the body as in the sandblasting method, and the helmet 42 is not a full-face type helmet that covers the entire head and face, but is usually used at the work site. A helmet equipped with a face protector 43 made of a transparent acrylic plate is used, which is a lightweight equipment 36. Thereby, since the weight of equipment becomes light, the labor of the operator 34 can be reduced significantly.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sponge blast device 20 includes a sponge blast supply device 50, a compressor 52, a nozzle 38, a recovery device 54, a recycle separator 56, and a hopper 58.

  The sponge blast supply device 50 is supplied with high-pressure air from the compressor 52 and blast medium 26 (see FIG. 2) from the hopper 58. The blast medium 26 is air-fed through the hose 39 by the high-pressure air from the compressor 52 and is jetted from the tip of the nozzle 38 toward the wall 40 at a high speed. And the used blasting medium 26 used for grinding falls on the sheet S as it is while taking in the dusts 32, 32... (See FIG. 2C), and the hose 61 from the suction port 60 of the collecting device 54. And is sucked into the recovery device 54 through the recycle separator 56.

  The recycle separator 56 is configured by stacking two middle sieves 62 and 64 on a vibrator 66 with a large sieve mesh size. First, the blast medium 26 is fed into the sieve 62 having a large eye size, and the sieve 62 is vibrated by the vibrator of the vibration exciter 66, whereby the large blast medium 26 is selected and screened 62. Taken from. The blast medium 26 that has passed through the sieve 62 falls onto the sieve 64, and the medium-sized blast medium 26 is sorted out by the sieve 64 that is also vibrated by a vibrator. The large and medium-sized blast medium 26 removed from the sieves 62 and 64 can be used as it is, and is conveyed to the hopper 58. The fine blast medium 26 that has passed through the sieve 64 is stored in a container 68 and discarded because it cannot be reused. The reusable blast medium 26 is about 90% of the whole. The above is the basic structure of the sponge blasting device 20.

  4 is an overall view of the sponge blasting device 70 according to the embodiment for roughening the outer wall painted surface 30 of the hull, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the sponge blasting device 70. FIGS. The same or similar members as those of the sponge blasting device 20 having the basic structure shown in FIG.

  4 and 5 includes a chamber 72, a seal member 74, a blast medium ejection device (ejection means) 76, and a discharge device (discharge means) 78.

  The chamber 72 is formed in a substantially cubic shape, and a rectangular opening 80 is formed on a side surface facing the outer wall coating surface 30 of the hull. As shown in FIG. 6, the chamber 72 is provided with magnet rollers 82, 82..., And these magnet rollers 82, 82... Project from the four corners of the opening 80 toward the outer wall coating surface 30 by a predetermined amount. Yes. Therefore, the chamber 72 is magnetically attached to the outer wall painted surface 30 via the magnet rollers 82, 82..., Temporarily fixed at a desired position on the outer wall painted surface 30, and along the outer wall painted surface 30 in a magnetized state. Can be moved.

  Further, the chamber 72 is entirely made of a transparent resin such as a polycarbonate resin to reduce the weight. With the above configuration, the chamber 72 is manufactured in a size and weight that can be easily transported by human power. Further, since the chamber 72 is transparent, the blasting work space 84 surrounded by the chamber 72 and the outer wall coating surface 30 can be seen through from the outside of the chamber 72. Thereby, the roughened state of the outer wall coating surface 30 by the blast medium 26 can be visually recognized while performing the blasting operation. The chamber 72 is not limited to being entirely transparent, but may be made of a resin material in which a transparent window is formed in a part and the other is not transparent.

  A seal member 74 is provided in the chamber 72 so as to surround the rectangular opening 80. The seal member 74 includes a tube seal 86 and a holder 88, and the tube seal 86 is held by the holder 88. An air supply device (not shown) is connected to the tube seal 86. When the compressed air is supplied from the air supply device to the tube seal 86, the tube seal 86 is expanded and pressed against the outer wall coating surface 30. Thereby, the clearance gap between the chamber 72 and the outer wall coating surface 30 is sealed, and the blast working space 84 is sealed.

  5 includes a sponge blast supply device 50 and a nozzle 38. The blast medium 26 from the sponge blast supply device 50 is supplied to the nozzle 38 via a hose 39. The sponge blast supply device 50 is disposed on the floor of a shipyard, for example. On the other hand, the nozzle 38 has a tip injection port 38A penetrating from the outside of the chamber 72 through the spherical bearing 90 to the blast working space 84 as shown in FIG. It is connected so that it can swing freely. The blast medium 26 sprayed from the nozzle 38 is sprayed to the outer wall coating surface 30 through the opening 80 of the chamber 72.

  The discharge device (discharge means) 78 shown in FIG. 5 is connected to the chamber 72 via a duct 92. The discharge device 78 includes a suction pump (suction means) 94 and a recovery case 98 provided with a filter 96. When the suction pump 94 is driven, the used blast medium 26 sucked through the duct 92 is collected by the filter 96 of the collection case 98. Further, the air in the chamber 72 sucked with the blast medium 26 passes through the filter 96 to be cleaned and released to the outside air. The duct 92 is connected to a lower end portion of a hopper 93 formed in the lower portion of the chamber 72 so that the used blast medium 26 is easily guided to the duct 92.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 4, the operator 100 handling the chamber 72 moves the chamber 72 smoothly at a height of the outer wall painted surface 30, and is a handrail fixed to the upper end of the telescopic telescopic ladder 104 of the ladder car 102. The blasting operation is carried out on the attached work rod 106. The ladder car 102 includes two outriggers 108 and 108 that are driven at the time of blasting, on each of the left and right sides of the vehicle body 106. In addition, two handles 110 and 110 held by both hands of the work vehicle 100 are fixed to the chamber 72 on the back side of the chamber 72.

  Next, the operation of the sponge blast device 70 configured as described above will be described.

  The sponge blasting device 70 of the embodiment roughens (blasts) the outer wall coating surface 30 of the hull using the chamber 72 manufactured with a size and weight that can be easily transported by human power as described above. That is, the chamber 72 is provided so as to be movable along the outer wall coating surface 30 via the magnet rollers 82, 82..., The nozzle 38 of the blast medium 26 is provided in the chamber 72, and the discharge device 78 for the blast medium 26 is connected. .

  Then, the worker 100 mounted on the work rod 106 of the ladder car 102 grasps the handle 110 and moves the chamber 72 along the outer wall painted surface 30 as shown in FIGS. 26 is sprayed toward the outer wall painted surface 30 to blast the outer wall painted surface 30, and the used blast medium 26 is sucked by the discharge device 78 and discharged from the chamber 72.

  As described above, according to the sponge blasting device 70, the blasting operation is performed using the chamber 72 manufactured with a size and weight sufficient to mount the nozzle 38, so that the operator enters the blasting operation. Compared to a conventional blasting apparatus using a blast house, the blasting operation can be performed in a small space. Further, since the chamber 72 is made of a transparent resin such as a polycarbonate resin, the weight can be reduced and the blasting operation can be performed while seeing through, so that the quality of the blasted surface can be made constant. Furthermore, since the gap between the chamber 72 and the outer wall coating surface 30 is sealed by the tube seal 86, the blast medium 26 ejected from the nozzle 38 is prevented from leaking out of the chamber 72.

  Further, according to the sponge blast device 70, the blast medium 26 sucked by the suction pump 94 of the discharge device 78 is collected (collected) by the filter 96, so that the reusable blast medium 26 is reused. can do. Further, since the collection case 98 including the suction pump 94 and the filter 96 is provided outside the chamber 72, the size of the chamber 72 does not increase and the weight does not increase.

  Furthermore, the sponge blasting device 70 is configured so that the blasting medium 26 is sprayed by the sponge blast supply device 50 so that the internal pressure of the blasting work space 84 sealed by the tube seal 86 is lower than the outside air (atmospheric pressure). A control unit (control means) 112 for controlling the suction pressure by 94 is provided. That is, the control unit 112 controls the injection pressure and the suction pressure based on pressure information from the pressure sensor 114 that detects the internal pressure of the blast work space 84.

  As a result, when a gap is left between the tube seal 86 and the outer wall coating surface 30, an airflow flowing from the outside of the chamber 72 to the blasting work space 84 is formed. It is possible to reliably prevent leakage.

  The negative pressure in the chamber 72 and the dead weight of the chamber 72 generate a force by which the chamber 72 pushes the outer wall coating surface 30, but the blast medium 26 leaks between the chamber 72 and the outer wall coating surface 30 during blasting. It is necessary to set the air pressure of the tube seal 86 so as to prevent such a gap, and it is necessary to avoid the chamber 72 from sticking to the outer wall painted surface 30 via the tube seal 86 and becoming too heavy to move manually. is there.

  For this reason, the air pressure of the tube seal 86 is controlled based on the internal pressure of the chamber 72 by a control means (not shown). Thus, leakage of the blast medium 26 from between the chamber 72 and the outer wall coating surface 30 during blasting can be prevented, and the chamber 72 is placed in the state where the tube seal 86 is in close contact with the outer wall coating surface 30. It can be moved smoothly along with.

  Furthermore, according to this sponge blasting device 70, since the nozzle 38 is connected to the chamber 72 through a spherical bearing 90 so as to be swingable, the jetting direction of the blast medium 26 by the nozzle 38 is appropriately changed to a desired direction. Accordingly, the outer wall painted surface 30 can be roughened without any wrinkles.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of use of the sponge blasting device 70.

  The sponge blasting device 70 shown in the figure connects a chamber 72 and a weight 115 having substantially the same weight as the chamber 72 to an end of a rope 117 hung on a pulley 116, and uses the weight of the weight 115 to form a chamber. 72 is configured to move with a light force. A hose 39 is also hung on the pulley 118. These pulleys 116, 118 are attached to the shipyard beams.

  One end of the rope 117 connected to the chamber 72 is branched into two as shown in FIG. 7, and the end thereof is connected to the chamber 72 via a position variable mechanism and a fixing mechanism. The position variable mechanism includes a pair of parallel rails 119A and 119A fixed to the ceiling portion of the chamber 72 and sliders 119B and 119B that can slide along the parallel rails 119A and 119A. One end of 117 is connected. The fixing mechanism is a known brake mechanism (not shown) that fixes the slider 119B to the parallel rail 119A. Thus, by connecting the chamber 72 to the rope 117 via the position variable mechanism and the fixing mechanism, the position of one end of the rope 117 with respect to the chamber 72 can be changed as necessary, and can be fixed at that position.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another modified example of use of the sponge blasting device 70.

  A sponge blasting device 70 shown in the figure is a device that suspends the chamber 72 by the crane device 120 and performs the blasting operation of the outer wall painted surface 30. The crane device 120 includes a horizontal traveling rail 124 laid on a beam 122 disposed above the outer wall painted surface 30, and the horizontal traveling rail 124 includes a traveling motor, a reel, and a reel driving motor (not shown). A drive assembly 126 is provided to run freely. A chamber 72 is fixed to the tip of the rope 128 fed from the reel. Each motor of the drive assembly 126 is remotely controlled by a controller 130 operated by the operator 100.

  According to the sponge blasting device 70 configured as described above, first, the operator 100 operates the controller 130 to remotely control the traveling motor of the driving assembly 126, whereby the driving assembly 126 is horizontal with respect to the outer wall coating surface 30. Determine the position. Next, the operator 100 operates the controller 130 to remotely control the reel drive motor of the drive assembly 126, thereby winding or unwinding the rope 128, and raising or lowering the drive assembly 126 while painting the outer wall coating surface 30. Implement blasting.

  Note that the tube seal 86 can be pressed against the outer wall coating surface 30 by utilizing the weight of the chamber 72 by suspending the chamber 72 eccentrically with the rope 128 and inclining leftward in FIG. In the embodiment, the sponge blast medium 26 in which the abrasive is included in the porous elastic body is described as the blast medium. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a sand blast medium may be used.

Overall view showing basic configuration of sponge blasting device Illustration explaining the roughening mechanism of sponge blasting Illustration explaining the equipment of a sponge blast worker Overall perspective view of sponge blasting apparatus of embodiment The principal part perspective view of the sponge blasting apparatus shown in FIG. Sectional drawing of the chamber of the sponge blasting apparatus shown in FIG. Overall view showing modified example of use of sponge blasting device Overall view showing modified example of use of sponge blasting device

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Sponge blasting device, 24 ... Sponge piece, 26 ... Blasting medium, 30 ... Painted outer wall surface of hull, 54 ... Recovery device, 56 ... Recycle separator, 60 ... Suction port, 70 ... Sponge blasting device, 72 ... Chamber, 74 ... Seal member, 76 ... Blasting medium injection device, 78 ... Discharge device, 80 ... Opening portion, 82 ... Magnet roller, 84 ... Blasting work space, 86 ... Tube seal, 94 ... Suction pump, 96 ... Filter, 98 ... Recovery Case: 100 ... Worker, 102 ... Ladder car, 110 ... Handle, 112 ... Control unit, 114 ... Pressure sensor, 120 ... Crane device, 130 ... Controller

Claims (1)

A chamber that is provided so as to be movable along the surface to be processed by contacting a wheel with the surface to be processed, and a chamber having an opening formed on a side surface facing the surface to be processed;
A tube seal that seals a gap between the chamber and the surface to be processed;
Injecting means that is provided in the chamber and injects a blast medium in which an abrasive is contained in a porous elastic body into the surface to be processed through the opening of the chamber;
A sponge blasting device connected to the chamber and having a discharging means for sucking and discharging the blasting medium sprayed on the surface to be processed from the chamber;
Based on the difference between the jetting pressure of the blasting medium by the jetting means and the suction pressure by the discharging means and the force by which the chamber pushes the processing target surface through the wheel under its own weight, the chamber and the processing target surface are ejected when the blasting medium is jetted. Sponge blasting method, wherein the air pressure of the tube seal is controlled so that the blasting medium is not blown out between.

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