JP4475109B2 - Surgical light - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a surgical light suitable for use in an illumination device used in the medical field.

An illuminating device used in the medical field such as a surgical operation or a dental treatment is generally called a shadowless lamp because it is set so as not to cause a shadow in the illumination area. This kind of surgical light is provided with an incandescent light source such as a halogen lamp or a krypton lamp formed in a line, and a reflecting mirror that reflects the light from the incandescent light source toward an irradiation area. The reflection light is controlled by forming a large number of facets (small regions) in the surface, and a shadowless effect is obtained in the irradiation field (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-195316 A

However, when an incandescent bulb is used as a light source for an incandescent lamp, when the bulb is replaced with the life of the filament of the incandescent bulb, an optical positional deviation occurs between the incandescent bulb and the reflecting mirror, or There is a problem that the optical axis of the incandescent bulb is shifted due to deformation of the filament due to change over time, and a desired shadowless effect cannot be obtained.
Incandescent bulbs emit light in all directions, so even if the design accuracy of the reflector is increased, it is difficult to control the entire radiated light. There is a problem that the depth becomes shallow.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a shadowless lamp that can easily control light.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, an LED element and a reflector that reflects light of the LED element are accommodated in a chip case, and are electrically connected to the LED element along both side surfaces of the chip case. A plurality of LED chips extending a pair of leads functioning as sockets are arranged in a row on the LED substrate to form an LED chip row, and each LED chip is arranged on the LED substrate at the position where each LED chip is arranged. Socket holes for inserting a pair of leads of the LED chip are provided, and these socket holes are inclined with respect to the LED substrate so that each LED chip inserted into the socket hole has a shadowless effect on the irradiation field. A shadowless lamp is provided in which a heat-dissipating metal piece can be interposed in a gap formed between the inclined LED chip and the LED substrate .

In the invention described above , each of the LED chips has a beam opening angle of 3 ° to 15 °.

  In the invention described above, the present invention is characterized in that the color temperature of each LED chip in the LED chip array is set to a value between 4000K and 7000K.

  Moreover, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above invention, the wavelength of light emitted from each LED chip of the LED chip array is set to a value between 350 nm and 1000 nm.

Further, the present invention is the above invention, wherein a plurality of the LED chip rows are provided, a beam opening angle of the LED chips is made different for each LED chip row , and a position where the light beam intersects is made different for each LED chip row. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, in the above invention, a plurality of the LED chip arrays having different color temperatures or wavelengths are provided, and the LED chip arrays having the same color temperature or wavelength are selectively turned off / on. It is configured to be possible.

Moreover, the present invention is characterized in that in the above invention, an LED module is configured for each LED chip row.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a surgical light that can easily control light.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In the present embodiment, a shadowless lamp suitable for use in, for example, a dental lighting device is illustrated.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the surgical lamp 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the surgical lamp 1. As shown in these drawings, the surgical light 1 includes a substantially rectangular case body 2 whose front surface is released, and a transparent glass plate 3 that covers a front-side open portion of the case body 2. A heat sink 4 is accommodated in the case body 2, and a cooling fan 5 that forcibly air-cools the heat sink 4 is attached to the back surface 2 </ b> A of the case body 2. An LED substrate 6 is disposed on the heat sink 4, and a plurality of LED chips 10 are disposed on the LED substrate 6. These LED chips 10 are arranged in n rows (10 in the illustrated example) in a horizontal row to form LED chip rows 11, and the LED chip rows 11 are vertically arranged in m stages (in the illustrated example, 5 stages). Yes.
In addition, on the back side of the LED substrate 6, various electric circuits such as a driver circuit for driving the LED chip 10, a power source, and a converter are provided. Electric power is supplied to these electric circuits via the power cord 7 drawn out from the side surface 2B of the case body 2, and each LED chip 10 is driven to light.

  3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the LED chip 10, FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the LED chip 10, and FIG. 5 is a right side view of the LED chip 10. As shown in these drawings, the LED chip 10 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and a chip case 22 that houses the LED element 20 and the reflecting mirror 21, and a chip case 22 from a substantially central portion of the bottom surface 22 </ b> A of the chip case 22. And two leads 23A and 23B extending upward along the left and right side surfaces 22B and 22C of the chip case 22, respectively. The LED element 20 is disposed on the surface of the substantially central portion of the bottom surface 22A of the chip case 22 with the light emitting surface 20A facing upward, and is electrically connected to each of the leads 23A and 23B by a metal wire 24. In addition, the upper ends 25 of the leads 23A and 23B function as sockets, inserted into the socket holes 6A (see FIG. 9) formed in the LED board 6, and printed wirings provided on the LED board 6. Electrically connected. Thereby, drive power is supplied from the LED substrate 6 to the LED element 20 via the leads 23A and 23B. In the present embodiment, a white LED element having a color temperature of 4500K is used as the LED element 20 in consideration of dental treatment. The color temperature of the LED element 20 is preferably between 4000K and 7000K, and the wavelength is preferably between 350 nm and 1000 nm.

  Here, the leads 23A and 23B are formed of a metal plate having high thermal conductivity, and the lower end portion 26 of one lead 23B of the two leads 23A and 23B is disposed so as to face the lower surface of the LED element 20. Thus, the heat generated by the LED element 20 is effectively dissipated through the lead 23B. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the LED chip 10 is attached to the LED substrate 6, a heat dissipating metal piece 12 is interposed between the chip case 22 of the LED chip 10 and the LED substrate 6. The heat radiation of the LED chip 10 is also performed by the metal plate 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the reflecting mirror 21 has a reflecting surface 21A formed in a paraboloid shape, and the reflecting surface 21A serves as an upper surface (light emitting surface) of the LED chip 10. It is arranged to cover. Further, a metal film such as aluminum or an optical thin film such as a cold mirror having a high light reflectivity is formed on the reflecting surface 21A. That is, light emitted upward from the light emitting surface 20A of the LED element 20 is reflected toward the bottom surface 22A side of the chip case 22 by the reflecting surface 21A of the reflecting mirror 21, and the broken arrows A and A ′ in FIG. As shown, the light is emitted with the bottom surface 22A of the chip case 22 as the radiation surface. A space 21B between the LED chip 10 and the reflecting mirror 21 is filled with a resin material such as an epoxy resin in order to protect the LED chip 10.

Next, the optical configuration of the surgical light 1 will be described in detail.
FIG. 6 is a ray tracing diagram of the surgical light 1. In addition, in this figure, the light ray of the LED chip row | line | column 11 which consists of n (10 example of illustration) LED chips 10 arranged in the horizontal line in FIG. 1 is shown. As shown in FIG. 6, the LED chip row 11 has an LED group G1 composed of n / 2 (five examples in the drawing) LED chips 10 from the left with respect to the center line O, and n / 2 from the right (see FIG. 6). The LED group G2 is composed of LED chips 10 of the example 5). Each of the LED groups G1 and G2 emits light symmetrically with respect to the center line O so that the light beams intersect with each other at the center line O, thereby causing a shadowless effect on the irradiation field R and the LED chip 10 Each has a beam opening angle θ1 that forms an irradiation field of a predetermined size at a predetermined irradiation distance.

Specifically, when the LED chip 10 irradiates light in the vertical direction (that is, the center line O is in the vertical direction) to form the irradiation field R1, the lateral width D1 of the irradiation field R1 and the irradiation field from the LED chip 10 Between the irradiation distance L to R1 and the beam opening angle θ1 in the vertical plane of each LED chip 10, there is a relationship of the following formula 1.
D1 = tan θ1 × L (Expression 1)

  As shown in the above (Formula 1), when the beam opening angle θ1 of the LED chip 10 is small, the width D1 of the irradiation field R1 is also small. Therefore, in order to obtain the irradiation field R1 having a certain width, the irradiation distance L must be increased. Further, when the LED chips 10 each having the same beam opening angle θ1 are arranged on the same straight line and each LED chip 10 emits light in the vertical direction, the light beam from each LED chip 10 Since the area where the crossing points becomes small, an efficient shadowless effect cannot be obtained.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the LED chip 10 is attached to be inclined with respect to the LED substrate 6 so that an irradiation field R1 having a sufficient width can be obtained even if the irradiation distance L is not increased unnecessarily. Specifically, when the LED chip 10 with respect to the LED substrate 6 is tilted by the tilt angle θ2, the lateral width D2 of the irradiation field R is expressed by the following equation 2.
D2 = {tan ((θ1) / 2 + θ2) + tan ((θ1) / 2−θ2)} × L (Expression 2)
That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when the LED chip 10 is attached to the LED substrate 6 with an inclination angle θ2, the irradiation field L and the beam opening angle θ1 are constant. The width of R1 is extended from D1 to D2 by an amount corresponding to the inclination angle θ2, so that a wide irradiation field R1 can be obtained.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, in the LED chips 10 of the LED group G1, the respective inclination angles θ2 are set from the outer LED chip 10 to the inner LED chip 10 (near the center line O). The LED chip G of the LED group G1 and the LED group G2 are inclined by making the LED chips G of the LED group G2 tilted so that the LED group G1 is reduced in stages and symmetrical with respect to the center line O with respect to the LED group G1. By making it the structure which makes it cross | intersect, the irradiation field L and the beam opening angle (theta) 1 of each LED chip 10 are made constant, and the wider irradiation field R is obtained as a whole.
In addition, since the LED chip 10 is inclined and attached to the LED substrate 6 in this way, the intersection point (the intersection point) K where the light beams of the LED groups G1 and G2 intersect each other approaches the LED chip 10 side. A sufficient distance (space) for a medical worker to work can be ensured between the point K and the irradiation field R (that is, a zone in which a shadowless effect occurs).

  The mounting structure of the LED chip 10 to the LED board 6 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 9, the socket hole 6A on the surface of the LED board 6 is inclined by an angle θ2 with respect to the surface normal P of the LED board 6. The LED chip 10 is attached to the LED board 6 in a posture inclined by an inclination angle θ2 by inserting the leads 23B and 23A of the LED chip 10 into the socket hole 6A. Further, the heat dissipating metal piece 12 interposed between the LED substrate 6 and the LED chip 10 is such that the contact surface 12A of the LED chip 10 with the chip case 22 is inclined with respect to the surface of the LED substrate 6 by an angle θ2. This also ensures that the LED chip 10 is securely attached to the LED substrate 6 in a posture inclined by the inclination angle θ2. In the present embodiment, the inclination angle θ2 of the LED chip 10 is about 10 ° for the outer LED chip 10 and about 1 ° for the inner LED chip 10.

In the present invention, the inventors have found that 3 ° ≦ θ1 ≦ 15 ° is the best beam opening angle θ1 of the LED chip 10. More specifically, if the beam opening angle θ1 is less than 3 °, and the irradiation distance L is constant, the width of the irradiation field R formed by one LED chip 10 becomes extremely narrow, and there is no shadow. In order to obtain a wide irradiation field R as the entire lamp 1, it is necessary to arrange a large number of LED chips 10 in the lateral direction.
For example, in general, a surgical treatment lamp for dental treatment is used which forms an irradiation field R having a width of 150 mm when the irradiation distance L is 650 mm. In the configuration of this embodiment, the LED chip 10 When the beam opening angle θ1 is less than 3 °, in order to form the irradiation distance L = 650 mm and the irradiation field R width of 150 mm, about 20 or more LED chips 10 are required in a horizontal row, which is costly. Increase.

  On the contrary, when the beam opening angle θ1 is expanded to 15 ° or more, the width of the irradiation field R formed by one LED chip 10 is widened, but the surgical lamp 1 as a whole is irradiated with an increase in the irradiation distance L. The blur generated in the contour of the field R becomes prominent, and the illuminance per unit area in the irradiation field R is extremely reduced. Therefore, in order to compensate for this, the number of LED chips 10 to be used must be increased. Will increase.

  Thus, by setting the beam opening angle θ1 to 3 ° ≦ θ1 ≦ 15 °, it is possible to form an irradiation field R having a sufficient area and illuminance required for dental care while suppressing the number of LED chips 10. In addition, blurring or the like in the outline of the irradiation field R can be prevented. Note that which value of 3 ° ≦ θ1 ≦ 15 ° is used as the beam opening angle θ1 is determined by the irradiation distance L between the surgical light 1 and the irradiation field R. For example, in dental treatment, the surgical light 1 may be set at a position close to the treatment site (for example, L = 400 mm) for treatment, and conversely, the surgical light 1 is placed at the treatment site. In some cases, the treatment is performed at a position away from the center (for example, L = 1000 mm). FIG. 10 shows a preferable value of the beam opening angle θ1 when the operating light 1 is used in the vicinity, when the operating light 1 is used as standard (L = 600 mm), and when the operating light 1 is separated and used. Show. The adjustment of the beam opening angle θ1 is performed by changing the shape of the reflecting surface 21A of the reflecting mirror 21.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the surgical light 1 is configured using the LED chip 10 having the LED element 20 and the reflecting prism 21 that reflects the light of the LED element 20 as a light source. This makes it easy to design the reflective surface 21A. Further, since the directivity of the light source is higher than that of the incandescent bulb, the light beam can be accurately controlled, and the shape and contour of the irradiation field R can be clarified.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, since the LED element 20 and the reflecting prism 21 are integrally formed, problems such as optical axis misalignment of the light source due to a change with time or replacement of the LED element 20 do not occur. Furthermore, since the LED element 20 has a longer life than an incandescent bulb, the frequency of replacement of the light source is reduced.

Further, if the LED chip 10 is configured to be thin, the thickness of the surgical lamp 1 can be reduced to 10 mm or less, and the thickness can be easily reduced. In addition, an incandescent bulb is used as the light source, and the weight can be easily reduced so that the weight is reduced to one third or less as compared with a conventional shadowless lamp having a glass reflector.
Moreover, compared with the conventional incandescent lamp, the radiation heat with respect to the irradiation field R is suppressed, and the treatment target site illuminated by the surgical light 1 does not have heat.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the LED chip array 11 in which the LED chips 10 are arranged is provided, and the LEDs are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line O of the LED chip array 11 so that the light beams intersect with each other. The chip 10 is arranged to create a shadowless effect on the irradiation field R, and each of the LED chips 10 has a beam opening angle θ1 that forms an irradiation field R having a predetermined size at a predetermined irradiation distance L. Since it was set as the structure, the irradiation field R of a desired magnitude | size can be formed in a desired point.

  In particular, in this embodiment, since the beam opening angle θ1 is between 3 ° and 15 °, it is possible to form an irradiation field R having a sufficient area and illuminance while suppressing the number of LED chips 10. Further, it is possible to prevent blurring and the like from occurring in the outline of the irradiation field R.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, each LED chip 10 of the LED chip array 11 is arranged to be inclined with respect to the LED substrate 6, so that the irradiation distance L and the beam opening angle θ1 of each LED chip 10 are constant. However, a wider irradiation field R is obtained as a whole. Further, since the intersection point K at which the light rays intersect approaches the LED chip 10 side, it is sufficient for the medical staff to work between the intersection point K and the irradiation field R (that is, the zone where the shadowless effect occurs). A distance (space) can be secured.

  The above-described embodiment is merely an aspect of the present invention, and can be arbitrarily modified and applied within the scope of the present invention.

(Modification 1) In the above-described embodiment, the beam opening angles θ1 of the LED chips 10 are the same. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if the beam opening angle θ1 of each LED chip 10 in the LED chip array 11 is entirely increased to θ1 ′, the intersection point K ′ is located closer to the LED chip 10 as shown in FIG. It will be. Therefore, for example, by alternately arranging the LED chip rows 11 having the beam opening angle θ1 and the LED chip rows 11 having the beam opening angle θ1 ′ (≠ θ1) in the vertical direction, the LEDs having the beam opening angle θ1. Even when the intersection point K formed by the chip row 11 is blocked by hand or the like, the intersection point K ′ formed by the LED chip row 11 having the beam opening angle θ1 ′ is prevented from being blocked, and a shadowless effect is obtained. It becomes possible. Further, by configuring the surgical lamp 1 by combining the LED chip arrays 11 having different beam opening angles θ1 as described above, it is possible to reduce unevenness in illuminance distribution in the irradiation field R.

  As described above, when the beam opening angle θ1 of the LED chip 10 is different, the distance L until the irradiation field R having the same lateral width D1 is obtained is shortened. Therefore, when the LED chip rows 11 having different beam opening angles θ1 are vertically combined, the LED chips 10 in each LED chip row 11 are formed so as to form an irradiation field R having the same width D at the same irradiation distance L. The tilt angle θ2 is adjusted. For example, by combining the LED chip array 11 having a beam opening angle θ1 of 5 ° and the LED chip array 11 having a beam opening angle θ1 of 13 °, an irradiation field R having a lateral width D = 150 mm is formed at a position where the irradiation distance L = 600 mm. In the case of forming, a suitable value for the inclination angle θ2 of each LED chip 10 is shown in FIG.

(Modification 2) In the above-described embodiment, the color temperature is varied between 4000K to 7000K for each LED chip row 11, and a switch for selectively turning on / off each LED chip row 11 is provided. It is also possible for the medical staff to easily perform treatment by turning on only the LED chip array 11 having a desired color temperature depending on the treatment status.

(Modification 3) In embodiment mentioned above, it is not restricted to the structure which arrange | positions the LED chip 10 on a plane, For example, the LED board 6 is comprised in cross-sectional parabolic form, and the LED chip 10 is arrange | positioned in parabolic form. The LED chip array 11 may be configured. Further, for example, the LED chip 10 may be arranged on the long focal point ellipsoid. Further, the case is not limited to a configuration in which the plurality of LED chips 10 are arranged in a rectangular (rectangular or square) case body 2 in a front view so that columns and rows are orthogonal to each other, but other rectangular cases such as a parallelogram in front view It is good also as a structure arrange | positioned in the matrix 2 so that the vertical line and horizontal line of this case body 2 may cross | intersect at angles other than 90 degree | times in the body 2. FIG. Further, as described in detail in Modification 4, the LED chips 10 may be arranged on concentric circles.
The LED chip 10 is not limited to a square in front view, and may be circular or polygonal as long as the beam opening angle θ1 is designed to be 3 ° ≦ θ1 ≦ 15 °. Further, in the LED chip 10, as long as the above-mentioned beam opening angle θ1 can be obtained, it is not necessary to arrange the LED element 20 in the central portion of the LED chip 10 as viewed from the front, and the reflecting surface 21A has an asymmetric shape. You can also.

(Modification 4) In the above-described embodiment, a shadowless lamp suitable for use in a dental lighting apparatus has been exemplified. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a lighting apparatus (so-called surgical lamp) used for a surgical operation or the like is used. It is also possible to apply the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the structure of the surgical light 1 ′ according to this modification and its ray tracing. As shown in this figure, in the surgical lamp 1 ′ of the present embodiment, the LED chip 10 ′ is formed in a substantially circular shape when viewed from the bottom, and a plurality of the LED chips 10 ′ are arranged concentrically. The reflecting mirror 21 (not shown) of the chip 10 ′ is formed in a substantially circular shape when viewed from the bottom, and radiates light conically from the radiation surface of each LED chip 10 ′. The beam opening angle θ1 of each LED chip 10 ′ is appropriately set in accordance with the irradiation distance L between 3 ° and 15 °, and the irradiation field having a sufficient area and illuminance as in the above-described embodiment. R can be formed, and it is possible to prevent the outline of the irradiation field R from being blurred. In addition, since the LED element 20 is used as a light source, the operating light 1 'can be reduced in weight, and a medical worker can easily perform operations such as changing the position of the operating light 1'.

  In addition, you may apply the modification 1 and the modification 2 which were mentioned above with respect to this modification. That is, for each circumference, an LED chip 10 'having a different beam opening angle θ1 may be arranged, or an LED chip 10' having a different color temperature may be arranged.

(Application example 1) The LED chip 10 according to the above-described embodiment is provided to constitute a single LED module, and the LED module 100 can be further combined to constitute the surgical light 1. .

  FIG. 14 is a front view of the LED module 100, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the LED module 100. As shown in FIG. 14, the LED module 100 is configured by housing a plurality of LED chips 10 (two vertically and horizontally in the illustrated example) arranged in a matrix on the LED substrate 6 in the vertical and horizontal directions. ing. Each LED chip 10 has the same beam opening angle θ1 (3 ° ≦ θ1 ≦ 15 °) and is attached to the LED substrate 6 at a predetermined inclination angle θ2. Are made to cause a shadowless effect in the irradiation field R. Further, the LED chip 10 having the same wavelength and color temperature is used for one LED module 100.

  FIG. 16 is a ray tracing diagram when three LED modules 100 are arranged horizontally. As shown in this figure, the LED modules 100 at both ends are attached to the other LED module 100 at an angle θ3 with respect to the horizontal line H so as to intersect the light beam. In addition to the shadowless effect at, a shadowless effect between the LED modules 100 can be obtained.

  It is also possible to form a desired irradiation field R by combining a plurality of LED modules 100 having different beam opening angles θ1, color temperatures, and wavelengths. In particular, by making it possible to control the turn-off and turn-on in units of LED modules 100, a medical worker can easily obtain a desired irradiation field R as appropriate according to work.

It is a front view of the surgical light which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the surgical light. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an LED chip. It is a bottom view of a LED chip. It is a right view of an LED chip. It is a ray trace figure of a LED chip row. It is a figure for demonstrating the inclination-angle of a LED chip. It is a figure for demonstrating the inclination-angle of a LED chip. It is a figure for demonstrating the attachment structure of a LED chip. It is a figure which shows the optimal combination of an irradiation distance and a beam opening angle. It is a ray trace figure of a LED chip row. It is a figure which shows the optimal combination of an irradiation distance and a beam opening angle. It is a figure which shows the structure of the surgical light which concerns on the modification of this invention, and its ray tracing. It is a figure which shows the structure of an LED module. It is a figure which shows the structure of an LED module. It is a ray tracing figure of an operating light which combines an LED module.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shadowless lamp 6 LED board 10 LED chip 11 LED chip row | line | column 20 LED element 21 Reflection prism (reflector)
21A Reflective surface 23B, 23A Lead 100 LED module K Intersection point L Irradiation distance O Center line R Irradiation field θ1 Beam opening angle θ2 Tilt angle

Claims (7)

An LED element and a reflector that reflects light of the LED element are accommodated in a chip case, and a pair of leads that are electrically connected to the LED element and function as sockets are extended along both side surfaces of the chip case. A plurality of LED chips are arranged in a row on the LED substrate to form an LED chip row,
On the LED substrate, a socket hole for inserting a pair of leads of the LED chip is provided at each LED chip arrangement position,
These socket holes are tilted with respect to the LED substrate so that each LED chip inserted into the socket hole has a shadowless effect on the irradiation field, and formed between the inclined LED chip and the LED substrate. A shadowless lamp characterized in that a metal piece for heat dissipation can be interposed in the gap .   The operating light according to claim 1, wherein each of the LED chips has a beam opening angle between 3 ° and 15 °.   The operating light according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the color temperature of each LED chip in the LED chip array is set to a value between 4000K and 7000K.   The operating light according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wavelength of the light emitted from each LED chip of the LED chip array is set to a value between 350 nm and 1000 nm.   5. A plurality of the LED chip rows are provided, a beam opening angle of the LED chips is made different for each LED chip row, and a position where a light beam intersects is made different for each LED chip row. The surgical light described in 1.   A plurality of the LED chip rows having different color temperatures or wavelengths are provided, and the LED chip rows having the same color temperature or wavelength can be selectively turned off / on. The surgical light according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The operating light according to claim 5 or 6, wherein an LED module is configured for each LED chip row.

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