JP4598152B1 - Hazardous substance cleaning device and hazardous substance cleaning method - Google Patents

Abstract

To remove harmful substances remaining in a container.
A cleaning main body 1 for cleaning the inside of a cylindrical container 10 to which harmful substances are attached is provided. The cleaning main body 1 is provided above a tank 2 that stores an absorbent 7 that absorbs harmful substances, and an absorbent 7 that is stored in the tank 2. Is disposed in the container 10 disposed in the disposition part 3 and the jetting means 4 for blowing superheated steam on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a harmful substance cleaning apparatus and a hazardous substance cleaning method capable of washing away harmful substances remaining in a container.

  Some transformers such as old pole transformers use mineral oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl (hereinafter referred to as PCB) as insulating oil. Since PCB is highly toxic to living bodies and affects the human body, a transformer in which PCB is used needs to be disposed of by an appropriate method.

  As an apparatus capable of processing a PCB, there is one described in Patent Document 1 (see paragraph [0042] of Patent Document 1). This apparatus includes a sealed container that contains organic waste (waste containing PCB) inside, and a jetting means that jets high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the sealed container to carbonize this waste. Yes.

International Publication No. 2006/126273 Pamphlet

The method of disposing of a transformer in which mineral oil containing PCB is used as insulating oil is to open the lid of the transformer, extract the mineral oil from the transformer container, and decompose the PCB of this mineral oil with the apparatus described in Patent Document 1. Is done. Thereby, PCB density | concentration can be reduced. However, there are many cases where PCB (mineral oil containing PCB) still remains in the transformer container.
In this way, the transformer container in which PCB remains is difficult to dismantle and recycle, and is stored in a strictly controlled state without being discarded for over several decades. There was a need.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hazardous substance cleaning apparatus and a hazardous substance cleaning method that can remove harmful substances remaining in a container.

The present invention relates to a hazardous substance cleaning apparatus for cleaning the inside of a container to which polychlorinated biphenyl is adhered, the tank accommodating an absorbent that absorbs the polychlorinated biphenyl , and the absorbent material accommodated in the tank. An arrangement portion provided above and arranged in a state where the container is opened downward, and allows a fluid to pass from top to bottom, and an inner peripheral surface of the container to be inserted into the container arranged in the arrangement portion And a jetting means for spraying superheated steam , wherein the superheated steam is generated by further heating the steam generated by the boiler by the heat generated by the fullerene that is energized .

According to the present invention, in a state of inserting the ejection means into the container, which is arranged in the arrangement portion, by blowing superheated steam to the inner peripheral surface of the container by the jetting means, poly attached to the container chloride Biphenyl can be washed away. Then, the washed polychlorinated biphenyl passes through the placement portion and is absorbed by the absorbent material in the tank below the placement portion. Thus, even if polychlorinated biphenyl remains in the container, the polychlorinated biphenyl can be removed from the container.
Further, since the superheated steam is blown onto the inner peripheral surface of the container, the inner peripheral surface of the container is quickly dried after cleaning, and the amount of water absorbed by the absorbent can be reduced. Therefore, a large amount of polychlorinated biphenyl can be absorbed by the absorbent material.
Also, the polychlorinated biphenyl can be easily treated by absorbing the polychlorinated biphenyl into the absorbent material, taking out the absorbent material from the tank, and placing it in another processing device that reduces the concentration of the polychlorinated biphenyl , for example (for example, Concentration can be reduced).

Further, since the superheated steam is generated by further heating the steam generated in the boiler by the heat generated by the fullerene that is energized , if this superheated steam is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the container, it will adhere to the container. The polychlorinated biphenyl can be decomposed by heating more effectively. That is, as a result of earnest research, the inventor of the present application is able to decompose the polychlorinated biphenyl more effectively by giving the polychlorinated biphenyl heated superheated steam generated by the heat generated by the energized fullerene. This configuration has been obtained based on this knowledge.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the harmful substance cleaning apparatus includes a rotating unit that relatively rotates the ejection unit and the container around a center line in the vertical direction. In this case, the inner peripheral surface of the container can be effectively cleaned over the entire circumference with a small amount of superheated steam.

The jetting means includes a head part in which a jet outlet for jetting the superheated steam is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the container, a pipe part for supplying the superheated steam to the head part, It is preferable to have a rotation attachment part that attaches the head part to the pipe part so as to be rotatable around a direction center line.
In this case, the head part of the ejection means rotates around the center line in the vertical direction with respect to the container, and the inner part of the container is effectively spread over the entire circumference with a smaller amount of superheated steam by rotating the head part. Can be washed.

And the said piping part of the said ejection means has the double pipe structure which has the inner pipe | tube of the radial inside provided in the up-down direction so that it can expand-contract in the up-down direction, and the outer pipe | tube of a radial direction outer side. It is preferable to have it.
In this case, the piping part expands and contracts in the vertical direction, so that the head part in which the spout is formed can be moved up and down, and the vertical part of the inner peripheral surface of the container is raised and lowered without increasing the overall height of the piping part. Superheated steam can be sprayed over a wide range of directions.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a single jet outlet is formed in the head portion of the jetting means. In this case, compared with the case where many jet nozzles are provided, the jet pressure of superheated steam at the jet nozzle can be increased, and superheated steam with a high flow velocity can be sprayed onto the inner peripheral surface of the container. As a result, the inner peripheral surface of the container can be more effectively cleaned.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said absorption material is a piece of wood or sawdust which can absorb a fluid, and in this case, a harmful substance can be made to absorb into an absorption material.

Further, the present invention is a hazardous substance cleaning method for cleaning the inside of a cylindrical container to which polychlorinated biphenyl is adhered, wherein the container is disposed with the container opened downward, and steam generated by the boiler is further , the heat generation of the energizing fullerene, heated to produce superheated steam, spraying the superheated steam to the inner peripheral surface of the container, absorption the polychlorinated biphenyls flowing down from the container is provided below of the container It is characterized by being absorbed by the material.
According to the present invention, the polychlorinated biphenyl adhering to the container can be washed away. The washed-off polychlorinated biphenyl is absorbed by the absorbent material provided under the polychlorinated biphenyl . Thus, even if polychlorinated biphenyl remains in the container, the polychlorinated biphenyl can be removed from the container.
Further, since the superheated steam is blown onto the inner peripheral surface of the container, the inner peripheral surface of the container is quickly dried after cleaning, and the amount of water absorbed by the absorbent can be reduced. Therefore, a large amount of polychlorinated biphenyl can be absorbed by the absorbent material.
Furthermore, the polychlorinated biphenyls is absorbed into the absorbent material, by introducing the absorbent material to the processing apparatus for reducing the concentration of, for example, polychlorinated biphenyls, can be processed easily polychlorinated biphenyls.

According to the present invention, even if polychlorinated biphenyl remains in the container, the polychlorinated biphenyl can be removed from the container. For example, conventionally, polychlorinated biphenyl remains on the inner peripheral surface of the container. As a result, it has been difficult to disassemble and recycle the container, but the polychlorinated biphenyl can be removed cleanly to allow the container to be disassembled and recycled.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment of the harmful substance cleaning apparatus of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the A arrow view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the ejection means in the state before a washing process, and its periphery. It is explanatory drawing which shows the ejection means in the state in the process of washing | cleaning, and its periphery. It is the schematic which shows the structure of a processing apparatus.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the hazardous substance cleaning apparatus of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow A in FIG. The harmful substance cleaning apparatus of the present invention includes a cleaning main body 1 for cleaning the inside of a cylindrical container 10 to which an organic harmful substance is attached, and a heating device 36 (see FIG. 2).
In the present embodiment, the case where the cleaning main body 1 is provided in the box-shaped luggage compartment 31 of the towed vehicle 32 having the sealed box-shaped luggage compartment 31 will be described. That is, the cargo chamber 31 is a processing chamber for cleaning the container 10. The towed vehicle 32 is provided with doors 33 on both the left and right sides of the cargo room 31 and is a wing vehicle that opens and closes the room by rotating the doors 33 up and down.

  The container 10 to be cleaned is, for example, a transformer container such as an old pole transformer, and this transformer is one in which mineral oil containing PCB is used as insulating oil. Such a method of dismantling the transformer is performed by opening the lid of the transformer, extracting the mineral oil containing PCB from the transformer container 10, and treating the PCB contained in the mineral oil by, for example, the processing apparatus 11 shown in FIG. This is done by disassembling. Thereby, PCB density | concentration can be reduced. The processing device 11 will be described later.

However, in many cases, PCB (mineral oil containing PCB) still remains in the container 10. Therefore, the PCB remaining on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 is cleaned by the cleaning main body 1.
Further, in the present embodiment, the container 10 is a bottomed cylindrical structure having a cylindrical portion and a bottom portion, and is disposed in the luggage compartment 31 in a state in which the bottom portion is directed upward, that is, in a state opened downward. Is done.

The cleaning main body 1 includes a tank 2 that accommodates an absorbent material 7 that absorbs PCB, a placement portion 3 that can place a plurality of containers 10, and a plurality of jets that spray superheated steam into the container 10 that is placed in the placement portion 3. And means 4.
The tank 2 is composed of a lower portion of the cargo compartment 31 and accumulates the absorbent 7 from the bottom of the cargo compartment 31 to a predetermined height h. The absorbent material 7 is sawdust or wood chips that can absorb liquid, and the absorbent material 7 can absorb PCB. The absorbent 7 that has absorbed the PCB can be discharged to the outside by opening the door 33 (see FIG. 2), and a new absorbent 7 can be introduced.

  The arrangement part 3 is provided above the absorbent 7 accommodated in the tank 2 and arranges the container 10 in an opened state. That is, a plurality of pillars 34 (see FIG. 1) are provided from the floor of the luggage compartment 31, a beam 35a is provided between the pillars 34, and a girder 35b is provided thereon, thereby forming a grid-like (cross-girder-shaped) arrangement portion 3. To do. By arranging the arrangement portion 3 in a lattice shape, a plurality of openings 5 penetrating in the vertical direction are formed in the arrangement portion 3 (see FIG. 2), and the PCB (water containing PCB) is moved from the top to the bottom. And let it pass. Further, as will be described later, the jetting means 4 that moves up and down can pass through the opening 5, and further, containers 10 of various sizes can be placed on the placement unit 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ejection means 4 can be inserted into the container 10 disposed in the placement portion 3 and spray superheated steam on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10.
For this purpose, the cleaning main body 1 has a connection part 37 connected to the heating device 36. The heating device 36 includes a tank 38 for storing water, a boiler 36 a, and a superheated steam generator 36 b, and generates superheated steam from the water in the tank 38. The heating device 36 has a pump 39, and the generated superheated steam is supplied to the connection portion 37 by the pump 39.
And the superheated steam supplied to the connection part 37 is sent to the ejection means 4, and is further ejected from the ejection means 4, and the internal peripheral surface of the container 10 is wash | cleaned by this overheated steam.

The superheated steam used for the cleaning is generated by heating water or saturated steam by a heater that generates heat by energizing fullerene. For this purpose, the heating device 36 includes the boiler 36a that generates steam (saturated steam), and the superheated steam generator 36b that further heats the steam generated by the boiler 36a to generate superheated steam. .
The heater included in the superheated steam generator 36b has a configuration in which a plurality of rows of laminated bodies in which fullerene layers are formed on the surface of a plate-like support made of ceramics are arranged with a predetermined gap.
The fullerene constituting the fullerene includes C ₆₀ fullerene, C ₇₀ fullerene and the like. The fullerene layer is bonded by, for example, baking onto a support in a state of being hardened with a binder.
In this heater, the support that supports the fullerene layer is made of ceramic having excellent heat resistance, and thus has excellent durability against heat. However, as a support body, it can replace with the thing made from a ceramic, and the thing made from stainless steel (for example, SUS304) excellent in corrosion resistance etc. can also be used.
The fullerene layer of the heater included in the superheated steam generator 36b generates heat when energized. The water vapor introduced into the superheated water vapor generation unit 36b passes through the fullerene layer and is heated to, for example, 350 to 1200 ° C. to generate oxygen-free superheated water vapor. And this superheated water vapor | steam is introduce | transduced into the said ejection means 4 through piping.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the washing | cleaning main-body part 1 is equipped with the rotation means to relatively rotate the ejection means 4 and the container 10 around the centerline of an up-down direction. The rotating means can be, for example, a turntable provided in the placement unit 3, and in this case, the container 10 is placed on the turntable. Then, the turntable on which the container 10 is placed is rotated around the ejection means 4 by the rotation of the motor, and at this time, superheated steam may be ejected from the ejection means.

When the turntable is used, the container 10 is rotated with respect to the ejection unit 4, but the components on the ejection unit 4 side may be rotated.
The ejection means 4 provided with the structure for this is demonstrated.
A plurality of the ejection means 4 are arranged in the cargo room (processing chamber) 31. In FIG. 2, the ejection means 4 includes a head portion 21 that ejects superheated steam, a pipe portion 22 that is long in the vertical direction for supplying superheated steam to the head portion 21, and the head portion 21 at the top of the pipe portion 22. It has the rotation attachment part 23 which is attaching.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the ejection means 4 and its surroundings before the cleaning process (after the cleaning process), and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state during the cleaning process.
In FIG. 4, the head portion 21 has a jet outlet 24 that jets superheated steam to the inner peripheral surface of the container 10. The jet outlet 24 opens in a direction in which heated steam is jetted obliquely upward.
The rotation attachment portion 23 attaches the head portion 21 to the piping portion 22 so that the head portion 21 can rotate about the center line in the vertical direction and cannot move in the axial direction. Thereby, the jet nozzle 24 of the head part 21 can be rotated around the center line in the vertical direction.

  The head unit 21 can eject superheated steam while rotating. The structure is the same as that of a sprinkler. For example, the ejection means 4 has an arm (not shown), and a part of the supplied superheated steam is discharged, and the discharged superheated steam is applied to the arm. Further, it is possible to adopt an impact type in which the head portion 21 is rotated using a reaction force generated in the arm. In addition, the structure which rotates the head part 21 may be other than such an impact type. Moreover, the structure which rotates the head part 21 using drive sources, such as a motor, may be sufficient. The structure having an arm, a motor, and the like and the rotation mounting portion 23 constitute the rotation means.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the piping part 22 is configured to be extendable in the vertical direction. For this reason, the piping part 22 is a double-pipe structure which has the inner pipe | tube 25 of the radial inside provided in the up-down direction so that relative movement is possible, and the outer pipe | tube 26 of a radial direction outer side.
The outer tube 26 is in a state where the portion other than the upper portion is embedded in the absorbent 7, and the head portion 21 is attached to the upper end portion of the inner tube 25. In the present embodiment, the outer tube 26 is fixed in the cargo room (processing chamber) 31, and the inner tube 25 is configured to be movable up and down with respect to the outer tube 26.

  Although the internal pressure of the superheated steam supplied to the piping part 22 may be used as a force for vertically expanding and contracting the piping part 22, in this embodiment, the inner pipe 25 is moved up and down using a driving source such as the fluid cylinder 15. It is the structure to make. The fluid cylinder 15 can be a hydraulic (or hydraulic) cylinder. Although not shown, the cleaning main body has a fluid pressure unit including a pump for discharging the working fluid and various valves, and a control device for controlling the operation of this unit. The fluid pressure unit can be operated and the fluid cylinder 15 can be expanded and contracted by the function of the control device.

That is, from the state in which the piping portion 22 in FIG. 3 is shortened, the fluid pressure unit supplies the working fluid to the first port 41, whereby the fluid cylinder 15 is extended and the inner cylinder 25 is pushed up, The cylinder 25 rises (see FIG. 4). In the raised state shown in FIG. 4, the jet port 24 of the head portion 21 is in a state of facing the inner peripheral surface of the container 10.
4 is supplied to the second port 42 and discharged from the first port 41, the fluid cylinder 15 is shortened, and the inner cylinder 25 Descends (see FIG. 3). In the lowered state shown in FIG. 3, the head portion 21 exists at a position lower than the upper surface of the placement portion 3.
A predetermined program is set in the control device, and the control device controls the fluid pressure unit to cause the head unit 21 to execute a predetermined vertical motion.

  In FIG. 2, the connecting portion 37 to which the heating device 36 is connected is provided with a switching valve having an inlet port connected to the heating device 36 and a plurality of outlet ports. Each outlet port is connected to a pipe portion 22 of each ejection means 4 via a pipe. In the switching valve, the superheated steam can be supplied to the jetting means 4 by opening the outlet port connected to the jetting means 4 for supplying the superheated steam. That is, the ejection means 4 to be used can be selected, and the plurality of ejection means 4 can be simultaneously selected (enabled) by opening the plurality of outlet ports.

The control device controls the fluid pressure unit, the expansion / contraction cylinder 15 extends, and superheated steam is supplied from the heating device 36 to the ejection means 4 via the connection portion 37. Then, the ejection means 4 (head part 21) is inserted into the container 10 arranged in the arrangement part 3, and superheated steam can be sprayed from the head part 21 of the ejection means 4 to the inner peripheral surface of the container 10. . Thereby, the harmful substance adhering in the container 10 can be washed away.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, since superheated steam is used, after spraying superheated steam on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 and cleaning it, the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 quickly becomes dry.

  Then, the washed away harmful substance passes through the opening 5 of the arrangement portion 3 and is absorbed by the underlying absorbent material 7. In this manner, even if organic harmful substances remain in the container 10, the harmful substances can be removed from the container 10. In this embodiment, since the harmful substance is polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), the PCB remaining in the container 10 can be washed away, and the PCB can be absorbed by the absorbent material 7. The absorbent 7 that has absorbed the PCB is put into a processing device 11 (see FIG. 5) described later, and the PCB is processed.

Moreover, since the jet nozzle 24 of the head part 21 can rotate around the centerline of an up-down direction, the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 can be wash | cleaned over a perimeter. Furthermore, since the piping part 22 has a double-pipe structure and expands and contracts in the vertical direction, the head part 21 can move up and down, and the superheated steam is heated in a wide range in the vertical direction with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the container 10. It is also possible to spray.
When superheated water vapor is ejected from the rotating ejection port 24 while moving the head portion 21 in the vertical direction, the ejection port 24 can also move along a spiral trajectory. Superheated steam is ejected from the outlet 24, and the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 can be washed in a wide range.

  Moreover, although the several jet nozzle 24 may be formed in the head part 21, the single jet nozzle 24 is formed in the head part 21 in this embodiment. For this reason, compared with the case where many jet nozzles are provided, the jet pressure of the superheated steam in the jet nozzle 24 can be made high, and the superheated steam with a high flow velocity can be sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10. . Thereby, it becomes possible to wash | clean the internal peripheral surface of the container 10 effectively.

  According to the hazardous substance cleaning apparatus configured as described above, the cylindrical container 10 to which the PCB is attached is disposed in an open state, and superheated steam is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 to The PCB flowing down from 10 can be absorbed by the absorbent 7 provided under the container 10 together with the water liquefied from the superheated steam.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a drain portion 6 that discharges fluid is further provided at the bottom of the loading chamber (processing chamber) 31, that is, the bottom of the tank 2 that houses the absorbent 7. The object discharged from the drain portion 6 is water that has been washed inside the container 10 with superheated steam, passed through the placement portion 3 and the absorbent material 7, and reached the bottom of the tank 2. This water contains PCB.
The drain part 6 is formed on the floor of a cargo room (processing chamber) 31 and has a hole 28 that penetrates the inside and outside of the cargo room 31 and an opening / closing valve 29. The liquid that has been cleaned inside the container 10 and has passed through the placement unit 3 and the absorbent 7 can be collected at the bottom of the tank 10 and discharged from the drain unit 6 to the outside.

  And the liquid discharged | emitted from the drain part 6 can be reused. That is, the fluid discharged from the drain part 6 is water liquefied from superheated steam, but this water is in a high temperature state. Therefore, this high-temperature water can be reused in the processing apparatus 11 (see FIG. 5) provided separately from the cleaning main body 1.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the processing apparatus 11. As described above, the processing apparatus 11 is an apparatus in which the absorbent material 7 that has absorbed the PCB is input and the PCB is processed (the concentration is reduced). And the fluid (water liquefied from superheated water vapor | steam) discharged | emitted from the drain part 6 can be thrown into the boiler 12 with which the processing apparatus 11 is equipped, and can be reused.

The processing apparatus 11 processes the boiler 12 which produces | generates water vapor | steam, the superheated steam production | generation part 13 which further superheats the water vapor | steam from the boiler 12, and produces | generates superheated steam, and the absorber 7 (waste) in which PCB was absorbed. And a processing unit 14 including a sealed container 17. The generated superheated steam passes through the superheated steam transport channel 15 and is ejected from the ejection part 16 into the sealed container 17.
A rotating winged stirring member 18 is provided in the sealed container 17, and the PCB can be decomposed while stirring the absorbent 7 that has absorbed the PCB.
Note that the superheated steam used in the processing apparatus 11 is also generated by heating the water or saturated steam with a heater that generates heat when the fullerene is energized. That is, the heater included in the superheated steam generation unit 13 has a configuration in which a plurality of rows of laminated bodies in which fullerene layers are formed on the surface of a plate-like support made of ceramics are arranged with a predetermined gap.

As described above, the PCB remains on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 so that it is difficult to disassemble and recycle the container 10, but the cleaning main body 1 configured as in the present embodiment. According to the hazardous substance cleaning apparatus having the above, the remaining PCB can be removed from the container 10, and the PCB can be removed cleanly, thereby facilitating dismantling and recycling.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, since the cleaning main body 1 is provided in the cargo compartment 31 of the towed vehicle 32 having the cargo compartment 31, the PCB is attached. It becomes easy to carry the cleaning main body 1 to a place where the container (transformer) 10 is stored, and it is possible to promote the disassembly work of the container (transformer) 10.

In addition, since the superheated steam used for cleaning is generated by heating by the heat generated by the fullerene that is energized, when the heated steam is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10, the PCB adhering to the container 10 is removed. It can be washed off and decomposed by heating.
Then, the washed-out PCB is absorbed by the absorbent material 7, and the absorbent material 7 is put into the processing apparatus 11 of FIG. 5, for example, so that the PCB can be easily processed (the PCB concentration is reduced). .

Further, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated form, and other forms may be employed within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the cleaning main body 1 is provided in the vehicle 32 has been described. However, the cleaning main body 1 may have a structure fixed on the ground, and is provided indoors in the processing facility. It may be.
The hazardous substance cleaning apparatus including the cleaning main body 1 may further include a processing apparatus 11 (see FIG. 5). And you may install the washing | cleaning main-body part 1, the heating apparatus 36, and the processing apparatus 11 collectively.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cleaning main-body part 2 Tank 3 Arrangement | positioning part 4 Ejection means 5 Opening part 6 Drain part 7: Absorbent material 10: Container 21: Head part 22: Piping part 23: Rotating attachment part 24: Outlet 25: Inner pipe 26: Outer pipe 31: Box-shaped cargo room 32: Towed vehicle

Claims (7)

A hazardous substance cleaning device for cleaning the inside of a container to which polychlorinated biphenyl is attached,
A tank containing an absorbent for absorbing the polychlorinated biphenyl ;
An arrangement portion that is provided above the absorbent material accommodated in the tank, and arranged in a state in which the container is opened downward, and allows fluid to pass from top to bottom;
A jetting means for inserting superheated steam into the inner peripheral surface of the container to be inserted into the container arranged in the arrangement part;
Have,
The superheated steam is generated by heating steam generated by a boiler, and further by heating the energized fullerene . The hazardous substance cleaning apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a rotation unit that relatively rotates the ejection unit and the container around a center line in a vertical direction. The jetting means includes a head part in which a jet outlet for jetting the superheated steam is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the container, a pipe part for supplying the superheated steam to the head part, and a vertical direction centerline harmful substances cleaning apparatus according rotatably the head portion and the rotary mounting portion that is mounted to the pipe section around, to be have claim 1 or 2 has. The pipe section has a double-pipe structure having a radially inner inner pipe and a radially outer outer pipe provided so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction so as to be extendable in the vertical direction. 3. The hazardous substance cleaning apparatus according to 3. The harmful substance cleaning device according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the head portion is formed with a single jet port.   The harmful substance cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the absorbent material is a piece of wood or sawdust capable of absorbing fluid. A hazardous substance cleaning method for cleaning the inside of a cylindrical container to which polychlorinated biphenyl is attached,
Arrange the container as opened below,
The steam generated in the boiler is further heated by the heat generated by the fullerene that is energized to generate superheated steam,
Spraying the superheated steam to the inner peripheral surface of the container,
A hazardous substance cleaning method, wherein the polychlorinated biphenyl that has flowed down from the container is absorbed by an absorbent material provided under the container.

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