JP4671437B2 - Underwater water tank - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in an underwater water storage tank that stores water on the ground such as rivers in the sea and supplies the stored water to the ground using the specific gravity difference between seawater and fresh water as necessary. .

  The inventor of the present application changed the idea of the conventional water storage means to secure water resources by using a water storage dam, reservoir, etc. Has developed a new underwater water storage tank that can supply water, and has disclosed this as Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-42265 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-25754.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of the utilization state of the underwater water tank developed by the inventor of the present application, and FIG. 13 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the sea water water tank.
A storage tank main body A that forms an underwater water tank is installed at an appropriate location in the sea S, and is moored by an anchor, an anchor rope, and the like (not shown).
Further, the intake port 1 of the storage tank body A and the intake facility C on the land L are connected by an intake pipe D, and the fresh water W of the river R is stored in the storage tank body A through the intake pipe D.
Further, the water supply facility F on the land L with the water supply port 2 of the storage tank main body A is connected by a water supply pipe E, and the fresh water W in the storage tank main body A uses the specific gravity difference between seawater and fresh water through the water supply pipe E. To the water supply facility F on land L. In the water supply facility, the water supply (fresh water) W is sterilized and purified in accordance with uses such as middle water, tap water, and industrial water, and is pumped to the demand point.

  Referring to FIG. 13, a storage tank main body A that forms the underwater water tank is formed of a large-diameter cylindrical bag body 3 positioned below the sea surface and a small-diameter cylindrical body 4 positioned above the sea surface. A float 5 is disposed and fixed at the upper end of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body 3, and a required buoyancy is applied to the storage tank body A itself.

The small-diameter cylindrical body 4 is formed in a cylindrical body by a corrosion-resistant metal plate or the like, and a water supply port 2 is formed at the lower end portion of the side wall. The large-diameter cylindrical bag 3 is formed into a cylindrical bag by a flexible sheet material such as synthetic resin, and the amount of fresh water W flowing into the bag 4 through the intake pipe D is reduced. Accordingly, the volume in the bag changes flexibly.
12 and 13, L is a land, R is a river, 6 is a non-stretchable cylindrical net body for holding the shape of the bag 3 in a cylindrical shape when fresh water W is stored. It is.

The fresh water W taken in by the water intake facility C is stored in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body 3 through the water intake pipe D and the water intake 1, and the bag body 3 is flexibly changed in its internal volume, thereby storing the fresh water W. It becomes the cylindrical form of the height corresponding to.
Since the outside of the side portion of the bag body 3 is covered with the cylindrical net body 6, the diameter of the bag body 3 does not exceed the inner diameter of the net body 6 and bulge to the outside.

When a predetermined amount of fresh water W is stored, the surface of the fresh water W in the small-diameter cylindrical body 4 rises due to the specific gravity difference between the seawater S and the fresh water W. Therefore, the fresh water W is automatically supplied to the water supply facility F with a head difference h ₁ -h ₄ between the upper surface of the water level of the water supply facility F and the fresh water W.
The water level h ₁ in the small-diameter cylindrical body 4 is h ₁ = 0.05 × h from the balance of pressure (h ₁ × S ₁ + h ₂ × S ₂ = 1.05 × h ₂ × S ₂ ). ₂ × S ₂ / S ₁ becomes, S ₂ / 20S ₁ times by the water level h ₁ of the water depth h ₂ of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body 3 by increasing the natural water of fresh water W is performed. Here, S ₁ is the cross-sectional area of the small-diameter cylindrical body 4, S ₂ is the cross-sectional area of the large-diameter cylindrical bag 3, and 1.05 is the specific gravity of the seawater S.

  The above conventional underwater water tanks are: Since water pressure is applied to the large-diameter cylindrical bag body 3 located in the seawater from inside and outside, the material itself of the bag body 3 does not require a particularly high strength, is relatively easy to construct, and is excellent in economic efficiency. B. Since fresh water can be taken in and supplied using the potential energy of fresh water W, energy saving can be achieved. It has a unique effect such as a small contact area with the atmosphere and a small decrease in the amount of stored water due to evaporation, compared to a storage system using so-called above-ground storage dams, reservoirs or underground storage dams. As a result, the water can be stored more economically, and it has an excellent effect that it can prevent the occurrence of difficult problems such as environmental destruction, relocation of people, and compensation associated therewith.

  However, many problems to be solved still remain in this kind of underwater water tank. Among them, a. The seawater temperature is relatively high and the contact area between the stored water and air is extremely small. . Problems that require considerable equipment to supply power to the location where the storage tank body A is installed, and that it is impossible to install equipment that consumes a large amount of power to prevent water quality degradation. It is left as a point.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-42265 Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-25754

  The present invention relates to the above-mentioned problems in conventional subsea water tanks, i. Since the contact area between water and air is small, the fresh water W during storage is likely to rot and water quality deteriorates. The problem is that it is difficult to apply large equipment for preventing water quality because it is not easy to supply power, and power and fossil energy are not supplied from outside. The main object of the present invention is to provide an underwater water tank that can easily prevent decay of fresh water and deterioration of water quality by utilizing natural energy such as sunlight.

  The invention of claim 1 is a large-diameter cylindrical bag body made of a flexible sheet material that is always located in the sea and whose internal volume changes according to the amount of fresh water that has flowed in through the intake port, A communicating small-diameter cylindrical body, a float disposed above the wall surface of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, and surrounding the outside of the wall surface of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, and maintaining the form of the cylindrical bag body in a cylindrical shape A net body that is disposed on the outer side of the net body so as to face the side wall of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, and during operation, the bag body side wall is pressed and deformed inward through the pressing body to increase the volume in the bag body. A cylinder to be reduced, a pressurized fluid supply device that is disposed on the float and supplies an operating fluid to the cylinder, and a solar cell facility or a windmill type rotary drive device or water for supplying driving energy of the pressurized fluid supply device A vehicle-type rotary drive device, and a control valve for controlling supply and discharge of fluid for cylinder operation The cylinder rod is advanced by supplying the working fluid, the internal volume of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body is reduced, the water level in the small-diameter cylindrical body is raised, and the cylinder rod is moved backward by discharging the working fluid. The basic configuration of the invention is to form a flow of water from the small-diameter cylindrical body into the large-diameter cylindrical bag body by restoring the volume of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, in the seawater storage tank of the first aspect, a flexible air diffuser is disposed in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, and the pressurized fluid is supplied from the pressurized fluid supply device. The basic configuration of the present invention is that air is discharged into water.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the submerged water tank according to the first or second aspect, wherein a windmill or a water wheel is provided on the float and a stirring blade that is rotationally driven by the windmill or the water wheel is provided in an upper portion of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body. The basic configuration of the present invention is the configuration provided in the above.

  The invention of claim 4 is the invention of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, wherein a plurality of cylinders are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body. The circular arrangement of the cylinders is provided in a plurality of stages in the height direction of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body.

  The invention of claim 5 is the invention of claim 2 or claim 3, wherein a plurality of flexible diffuser tubes are provided in the height direction of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body. is there.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first, second, or fourth aspect of the present invention, the supply of the working fluid to the plurality of cylinders and the discharge of the working fluid are performed according to a predetermined desired program. The water flow in the radial direction and the axial direction is formed in the cylindrical bag.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the side wall of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body is partially pushed inward by the cylinder to reduce the internal volume of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, so that the internal stored water W is supplied to the small-diameter cylindrical body. The water level in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body is increased in the radial direction and in the vertical direction by discharging the working fluid in the cylinder and abruptly lowering the pushed-up stored water W. It is made to flow in the axial direction.
As a result, it is possible to efficiently flow the water in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body with the energy obtained by solar cells, windmills, water turbines using tidal currents, etc. without requiring large driving energy. It is possible to effectively prevent inconveniences (that is, deterioration of water quality and decay of water) due to a reduction in the contact area between water and air, which arises from the need to reduce the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical body.

  In addition, the energy required for carrying out the present invention is within a range that can be adequately covered by solar cells, wind turbines, water turbines using tidal currents, etc., and special power supply for preventing deterioration of water quality There is no need to install any equipment.

  In the invention of claim 2 of the present application, in addition to the forced flow of the stored water by the cylinder, the aeration is performed by ejecting the air from the air diffuser, so that the water quality deterioration of the stored water can be prevented more efficiently. In addition, the energy required for aeration can be easily covered by solar cells.

  In the invention of claim 3 of the present application, in addition to the forced flow and aeration of the stored water by the cylinder, the stored water W is forcibly stirred by the stirring blades, and the stirring blades are driven by the energy of the windmill or the water turbine. . As a result, the water quality deterioration of the stored water W can be prevented more reliably, and the effective utilization rate of natural energy can be further increased.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partially broken front view showing a basic structure of a storage tank body A of an underwater water tank used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view thereof. 1 and 2, 1 is a water intake port, 2 is a water supply port, 3 is a large-diameter cylindrical bag body, 4 is a small-diameter cylindrical body, 5 is a float, 6 is a cylindrical net body, 7 is a band body, 8 Is a spacer, 9 is a net body support frame, and 10 is a connecting end plate.
1 to 11, the same reference numerals are used for the same portions as those in FIGS. 12 and 13.

It said smaller cylindrical body 4 is formed by corrosion-resistant steel steel such as stainless steel, 1000 high stainless steel having a thickness of 2.0mm in the present embodiment ^mm × diameter 400 ^mm diameter cylindrical body 4 cylindrical in Is forming.
The large-diameter cylindrical bag body 3 is formed into a cylindrical large-diameter cylindrical body 3 having a height of 2000 ^{mm and a} diameter of 2000 ^mm using a sheet of nylon tarpaulin (manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) having a thickness of 2 ^mm. When the amount of stored water is the rated capacity, the cylindrical body as shown in FIG. 1 extends.
The form and outer dimensions of the storage tank main body 1 are appropriately selected according to the maximum storage amount, and the shape is preferably cylindrical.

The cylindrical net body 6 is disposed so as to cover the bottom surface and side outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body 3, and is a net body obtained by combining stainless steel having an outer diameter of 3 mmφ in a lattice shape at a pitch of 100 mm. Is used.
In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the bag body 3 is supported by the net body 6 as will be described later. However, as will be described later, the inner wall surface of the bag body 3 is forced inward to forcibly circulate the stored water. Of course, when not deformed, the portion of the net body 6 that supports the bottom surface of the bag body 3 is not necessary.

[Embodiment 1]
In the first embodiment, the stored water W in the storage tank main body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is forcibly agitated and flowed by the operation of a cylinder to be described later, so that the stored water W is spoiled and the water quality is reduced. It is intended to prevent.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, a part of the side wall 3a of the large-diameter cylindrical bag 3 is pressed inward by a predetermined amount by the pressing body 12a fixed to the tip of the rod 12b of the cylinder 12, so that the bag The internal volume of 3 is forcibly reduced, and a part of the internal stored water W is pushed up into the small-diameter cylindrical body 4. After that, the pressing force in the cylinder 12 is lost, the bag body 3 is inflated to the initial position, and the inner volume is returned to the initial volume, so that the water level in the small-diameter cylindrical body 4 is drastically lowered. The stored water W in the bag body 3 is forcibly flowed in the radial direction and the vertical axis direction of the bag body 3 using the potential energy.

4 to 6, the cylinder 12 is fixed to a ring-shaped cylinder support band 11 fitted to the outside of the side wall 3 a of the bag 3, and the cylinder support band 11 is a net. It is fixed to the body support frame 9.
Further, a pressing body 12a is fixed to the tip of the rod 12b of the cylinder 12, and the pressing body 12a presses the bag side wall 3a inward by the operation of the cylinder 12 to reduce its internal volume.
In FIG. 6, 6 is a net body (100 ^mm × 100 ^m × 3φ stainless steel wire), 9 is a net body support frame (10φ stainless steel), 11 is a cylinder support band (2 mmt × 12 mm stainless steel), 13 Is a working fluid supply / drain pipe.

  The annular cylinder support band 11 is fitted and fixed at a substantially central position in the height direction of the bag 3. In this embodiment, four cylinders 12 are fixed to the cylinder support band 11 at equal intervals. Yes.

Needless to say, the number of stages of the cylinder support bands 11 arranged is increased or the number of cylinders 12 fixed to the support bands 11 is increased or decreased according to the internal volume of the bag body 3 or the like.
The plurality of cylinders 12 may be operated simultaneously or sequentially in accordance with a predetermined program, and the operating speed of the cylinder rod 12b is of course adjusted as appropriate. It is set so that the water W is forced to flow smoothly in the radial direction and the vertical axis direction.

In the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the four cylinders 12 are operated at the same time, so that the inner volume of the bag 3 is about 0.1 to 0.15 m ³ (of the bag 3 The change of the internal volume of about 6.5 m ³ ) is applied at a rate of 10 to 11 times / h.

The working fluid to each cylinder 12 is supplied from a pressurized fluid supply device 14 disposed on the upper surface of the float 5 of the storage tank body 1 as shown in FIG. A compressor is used as 14. The compressor 14 is driven to rotate by a motor 15, and power is supplied to the motor 15 from a solar cell device 16 disposed on the float 5.
Incidentally, the compressor 14, the motor 15, operation control such as the control valves V ₀ ~V ₂ to the solar cell 16 and described later, is performed via the control device 17.

FIG. 7 shows the operation system of the cylinder 12, a control valve V ₁ open, the cylinders 12 are simultaneously actuated by a control valve V ₂ to the closed, also the control valve V ₁ is closed, by switching the control valve V ₂ is opened, working fluid is discharged to the atmosphere. As a result, the inner volume of the bag body 3 returns to the initial state as described above, and the water level in the small-diameter cylindrical body 4 suddenly drops, whereby a shocking motion applied to the stored water W in the bag body 3. Due to the energy, the stored water W flows irregularly in the radial direction and the axial direction of the bag body 3.

[Test results]
By changing the internal volume (0.1 to 0.15 m ³ ) of the bag 3 by the operation of the cylinder 12, the water level of the small diameter cylindrical body 4 is raised by about 800 to 1000 mm in 3 to 5 minutes, and the small diameter cylindrical body The opening degree of the supply control valve V ₂ was adjusted so that the water level that rose in 4 returned to the initial water level in 50 to 60 seconds.
And the water level fluctuation | variation on the said conditions was continuously performed for 30 days at the rate of 10 times / 1hr.
Then, the COD value analysis of the stored water was performed and compared with the case where this invention is not implemented.

Table 1 shows the test results. According to the first embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that the BOD value is not deteriorated, the odor is generated, the transparency is not lowered, and the like.
[Test results]

[Embodiment 2]
FIGS. 8 and 9 show Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In Embodiment 3, an air diffuser 18 is provided at a position below the central portion of the bag 3 in the vertical direction, and air from the compressor 14 is supplied. In this configuration, the water is supplied from the nozzle of the air diffuser 18 into the stored water W.

  In this embodiment, a flexible pipe made of vinyl chloride is used as the air diffuser 18 and is arranged in a cross shape inside the bag body 3, and each end thereof is fixed to the inner wall surface of the bag body side wall 3 a. is doing.

In FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, 19 is the air supply pipe, the required amount of air is continuously supplied through the control valve V ₁ from the compressor 14.
In addition, as in the case of the first embodiment, the compressor 14, the drive motor 15, the solar cell 16, the control device 17, and the like are disposed on the upper part of the float 5, and the electric power necessary for the operation of the compressor 14 is provided. Supplied from the solar cell 16.
Furthermore, in FIG.8 and FIG.9, although the one air diffusing tube 18 is arrange | positioned in the bag body 3, this may be provided in the bag body 3 over several steps. Of course.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the electric power of the solar cell 16 is used as the driving energy of the compressor 14, but instead of the solar cell, a water turbine that is rotationally driven by a tidal current is disposed on the float 5 and rotated. The compressor 14 may be rotationally driven using force.
Further, instead of the solar cell, it is also possible to install a wind power generator on the float 5 and rotate the compressor 14 by the generated power.
Furthermore, it is also possible to provide a windmill on the float 5 and rotationally drive the compressor 14 using the rotational force of the windmill.

[Embodiment 3]
10 and 11 show a third embodiment of the present invention, in which a windmill 20 is installed on the float 5 of the storage tank body 1 and stirring in the bag body 3 is performed using the rotational force of the windmill 20. The blade 21 is rotationally driven to forcibly circulate the stored water W containing a relatively large amount of air near the small-diameter cylindrical body 4.
It is desirable that the stirring blade 21 be provided as close as possible to the upper part of the bag 3 and as close to the axis of the small-diameter cylindrical body 4 as possible.

  The present invention can be widely applied not only to fresh water storage but also to industrial fields such as the marine leisure industry, aquaculture and fishery, and a fresh water supply base.

It is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the storage tank main body A which comprises the principal part of the underwater water tank which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 1. It is a partial enlarged front view of a cylindrical net body. It is a front schematic diagram of the storage tank main body 1 of the underwater water tank used by this invention. It is a top view of the storage tank main body 1 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 5. It is explanatory drawing of the drive system of a cylinder. It is a front schematic diagram of the storage tank main body of the underwater water tank which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a top view of FIG. It is a front schematic diagram of the storage tank main body 1 of the underwater water tank which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a top view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the installation condition of a conventional underwater water tank. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the conventional underwater water tank.

Explanation of symbols

A Storage tank body S Sea (seawater)
L Land C Water intake equipment D Water intake pipe E Water supply pipe V Control valve F Water supply equipment W Fresh water R River G Operating fluid 1 Water intake 2 Water supply inlet 3 Large diameter cylindrical bag 3a Bag side wall 4 Small diameter cylindrical 5 Float 6 Net body 7 Band body 8 Spacer 9 Net body support frame 10 End plate 11 for connection Cylinder support band 12 Cylinder 12a Press body 12b Cylinder rod 13 Fluid supply / exhaust pipe for operation

Claims (6)

  A large-diameter cylindrical bag body made of a flexible sheet material that is always located in the sea and whose internal volume changes according to the amount of fresh water that has flowed in through the intake port, and a small-diameter cylindrical body that communicates with the large-diameter cylindrical bag body A float disposed above the wall surface of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, a net body that surrounds the outside of the wall surface of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, and maintains the form of the cylindrical bag body, and the net A cylinder that is disposed on the outer side of the body so as to face the side wall of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, presses and deforms the side wall of the bag body inward through the pressing body during operation, and reduces the volume of the bag body; A pressurized fluid supply device for supplying an operating fluid to the cylinder, a solar cell facility for supplying driving energy of the pressurized fluid supply device, a windmill type rotary drive device or a water wheel type rotary drive device, and a cylinder A control valve for controlling supply and discharge of the working fluid, and the working fluid The cylinder rod is advanced by supply, and the water volume in the small-diameter cylindrical body is raised by reducing the internal volume of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body. An underwater water storage tank characterized in that a flow of water is formed from a small-diameter cylindrical body into a large-diameter cylindrical bag body by restoring the volume in the bag.   2. The seawater storage tank according to claim 1, wherein a flexible aeration tube is disposed in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, and the pressurized fluid is discharged from the pressurized fluid supply device into the water. Underwater water tank. The underwater water storage tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a windmill or a water wheel is provided on the float and a stirring blade that is rotationally driven by the windmill or the water wheel is provided in an upper portion of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body. Tank.   A plurality of cylinders are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body, and an annular arrangement of the plurality of cylinders is provided in a plurality of stages in the height direction of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body. The underwater water tank according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3.   The underwater water tank according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of flexible diffuser tubes are provided in the height direction of the large-diameter cylindrical bag body in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body.   Supplying the working fluid to a plurality of cylinders and discharging the working fluid according to a predetermined desired program, and forming a radial and axial flow of water in the large-diameter cylindrical bag body The underwater water tank according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3.

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