JP4683579B1 - Reinforcement structure for wooden buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a reinforcing structure in which a connecting member is erected between fixtures surrounding column bases of a wooden building to increase the restraining force of the columns in the horizontal direction and the rotation direction.
In a building including a group of wooden columns arranged in two horizontal directions, a reinforcing structure for a wooden building in which the column bases of the columns are connected to each other and restrained in the horizontal direction is provided. And a plurality of connecting members 32 having both ends rigidly connected to the two fixing members 12 in the vertical direction. And connecting means 30 for connecting the entire column base portion via a fixture so as to constrain the shaking of the column.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a reinforcing structure for a wooden building, preferably a seismic isolation reinforcing structure for a wooden building.

  Conventionally, a building including wooden columns arranged in the front-rear and left-right directions is pulled up, and both ends of two rooting materials in the left-right direction are placed on both front and rear sides of the adjacent columns, and the front-rear direction is placed on both left and right sides of the adjacent columns. A seismic isolation method is known in which both ends of two rooting materials are bolted (Patent Document 1).

  In wooden construction, a connecting bracket is also known in which three square members orthogonal to each other are bolted and crimped to three fixing plates joined at right angles to each other (Patent Document 2).

JP 09-317208 A JP2006-200823A

  In the construction method of Patent Document 1, the binding force is increased by using two unidirectional rooting materials, but since wood softer than metal is bolted, if external force such as seismic force is applied, the wood around the bolt Cannot be resisted by external force. The connection part by the bolt is substantially the same as the pin connection, and the binding force of the column in the rotation direction is particularly insufficient. The same applies to the joint fitting of Patent Document 2 in which a fixing plate is bolted to wood.

  When the restraining force in the rotational direction is insufficient, a load is applied to a floor portion of a building such as a wall. Large wooden buildings such as temples have a small amount of walls and may not be able to withstand the load.

  FIG. 11A depicts a state in which the lower part of the pillar 2 of the existing building rotates around the point O during an earthquake and the relationship between the bending moment M acting on the pillar and the height. Since the column 2 is connected to the through 7 at a right angle, the bending moment M increases as the through 7 approaches. For this reason, the pillars of existing wooden buildings are often damaged near the joints with Nuki.

Therefore, the present applicant came up with the idea of fixing the wooden pillar so as to be held from the surroundings, and first devised a fixing method as shown in FIG. This method, the four fixing plates P of L-shaped when viewed from the vertical direction, assembled so as to project in the longitudinal portion P ₁ of the fixed plate from four sides of the prism to one circumferential, one side T thereof longitudinal portion the short side portion P ₂ of the fixing plate is intended to fasten a joint J, such as bolts. However, with this method, it is difficult to bolt the column so that the column is tightened from the state before assembly ((B) in the same figure).

  A first object of the present invention is to propose a reinforcing structure in which a connecting member is installed between fixtures surrounding a column base of a wooden building to increase the restraining force of the column in the horizontal direction and the rotation direction. It is.

  The second object of the present invention is to propose a reinforcing method in which a fixing tool is divided into a plurality of parts, and the column base is easily fixed without being affected by unevenness in the dimensions of the wooden building.

  The third object of the present invention is to propose a reinforcement method in which the load at the time of an earthquake on the floor portion of a building is reduced by combining the fixture and the seismic isolation device.

The first means is a reinforcing structure for a wooden building that constrains the pillar bases of the pillars in a horizontal direction in a building including a group of wooden pillars arranged along two horizontal directions, and restrains them horizontally.
A fixture 12 including a fitting cylinder C fitted to the peripheral surface of the column base so as to hold the column base 3 on the peripheral surface of the column base 3 and having rigidity higher than wood;
A coupling means 30 for restraining the entire column base using a plurality of coupling members 32 rigidly coupled at both ends in the vertical direction to the two fixtures 12;
The fixture 12 has a vertical mounting plate 22A and a horizontal mounting plate 22B fixed to the fitting cylinder as mounting means 22 with a connecting material, and each of the vertical mounting plate and the horizontal mounting plate is connected to each other. By connecting the materials, it was formed so as to restrain the rotation of the column in the vertical plane direction and the rotation of the column in the horizontal plane direction.

  In this means, as shown in FIG. 2, the fixtures surrounding the column bases of the wooden building are connected by a connecting material. Since the fixture has rigidity higher than that of wood and fixes the entire peripheral surface of the column base portion, the binding force of the column against rotation is increased. Therefore, since the column base and the connecting member can be joined substantially rigidly, the lower part of the building is reinforced and the upper part of the building is not easily broken. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11B shows an operation in the case where a fixture and a connecting means are provided. Since the bending moment due to the earthquake is distributed between the upper part of the column and the lower part of the column, damage to the column base and the column head is greatly reduced as compared with FIG. In the wording of this means, the “horizontal two directions” are not limited to the front / rear / left / right orthogonal directions as described later. The “fixing tool” may have a cylindrical wall for fixing the column base (for example, the fitting cylinder C in FIG. 3 or the casing CA in FIG. 12).

Further, in FIG. 3, a fitting cylinder having a shape corresponding to the plan view shape of the column base is proposed, and a fixing surface formed by the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder wall is pressure-bonded. As a means for crimping, a joint J such as a bolt and a nut is used in the illustrated example, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

The second means includes the first means , and the fixture 12 is divided into a plurality of pressure contact sections 14 at least over the circumferential direction of the fitting cylinder C, and the pressure contact sections 14 are connected to the connecting member 32. Provided so that it can be attached to the end of the
Each of the press contact sections 14 has a base wall 16 formed by dividing the fitting cylinder C into each press contact section, and projects the vertical mounting plate 22A outward from the base wall.
The end of the connecting member 32 is attached to the vertical mounting plate, and the reinforcing wall 20 connected to the base wall and the end surface of the vertical mounting plate is provided, and the horizontal mounting plate 22B is fixed to the auxiliary wall ,
In addition, a joint J capable of adjusting the fastening force is provided between the press contact sections 14 so that the column base 3 can be tightened from the periphery .

This means proposes that the fixture is divided into a plurality of pressure contact sections in the circumferential direction, and the column base is fastened by a joint between the pressure contact sections. As shown in FIG. 3, when the gap g which is a tightening allowance is provided between the pressure contact sections and the gap width is adjusted by the joint, the column can be reliably compressed without being affected by unevenness in the dimensions of the wood. As will be described later, it is preferable to form the connection portion so that the compressive force f _C is applied to the column substantially uniformly in the circumferential direction. Fitting tube may be divided corresponding to the respective sides or the corners of the prismatic as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 8, also may be divided cylinder surrounding the round column as shown in FIG. 9. It is desirable that the means for attaching the connecting member to the pressure contact section has a function of restricting the rotation in the vertical direction and further restricts the rotation in the horizontal direction.

The third means includes the seismic isolation device 50 having the first means or the second means and interposed between the installation surface G and the fixture 12.

  This means proposes a combination of a seismic isolation device and a fixture as shown in FIG. Since the seismic isolation device enables the building to slide in the horizontal direction, and the fixture maintains the vertical state of the column portion of the building during the slide, the synergistic effect of these reduces the bending moment with respect to the column (FIG. 11 ( C)). Accordingly, damage to the structure of the building (including the upper structure) is reduced even when compared with the configuration of FIG.

  According to the invention relating to the first means, since the wooden column base 3 is connected via the fixture 12 having rigidity equal to or higher than that of the wood and surrounding the column base, the restraining force in the rotational direction is improved.

According to the invention relating to the first means, since the fixture 12 presses the fixed surface S, which is the inner peripheral surface of the fitting cylinder C, against the outer peripheral surface of the column base, The fitting force increases.

According to the invention relating to the second means, since the fixture 12 is divided into the plurality of pressure contact sections 14 and fastened by the joint J, the wooden column base can be fixed without being affected by unevenness in size.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the reinforcing effect is enhanced by the connection between the seismic isolation device 50 and the fixture 12.

It is a front view of the reinforcement structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the structure of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the principal part of the structure of FIG. It is a side view of the principal part of FIG. It is a perspective view of the principal part of FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded plan view of a main part of FIG. 3. It is a cross-sectional view of the principal part of the reinforcement structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the principal part of the reinforcement structure which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the principal part of the reinforcement structure which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the principal part of the reinforcement structure which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the change (FIG. B, C) of the pillar in the structure of FIG.1 and FIG.10 with the change (FIG. 15) of the pillar in a prior art. It is a side view of the principal part of the reinforcement structure which concerns on the reference example of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of FIG. The cross-sectional view after the assembly of the modification of this invention and before an assembly is shown. It is the side view which looked at the modification of FIG. 14 from the XV-XV direction.

  1 to 6 and FIG. 11 (B) show a reinforcing structure for a wooden building according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a wooden building, 2 is a pillar (in the illustrated example, a prism), 3 is a column base, 4 is a floor, 5 is a boulder, and 6 is a wall. In the illustrated example of the present embodiment, the column bases 3 are arranged in the form of lattice points in the front-rear and left-right directions shown in FIG. 2, but may be changed according to the structure of the building.

  The reinforcing structure 10 of the present embodiment is formed by the fixture 12 and the connecting means 30. For convenience of explanation, the most preferable form including the seismic isolation device will be described later. These fixtures and connecting means are formed of a material (steel material or the like) having rigidity higher than that of wood.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the fixture 12 has an angular ring shape that surrounds the column base 3, and presses the fixed surface S that is an inner peripheral surface against the column base. The fixture 12 is divided into press contact sections 14 corresponding to the sides of the rectangular column base 3, and a joint J is provided between the press contact sections.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the pressure contact section 14 includes a vertical base wall 16 for pressure contact to a column, a vertical joint wall 18 that expands in a C shape from both ends in the width direction of the base wall, and a base wall and a joint wall. A pair of upper and lower trapezoidal reinforcing walls 20 connected (preferably welded) to each upper end portion and each lower end portion, and mounting means 22 for attaching these base walls and reinforcing walls to a connecting member described later. . The illustrated attachment means 22 includes a vertical attachment plate 22A that mainly restrains rotation in the vertical direction and a pair of upper and lower horizontal attachment plates 22B that mainly restrains rotation in the horizontal direction. The vertical mounting plate 22A is joined (preferably welded) to each intermediate portion in the width direction of the reinforcing wall and the base wall, and the horizontal mounting plate 22B is bolted to the outer surface of each auxiliary wall and protrudes outward. In the pillar on the outer periphery side of the building, as shown in FIG. 2, there is no connecting material to be connected to the press contact section located outside the building. The base wall 16 and the joint wall 18 may be formed by refracting a single steel material. In the preferred illustrated example, the circumferential width of the base wall 16 is slightly smaller than the designed column width w, and the small gap g shown in FIG. Provide as it exists. Thereby, even if shrinkage (so-called wood thinning) occurs in the pillar of an actual building, a sufficient fastening force can be obtained.

The joint wall 18 of each press-contact section passes through the joint hole in a state of being overlapped with a small gap g, and is fastened by a joint J composed of a bolt and a nut. As shown in FIG. 3, component force acting vertically on each side of each column of the fastening force of the joint and acts as a compression force f _C. In the illustrated example, the joint wall 18 and the side surface of the prism have an angle of 45 °, and the compressive force f _C is equalized. By equalizing the compressive force, the reliability of the fixture quality is further improved.

  The base wall 16 of each pressure contact section forms a fitting cylinder C around the column base 3 by fastening each joint wall, and its fixing force can be adjusted by the degree of tightening of the joint. This is to deal with the wood sag and the bad streets of existing wooden buildings. The tube length of the fitting tube C is designed to be long enough to exert a restraining force in the horizontal direction and the rotation direction on the inner peripheral surface (fixed surface) S.

Since the fitting cylinder C is a cylinder that is more rigid than wood and tightens the entire peripheral surface of the column base, compared to the case where the rooting material is fastened to a part of the peripheral surface of the column base by nailing. Exhibits good binding force in the rotation direction. For example, with respect to the external force f _E1 acting in the left direction in FIG. 4 on the column, the binding force f _R1 from the upper half of the left wall portion and the lower half of the right wall portion of the fitting cylinder, and in the right direction in FIG. for the external force f _E2 acting to counter respectively restraining force f _R2 from the right wall portion upper half and the left wall subordinates half of the fitting tube. As a result, the connecting member can be joined substantially rigidly to the column base.

  The vertical mounting plate 22A joins three sides of the base portion of the vertical plate to the reinforcing wall 20 and the base wall 16, and has a mounting hole for a pair of connecting members (one pair in the front and rear in the illustrated example) at the front portion thereof. Therefore, the vertical mounting plate is rigidly joined to the connecting member and strongly resists the vertical rotation shown by the arrow in FIG. The structure of the vertical mounting plate 22A is a suitable example of rigid connection with a connecting material. The position of the vertical mounting plate is slightly shifted from the center in the width direction of the press contact section as shown in FIG. 3 (about half the thickness of the web described later). The number of the vertical mounting plates 22A protruding outward from each press contact section 14 may be appropriately designed according to the strength required between the fixture and the connecting material.

  The pair of horizontal mounting plates 22B preferably have a pair of left and right mounting holes in the base end portion and the tip end portion, and are bolted to the upper and lower pair of auxiliary walls and the upper and lower portions of the connecting member.

  The dimension of the fixing tool 12 is determined so that a sufficient restraining force can be exerted. As a preferred example, in the prototype by the applicant, the length of the trapezoidal base, which is the shape of the pressure contact section in plan view, with the length of the fitting cylinder C being about H = 200 mm for a prism with a side width of w = 160 mm. The height is about L = 250 mm and the height is about h = 100 mm (see FIGS. 4 and 6).

  The connecting means 30 is formed by linking a substantially rod-shaped connecting member 32 that rigidly joins both ends of the fixing member 12 in the front-rear and left-right directions. These connecting members connect the column base portions 3 to each other via a fixture to restrain the entire column base portions in the horizontal direction and the rotation direction, thereby reducing horizontal movement and rotation. The direction of the connecting material 32 follows the arrangement of the pillars of the building. For example, in the case of a multi-tower type building in which the pillars are connected in a circumferential shape, the connecting material can be oriented in the circumferential direction and the radial direction. .

  The connecting member 32 is a horizontal member having bending resistance at least in the vertical direction. This is to prevent the fixture 12 and the column 2 from rotating vertically. The illustrated connecting member 32 is an H-shaped steel in which the vertical mounting plate 22 </ b> A and the vertical web 34 are fastened by a fastening fitting 36, and has the same vertical width as that of the fixture 12. The front portion of the horizontal mounting plate 22B is connected to the left and right portions of the pair of upper and lower flanges 35 of the H-shaped steel. The structure of the connecting material 32 can be changed as appropriate.

  According to the said structure, since the column base parts 3 are connected via the fixing tool 12 and the connection material 32, they are restrained in a horizontal direction. If the column 2 fitted with the fixture 12 is rotated in the left-right direction in FIG. 4, the vertical mounting plate 22A and the connecting member 32 are rotated in the vertical direction as indicated by arrows in FIG. However, since the other end of the connecting member 32 is connected to the adjacent column base, such rotation is impossible. Therefore, a restraining force is exhibited with respect to the rotation direction of the column 2.

  By exerting the restraining force with respect to the rotation direction of the pillar 2, it becomes difficult for the lower part of the pillar to rotate (see FIG. 11B), and the necessity to counter the rotation of the pillar with the wall of the building is reduced. . That is, a reinforcement method with little dependence on the wall amount can be realized. This advantage becomes more apparent in the later-described configuration using the seismic isolation device.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcing structure 10 can be easily obtained by tightening the joints J of the respective pressure contact sections surrounding the column base 3 to assemble the fixture 12, and connecting the end of the connecting member 32 to the vertical mounting plate 22A. Can be built. In addition, when applied to a round column, it is preferable that the column base is scraped while leaving a square-shaped portion inscribed in the outline 2A of the column drawn with an imaginary line, and the fixture 12 is attached to the portion.

  Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described. In these descriptions, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 7 shows a reinforcing structure for a wooden building according to the second embodiment of the present invention. According to this embodiment, the fixture 12 is divided into two pressure contact sections 14. According to this configuration, since the configuration is simple, the reliability as a product is increased.

  FIG. 8 shows a reinforcing structure of a wooden building according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the fixture 12 is divided into four pressure contact sections 14 corresponding to the corners of the prism. Each press-contact section has an angle-shaped base wall 16 corresponding to the corner portion, and projects a joint wall 18 outward from both ends of the base wall. These joint walls are overlapped and fastened by a joint J, and one of the overlapped joint walls is extended outward to form a vertical attachment plate 22A to a connecting member. Reinforcing walls 20 are joined to each base wall 16 and the upper and lower ends of the joint wall connected to the base wall by welding or the like, and both joint portions of the two adjacent auxiliary walls and the connecting member are bolted together.

  FIG. 9 shows a reinforcing structure for a wooden building according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a base wall 16 corresponding to a round column is provided instead of the prism in the fourth embodiment. In the illustrated example, the fixing tool 12 is divided into two in the circumferential direction of the round pillar, but may be divided into four, for example. In the illustrated example, a vertical mounting plate 22A, which is an extension of the joint wall, protrudes from the fitting cylinder C in one of front and rear or left and right directions, and the other vertical mounting plate 22A extends in the other direction. It protrudes.

  10 and 11C show a reinforcing structure for a wooden building according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and this structure includes a seismic isolation device 50. The seismic isolation device includes a sliding support member 56 interposed between a smooth plate 52 installed on the installation surface G and a bundle member 54 fixed to the fixture shown in FIG. The bundle shown in the figure has a top wall for fixing to a fixture, and a lower flange 35 of the connecting material is bolted to four horizontal mounting wall portions 22C extending outward from the top wall. ing. In order to introduce the seismic isolation device, the entire building is lifted, the column base is cut under the fixture, the boulders 5 are removed, the original ground is improved, It is preferable to do. The structure of the seismic isolation device 50 is not limited to the illustrated example.

In the first embodiment described above, when the building 1 is swayed laterally due to an earthquake, a frictional force f _F acts between the column base 3 and the boulders 5 as shown in FIG. Because acting inertial force f _I is the building 1, it is possible that the columns of the building, as shown in FIG. 11 (B) is deformed. In this embodiment, the frictional force between the column base and the smooth plate is small, and the column 3 moves horizontally as shown in FIG. 11C, so the bending moment m generated in the column is small. Therefore, no great reinforcement is required for the upper part of the building.

12 to 13 show a reinforcing structure of a wooden building according to a reference example of the present invention. In this embodiment, the fitting cylinder C of the fifth embodiment is replaced with a bottomed casing CA. The column base is inserted into the casing, and is fixed by pouring an adhesive 40 such as a resin or inserting a packing between the casing CA and the column base 3. From the side surface of the casing CA, a pair of front and rear flange-shaped reinforcing walls 20 and a vertical mounting plate 22A between the two reinforcing walls protrude outward. The reinforcing wall is connected to the flange 35 of the connecting member 32 through the horizontal attaching plate 22B, and the vertical attaching plate 22A is connected to the web 34 of the connecting member. A seismic isolation device 50 is provided between the casing and the installation surface.

14 and 15 show modifications of the present invention. Instead of holding the column base 3 with a single member like the above-described fitting cylinder C and casing CA, an L-shaped 4 is seen from above. Two fixing plates P are attached to the column base 3 so as to be tightened from the periphery. Each upper end of the longitudinal portion P ₁ and a lateral portion P ₂ of the fixing plate, and each reinforcing wall 20 on lower end portions are connected by welding, a horizontal mounting plate 22B from the upper and lower outer surfaces of these reinforcing plates, also fixed respectively protrude vertical mounting plate 22A from the longitudinal portion P ₁ of the outer surface of the plate to the side outwardly.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building 2 ... Column 2A ... Column outline 3 ... Column base 4 ... Floor 5 ... Boulder stone 6 ... Wall 7 ... Through 10 ... Reinforcement structure 12 ... Fixing tool 14 ... Pressure welding section 16 ... Base wall 18 ... Joint wall 20 ... Reinforcement wall
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 22 ... Mounting means 22A ... Vertical mounting plate 22B ... Horizontal mounting plate 22C ... Horizontal mounting wall part 30 ... Connecting means 32 ... Connecting material 34 ... Web 35 ... Flange
36 ... Fastening bracket 40 ... Adhesive 50 ... Seismic isolation device 52 ... Smooth plate 54 ... Bundle material 56 ... Sliding bearing material C ... Fitting cylinder S ... Fixed surface J ... Joint CA ... Casing G ... Installation surface P ... Fixed plate P ₁ ... longitudinal portion P 2 _... lateral portion T ... side f C _... compressive force f I _... inertial force f F _... frictional force g ... gap

Claims (3)

In a building including a group of wooden columns arranged along two horizontal directions, the column bases of the columns are connected to each other and restrained in the horizontal direction.
Includes a fitting cylinder (C) that has a rigidity higher than that of wood and that is fitted to the peripheral surface of the column base so as to hold the column base (3) on the peripheral surface of the column base (3). A fixture (12);
A coupling means (30) for constraining the entire column base using a plurality of coupling members (32) rigidly coupled to the two fixtures (12) at both ends in the vertical direction;
The fixing device (12) has a vertical mounting plate (22A) and a horizontal mounting plate (22B) fixed to the fitting cylinder as mounting means (22) with a connecting member, and these vertical mounting plates And a horizontal mounting plate, each connecting member is connected to each other to restrain the rotation of the column in the vertical plane direction and the rotation of the column in the horizontal plane direction. Reinforced structure. The fixing device (12) is divided into a plurality of pressure contact sections (14) at least over the circumferential direction of the fitting cylinder (C), and these pressure contact sections (14) are attached to the end portions of the connecting material (32). To be able to
Each of the press contact sections (14) has a base wall (16) formed by dividing the fitting tube (C) into each press contact section, and the vertical mounting plate (22A) is outwardly extended from the base wall. With protrusions
Attach the end of the connecting material (32) to this vertical mounting plate, and provide the reinforcing wall (20) connected to the base wall and the end surface of the vertical mounting plate, and fix the horizontal mounting plate (22B) to this auxiliary wall Let
The wooden building according to claim 1, wherein a joint (J) capable of adjusting the fastening force is provided between the press contact sections (14) so that the column base (3) can be tightened from the periphery. Reinforced structure. The reinforcing structure for a wooden building according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a seismic isolation device (50) interposed between the installation surface (G) and the fixture (12).