JP4733849B2 - Cleaning mechanism of processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cleaning mechanism of a processing apparatus for cleaning a main shaft portion on which a tool is replaceably mounted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a tool such as a boring bar or a drill can be replaced with a main spindle, and a desired tool can be attached to the main spindle corresponding to the shape and processing part of the workpiece. A processing apparatus for performing the above processing operations is widely used.
[0003]
In this type of processing apparatus, there is a risk that chips and chips (hereinafter referred to as foreign matter) generated when cutting with a tool adhere to the tool support portion of the main spindle portion and the mounting accuracy of the tool is reduced. There is. Therefore, various proposals have been made in order to remove foreign matters and increase the accuracy of tool mounting. For example, a spindle device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3035195 is known.
[0004]
In this prior art, when the tool holder is clamped, the valve body is opened to open the through hole of the pull stud and the coolant passage, and the coolant is supplied from the coolant passage. Is closed temporarily so that the through hole of the pull stud and the coolant passage are closed, and air blow is concentrated between the setting surface of the spindle (tool support portion) and the tool holder. Yes.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned prior art, since the foreign matter existing between the setting surface of the spindle and the tool holder is blown off by air blow, the foreign matter is likely to adhere to other parts of the processing equipment. Has been.
[0006]
The present invention solves this type of problem, and provides a cleaning mechanism for a machining apparatus that can easily and reliably remove foreign matter adhering to a main shaft portion on which a tool is replaceably mounted with a simple configuration. The purpose is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the cleaning mechanism of the processing apparatus according to the present invention, one end of the cylindrical member is engaged with the main shaft portion from which the tool is removed, and the cylindrical member communicates with the hollow portion and the hollow portion. And a hole to be opened. Therefore, in a state where one end of the cylindrical member is engaged with the main shaft portion, by supplying gas toward the other end side of the cylindrical member, a hole portion communicating with the hollow portion under the action of the ejector means is provided. The foreign matter in the main shaft portion is removed by suction.
[0008]
In this way, the foreign matter in the main shaft is sucked and removed through the ejector means, so that the foreign matter is scattered and adheres to other parts of the processing equipment, unlike the conventional technique in which the foreign matter is removed by air blow. There is no. As a result, foreign matters can be reliably removed, the entire machining operation can be performed satisfactorily, and the configuration can be easily simplified.
[0009]
Further, the cylindrical member is provided in an automatic tool changer that automatically changes a tool to the main shaft portion. Therefore, when the tool is automatically changed, the main shaft portion is automatically cleaned, and the efficiency of the entire operation can be improved.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a processing apparatus 10 incorporating a cleaning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the processing apparatus 10, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the device 10.
[0011]
The processing apparatus 10 includes a spindle unit 16 on which a tool 14 into which a guide bush 12 has been previously inserted is mounted, and a first drive mechanism 20 that advances and retracts the spindle unit 16 with respect to a workpiece W on a base 18 in the arrow Z direction. A guide bush holding unit 22 for holding the guide bush 12 inserted through the tool 14, and the guide bush holding unit 22 is moved forward and backward in the arrow Z direction on the base 18 separately from the spindle unit 16. And a third drive mechanism 26 for moving the base 18 back and forth in the direction of the arrow X perpendicular to the forward and backward directions of the first and second drive mechanisms 20 and 24.
[0012]
On the base member 28 constituting the processing apparatus 10, X-axis rails 30a and 30b extending in the direction of the arrow X in parallel with each other are provided, and the third drive mechanism 26 is close to the X-axis rail 30a side. Is fixed. As shown in FIG. 4, one end of a ball screw 34 is connected to the rotational drive shaft 32a of the X-axis motor 32, and the ball screw 34 extends in the arrow X direction, and both ends thereof are base members. 28 is rotatably supported via a bearing 36. A nut member 38 is screwed into the ball screw 34, and the nut member 38 is provided at the lower portion of the base 18.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, rail guides 40 a and 40 b that engage with the X-axis rails 30 a and 30 b are fixed to the lower portion of the base 18. A first Z-axis motor 42 constituting the first drive mechanism 20 is mounted on the base 18, and a ball screw 44 is connected to the rotational drive shaft 42 a of the first Z-axis motor 42. Both ends of the ball screw 44 are rotatably supported by the base 18 via bearings 46, and a nut member 48 is engaged with the ball screw 44.
[0014]
The nut member 48 is provided below the first table 50, and the first table 50 is slidable on Z-axis rails 52a and 52b extending in parallel with each other on the base 18 in the arrow Z direction. Supported. A spindle unit 16 is mounted on the first table 50, and the spindle unit 16 includes a spindle unit 53 that is rotationally driven via a motor 51. The tool 14 is detachably mounted on the tool support portion (concave portion) 53a of the main shaft portion 53 via a tool holder 54 (see FIG. 5).
[0015]
A guide bush 12 is inserted into the tool 14 in advance, and a bush holder (holder member) 56 is fixed to the guide bush 12. Grooves 58 a and 58 b that reach the outer periphery of the tool holder 54 are integrally provided on the outer periphery of the bush holder 56.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the second drive mechanism 24 includes a second Z-axis motor 60, and the second Z-axis motor 60 is attached to the first table 50. One end of a ball screw 62 extending in the arrow Z direction is connected to the rotation drive shaft 60a of the second Z-axis motor 60, and the ball screw 62 is accommodated in a bottomed cylindrical casing 64.
[0017]
A nut member 66 is screwed onto the ball screw 62, and the nut member 66 is provided on a second table 68 that constitutes the guide bush holding unit 22. The second table 68 can advance and retreat in the arrow Z direction separately from the first table 50 under the guiding action of the Z-axis rails 52a and 52b.
[0018]
A clamp mechanism 70 that can attach and detach the bush holder 56 is provided at the distal end portion of the guide bush holding unit 22. As shown in FIG. 5, the clamp mechanism 70 includes a ball plunger 72 for temporarily clamping the bush holder 56, and a cylindrical retracting member 76 that is biased toward the main shaft portion 53 via a spring 74. A hole 78 is formed at the end of the retracting member 76, and the ball 80 inserted into the hole 78 is freely engageable with a tapered surface 82 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bush holder 56.
[0019]
An automatic tool changer (ATC) 100 is juxtaposed with the processing apparatus 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the automatic tool changer 100 includes a frame 102 fixed to a side portion of a base member 28, and a rotary actuator 104 is mounted on the upper portion of the frame 102, and the rotary actuator The end of the arm member 106 is fixed to the drive shaft 104.
[0020]
The other end of the arm member 106 is provided with a first chuck holder 110a and a second chuck holder 110b that extend in both the left and right directions, and a cleaning mechanism is provided between the first and second chuck holders 110a and 110b. 112 is mounted (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
[0021]
The first and second chuck holders 110a and 110b enter groove portions 58a and 58b provided on the outer peripheral portions of the bush holder 56 and the tool holder 54, and are used to integrally grip the tool holder 54 and the tool 14. A pair of claw portions 114a and 114b are provided.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 8, the cleaning mechanism 112 includes a cylindrical member 120, and the bottomed end 120 a of the cylindrical member 120 is freely engageable with the tool support portion 53 a of the main shaft portion 53. The one end 120a has a small diameter from the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 120 via the stepped portion 124, and is set to be slightly smaller than the inner peripheral diameter of the tool support portion 53a. The tubular member 120 has a hollow portion 126 that terminates on the one end 120a side, and the hollow portion 126 communicates with the plurality of first and second hole portions 128 and 130, respectively.
[0023]
The first holes 128 are spaced apart by a predetermined angular interval, open from the outer periphery of the one end 120a of the cylindrical member 120 to the tool support portion 53a, and inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the center line of the cylindrical member 120. Then, it communicates with the hollow portion 126. The second hole portion 130 communicates with the inner surface side of the clamp mechanism 70 from the other end 120b side of the cylindrical member 120, and is inclined toward the one end 120a side with respect to the diametrical direction and separated by a predetermined angular interval. It communicates with the hollow portion 126. The outer diameter of the cylindrical member 120 is set so as to define a predetermined gap with the inner peripheral surface of the clamp mechanism 70.
[0024]
On the other end 120b side of the cylindrical member 120, an ejector means 132 is configured. The ejector means 132 includes a ring-shaped flow path member 134 attached to the other end 120b of the cylindrical member 120. The flow path member 134 is provided with a supply port 136 communicating with a gas (not shown), for example, an air supply source. . The supply port 136 communicates with a plurality of pore-shaped passages 140 through an annular groove 138, and the passage 140 is provided in an inward direction at the other end 120b.
[0025]
A cylindrical body 142 is attached to the flow path member 134. One end of the through-hole 144 formed in the cylindrical body 142 communicates with the passage 140, and the other end can be opened to the outside or communicated with a collection container (not shown).
[0026]
The operation of the processing apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described below.
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a tool 14 in which a guide bush 12 and a bush holder 56 are fitted and inserted in advance is attached to a main shaft portion 53 constituting the main shaft unit 16, and the bush holder 56 is used as a clamp mechanism 70. It is connected to the guide bush holding unit 22 via.
[0028]
Therefore, after the workpiece W is conveyed to a machining position via a conveying means (not shown) and positioned and held by a clamp structure (not shown), first, the second drive mechanism 24 is driven. For this reason, the ball screw 62 is rotated via the second Z-axis motor 60 constituting the second drive mechanism 24, and the second table 68 provided with the nut member 66 that meshes with the ball screw 62 is used for the tool 14. It moves in the direction of the arrow Z1 (direction approaching the workpiece W) parallel to the axial direction.
[0029]
A bush holder 56 is connected to the guide bush holding unit 22 via a clamp mechanism 70, and the bush holder 56 and the guide bush 12 are inserted into the tool 14 and the guide bush holding unit 22 is inserted into the guide bush holding unit 22. It moves in the direction of the arrow Z1 integrally with the second table 68 that constitutes it.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 9, when the guide bush 12 moves to the vicinity of the machining position of the workpiece W, the drive of the second Z-axis motor 60 that constitutes the second drive mechanism 24 is stopped. Next, machining of the workpiece W is started via the tool 14 mounted on the spindle unit 16 under the driving action of the first driving mechanism 20, and the guide bush 12 is driven under the driving action of the second driving mechanism 24. Stops at a certain position in the vicinity of the workpiece W and guides the tool 14.
[0031]
That is, when the ball screw 44 rotates under the driving action of the first Z-axis motor 42 constituting the first drive mechanism 20, the first table 50 is moved in the direction of the arrow Z1 via the nut member 48 screwed into the ball screw 44. Move to. A spindle unit 16 is mounted on the first table 50, and a motor 51 constituting the spindle unit 16 is driven. For this reason, the tool 14 attached to the main shaft portion 53 rotates integrally with the main shaft portion 53, and, for example, drilling is started in the workpiece W.
[0032]
On the other hand, a second Z-axis motor 60 that constitutes the second drive mechanism 24 is disposed on the first table 50. When the first table 50 moves in the direction of the arrow Z1, the second table 68 is moved to the second table 68. In order to stop the supported guide bush 12 at a fixed position in the vicinity of the workpiece W, the second Z-axis motor 60 is driven in the opposite direction to the above. Thus, the second table 68 moves in the direction of the arrow Z2 with respect to the first table 50 via the ball screw 62 and the nut member 66, and holds the guide bush 12 at a fixed position.
[0033]
Then, as shown in FIG. 10, when the machining of the workpiece W is completed via the tool 14, the first and second drive mechanisms 20, 24 are driven, and the first and second tables 50, 68 are separated from the workpiece W. Move in the direction (arrow Z2 direction). Thereby, the spindle unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 are disposed at a predetermined standby position.
[0034]
Next, when the spindle unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 move in the direction of the arrow Z2 under the action of the first and second drive mechanisms 20, 24, the bush holder 56 is removed from the clamp mechanism 70, and the tool 14 is moved. It is taken out from the main shaft portion 53. Therefore, a new tool 14 in which a new guide bush 12 is inserted is mounted on the spindle unit 16 and a new bush holder 56 fixed to the new guide bush 12 via a clamp mechanism 70 is provided. It is connected to the guide bush holding unit 22.
[0035]
Next, an operation of exchanging the tool 14 used for the machining operation with a new tool 14 held by the automatic tool changer 100 will be described.
[0036]
First, in the automatic tool changer 100, under the driving action of the rotary actuator 104, the arm member 106 is swung and the first and second chuck holders 110a and 110b are arranged on the main shaft portion 53 side (see FIG. 1). The first chuck holder 110a is in an empty state, and the second chuck holder 110b is gripped in a state in which a new tool 14 is inserted into a new guide bush 12.
[0037]
Therefore, the X-axis motor 32 constituting the third drive mechanism 26 is driven, and the base 18 moves in the direction of the arrow X1 under the rotating action of the ball screw 34. When the base 18 moves in the arrow X1 direction, the tool 14 attached to the spindle unit 16 moves in the arrow X1 direction, and a pair of claw portions 114a constituting the first chuck holder 110a are provided in the bush holder 56. It enters into the groove portions 58a and 58b.
[0038]
In this state, the driving of the third drive mechanism 26 is stopped, and the tool holder 54 is gripped through the first chuck holder 110a. Then, the clamp mechanism 70 is moved in the arrow Z2 direction via the guide bush holding unit 22. For this reason, the end surface of the retracting member 76 abuts on the front end surface of the spindle unit 16, and the ball 80 inserted into the hole 78 of the retracting member 76 is detached from the tapered surface 82 of the bush holder 56, and the bush holder 56 The clamping action of is released.
[0039]
Further, the first and second Z-axis motors 42 and 60 constituting the first and second drive mechanisms 20 and 24 are driven, and the first and second tables 50 and 68 are moved in the direction of the arrow Z2, whereby the tool 14 Is detached from the spindle unit 16 and the clamp mechanism 70 in a state where the guide bush 12 and the bush holder 56 are supported (see a two-dot chain line in FIG. 11).
[0040]
After the tool 14 is held by the first chuck holder 110a and removed from the spindle unit 16, the third drive mechanism 26 is driven to move the base 18 by a predetermined distance in the arrow X1 direction. Next, under the driving action of the first and second drive mechanisms 20, 24, the spindle unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 move in the direction of the arrow Z <b> 1, and the cleaning mechanism 112 attached to the automatic tool changer 100 is moved to the cleaning mechanism 112. On the other hand, the main shaft unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 are engaged.
[0041]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the cylindrical member 120 constituting the cleaning mechanism 112 is loosely fitted in the clamp mechanism 70, and one end 120 a of the cylindrical member 120 is a tool support portion 53 a of the main shaft portion 53. Inserted with a slight gap. In this state, air is supplied to the annular groove 138 from an air supply pipe (not shown) connected to a supply port 136 provided in the flow path member 134.
[0042]
The air supplied to the annular groove 138 is discharged from the plurality of pore-shaped passages 140 to the through holes 144 in the cylindrical body 142 and led out to the outside from the open end side of the through holes 144. At that time, a negative pressure is generated in the hollow portion 126 of the cylindrical member 120, and the first and second holes 128 and 130 communicating with the hollow portion 126 become negative pressure.
[0043]
For this reason, the foreign matter adhering to the tool support portion 53a of the main shaft portion 53 in which the first hole portion 128 is opened is sucked, and this foreign matter passes through the hollow portion 126 from the first hole portion 128 and passes through the hole. 144, and is collected in a collection container (not shown). On the other hand, foreign matter adhering to the inner surface side of the clamp mechanism 70 with which the second hole portion 130 communicates is similarly sent from the second hole portion 130 to the through hole 144 via the hollow portion 126 and then collected. Is done.
[0044]
Thus, in the present embodiment, the action of the ejector means 132 is performed in a state where the one end 120a of the cylindrical member 120 constituting the cleaning mechanism 112 is engaged with the tool support portion 53a of the main shaft portion 53 from which the tool 14 has been removed. Below, a negative pressure is generated from the hollow portion 126 to the first hole portion 128 to suck and remove the foreign matter adhering to the tool support portion 53a.
[0045]
Thereby, compared with the conventional structure which blows air to the tool support part 53a, the foreign matter adhering to the tool support part 53a is scattered, and the foreign matter is transferred to other members or other equipment constituting the processing apparatus 10. Can be collected easily and reliably. Therefore, foreign matter adheres to other members, causing no processing failure of the workpiece W, or causing failure or stop of the drive unit, so that the processing operation of the workpiece W is efficient and highly accurate. The effect of being carried out is obtained.
[0046]
Moreover, the cleaning mechanism 112 actually includes a cylindrical member 120 and an ejector means 132. For this reason, the structure of the whole cleaning mechanism 112 is effectively simplified, and it becomes economical. In the second hole 130, the same effect as that of the first hole 128 can be obtained.
[0047]
As described above, after the main shaft unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 are cleaned, the main shaft unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 move in the direction of the arrow Z2 and are detached from the cleaning mechanism 112. Further, the base 18 moves by a predetermined distance in the arrow X1 direction, and the spindle unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 move in the arrow Z1 direction. As a result, the new tool 14 held by the second chuck holder 110b is attached to the spindle unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 with the new guide bush 12 being inserted.
[0048]
Next, after the base 18 moves in the direction of the arrow X1 and the new tool 14 is removed from the second chuck holder 110b, the arm member 106 swings vertically upward under the driving action of the rotary actuator 104. The first and second chuck holders 110a and 110b are arranged at the tool replacement position. On the other hand, the spindle unit 16 and the guide bush holding unit 22 are arranged corresponding to the next processing position.
[0049]
In the spindle unit 16, no foreign matter is present between the new tool 14 and the spindle portion 53, and the mounting accuracy of the tool 14 is effectively improved. For this reason, there can be obtained an advantage that it is possible to surely prevent a processing failure due to a deflection of the tool 14 or a breakage of the tool 14 during the processing.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
In the cleaning mechanism of the processing apparatus according to the present invention, a negative pressure is applied to the hollow portion in the cylindrical member under the action of the ejector means with one end of the cylindrical member engaged with the main shaft portion from which the tool has been removed. The main shaft portion is sucked through the hole portion that is generated and communicates with the hollow portion. For this reason, the foreign matter adhering in the main shaft portion is sucked and collected through the cylindrical member, and the foreign matter can be reliably prevented from scattering and adhering to other members. As a result, foreign matter can be reliably removed from the main shaft portion, and reattachment of the foreign matter can be prevented, so that efficient machining can be performed with a simple configuration.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective explanatory view of a processing apparatus incorporating a cleaning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the processing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the processing apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a partially sectional rear view of the processing apparatus.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a guide bush, a bush holder, and a clamp mechanism that constitute the processing apparatus.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of first and second chuck holders constituting the cleaning mechanism and an automatic tool changer to which the cleaning mechanism is mounted.
FIG. 7 is a front explanatory view of the cleaning mechanism and the first and second chuck holders.
FIG. 8 is a sectional side view of the cleaning mechanism.
FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory diagram when the guide bush is moved to a position close to the workpiece.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram when machining of the workpiece is completed.
FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory diagram of the automatic tool changer.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Processing apparatus 12 ... Guide bush 14 ... Tool 16 ... Main shaft unit 18 ... Base 20, 24, 26 ... Drive mechanism 22 ... Guide bush holding unit 30a, 30b ... X-axis rail 32 ... X-axis motor 34, 44, 62 ... Ball screw 42, 60 ... Z-axis motor 50, 68 ... Table 51 ... Motor 52a, 52b ... Z-axis rail 53 ... Main shaft part 53a ... Tool support part 54 ... Tool holder 56 ... Bush holder 70 ... Clamp mechanism 100 ... Automatic tool Exchange device 102 ... Frame 106 ... Arm members 110a, 110b ... Chuck holder 112 ... Cleaning mechanism 114a, 114b ... Claw portion 120 ... Cylindrical member 120a ... One end 120b ... Other end 126 ... Hollow portion 132 ... Ejector means 134 ... Channel member 138 ... annular groove 140 ... passage

Claims (1)

A cleaning mechanism of a processing apparatus for cleaning a spindle portion on which a tool is replaceably mounted by an automatic tool changer ,
The automatic tool changer is provided with a chuck holder on which an end of an arm member connected to an actuator is detachable, and the cleaning mechanism.
The cleaning mechanism includes a tubular member having a said tool is engaged at one end to the main shaft portion is removed, the hole portion is opened communicates with the hollow portion and the hollow portion in the main spindle section,
Ejector means for sucking and removing foreign matter in the main shaft portion through the hole portion communicating with the hollow portion by supplying gas toward the other end side of the cylindrical member;
A cleaning mechanism for a processing apparatus, comprising:

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