JP4747938B2 - Leakage test method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for manufacturing and testing a fuel cell, and more particularly to a technique for conducting a leakage test of a fuel cell laminate in which a solid electrolyte membrane and a separator are laminated.

  A fuel cell supplies a fuel gas containing hydrogen to the anode side, an oxidizing gas containing oxygen to the cathode side, and directly converts the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy using an electrochemical reaction occurring at both electrodes. . In a general form of such a fuel cell, a pair of electrodes are arranged with an electrolyte membrane in between, a fuel gas containing hydrogen at one electrode (anode), and an oxidizing gas containing oxygen at the other electrode (cathode) Supply. In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a polymer electrolyte membrane is used as an electrolyte membrane.

  A fuel cell has a stack structure in which unit cells (called unit cells) are stacked in order to obtain a sufficient electromotive force. The single cell has a structure in which an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between two gas diffusion electrodes to form a sandwich structure, and this sandwich structure is further sandwiched between gas-impermeable separators. When fuel gas and oxidizing gas are supplied to each of the two gas diffusion electrodes of the electrolyte membrane, an electrochemical reaction occurs on both sides of the electrolyte membrane, and an electromotive force is generated in each single cell. In order to obtain a required electromotive force, the unit cells are stacked to form a fuel cell having a stack structure.

  In such a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the electrolyte membrane serves to separate the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas supplied to the single cell, and the separator serves to prevent the gas from being mixed between the adjacent single cells. Plays. Therefore, in order to prevent the mixing of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, it is important to ensure a sufficient sealing property between the electrolyte membrane and the separator at the periphery of each single cell. .

  Usually, for such sealing, a method of adhering the electrolyte membrane and the separator using an adhesive, a method of adhering the electrolyte membrane and the separator by thermocompression bonding, or the like is used. For example, the applicant discloses in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-199145 a technique for realizing a sufficient seal between the electrolyte membrane and the separator. If these techniques are used, the sealing structure can be reduced in size compared with the case where the gap between the electrolyte membrane and the separator is sealed using an O-ring, and thus the entire fuel cell can be reduced in size. There is. In order to obtain sufficient sealability by adhesive or thermocompression bonding, it is necessary to pressurize and hold the bonded part or crimped part for a certain period of time, so the electrolyte membrane and separator are laminated and set in a press machine for a certain period of time. (Typically about 10 hours) After holding the pressure, the quality of the seal is inspected. This leak test is performed on all manufactured fuel cells to ensure that the supplied fuel gas and oxidizing gas are not mixed.

However, there is still room for improvement in improving the efficiency of the leakage test of the fuel cell stack.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and by efficiently conducting a leakage test of a fuel cell stack formed by stacking an electrolyte membrane and a separator, the production efficiency of the fuel cell is improved. It is an object to provide a technique that can improve the performance.

In order to solve at least a part of the above-described problems, the first leakage test method of the present invention includes:
A fuel cell laminate leakage test method formed by laminating a separator provided with a fuel gas passage hole and an oxidizing gas passage hole through which power generation gas passes and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the separators,
The fuel gas passage hole and the oxidizing gas passage hole are filled with predetermined test fluids having different pressures, and the pressure of the predetermined test fluid filled in each of the fuel gas passage hole and the oxidizing gas passage hole is set. The gist is to check for leaks by measuring.

In such a leak test method, the fuel gas passage hole and the oxidizing gas passage hole are filled with predetermined test fluids having different pressures, and the leak test is performed by measuring the pressure of the test fluid filled in each gas passage hole. As a result, in addition to leakage occurring between the gas passage hole and the outside, leakage occurring between the gas passage holes can be detected simultaneously. Therefore, the leakage test of the fuel cell stack can be performed efficiently, and as a result, the production efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.

In order to solve at least a part of the above-described problem, the second leakage test method of the present invention includes:
Fuel formed by laminating a separator provided with a fuel gas passage hole and an oxidizing gas passage hole through which power generation gas passes, a cooling water passage hole through which cooling water passes, and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched by the separator A leakage test method for a battery stack,
At least two of the fuel gas passage hole, the oxidizing gas passage hole, and the cooling water passage hole are filled with predetermined test fluids having different pressures, and each of the at least two passage holes is filled. The gist is to inspect the presence or absence of leakage by measuring the pressure of the predetermined inspection fluid.

In such a leak test method, at least two of the fuel gas passage hole, the oxidizing gas passage hole, and the cooling water passage hole are filled with predetermined test fluids having different pressures, and the respective passage holes are filled. By conducting a leak test by measuring the pressure of the test fluid, it is possible to simultaneously detect leaks occurring between the passage holes in addition to leaks occurring between the passage holes and the outside. Therefore, the leakage test of the fuel cell stack can be performed efficiently, and as a result, the production efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.
Further, in the second leak test method, all the fuel gas passage holes, the oxidizing gas passage holes, and the cooling water passage holes are filled with predetermined test fluids having different pressures, and The presence or absence of leakage may be inspected by measuring the pressure of the predetermined inspection fluid filled in the passage hole.
With such a configuration, in addition to leakage occurring between all passage holes and the outside, leakage occurring between all passage holes can be detected simultaneously. Therefore, the leakage test of the fuel cell stack can be performed efficiently, and as a result, the production efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.
Further, in the second leak test method, the pressure of the predetermined inspection fluid filled in the cooling water passage hole is determined so that the predetermined inspection fluid is filled in any one of the fuel gas passage hole and the oxidizing gas passage hole. It is good also as a structure lower than the pressure of the fluid.
In general, cooling water is easier to seal than power generation gas seals, and therefore the required sealing capacity is lower than that of fuel gas manifolds, etc., so that the cooling fluid passage hole is filled with a test fluid at an excessively high pressure. In some cases, the seal may be broken. However, by adopting such a configuration, the pressure of the test fluid filled in the cooling water passage hole can be made lower than that of the other passage holes, so that the breakage of the cooling water seal can be suppressed. Therefore, a leak test can be performed efficiently.

Other configurations of the invention

In order to solve at least a part of the above-described problems, the leak test apparatus of the present invention can employ the following configuration. That is,
A separator provided with a gas passage hole through which power generation gas passes and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the separators are stacked, and the gas passage hole communicates with each other to supply the power generation gas to the electrolyte membrane. A fuel cell laminate leakage test apparatus with a built-in gas manifold,
A first block on which the separator and the electrolyte membrane are laminated;
A positioning member standing on the first block and positioning the stacked separator;
A second block placed on top of the laminated separator and electrolyte membrane;
A fastening member for fastening the first block and the second block;
At least one of the second block and the first block is provided with a test fluid supply passage that opens to a position where the gas passage hole of the separator is provided and supplies a predetermined test fluid to the gas manifold. And

Moreover, the leak test method of the present invention corresponding to the above leak test apparatus is:
A separator provided with a gas passage hole through which power generation gas passes and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the separators are stacked, and the gas passage hole communicates with each other to supply the power generation gas to the electrolyte membrane. A leakage test method for a fuel cell stack with a built-in gas manifold,
While positioning by the positioning member standing on the first block, the separator is laminated on the first block,
After placing the second block from above the laminated separator and electrolyte membrane, after fastening the second block to the first block,
A predetermined test fluid is supplied to the gas manifold from a test fluid supply passage which is provided in at least one of the second block or the first block and opens at a position where the gas passage hole of the separator is located. The gist is to inspect the presence or absence of leakage.

  In such a leak test apparatus and leak test method, a laminate of a separator and an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched and fastened between a first block and a second block, and this state is maintained for a predetermined time to adhere the electrolyte membrane and the separator. . After completion of the bonding, a predetermined test fluid is supplied from a test fluid supply passage provided in either the first block or the second block to a gas manifold formed in the fuel cell stack, and the gas manifold Check for leaks. In this way, after the completion of the adhesion between the electrolyte membrane and the separator, the leak test can be performed as it is, so that the leak test of the fuel cell stack can be performed efficiently, and as a result, the fuel cell Manufacturing efficiency can be improved. In addition, the use of the pressing equipment is a period until the completion of the fastening, and the pressing equipment is not monopolized until the completion of the bonding. Therefore, there is an advantage that the equipment efficiency can be improved.

  The separator is provided with a fuel gas passage hole through which fuel gas passes and an oxidant gas passage hole through which oxidant gas passes as the gas passage hole. By laminating the separator, the separator is stacked inside the fuel cell stack. A fuel gas manifold that communicates fuel gas passage holes to supply one side of the electrolyte membrane, and an oxidizing gas manifold that communicates oxidation gas passage holes to supply the oxidizing gas to the other surface of the electrolyte. And the following leakage test apparatus may be used. That is, a first inspection fluid supply passage that opens to a position where the fuel gas passage hole is provided and supplies a predetermined inspection fluid to the fuel gas manifold, and an opening that opens to a position where the oxidation gas passage hole is provided and the oxidation gas A second test fluid supply passage for supplying a predetermined test fluid to the manifold may be provided in either the second block or the first block.

  In such a structure, after the laminated body of the electrolyte membrane and the separator is fastened by the second block and the first block to complete the adhesion, the test fluid is supplied from either the first or second test fluid supply passage. Then, one gas manifold is inspected for leaks, and then the test fluid is supplied from the other test fluid supply passage to inspect for leaks. In this way, after the completion of the adhesion between the electrolyte membrane and the separator, the leak test can be performed as it is, so that the leak test of the fuel cell stack can be performed efficiently, and thus the fuel cell manufacturing efficiency. Can be improved.

  In addition to the gas passage hole, the separator is provided with a cooling water passage hole through which cooling water passes. By laminating the separator, the fuel cell stack is added to the gas manifold. When a cooling water manifold is formed in which the cooling water passage holes communicate with each other, the following leakage test apparatus may be used. That is, in addition to the inspection fluid supply passage, a third inspection fluid supply passage that opens to a position where the cooling water passage hole is provided and supplies a predetermined inspection fluid to the cooling water manifold is provided in the second block or the It may be provided in any of the first blocks.

  Even in such a configuration, after the lamination of the electrolyte membrane and the separator is fastened by the second block and the first block to complete the bonding, the test fluid is supplied from the test fluid supply passage to check whether the gas manifold is leaked or not. After the inspection, the inspection fluid is supplied from the third inspection fluid supply passage to inspect the leakage of the cooling water manifold. Of course, the inspection order of both may be reversed. In this way, after the completion of the adhesion between the electrolyte membrane and the separator, the leak test can be performed as it is, so that the leak test of the fuel cell stack can be efficiently performed.

  In the leak test apparatus described above, the test fluid supply port for supplying the test fluid to the test fluid supply passage does not depend on the shape of the separator to be stacked, the second block including the test fluid supply passage or You may provide in the predetermined position of the 1st block.

  In this way, the efficiency of the leak test can be further improved as follows. For example, even when a fuel cell stack having different separator shapes is manufactured, if the position where the inspection fluid supply port is provided is constant, leakage inspection can be performed without being affected by the difference in separator shape. Also, when automating the leak test, if the inspection fluid supply port is provided at a fixed position, the leak test can be performed without identifying the difference in separator shape, and the automation can be easily performed. .

  In the above-described leakage test apparatus, the first block may be configured integrally with the transport pallet. This is preferable because the electrolyte membrane and the separator can be directly laminated on the conveyance pallet, and the trouble of mounting the leakage test apparatus on the conveyance pallet can be saved.

  In such a leak test apparatus, the second block and the first block may be fastened using a fastening force of a nut or a bolt, and the nut or bolt may be provided on the second block.

  If it fastens using the fastening force of a screw, the 2nd block and the 1st block can be fastened simply and certainly. Furthermore, if a nut or bolt drop-off prevention member is provided on the second block, the nut or bolt will fall off the second block even if the second block is removed to remove the fuel cell stack from the leak test apparatus. Therefore, there is no need to supply a nut or a bolt when the second block is fastened to the first block next time.

  In such a leak test apparatus, a buffer member that is fastened by the fastening member and adjusts the fastening force applied to the laminated electrolyte membrane and the separator may be provided on at least one of the second block or the first block side. .

  If the separator and the electrolyte membrane are tightened together with the buffer member, the buffer member shrinks and absorbs even if it is tightened somewhat, so that it is possible to avoid applying excessive pressure to the separator and the electrolyte membrane. is there.

  In order to further clarify the configuration and operation of the present invention described above, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples. First, a schematic configuration of a fuel cell in which the fuel cell stack is used will be briefly described, and then a method for manufacturing and inspecting the fuel cell stack using the leakage test apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

A. Schematic configuration of fuel cell:
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view illustrating the outline of the internal configuration of a fuel cell 10 manufactured according to the present invention. The fuel cell 10 includes four fuel cell stacks 100A to 100D having a stack structure in which single cells 101 are stacked, and a fuel supply / discharge unit 20 that supplies and discharges fuel to and from the fuel cell stacks 100A to 100D. And a pressurizing mechanism 30 that applies pressure in the stacking direction to the fuel cell stacks 100A to 100D. A fuel gas supply device (not shown), an oxidizing gas supply device (not shown), and a cooling water supply device (not shown) are connected to the fuel supply / discharge section 20 and function as a fuel cell device as a whole. A gas containing hydrogen is used as the fuel gas, and a gas containing oxygen (air in this embodiment) is used as the oxidizing gas.

  The fuel cell stacks 100 </ b> A to 100 </ b> D are configured as solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells, and are formed by stacking a plurality of unit cells 101 as constituent units. The electrochemical reaction that proceeds in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is shown below.

H ₂ → 2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻ (1)
(1/2) O ₂ + 2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻ → H ₂ O (2)
H ₂ + (1/2) O ₂ → H ₂ O (3)

  Formula (1) represents the reaction on the anode side of the fuel cell, Formula (2) represents the reaction on the cathode side of the fuel cell, and the reaction shown in Formula (3) proceeds in the entire fuel cell. As described above, the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell receives the supply of the fuel gas containing hydrogen on the anode side and the supply of the oxidizing gas containing oxygen on the cathode side, and proceeds the above reaction to generate an electromotive force. Get.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the single cell 101 constituting the fuel cell stacks 100A to 100D. The single cell 101 includes an electrolyte membrane 102, an anode 103 and a cathode 104, and separators 105 and 106. The anode 103 and the cathode 104 are gas diffusion electrodes having a sandwich structure with the electrolyte membrane 102 sandwiched from both sides. The separators 105 and 106 form a flow path of fuel gas and oxidizing gas between the anode 103 and the cathode 104 while further sandwiching the sandwich structure from both sides. A fuel gas flow path 105 </ b> P is formed between the anode 103 and the separator 105, and an oxidizing gas flow path 106 </ b> P is formed between the cathode 104 and the separator 106. In FIG. 2, the separators 105 and 106 each have a flow path formed only on one side, but in reality, ribs are formed on both sides of the separator 105 and the fuel gas flow path 105 </ b> P with the anode 103. The other surface forms an oxidizing gas flow path with the cathode of the adjacent single cell. As described above, the separators 105 and 106 form a gas flow path between the gas diffusion electrodes and play a role of separating the flow of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas from the adjacent single cells.

  Here, the electrolyte membrane 102 is a proton conductive ion exchange resin having a thickness of 100 μm to 200 μm formed of a solid polymer material, for example, a fluororesin, and exhibits good electrical conductivity in a wet state. In this example, a Nafion membrane (manufactured by DuPont) was used. On the surface of the electrolyte membrane 102, platinum as a catalyst, a mixture of platinum and other metals, or an alloy of these metals is applied by a predetermined method.

  Both the anode 103 and the cathode 104 are formed of carbon cloth woven with carbon fiber yarns. In this embodiment, the anode 103 and the cathode 104 are formed of carbon cloth. However, a structure formed of carbon paper or carbon felt made of carbon fiber is also suitable.

  The separators 105 and 106 are made of a gas-impermeable conductive material, for example, dense carbon that has been made to be gas-impermeable by compressing carbon. Separator 105,106 has the some rib which forms gas flow path 105P, 106P on the both surfaces. In FIG. 2, the fuel gas channel 105P and the oxidizing gas channel 106P are shown in parallel, but in the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment, the fuel gas channel 105P and the oxidizing gas channel 106P are orthogonal to each other. Formed as follows. The shape of the rib formed on the surface of each separator may be any shape that can supply fuel gas or oxidizing gas to the gas diffusion electrode.

  FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing how the single cells 101 are actually stacked in the fuel cell stacks 100A to 100D of the present embodiment. In the actual fuel cell stacks 100 </ b> A to 100 </ b> D, the separators 105 and 106 are configured as any of the center separator 110, the end separator 111, and the cooling separator 113. These separators are formed into a plate shape having a substantially square laminated surface, and when laminated, the above-described fuel gas passage 105P, oxidizing gas passage 106P, and cooling water passage are formed. The structure of each separator will be described later.

  The three kinds of separators are formed of dense carbon as described above, but may be formed of other members having conductivity. For example, it may be formed of a metal such as a copper alloy or an aluminum alloy with emphasis on rigidity and heat conductivity.

  When forming the fuel cell stack, the structure in which the electrolyte membrane 102 is sandwiched between the anode 103 and the cathode 104 is assembled by sandwiching it from both sides with a separator. In FIG. 3, only one each of the central separator 110, the end separator 111, and the cooling separator 113 is shown. However, when the fuel cell stack is actually configured, the ratio of stacking the separators is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the end separator 111 and the cooling separator 113 may be stacked every time five central separators 110 are stacked.

  Further, when forming the fuel cell stack, a predetermined seal member is provided around the electrolyte membrane 102 in a region in contact with the separator. The seal member plays a role of preventing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas from leaking from the inside of each single cell and preventing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas from being mixed in the fuel cell stack 100. The sealing member also serves to electrically insulate between the separators sandwiching the electrolyte membrane.

  The fuel cell stack 100 formed as described above is attached to the fuel cell 10 shown in FIG. 1, with current collector plates attached to both ends thereof, and insulating plates and end plates attached to both sides thereof. Here, the current collector plate is formed of dense carbon or copper plate, the insulating plate is formed of an insulating member such as rubber or resin, and the end plate is formed of a metal such as steel having sufficient rigidity. . The current collector plate is provided with an output terminal so that power generated in the fuel cell can be taken out. Each member described above is used while being held in a state where a predetermined pressing force is applied in the stacking direction of the single cells. The pressurizing mechanism 30 shown only in the overview in FIG. 1 is a mechanism that generates a pressing force by using a fastening force of a screw, but may be the following mechanism. That is, a storage member having a predetermined shape is prepared, and each member such as a fuel cell stack and a current collector is stored in the storage member, and then both ends of the storage member are bent to apply a predetermined pressing force. It is good also as a structure.

  The fuel gas supply device and the oxidizing gas supply device supply the fuel cell 10 after pressurizing a predetermined amount of each gas and humidifying it as necessary. As the fuel gas supply device, a device for reforming and supplying hydrocarbons such as methanol, a hydrogen storage device for supplying hydrogen stored in a hydrogen storage alloy or a hydrogen cylinder, and the like can also be used. As the oxidizing gas supply device, an air supply device using a blower that takes in and pressurizes air can be used.

B. Manufacturing and inspection process of fuel cell laminate:
The schematic structure of the fuel cell 10 and the fuel cell stack 100 used in the fuel cell 10 has been described above. Next, the manufacturing and inspection process of the fuel cell stack 100 will be described. FIG. 4 is a process diagram showing an outline of a process for producing a fuel cell laminate by laminating electrolyte membranes, separators, and the like. As shown in the figure, the manufacturing process of the fuel cell laminate includes a temporary bonding step S10 for temporarily bonding the separator and the electrolyte membrane while applying an adhesive, and a stacking step S20 for stacking the temporarily bonded separator and the electrolyte membrane, It comprises a pressurizing / adhering step S30 for holding the laminated separator and electrolyte membrane in a pressurized state for a predetermined time, and a leak test step S40 for inspecting the sealing performance of the fuel cell laminate.

(1) Temporary bonding process:
In the temporary bonding step S10, the fuel gas passage is formed by laminating the above-described three kinds of separators, the electrolyte membrane 102, the anode 103, and the cathode 104 in a predetermined order while applying an epoxy resin adhesive 114 as an adhesive. 105P, an oxidizing gas passage 106P, and a cooling water passage are formed. In order to explain how each passage is formed, the structure of three types of separators will be briefly described with reference to FIG.

  On one side of the end separator 111 (front side in FIG. 3), a plurality of groove-like ribs 126 are formed to communicate between the opposing oxidizing gas passage holes 122 and 123. The rib 126 forms the above-described oxidizing gas flow path 106P between the adjacent cathodes 104 when the fuel cell stack is formed. The other surface of the end separator 111 is a flat surface without a groove structure.

  On one side of the central separator 110 (the front side in FIG. 3), a plurality of parallel groove-shaped ribs 126 are formed to communicate between the opposing oxidizing gas passage holes 122 and 123. The rib 126 forms the above-described oxidizing gas flow path 106P between the adjacent cathodes 104 when the fuel cell stack is formed. On the other surface of the central separator 110, a plurality of groove-shaped ribs 127 that communicate between the opposed fuel gas passage holes 124 and 125 and are orthogonal to the ribs 126 are formed. When the fuel cell stack is formed, the rib 127 forms the fuel gas flow path 105P described above with the adjacent anode 103.

  On one side of the cooling separator 113 (the back side in FIG. 3), a plurality of parallel groove-shaped ribs 127 that communicate between the opposed fuel gas passage holes 124 and 125 are formed. The rib 127 forms the fuel gas flow path 105P described above between the adjacent anode 103 when the fuel cell stack is formed. Further, the other surface (the front side in FIG. 3) of the cooling separator 113 is formed with a distorted groove 128 that communicates between the cooling water passage holes 120 and 121 described above. When the fuel cell stack is formed, the cooling separator 113 is adjacent to the end separator 111 as will be described later. At this time, the groove 128 forms a cooling water channel 128P between the flat surface of the end separator 111. To do.

  Further, the central separator 110, the end separator 111, and the cooling separator 113 are formed with cooling water passage holes 120 and 121 having a substantially circular cross section at two locations (upper ends in FIG. 3) at the peripheral corners. Yes. The cooling water passage holes 120 and 121 form a cooling water passage (cooling water manifold) that penetrates the fuel cell stack in the stacking direction of the single cells when the fuel cell stack is formed. In addition, a pair of elongated holes (oxidizing gas passage holes) 122 and 123 and a pair of holes (fuel gas passage holes) 124 and 125 are provided near the edges of the respective sides of the laminated surface of the three types of separators. Is formed. When the fuel cell stack is formed, the oxidizing gas passage holes 122 and 123 serve as the oxidizing gas passage (oxidizing gas manifold), the fuel gas passage holes 124 and 125 serve as the fuel gas passage (oxidizing gas manifold), and the fuel cell stack. The body is formed so as to penetrate in the stacking direction of the single cells.

  FIG. 5A conceptually shows an example of laminating the above-described various separators, the electrolyte membrane 102, the anode 103, and the cathode 104. FIG. As shown in the figure, the end separator 111 is first placed, and the cathode 104, the electrolyte membrane 102, the anode 103, and the central separator 110 are sequentially stacked thereon. On the central separator 110, the cathode 104, the electrolyte membrane 102, the anode 103, and the cooling separator 113 are further laminated in this order. The end separator 111 and the cooling separator 113 stacked in this way constitute one unit.

  In the present embodiment, a single unit laminate has a configuration in which only one central separator 110 is laminated between the end separator 111 and the cooling separator 113. Since there are one set of the cathode 104, the electrolyte membrane 102, and the anode 103 on both sides of the central separator 110, in terms of the number of single cells, two single cells are configured in one unit. However, a plurality of single separators 110 may be stacked to form a larger number of single cells. In this case, the central separator 110, the cathode 104, the electrolyte membrane 102, and the anode 103 are stacked as a predetermined cycle, and then a cooling separator 113 is stacked to complete one unit. An example of such stacking is shown in FIG. The number of single cells included in one unit stack, that is, the number of central separators 110 depends on how many single cells can be cooled by one cooling separator 113. Accordingly, there is an optimum value for the number of central separators 110 stacked in one unit depending on the amount of heat generated per unit cell during operation of the fuel cell, the cooling water temperature, the flow rate, or the like.

  As described above, one surface of the cooling separator forms the fuel gas flow path 105 </ b> P with the anode 103, and the other surface forms the cooling water passage 128 </ b> P with the end separator 111. Sealing of cooling water is relatively easy as compared with sealing of fuel gas or oxidizing gas, and it is possible to seal using a general sealing material. Therefore, in this embodiment, not the epoxy resin adhesive 114 but the silicon resin sealant 115 is applied to the cooling water passage side (the uppermost surface in FIG. 5) of the cooling separator.

  In this embodiment, an epoxy resin adhesive is applied to seal the electrolyte membrane 102 and the separator sandwiching the electrolyte membrane 102 and insulate the separators from each other. Of course, other adhesives can be used as long as they have sufficient sealing and insulating properties. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the gasket 116 may be used for sealing and insulation.

(2) Lamination process:
As described above, when the temporary bonding is completed, the stacking step S20 is started. In this embodiment, the steps after the stacking step S20 are performed using a dedicated apparatus as shown in FIG. In addition to stacking the temporarily bonded fuel cell stack, this dedicated device is also used for pressure / adhesion and leakage tests of the fuel stack, as will be described later. In this specification, the dedicated device shown in FIG. 7 is referred to as a leakage test device. Hereinafter, the structure of the leakage test apparatus used in this example will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the leak test apparatus 200 includes a first block 201, eight positioning guides 202 erected on the first block 201, four stud bolts 203, and four nuts 204. , And the second block 205. The first block 201 and the second block 205 are made of a material having sufficient rigidity such as steel. The side surface of the first block 201 has three holes, that is, inspection fluid supply ports 206a, 207a, and 208a. The openings 206b and 207b on the upper surface of the first block 201 pass through the inside of the first block 201. , 208b. In FIG. 7, only the centers of the respective test fluid supply passages 206, 207, and 208 are indicated by broken lines. These passages are passages for supplying a test fluid and performing a leak test after pressurizing and adhering the fuel cell stack. The pressure / adhesion and leakage test will be described later.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory view conceptually showing a state in which the temporarily bonded separator and the electrolyte membrane are stacked on the leakage test apparatus 200. FIG. 8A shows a state in which the leak test apparatus 200 is stacked from the front. FIG.8 (b) is explanatory drawing which showed a mode seen from the arrow direction in the PP position of Fig.8 (a). As shown in FIG. 8, every time one unit of separator, electrolyte membrane, and the like are temporarily bonded, they are stacked on the first block 201. A method in which a large number of laminated bodies are temporarily bonded and laminated on the first block 201 at a time is not employed in this embodiment. This is to prevent the applied adhesive from being left for a long time without being pressurized. If a large number of laminates are pre-bonded in advance, there will be a unit that is pressurized immediately after application and a unit that is pressurized after being left for a long time, which may cause differences in sealing performance between these units. is there. Therefore, in order to ensure stable sealing performance, each unit of laminated body is laminated on the first block 201 every time it is temporarily bonded. In this way, the time difference from application to pressurization only occurs until the last unit is temporarily bonded after the first unit to be stacked is temporarily bonded. This time can be shortened by performing the temporary bonding step with a plurality of lines. That is, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 9, the temporary bonding step S10 is performed at several places with respect to the stacking step S20. As another method, it is possible to pressurize with a pressure cylinder or the like from above each time one unit of the temporarily bonded unit is stacked on the first block. According to such a method, it is possible to make the time from temporary bonding to pressurization of each unit substantially uniform.

  Each laminated body laminated | stacked for every unit is positioned mutually by the eight positioning guides 202 standingly arranged in the 1st block 201. As shown in FIG. In this way, since the separators for one unit are positioned with respect to each other by the positioning guide 202 when stacked on the first block 201, even if the separators are stacked slightly deviated in the temporary bonding step S10, It is possible to correct in step S20.

  Further, since the separators can be stacked while being accurately positioned by the positioning guide 202, it is also possible to temporarily bond various separators and electrolyte membranes on the first block 201 without providing the temporary bonding step S10. is there. That is, various separators and the cathode 104, the anode 103, the electrolyte membrane 102, and the like are directly laminated in the order shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. If it carries out like this, there exists an advantage that the effort which laminates | stacks whenever the laminated body for 1 unit is temporarily bonded can be abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, the temporary bonding step S10 is provided, and the method of stacking on the first block 201 every time one unit of separator or the like is stacked is because the following is taken into consideration. is there. In this embodiment, the separator and the electrolyte membrane are sealed with an adhesive, and the separators that sandwich the electrolyte membrane (for example, the end separator 111 and the central separator 110 or the central separator 110 and the cooling separator 113) are electrically insulated. is doing. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a necessary and sufficient amount of the adhesive, and when the separators are laminated, the excess adhesive tends to protrude. Further, if there is a portion where a sufficient amount of adhesive is not applied due to some trouble such as running out of the adhesive, problems such as leakage of fuel gas or oxidizing gas occur at that portion. For this reason, in this embodiment, each time a 1 unit separator or the like is laminated, the protruding adhesive is removed and a stable production quality is ensured by confirming that a sufficient amount of adhesive is applied. Secured. Such an operation is not suitable to be performed in a state of being stacked on the first block 201, and therefore, in this embodiment, a temporary bonding step S10 is provided separately from the stacking step S20. In addition, as described above, if temporary bonding is performed in parallel in a plurality of lines, the time difference between each unit from application to pressurization can be shortened to the extent that no practical problem occurs, There is also an advantage that manufacturing quality can be stabilized.

  In FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, the first block 201 has been described as having eight positioning guides 202 standing upright, but of course, the number of positioning guides 202 is not limited to eight. Furthermore, a positioning method as shown in FIG. 10 may be employed. That is, only two of the four sides of the separator are positioned by the positioning guide 202, and each time one unit of stacked body is placed, the stacked body is pressed by an automatic machine from the opposite side. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the positioning method in this way, and the illustrated position corresponds exactly to the display position of FIG. In addition, in order to avoid that a figure becomes complicated, in FIG. 10, the groove structure of the laminated cooling separator 113 is abbreviate | omitted and displayed. As shown in FIG. 10, only four positioning guides 202 are provided on two adjacent sides of the cooling separator 113. A holding plate 210 that is driven by an air cylinder 209 is provided on the side without the positioning guide. Each time a laminated body such as a temporarily bonded separator is laminated on the first block 201, the laminated body is positioned by being pressed from two directions by the pressing plate 210. If positioning is performed by such a method, the temporarily bonded separator or the like can be stacked from the side without the positioning guide 202, and thus there is an advantage that the operation of stacking on the first block 201 becomes easy.

(3) Pressure / adhesion process:
When a predetermined number of units are stacked as described above, the pressurizing / bonding step S30 is started. The number of separators stacked in the stacking step S20 is typically 50 cells or 100 cells as the number of single cells. In this embodiment, 50 cells are pressed and bonded together. Of course, the number of cells to be stacked is not limited to this.

  In the pressurization / adhesion step S30, the adhesive is cured in a state where the separator and the electrolyte membrane are brought into close contact with each other by holding the laminated body laminated while positioning in the lamination step S20, and the separator and the electrolyte membrane This is a step of providing a sufficient sealing property between them. Specifically, it is necessary to maintain a state of applying a load of about 1000 N (Newton) at room temperature for about 10 hours. However, this value varies depending on the pressure and adhesion conditions. For example, as the size of the separator is reduced, the weight value is reduced accordingly, and the weight value and holding time can vary depending on the temperature to be held, the type of adhesive, and the like.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing a state in which pressure is applied and bonded using the leakage test apparatus 200 of the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, after a predetermined number of laminated bodies such as separators and electrolyte membranes are laminated on the first block 201, the second block 205 is placed, and then the laminated body is pressed by tightening with a nut 204. . If this state is maintained at room temperature for a predetermined time (about 10 hours in this embodiment), the pressurization / adhesion of the laminate is completed. The weight applied to the laminated body is performed by managing the tightening torque of the four nuts 204. In an actual production line, the tightening torque of the nut tightening machine may be set to a predetermined value obtained experimentally in advance. Alternatively, the following method may be used. First, if it is very light, the nut 204 is tightened with torque, and then the nut 204 is rotated a predetermined number of times. Since the nut is tightened as much as it is rotated, the value of the weight applied to the fuel cell stack can also be managed by the number of rotations (or rotation angle) of the nut. Such a method is called a tightening angle method.

  Moreover, if the method as shown in FIG. 12 is used, the precision of the weight added to a laminated body can further be improved. That is, a predetermined load (about 100 kg in the present embodiment) is applied to the second block 205 using the press 211, and the nut 204 is lightly tightened in this state, and then the load of the press 211 is released. After the position of the second block 205 is fixed by the nut 204, even if the weight of the press 211 is removed, the laminated body on the first block 201 can be held with a predetermined value applied. Since the load is applied by the press 211, the nut 204 can be tightened with a bare hand by the line operator, and it is unmanned if the tightening torque of the nut tightening machine is set to a very small value. It is also possible.

  In order to manage the weight value in the pressurizing / bonding step S30, it is also preferable to adopt the following method. For example, a load cell may be set in the first block 201 or the second block 205 and the weight may be measured. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 13, the elongation of the stud bolt 203 may be measured with a displacement gauge and managed based on this. That is, when a compression load is applied to the fuel cell stack, a tensile axial force acts on the stud bolt 203 as a counteraction, and the length of the stud bolt 203 is extended. Since the extension amount of the stud bolt 203 and the tensile axial force (that is, the compression load applied to the fuel cell stack) are in a proportional relationship, if the extension amount of the stud bolt 203 is measured with a displacement gauge, the load applied to the fuel cell stack is increased. Can be managed. In particular, if the extension amount of all the stud bolts 203 (four in this embodiment) is measured and the nut 204 is tightened so that the extension amount becomes equal, the distribution of the load applied to the fuel cell stack is equalized. This is preferable.

  As shown in FIG. 14A, a buffer member 212 may be provided in either the first block 201 or the second block 205, and the displacement of the second block 205 may be managed. For example, a spring or a disc spring can be used as the buffer member 212. The buffer member 212 contracts in accordance with the load applied to the fuel cell stack, and the amount of contraction is proportional to the weight applied to the stack. Therefore, the value of the weight applied to the stack by managing the displacement of the second block 205. Can be managed. Also in this method, if the displacement is measured at a plurality of locations of the second block 205 and the displacement at each location is equalized, the fuel cell stack can be uniformly weighted. Furthermore, if it does in this way, the management precision by a fastening angle method can also be improved. Of course, when the tightening angle method is used, a disc spring 213 or the like may be provided under the nut 204 as shown in FIG. Since the stud bolt 203 has high rigidity, for example, even if the nut 204 is tightened by a half turn, the axial force applied to the stud bolt 203, that is, the load applied to the fuel cell stack is greatly increased. On the other hand, if a disc spring 213 is provided under the nut 204 as shown in FIG. 14B, the disc spring 213 is more easily deformed than the stud bolt 203. Even if tightened, the increase in weight applied to the fuel cell stack can be suppressed to a small value, and therefore it becomes easy to appropriately manage the weight value.

  In the example described above, the electrolyte membrane and the separator are sealed by bonding with an adhesive, but depending on the material of the electrolyte membrane or separator, the electrolyte membrane You may make it seal | stick with a separator closely_contact | adhering.

  Here, FIG. 15A shows an example of a production line for producing a fuel cell stack by the method of this example. The temporary bonding field is a place where the above-described temporary bonding step S10 is performed. Here, the three types of separators, the cathode 104, the electrolyte membrane 102, the anode 103, and the like are temporarily bonded one unit at a time and stacked on the first block 201 provided in the stacking field. When a predetermined number of separators and the like are stacked, the second block 205 is mounted, and the leakage test apparatus 200 is sent to the press machine to apply a predetermined load, and the second block 205 is lightly fixed with a nut. Of course, a predetermined load may be applied by setting the tightening torque of the nut tightening machine to an appropriate value without using a press machine. In any case, after tightening the nut, the fuel cell stack can be taken out together with the leak test apparatus 200 and sent to the leak test machine for the subsequent leak test. The leak test will be described later. The leak test apparatus 200 may be conveyed by a belt conveyor, a transfer machine, or the like from the stacking place to the press machine or the clamping machine and the leak test machine. Conveyance will be described later together with a leak test. If the conveyance speed and conveyance distance from the press machine (or clamping machine) to the leak testing machine are set to appropriate values, the fuel cell stack can be pressurized and bonded during conveyance. Therefore, if one press machine (or tightening machine) and one leak tester are provided, pressurization / adhesion and leak tests are performed one after another in the flow process, greatly improving production efficiency. Can do.

  For reference, an example of a production line for a fuel cell stack when the leakage test apparatus 200 of the present embodiment is not used is shown in FIG. As described above, since it is necessary to maintain the pressurized state for about 10 hours for pressurization and adhesion of the fuel cell stack, when the leakage test apparatus 200 of this embodiment is not used, pressurization is performed with a press. And kept for about 10 hours. That is, since one press machine is occupied for a long time, it is necessary to prepare a large number of press machines, and accordingly, a large space for installing the press machines is also required. In addition, since a large number of press machines are used, the fuel cell stack is removed from the work of transporting the separators and the like that have been temporarily bonded and stacked to an empty press machine, or from the press machine that has been pressurized and bonded. It is also difficult to automate the work of taking it out and transporting it to a leak testing machine using a belt conveyor or a transfer machine.

  As described above, various types of temporarily bonded separators, electrolyte membranes, and the like are stacked on the first block 201 for a predetermined unit, the second block 205 is placed, and a predetermined load is applied for a predetermined time. Then, the applied adhesive is cured, so that the separator and the electrolyte membrane are brought into close contact with each other, and the fuel gas or the oxidizing gas does not leak from this portion. Further, the cooling water is also sealed by the sealing material applied between the cooling separator 113 and the end separator 111, so that the cooling water does not leak outside. In order to confirm this, that is, that the fuel gas or the oxidizing gas and the cooling water are sufficiently sealed, the leakage test is performed as follows for all the fuel cell stacks.

(4) Leak test process:
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, three test fluid supply passages 206, 207 and 208 provided in the first block 201 are used. Each passage opens from a side surface of the first block 201 to a predetermined position on the upper surface of the first block. The opening position of each passage will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 8B, each test fluid supply passage is indicated by a broken line. As shown in the drawing, the opening 206b on the downstream side of the test fluid supply passage 206 is provided at a position where the fuel gas passage hole 125 comes when the separators are stacked. Similarly, the opening 207b of the inspection fluid supply passage 207 is provided at a position where the oxidizing gas passage hole 123 comes, and the opening 208b of the inspection fluid supply passage 208 is provided at a position where the cooling water passage hole 121 comes. In this embodiment, the fuel cell stack that has been set in the leakage test apparatus 200 and has been pressurized and bonded is filled with the test fluid from each of the test fluid supply ports 206a, 207a, and 208a, and the filled test fluid is filled. Conduct a leak test by checking for leaks.

  The outline of the leak test will be described below. FIG. 16A is an explanatory diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a leakage test performed in this example. The inspection fluid (nitrogen gas in this embodiment) is filled in the gas cylinder 231. The inspection fluid exiting from the gas cylinder 231 is first guided to the pressure reducing valve 229 where the pressure is reduced to a predetermined filling pressure. In the present embodiment, after decompression, the inspection fluid is branched into three systems, and inspection is performed from three connection fittings 206c, 207c, and 208c provided in the inspection fluid supply device 230 via an on-off valve and a pressure gauge in each system. It is supplied to each of the fluid supply ports 206a, 207a, 208a. The connection fittings 206c, 207c, and 208c of the test fluid supply device 230 are provided in accordance with the positional relationship of the three test fluid supply ports 206a, 207a, and 208a provided in the first block 201 of the leak test device 200. For this reason, after positioning the leakage test apparatus 200, when the test fluid supply device 230 is advanced and pressed against the first block 201, the three connection fittings 206c, 207c, 208c and the corresponding test fluid supply ports 206a, 206a, Connection with 207a and 208a is completed at the same time. Connection fittings are connected with the open / close valves of each system closed. In this embodiment, the three connection fittings are integrally formed and the connection is completed at the same time. However, the connection fittings 206c, 207c, and 208c are separated for each of the three systems supplying the test fluid. Of course, each of the supply ports may be connected separately.

  When the three connection fittings 206c, 207c, and 208c are connected to the inspection fluid supply ports 206a, 207a, and 208a, a leakage test is performed in the following order in the order of the fuel gas manifold, the oxidizing gas manifold, and the cooling water manifold. First, the on-off valve 220 is opened, the inspection fluid is supplied from the inspection fluid supply port 206a to the fuel gas manifold, and the inspection fluid is filled. When the pressure gauge 223 reaches a predetermined pressure, it can be determined that the filling is completed. Therefore, the on-off valve 220 is closed to check whether the value of the pressure gauge 223 changes. If there is an imperfect part in the seal of the fuel gas manifold, the test fluid leaks from this, and as a result, the value of the pressure gauge 223 gradually decreases. Can do. If the pressure gauge value does not change after the lapse of a predetermined time, it is determined that there is no incomplete seal in the fuel gas manifold, and the relief valve (not shown) provided in the test fluid supply device 230 is opened. Then, the inspection fluid filled in the fuel gas manifold is discharged.

  When the fuel gas manifold leakage test is completed as described above, the oxidizing gas manifold leakage test is started according to the same procedure. That is, the on-off valve 221 is opened to fill the oxidizing gas manifold with the inspection fluid. When the filling is completed, the on-off valve 221 is closed and the pressure change of the pressure gauge 224 is examined. If the pressure does not change after a predetermined time, it is determined that the oxidizing gas manifold has no incomplete seal, and the test fluid filled from the relief valve provided in the test fluid supply device 230 is removed. discharge. The leakage test is performed in the same manner for the cooling water manifold.

  Here, in this embodiment, the leakage test of the fuel gas manifold, the oxidizing gas manifold, and the cooling water manifold is separately performed as described above for the following reason. For example, if there is an incomplete part of the seal between the fuel gas manifold and the oxidizing gas manifold, such as a hole in the electrolyte membrane, the test fluid was not supplied to the fuel gas manifold and the oxidizing gas manifold at the same time. Because this cannot be found. For the same reason, the leak test cannot be performed simultaneously on the fuel gas manifold and the cooling water manifold, or on the oxidizing gas manifold and the cooling water manifold. However, if the following is performed, it is possible to simultaneously perform a leak test on three manifolds. Hereinafter, this method will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 16B is an explanatory diagram conceptually illustrating an example in which a leak test of three manifolds is simultaneously performed. In the example shown in FIG. 16A, the test fluid is branched into three systems downstream of the pressure reducing valve 229. In the example of FIG. 16B, on the upstream side of the pressure reducing valve. Only the branches are different. For this reason, in FIG. 16A, the filling pressures of the respective manifolds are all the same, but in the case of FIG. 16B, the filling pressures can be set independently for each manifold. . That is, by setting the set values of the pressure reducing valves 226, 227, and 228 separately, the fuel manifold, the oxidizing gas manifold, and the cooling water manifold can be filled with the test fluid at different pressures.

  Hereinafter, this will be specifically described with reference to FIG. The three pressure reducing valves 226, 227, and 228 are set to different values in advance, and the test fluid supply device 230 is connected to the first block 201 with the on-off valves 220, 221, and 222 closed. Next, the on-off valves 220, 221, and 222 are opened, and each manifold is filled with the inspection fluid. When the values of the pressure gauges 223, 224, and 225 are stabilized, it is determined that the filling is completed, all the three on-off valves are closed, and the values of the pressure gauges after a predetermined time have elapsed are examined. From the values of the three pressure gauges, the quality of the seal can be determined as follows.

  First, if there is no change in the values of the three pressure gauges, the test fluid has not leaked from the respective manifolds. Therefore, it can be determined that the seals of the respective manifolds are complete.

  If only one pressure gauge value has changed and the other two pressure gauges have not changed, the manifold with the changed pressure value has an imperfect part of the seal, and the gas in the manifold is not in the fuel cell stack. It can be judged that it is leaking outside.

  When the values of the two pressure gauges are both decreasing, the following two cases can be considered. That is, the case where the two manifolds whose pressure values have changed have imperfect seals and the inside of each manifold and the outside of the fuel cell stack are directly connected, or the two manifolds communicate with each other. Furthermore, it is a case where the inside and outside of the manifold are connected.

  When the value of one of the two pressure gauges is rising and the value of the other pressure gauge is decreasing, it is a case where two manifolds corresponding to these pressure gauges communicate with each other . However, it can be determined that the inspection fluid does not leak outside the fuel cell stack.

  When the values of the three pressure gauges are changed, it is possible to obtain information on the portion where the seal failure has occurred in substantially the same manner as when the values of the two pressure gauges are changed.

  Thus, by changing the values of the three pressure gauges, if there is an incomplete part of the seal, and if there is an incomplete part of the seal, information on which part is defective can be obtained. it can.

  According to the method shown in FIG. 16B, the leakage inspection of the three manifolds can be performed simultaneously, so that the test efficiency can be improved. In addition, since it is possible to obtain information on the content of the seal failure that occurred during the leak test, this information is fed back to a more upstream manufacturing process (for example, a temporary bonding process or a further upstream electrolyte membrane manufacturing process). Thus, there is an advantage that the manufacturing efficiency as a whole can be improved.

  17 and 18 conceptually show a state in which each manifold formed in the fuel cell stack is filled with the inspection fluid. FIG. 17A shows how the fuel gas manifold is filled. The nitrogen gas supplied to the inspection fluid supply port 206a provided on the side surface of the first block 201 passes through the opening 206b on the upper surface of the first block 201, and the fuel gas formed by the fuel gas passage hole 125 communicating therewith. Manifold is introduced. The fuel gas passage hole 125 has an elongated shape as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 8B, and the introduced inspection fluid (nitrogen gas) moves up the fuel gas manifold having the elongated sectional shape. Go. In FIG. 17A, the front side of the figure is raised. In FIG. 17A, the test fluid is expressed as if it has been divided into four passages in the fuel cell stack, and this is expressed for convenience in order to avoid complication of the figure. It is a thing. A fuel gas manifold in which fuel gas passage holes 124 are formed in communication with each other is formed on the back side of FIG. The two manifolds formed on the near side and the far side in the figure are connected by a fuel gas channel 105P provided in each separator (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Thus, when the inspection fluid fills the front manifold, it passes through the fuel gas flow path 105P and flows into the manifold formed on the back side. In FIG. 17A, in order to avoid complication of the drawing, the number of the fuel gas flow paths 105P is expressed to be considerably smaller than the actual number. When the gas pressures in the two fuel gas manifolds become the set gas pressure in this way, the test fluid filling operation of the fuel gas manifold is completed.

  FIG. 17B shows a state in which the test fluid is filled in the oxidizing gas manifold, and FIG. 18 shows a state in which the test fluid in the cooling water manifold is filled. The manner in which the test fluid is filled into the oxidizing gas manifold and the cooling water manifold is the same as that in the case where the fuel gas manifold is filled. That is, when the test fluid is supplied to the respective test fluid supply ports 207a and 208a, the respective manifolds are introduced from the openings 207b and 208b, and the test fluid is filled in the opposite manifold through the passage provided in the separator. The

  The pressure of the test fluid filled in each manifold, that is, the set pressure of the pressure reducing valve is set to a value obtained experimentally. In general, the higher the gas filling pressure, the shorter the filling time, and the higher the filling pressure, the easier it is for the filled gas to leak, and therefore the faster the gas pressure decreases. Can be judged. However, if the pressure is set too high, there is a possibility that the seal between the separator and the electrolyte membrane may be broken by the pressure of the gas to be filled. Therefore, an optimum filling pressure is obtained by experiments. Further, the filling pressure of the cooling water manifold may be set lower than the filling pressure of the fuel gas or oxidizing gas manifold. This is because the cooling water is generally easier to seal than the gas seal, and therefore the required sealing ability is lower than that of the fuel gas manifold or the like. In addition, while sealing the fuel gas manifold etc. by hardening the adhesive, the sealing of the cooling water is only performed by applying a sealing material, so the seal is broken by the pressure of the filled gas. From this point, it is preferable that the filling pressure of the cooling water manifold can be set to a low value. In this example, the time required from the start of filling the manifold with the inspection fluid to the determination of the quality of the seal was within 30 seconds.

  In the above description, nitrogen gas is used as the inspection fluid, but other gases may be used. For example, clean air, carbon dioxide, helium gas, or the like can be used. In general, since a gas having a lower molecular weight tends to leak, the use of hydrogen gas, which is the gas having the lowest molecular weight, can further improve inspection accuracy. However, it is also preferable to substitute helium gas that is easier to handle and obtain. Further, the inspection fluid may be changed between the cooling water manifold and another manifold. That is, nitrogen gas or clean air may be supplied to the cooling water manifold, and a gas having a small molecular weight such as helium gas may be supplied to the other manifold. As these test fluids, select and use fluids that satisfy at least three conditions that leakage is easy to detect, easy to handle, and that there is no possibility of chemical reaction in the fuel cell. Is preferred.

  As described above, in the manufacture of the fuel cell laminate of the present embodiment, various separators, electrolyte membranes, etc., pressure / adhesion, and leak tests can be performed in the state set in the leak test apparatus 200. it can. Therefore, there is no need to reset the fuel cell stack after pressurization / adhesion to the leak tester, which can greatly improve manufacturing efficiency and damage the stack when set in the leak tester. It is possible to reduce manufacturing quality deterioration factors such as

  Further, test fluid supply ports 206a, 207a, 208a for introducing a test fluid for leak test are provided on the side surface of the first block 201 of the leak test apparatus 200, and the test fluid is supplied from the supply port. In this case, the leakage test can be performed very efficiently as shown in FIG. For example, when the fuel cell stack is set on the leak test apparatus 200 and conveyed on the belt conveyor, the worker on the production line performs the leak test only by filling the inspection fluid from each supply port. It can be carried out.

  In the above description, the test fluid supply passage is described as being provided in the first block 201, but a similar passage may be provided in the second block 205. Since the position of the inspection fluid supply port is higher in the second block 205 than in the first block 201, the working posture of the line operator is improved, and the working efficiency may be improved.

  Furthermore, the leak test apparatus 200 may be placed on a transfer pallet and transferred to the leak tester by a transfer machine. In this way, the position of the inspection fluid supply port provided in the leakage test apparatus 200 and the relative position of the leakage test machine can be kept constant at all times, so the inspection fluid filling operation can be automated to automatically perform the leakage test. Can be done.

  Moreover, when using the leak test apparatus 200 of the present embodiment, there is an advantage that the same production line can be used when manufacturing fuel cells having different shapes. That is, when the first block 201 and the second block 205 are formed in accordance with the shape of the fuel cell, the same leak test can be performed even if the shape of the fuel cell is different if the shape of the inspection fluid supply port is the same shape. A leak test can be performed using a machine. If the position of the inspection fluid supply port is provided at the same position with respect to the first block 201 or the transfer pallet regardless of the shape of the fuel cell, the same automatic machine is used for the leakage test of other types of fuel cells. Can be easily implemented. Furthermore, if the positions of the stud bolts are unified, the same device can be used for the nut tightening machine in the pressurizing / bonding process. Therefore, it becomes easy to manufacture many types of fuel cells on a single line.

  Instead of mounting the leak test apparatus 200 on the transfer pallet, the first block 201 itself may be formed integrally with the transfer pallet. This eliminates the need to mount the leakage test apparatus 200 while positioning it on the transfer pallet, thereby further improving the production efficiency.

  When the leak test is completed as described above, the fuel cell stack is removed from the leak test apparatus 200 and conveyed to the next step. The first block 201 and the second block 205 are supplied again to the laminating step S20 and used for the pressurizing / bonding step S30 and the leakage test step S40.

  In order to remove the fuel cell stack from the leakage test apparatus 200, it is necessary to remove the nut 204 and remove the second block 205. At this time, a nut holder may be provided on the second block 205 so that the nut 204 does not fall off from the second block 205. An example of this is shown in FIG. The nut 204 can freely rotate and the second block 205 can be tightened. However, even if the nut 204 is loosened, the flange portion is not caught by the nut retainer 214 and does not fall off from the second block 205. If the nut presser 214 is provided in this way, the nut 204 is supplied to the stacking step S20 together with the second block 205, so that it is not necessary to supply the nut 204 for tightening the second block 205, thereby improving manufacturing efficiency. This is preferable because it is not necessary to prepare a nut supply device when automating the production line.

  The laminated body determined to have no leakage portion in the leakage test is assembled in the fuel cell 10 together with the current collector plate and the end plate. When it is determined that there is a leaking part, it is possible to identify the leaking part as follows and to reassemble the leaking part. That is, as described above in the description of the temporary bonding step S10, a sealing material is applied between the cooling separator 113 and the end separator 111 in contact therewith, and no adhesive is applied. Therefore, it is possible to disassemble the fuel cell stack between the cooling separator 113 and the end separator 111 even after pressurization and adhesion. FIG. 20 conceptually shows the state of such disassembly. When a leak is found in the leak test, the unit in which the leak has occurred can be identified by performing the leak test while gradually disassembling as shown in FIG. If a leaking unit is identified in this way, it can be used without any problem if only that unit is replaced with a normal unit and reassembled.

  Although various embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to all the embodiments described above, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above description, the second block 205 is tightened using a nut, but as illustrated in FIG. 21, a structure using a bolt 215 instead of a nut may be used.

  In the above description, only the leak test is performed, but other tests may be performed in combination with the leak test. As an example of another test, it is also possible to measure the internal resistance of the fuel cell stack as follows. First, the first block 201 and the second block 205 are configured to be electrically insulated from each other, and electrodes are provided on the surfaces in contact with the fuel cell stack. In order to electrically insulate the first block 201 and the second block 205, for example, the surface of the second block 205 may be covered with an insulating material. Next, moderate moisture is supplied from the inspection fluid supply port to impart conductivity to the electrolyte membrane, and the resistance value between the electrode of the first block 201 and the electrode of the second block 205 is measured. A fuel cell stack having an internal resistance value higher than a predetermined value is considered to contain defective single cells. Therefore, it is only necessary to disassemble the unit unit and replace the defective unit.

It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally the whole structure of the fuel cell assembled using the fuel cell laminated body of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally the structure of the fuel cell for a single cell. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that a separator and an electrolyte membrane, a cathode, and an anode are assembled and a fuel cell is comprised. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the manufacturing / inspection process of the fuel cell laminated body in a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the separator, electrolyte membrane, etc. for 1 unit are temporarily bonded. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the separator, electrolyte membrane, etc. for 1 unit are temporarily bonded using a gasket. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole shape of the leak test apparatus of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the unit temporarily bonded on the leak test apparatus of a present Example is laminated | stacked. In the fuel cell lamination process of a present Example, it is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the temporary bonding operation | work is made into multiple lines. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other aspect which positions the unit laminated | stacked on the leak test apparatus of a present Example. In the leakage test apparatus of a present Example, it is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the pressurization and adhesion | attachment of a fuel cell laminated body are performed by adding and hold | maintaining predetermined load. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the weight added to a fuel cell laminated body is managed by utilizing a press machine. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the value of the weight added to a fuel cell laminated body is managed by measuring the elongation of the stud bolt of a leak test apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates notionally a mode that the management accuracy of the load added to a fuel cell laminated body is improved by providing a buffer member in the leak test apparatus of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure of the manufacturing line which manufactures a fuel cell laminated body using the leak test apparatus of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the leak test of a fuel cell laminated body is performed using the leak test apparatus of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the test fluid supplied from the test fluid supply port in the leak test is filled into the fuel gas manifold / oxidizing gas manifold in the fuel cell stack. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the test fluid supplied from the test fluid supply port in the leak test is filled in the cooling water manifold in the fuel cell stack. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates a mode that the nut press was provided in the 2nd block of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that the fuel cell laminated body is decomposed | disassembled per unit in a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole shape of the leak test apparatus as another aspect.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Fuel cell 20 ... Fuel supply-and-discharge part 30 ... Pressurization mechanism 100A-100D ... Fuel cell laminated body 101 ... Single cell 102 ... Electrolyte membrane 103 ... Anode 104 ... Cathode 105,106 ... Separator 105P, 106P ... Gas flow path DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 ... Central separator 111 ... End part separator 113 ... Cooling separator 114 ... Epoxy resin adhesive 115 ... Sealing material 116 ... Gasket 120, 121 ... Cooling water passage hole 122, 123 ... Oxidation gas passage hole 124, 125 ... Fuel gas passage Hole 126 ... Rib 127 ... Rib 128 ... Groove 128P ... Cooling water passage 128P ... Cooling water passage 200 ... Leakage test apparatus 201 ... First block 202 ... Guide 203 ... Stud bolt 204 ... Nut 205 ... Second block 206,207,208 ... Inspection fluid supply passage 206a, 2 07a, 208a ... Inspection fluid supply ports 206b, 207b, 208b ... Openings 206c, 207c, 208c ... Connection fittings 209 ... Air cylinder 210 ... Press plate 211 ... Press machine 212 ... Buffer member 213 ... Belleville spring 214 ... Nut presser 215 ... Bolts 220 to 222 ... On-off valves 223 to 225 ... Pressure gauges 226 to 228 ... Pressure reducing valves 229 ... Pressure reducing valves 230 ... Inspection fluid supply device 231 ... Gas cylinders

Claims (4)

A fuel cell laminate leakage test method formed by laminating a separator provided with a fuel gas passage hole and an oxidizing gas passage hole through which power generation gas passes and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the separators,
The fuel gas passage hole and the oxidizing gas passage hole are filled with predetermined test fluids having different pressures, and the pressure of the predetermined test fluid filled in each of the fuel gas passage hole and the oxidizing gas passage hole is set. Leak test method that checks for leaks by measuring. Fuel formed by laminating a separator provided with a fuel gas passage hole and an oxidizing gas passage hole through which power generation gas passes, a cooling water passage hole through which cooling water passes, and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched by the separator A leakage test method for a battery stack,
At least two of the fuel gas passage hole, the oxidizing gas passage hole, and the cooling water passage hole are filled with predetermined test fluids having different pressures, and each of the at least two passage holes is filled. A leak test method for inspecting whether or not there is a leak by measuring a pressure of the predetermined inspection fluid. In the leak test method according to claim 2,
Filling all the passage holes of the fuel gas passage hole, the oxidizing gas passage hole, and the cooling water passage hole with a predetermined inspection fluid having different pressures, the predetermined inspection filled in all the passage holes A leak test method that checks for leaks by measuring fluid pressure.   In the leak test method according to claim 3,
  The leak test method wherein the pressure of the predetermined inspection fluid filling the cooling water passage hole is lower than the pressure of the predetermined inspection fluid filling either the fuel gas passage hole or the oxidizing gas passage hole .

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