JP4386287B2 - Electronic accordion - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic accordion that includes a keyboard, a bellows, and a sound source, and generates a musical sound in accordance with the operation of the keyboard and the bellows.

  There is known an electronic accordion that detects pressure in a keyboard and a bellows and generates a musical sound from a sound source constituted by an electronic circuit in accordance with the operation of the keyboard and the operation of the bellows.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-366145 (Patent Document 1) discloses an electronic accordion that can simulate a musical sound generated by an acoustic accordion.
JP 2002-366145 A

  However, the conventional electronic accordion has a problem that the aspect of the reaction force acting on the bellows when operating the bellows is different from the aspect of the reaction force applied to the bellows of the acoustic accordion, and it is difficult to perform or has a sense of incongruity. .

  This is because the acoustic accordion and the electronic accordion are different in the structure of the intake of air into the bellows or the discharge of air from the bellows by the operation of the keyboard and the operation of the bellows.

  The acoustic accordion has a sound hole and a sound hole cover through which air enters and exits each key, each sound hole is provided with a lead that vibrates by exhaust and intake, and when the key is pressed, the sound hole cover opens, When the key is released, the sound hole lid is closed. Therefore, when a large number of keys are pressed, many air holes communicate with the outside, the resistance to air flow decreases, and the bellows can be easily opened and closed.

  When the vibration starts, the amplitude gradually increases, and the flow rate of air passing through the sound hole changes. Each sound hole is provided with a plurality of leads having slightly different pitches and leads having different octaves, and each lead is provided with a shutter that blocks air. By switching between these shutters, it is possible to set a timbre so that a plurality of leads will sound for one sound. The tone color is set by the player operating the register switch. Accordingly, the number and type of leads to be used among the plurality of leads vary depending on the tone color, so that the air flow rate also changes.

  These reeds are provided with check valves (whiskers) on the reeds that vibrate during exhaust and the reeds that vibrate during intake and so as not to vibrate during exhaust. These check valves are closed when the air pressure in the bellows becomes the same pressure as the atmospheric pressure, and when the pressure in the bellows rises or falls again, there is a phenomenon that the resistance of the airflow increases momentarily. .

  On the other hand, in the conventional electronic accordion, the control of opening and closing the air valve provided in the bellows is performed according to the operation of the key of the keyboard.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic accordion that can provide an operational feeling similar to the operation of the bellows of an acoustic accordion.

  In order to achieve the above object, an electronic accordion according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a keyboard portion having a plurality of operating elements for instructing the pitch of a musical tone and the generation and stop of the musical tone, and inhaling or discharging air. Bellows, an air pressure sensor that detects the air pressure in the bellows, and a sound source that forms a musical tone with a pitch specified by the keyboard operator in accordance with the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor An air valve that adjusts an opening degree of an air hole that sucks air into the bellows or discharges air inside the bellows, and sets the opening degree of the air valve according to the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor Opening degree setting means for controlling the air valve according to the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 2 is the electronic accordion according to claim 1, wherein the opening degree setting means responds to a case where the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is larger than atmospheric pressure and smaller than atmospheric pressure. To set the opening degree.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 3 is provided with key depression state detecting means for detecting a state in which the operator of the keyboard unit is operated in the electronic accordion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening degree setting means includes: The opening degree of the air valve is set according to the key pressing state detected by the key pressing state detecting means and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 4 is the electronic accordion according to claim 3, wherein the opening degree setting means closes the air valve when the number of key depressions detected by the key depression state detection means is zero. When the number of key presses is 1 or more and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is detected to be equal to the atmospheric pressure, the opening degree of the air valve is set to a minimum opening degree greater than 0, and the key pressing state detection When the number of key depressions detected by the means is 1 or more and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is a predetermined value, the opening degree is set larger than the minimum opening degree.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 5 is the electronic accordion according to claim 4, wherein the opening degree setting means changes the opening degree of the air valve when the air pressure exceeds a predetermined value.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 6 detects a pitch of a musical tone, a keyboard portion having a plurality of operators for instructing generation and stop of the musical tone, a bellows for sucking or discharging air, and an air pressure in the bellows. An air pressure sensor, and a sound source that forms a musical tone having a pitch specified by an operator of the keyboard unit according to the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor. An air valve that adjusts the opening degree of the air hole for discharging the air in the bellows, a key pressing state detecting means that detects a state in which the operation member of the keyboard is operated, and a key pressing state detecting means An opening degree setting means for setting the opening degree of the air valve in accordance with the key depression state, and a speed setting means for setting a speed at which the opening degree is changed to the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means. When, and a control means for controlling said air valve according to the speed set by the speed setting means and the set degree of opening by the opening degree setting means.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 7 is the electronic accordion according to claim 6, wherein when the opening degree setting means detects that the key pressing state has been changed by the key pressing state detection means, If the first opening degree is set according to the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor, the key pressing state is constant, and it is detected that the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor has changed, the second opening degree The speed setting means sets a first speed for changing the opening degree to the first opening degree set by the opening degree setting means, and the opening degree of the air valve is set by the opening degree setting means. After reaching the set opening degree, the second speed is set, and the control means sets the first opening degree to the first opening degree while the key pressing state detected by the key pressing state detecting means does not change. The sky at a speed of 1 To control the valve, after opening of the air valve reaches the first degree of opening, to a second opening degree, and controls the air valve at the second speed.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 8 is the electronic accordion according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the speed setting means sets a speed when increasing the aperture and a speed when decreasing the aperture, respectively. It is.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 9 is the electronic accordion according to claim 8, wherein when the opening degree is increased, the speed setting means sets the speed according to the air pressure detected by the air sensor and decreases the opening degree. When it is made to be, it is set as a fixed speed.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 10 is the electronic accordion according to claim 8, wherein when the opening degree is increased, the speed setting means increases the speed as the air pressure detected by the air sensor becomes higher. When the air pressure is decreased, the speed is set smaller as the air pressure detected by the air sensor becomes higher.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 11 is the electronic accordion according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the speed setting means includes a case where the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is larger than atmospheric pressure and The speed is set according to the small case.

  According to the electronic accordion of the first aspect, the air valve that adjusts the opening degree of the air hole that sucks air into the bellows or discharges the air inside the bellows, and the air valve according to the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor. Since it has an opening degree setting means for setting the opening degree and a control means for controlling the air valve according to the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means, the operation feeling approximate to the operation of the bellows of the acoustic accordion There is an effect that can be obtained. In the acoustic accordion, air is supplied to the sound hole from the bellows or air is supplied from the outside, and the lead vibrates. The larger the difference between the air pressure in the bellows and the atmospheric pressure, the larger the amplitude of the vibration of the reed and the easier the air flows. Therefore, by controlling the opening degree of the air valve according to the air pressure in the bellows, it is possible to approximate the operational feeling of the bellows of the acoustic accordion.

  According to the electronic accordion of the second aspect, in addition to the effect achieved by the electronic accordion of the first aspect, the opening degree setting means is configured such that the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is larger than the atmospheric pressure and smaller than the atmospheric pressure. The opening degree is set according to the case. In the acoustic accordion, the air flow path differs between when the bellows is extended and when it is compressed, so the load on the bellows is different between when the bellows is extended and when it is compressed. There is an effect that can be done.

  According to the electronic accordion of the third aspect, in addition to the effect produced by the electronic accordion according to the first or second aspect, the electronic accordion includes a key pressing state detecting means for detecting a state in which the operation member of the keyboard unit is operated. Since the setting means sets the opening degree of the air valve in accordance with the key depression state detected by the key depression state detection means and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor, the operational feeling of the bellows of the acoustic accordion is further improved. There is an effect that it can be approximated.

  According to the electronic accordion of the fourth aspect, in addition to the effect achieved by the electronic accordion according to the third aspect, the opening degree setting means is configured such that when the number of key depressions detected by the key depression state detecting means is zero, When the valve is closed and the number of key presses is 1 or more and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is detected to be equal to the atmospheric pressure, the opening degree of the air valve is set to a minimum opening degree greater than 0 and the key pressing state is detected. When the number of key depressions detected by the means is 1 or more and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is a predetermined value, the opening degree is set to be larger than the minimum opening degree.

  In the acoustic accordion, when the key or performance button is pressed and the air pressure in the bellows becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure, the check valve provided in the lead blocks the air flow path. However, since the check valve does not completely close the sound hole, there is an effect that this state can be simulated.

  According to the electronic accordion according to claim 5, in addition to the effect achieved by the electronic accordion according to claim 4, the opening degree setting means changes the opening degree of the air valve when the air pressure exceeds a predetermined value. It is.

  In the acoustic accordion, when the pressure in the bellows is increased from the state where the check valve blocks the air flow path, the check valve will not be opened unless the air pressure exceeds the specified pressure. There is an effect that can be done.

  The electronic accordion according to claim 6 detects a state in which an air valve that adjusts an opening degree of an air hole that sucks air into the bellows or discharges air inside the bellows and an operation element of the keyboard unit is operated. A key-pressing state detecting means, an opening degree setting means for setting the opening degree of the air valve according to the key-pressing state detected by the key-pressing state detecting means, and the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means Since there is provided speed setting means for setting the speed for changing the opening degree, and control means for controlling the air valve in accordance with the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means and the speed set by the speed setting means. There is an effect that can more closely approximate the operational feeling of the bellows of the acoustic accordion. In the acoustic accordion, as described above, a lead is provided in the sound hole, and the lead vibrates to generate a musical sound. However, when the sound hole cover is opened, the amplitude of the vibration of the lead gradually increases. Therefore, the amount of air sucked into or discharged from the bellows gradually increases, and such a state can be simulated.

  According to the electronic accordion of the seventh aspect, in addition to the effect achieved by the electronic accordion according to the sixth aspect, the opening degree setting means detects that the key depression state has been changed by the key depression state detection means. If the first opening degree is set according to the key state and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor, and the key pressing state is constant and it is detected that the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor has changed, The opening degree is set, and the speed setting means sets a first speed that changes the opening degree to the first opening degree set by the opening degree setting means, and the opening degree of the air valve is set by the opening degree setting means. After reaching the set opening degree, the second speed is set, and the control means sets the first speed to the first opening degree while the key pressing state detected by the key pressing state detection means does not change. To control the air valve and open the air valve. Since the air valve is controlled at the second speed until the second opening degree after the degree reaches the first opening degree, the sound hole lid is opened and closed by the keyboard keys and performance buttons in the acoustic accordion. When the air pressure changes in a state where the first opening degree is constant, the second opening degree can be set and simulated according to the air pressure. There is an effect that the opening / closing speed of the air valve can be set respectively when the first opening degree is changed and when the second opening degree is changed.

  According to the electronic accordion described in claim 8, in addition to the effect produced by the electronic accordion according to claim 6 or 7, the speed setting means includes a speed when increasing the aperture and a speed when decreasing the aperture. Therefore, there is an effect that different speeds can be set depending on whether the degree of opening increases or decreases.

  According to the electronic accordion according to claim 9, in addition to the effect produced by the electronic accordion according to claim 8, the speed setting means, when increasing the opening degree, the speed according to the air pressure detected by the air sensor, When the opening degree is decreased, the speed is constant. In the acoustic accordion, when the key or performance button is pressed, the lead starts to vibrate, and when the vibration is started, the amplitude gradually increases, and when the air pressure in the bellows greatly differs from the atmospheric pressure, the change in the amplitude becomes faster. On the other hand, when releasing the pressed key or performance button, the air flow path is blocked regardless of the pressure of the bellows, and such a state can be simulated.

  According to the electronic accordion of the tenth aspect, in addition to the effect achieved by the electronic accordion according to the eighth aspect, when the opening degree is increased, the speed setting means increases the speed as the air pressure detected by the air sensor increases. When reducing the opening degree, the speed is set to decrease as the air pressure detected by the air sensor increases. Therefore, in the acoustic accordion, when the opening degree is increased, the vibration of the lead increases as the air pressure increases. In the case where the speed at which the amplitude of the lead increases is large and the opening degree is decreased, there is an effect that it is possible to simulate a state where the speed at which the amplitude of the vibration of the lead is reduced is small as the air pressure is high.

  According to an electronic accordion according to claim 11, in the electronic accordion according to any one of claims 6 to 10, the speed setting means includes a case where the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is larger than atmospheric pressure, and atmospheric pressure. Since the speed is set according to the smaller case, the speed at which the air valve is opened and closed can be set depending on whether the bellows is extended or the bellows is compressed. There is an effect that it can be approximated to the operational feeling of the bellows.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows the appearance of an electronic accordion 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the right hand operating unit operated with the right hand is provided with a keyboard 2 and a plurality of register switches 4, and the keyboard 2 is provided with a key 3 comprising a plurality of white keys and black keys. A plurality of register switches 4 for setting the tone color of the musical tone played by the key 3 are provided at the rear part of the keyboard 2. Each key 3 and each register switch 4 is provided with a sensor to detect the operating state.

  The left hand operating unit operated with the left hand is provided with an accompaniment unit 7 having a plurality of performance buttons 8 and a plurality of register switches 9 for setting tone colors of musical sounds played by the accompaniment unit 7. Each performance button 8 and each register switch 9 is also provided with a sensor to detect the operating state.

  When the performance state of the key 3 of the keyboard 2 is detected, performance information is sent to the sound source 24 (see FIG. 3), and a musical sound is generated or stopped from the sound source 24. The performance information is in a format defined by the MIDI standard. When the key 3 is pressed, the status indicating that the key is pressed, the MIDI channel, and the note indicating the pitch of the pressed key. A number and a note-on message (hereinafter referred to as auto-on) with a predetermined velocity value are formed. When the key 3 is released, the status indicating that the key is released, the MIDI channel, the note number indicating the pitch of the released key, and the velocity value are set to predetermined values. A note-off message (hereinafter referred to as auto-off) is formed.

  When the register switch 4 is operated, performance information indicating the tone color set in the turned on register switch 4 is sent to the sound source 24. The performance information instructing the tone color is a program change in the MIDI standard, and includes a status indicating that the tone color is instructed, a MIDI channel, and a program number.

  A bass or chord is assigned to a number of performance buttons 8 of the accompaniment section 7 played with the left hand, and these tone colors are selected and set by the register switch 9. When the performance button 8 for designating a chord is pressed, note-on corresponding to a plurality of sounds constituting the chord is sent to the sound source 24. For example, when the performance button 8 for instructing a chord of C major is pressed, three note-ons having note numbers C, E, and G are sent to the sound source.

  A bellows 6 (bellows) is provided between the right-hand keyboard 2 and the left-hand accompaniment section 7 as in the acoustic accordion, and an air pressure sensor 5 for detecting the pressure of the air inside the bellows 6 is provided. When the bellows 6 is operated in a direction in which the bellows 6 is compressed so that the internal volume of the bellows 6 is reduced, the air pressure inside the bellows 6 is higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the air in the bellows 6 is exhausted through the air valve 14. When the bellows 6 is operated in a direction in which the bellows 6 is extended so that the volume inside the bellows 6 is increased, the inside of the bellows 6 has an air pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, and external air flows through the air valve 14 and the bellows 6. 6 is inhaled.

  An opening button (not shown) is provided on the left-hand side, and the valve that mechanically opens the bellows 6 can be operated regardless of the state of the air valve 14. When the air valve 14 is closed and the key 3 or the performance button 8 is not pressed, the bellows 6 cannot be opened and closed. Therefore, a valve for mechanically opening the bellows 6 is provided. There is an open button to open. This is used when the bellows 6 is opened and closed at an arbitrary position, and is operated particularly when the performance is finished and the bellows 6 is closed.

  Note-on, note-off, and program change that are generated when the key 3 of the keyboard 2 is operated have a MIDI channel of 1, for example, and a chord MIDI channel that is generated when the accompaniment unit 7 is operated is 2 And the MIDI channel of the bass sound is set to 3.

  Further, the air pressure in the bellows 6 is detected by the air pressure sensor 5, and a MIDI standard control change that indicates the sound volume is used. In this case, the control change is transmitted to all MIDI channels set in the keyboard 2 and the accompaniment unit 7.

  Inside the right-hand keyboard 2 are an electric control circuit 12, a battery 11 for supplying electric power to the electric control circuit 12, a speaker 26, an air hole 19 for sucking or exhausting air in the bellows 6, and the air hole 19 And an air valve 14 for controlling the air flow path between the airflow and the bellows 6.

  FIG. 2 shows details of the air valve 14, FIG. 2 (a) is a perspective view showing the appearance of the air valve 14, and FIG. 2 (b) is a cross section showing the inside of the air valve 14. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the bellows 6 and the air valve 14 are communicated with each other by an air pipe 13, and the air valve 14 has a flow path 15 therein, and the air valve 14 is connected to the air hole 19. Communicate. The air hole 19 includes a mesh (not shown) formed of felt or the like on the inside of the mesh so as not to suck dust or dust.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (b), inside the air valve 14, a throttle 16 that opens and closes a flow path 15 having a circular cross section is installed rotatably about the diameter in the vertical direction of the circular flow path 15, The throttle 16 is formed by a disk along the inner circumference of the circular flow path 15. Therefore, when the circumference of the disk of the throttle 16 is installed at a position along the inner circumference of the flow path 15 (referred to as opening degree 0), the air valve 14 is closed, and from that position, the throttle The position where the valve 16 is rotated 90 degrees around the axis (referred to as an opening degree of 100) is the state where the valve is most opened. FIG. 2 (b) shows a state rotated approximately 45 degrees.

  The shaft of the throttle 16 is connected to the shaft of the pulse motor 17, and the throttle 16 can be driven at a predetermined angle by inputting one pulse to the pulse motor 17 in the opening direction or the closing direction.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the electronic accordion 1. The electronic accordion 1 includes a CPU 21, a ROM 22, a RAM 23, a pulse motor 17, a key 3 and a performance button 8, register switches 4 and 9, an air sensor 5, a sound source 24, an amplifier 25, and a speaker 26. It is comprised by. The CPU 21, ROM 22, RAM 23, sound source 24, and amplifier 25 are formed in the electric control circuit 12.

  The CPU 21 is a central processing unit and executes various programs stored in the ROM 22. The ROM 22 stores a control program and fixed value data that is referred to when the program is executed. The fixed value data includes a timbre parameter for setting a timbre assigned to each of the register switches 4 and 9, and for each timbre, how many leads are generated for one note is set.

  The CPU 21 has a built-in timer, and is configured to generate an interrupt to the CPU 21 when the set time is counted.

  The RAM 23 is an rewritable memory that has an area for storing various register groups required when the CPU 21 executes a control program, an area for storing flags, and the like, and can be accessed at random.

  The sound source 24 generates or stops a musical tone according to performance information such as note-on and note-off sent from the CPU 21, has a plurality of sound generation channels, and can simultaneously generate a plurality of musical sounds. The tone signal generated by the sound source 24 is amplified by the amplifier 25 and emitted by the speaker 26.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing main processing executed by the CPU 21. This process is repeated until the power is turned off after the electronic accordion 1 is turned on. When the power is turned on, first, initialization is performed (S1). In this initial setting, the flag is set to “pressure”. As for the opening degree of the air valve 14, the key opening degree and the pressure opening degree are set when the key 3 or the performance button 8 is operated, and the pressure opening degree is set when the pressure in the bellows 6 changes. The The opening degree of the air valve 14 is first controlled to reach the key opening degree, and after reaching the key opening degree, the opening degree is controlled to reach the pressure opening degree. When the control is performed so as to reach the key opening degree, this flag is set to “key”, and when the control is performed so as to reach the pressure opening degree, this flag is set to “pressure”.

  In the initial setting, the current opening degree and numerical aperture are set to zero. Here, the numerical aperture simulates the number of sound holes that are opened when the key 3 or the performance button 8 is operated, and the tone color selected by the register switch 4 when one key 3 of the keyboard 2 is pressed. Is one that uses one lead, the numerical aperture is increased by one. If the selected timbre uses two leads, the numerical aperture is increased by two. In the accompaniment section 7, if the performance button 8 for designating a chord is pressed and the tone selected by the register switch 9 uses one lead, the designated chord is composed of three tones. In this case, the numerical aperture is increased by 3, and if the timbre uses two leads, the numerical aperture is increased by 6.

  Next, it is detected whether any key 3 on the keyboard 2 or any performance button 8 on the accompaniment section 7 is operated (S2), and then the air pressure in the bellows 6 is detected by the air pressure sensor 5. (S3). Next, it is determined whether or not note-on occurs. If the air pressure in the bellows 6 is not equal to the atmospheric pressure and it is detected that any key 3 or the performance button 8 is pressed (S4: Yes), note-on is generated and transmitted to the sound source 24 (S5). ). When the sound source 24 receives note-on, the sound source 24 starts sounding a musical tone having a specified pitch at a predetermined level.

  In the process of S4, when it is determined that note-on does not occur (S4: No), or when the process of S5 is finished, it is determined whether or not note-off occurs (S6). When the air pressure in the bellows 6 becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure, a note-off for instructing to stop the generation of the musical sound is generated for all the musical sounds generated by the sound source 24, and the key 3 or the pressed key 3 or If any of the performance buttons 8 is released, note-off is generated for the musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the released key 3 or the performance button 8 (S6: Yes). The generated note-off is transmitted to the sound source 24 (S7). When the sound source 24 receives note-off, the sound source 24 stops generating a musical tone having a designated pitch.

  In the process of S6, when it is determined that note-off does not occur (S6: No), or when the process of S7 is completed, it is determined whether or not a control change is generated (S8). When the air pressure in the bellows 6 detected by the air pressure sensor 5 changes and a musical sound is generated by the sound source 24, a control change is generated (S8: Yes) and transmitted to the sound source 24 (S9). When receiving the control change, the sound source 24 changes the volume of the generated musical sound to the volume indicated by the control change.

  If it is determined in the process of S8 that no control change will occur (S8: No), or when the process of S9 is completed, it is detected whether or not the register switches 4 and 9 have been operated (S10), and a program change is generated It is determined whether or not to perform (S11).

  When a new tone color is designated by operating the register switch (S11: Yes), the program of the MIDI channel corresponding to the operated register switch 4 or 9 having a program number corresponding to the designated tone color is provided. The change is transmitted to the sound source 24 (S12).

  In the process of S11, when it is determined that a program change does not occur (S11: No), or when the process of S12 is completed, an air valve control process is performed (S13), and the process returns to S2. The air valve control process will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

  5 to 8 are flowcharts showing an air valve control process that is a process for setting the opening degree of the air valve 14 and the speed to the opening degree in accordance with the operation of the key 3, the performance button 8, and the bellows 6. FIG. 5 shows a process for setting the opening degree according to the operation of the key 3 or the performance button 8, and FIG. 6 shows a process for setting the opening degree according to the operation of the bellows 6. 7 and 8 show processing for controlling the speed at which the air valve 14 is opened and closed to the newly set opening degree by the timer interruption.

  First, the opening degree setting process will be described with reference to FIGS. First, it is determined whether or not note-on has occurred (S21). This note-on is a case where a note-on is generated in the process of S4 in the flowchart shown in FIG. When note-on occurs (S21: Yes), the numerical aperture is increased by α (S22). As described above, the number of leads in which a musical tone generated by one note-on is formed depends on the tone color selected by the register switch 4 or 9. If one musical tone is a timbre formed by one lead, α is 1. If one note is a timbre formed by two leads, α is 2.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in the determination process of S21 that note-on has not occurred (S21: No), it is determined whether note-off has occurred (S23). This note-off is a case where a note-off occurs in the process of S6 of the flowchart shown in FIG. When note-off occurs (S23: Yes), the numerical aperture is decreased by α. The value of α is as described above.

  When the numerical aperture is set in the processing of S22 and S24, the aperture is then set to a value obtained by multiplying the aperture ratio by the numerical aperture (S25). The opening ratio is the degree of opening corresponding to the air pressure per numerical aperture, and is stored in a table or the like according to the air pressure.

Next, it is determined whether the opening degree obtained in this way is greater than 100 (S26),
When larger than 100 (S26: Yes), the opening degree is set to 100 (S27). When the opening degree is not larger than 100 (S26: No) or after the process of S27, the key opening degree is set with reference to the step table according to the value of the opening degree, and the pressure opening degree is set to the key opening degree. (S28).

  This step table sets the rotation angle of the throttle 16 of the air valve 14 in accordance with the opening degree. The rotation angle of the throttle 16 is proportional to the number of pulses supplied to the pulse motor 17. Since the rotation angle is not proportional to the ease of air flow (the air flow rate when the air pressure is constant), the rotation angle is supplied to the pulse motor 17 according to the degree of opening so that the degree of opening and the ease of air flow are approximately proportional. It is the conversion table which sets the number of pulses to perform.

  Next, the pressure opening degree is set to the key opening degree (S28). The key opening degree and the pressure opening degree are mainly determined by the key opening degree set by the key 3 or the performance button 8 in order to simulate the reaction force acting on the bellows of the acoustic accordion, and mainly the change in air pressure inside the bellows 6. And the case where the opening degree is controlled by the key opening degree and the case where the opening degree is controlled by the pressure opening degree are different from each other.

  Following the processing of S28, it is determined whether or not the current opening degree, which is the current opening degree, is equal to the key opening degree (S29). If the current opening degree is not equal to the key opening degree (S29: No), the flag is set to “key” (S30), the timer interrupt is permitted (S31), and the opening degree setting process is terminated. If it is determined in S29 that the current opening degree is equal to the key opening degree (S29: Yes), the opening degree setting process is terminated.

  If no note-off has occurred in the determination process of S23 (S23: No), the opening degree setting process corresponding to the change in air pressure shown in FIG. 6 is performed. First, it is determined whether or not the air pressure in the bellows 6 detected by the air pressure sensor 5 has changed. If not changed (S41: No), the opening degree setting process is terminated. If the air pressure has changed (S41: Yes), it is determined whether the air pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure (air pressure = 0) (S42). If the air pressure is 0 (S42: Yes), it is determined whether or not the current numerical aperture is 0 (S43). The numerical aperture is set to a value greater than 0 if any key 3 or performance button 8 is pressed as described above. Therefore, when any key 3 or performance button 8 is not pressed, the numerical aperture is zero. When the numerical aperture is 0 (S43: Yes), the opening degree is set to 0 to completely close the air valve 14 (S44). On the other hand, when the numerical aperture is not 0, the opening degree is set to a predetermined minimum value other than 0. This is because, in an acoustic accordion, when a key or performance button is pressed, the check valve blocks the air flow path of the lead, but unlike the sound hole lid closing the sound hole, the check valve Since it does not completely close the sound hole, some air goes in and out. Setting the opening degree to the minimum value simulates such a state. When the opening degree is set in S44 or S45, the process proceeds to S51.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in the determination process of S42 that the air pressure is not 0 (S42: No), it is determined whether the opening degree is set to the minimum value (S46). When the opening degree is set to the minimum value (S46: Yes), it is determined whether or not the air pressure is larger than the threshold value (S47). If the air pressure is not larger than the threshold value (S47: No), the opening degree setting process is terminated. If the air pressure is larger than the threshold value (S47: Yes), the opening degree is set to a value obtained by multiplying the opening ratio by the numerical aperture. (S48). This threshold value is a state in which the check valve is closed when the degree of opening is minimum, and therefore corresponds to a pressure value for opening the check valve and allowing air to flow into the reed in the acoustic accordion. When it exceeds, it sets so that the air valve 14 may be opened.

  The calculation of S48 is the same as the process of S25 of the flowchart shown in FIG. Next, it is determined whether or not the opening degree thus obtained is greater than 100 (S49). If it is greater than 100 (S49: Yes), the opening degree is set to 100 (S50). When the opening degree is not larger than 100 (S49: No) or after the processing of S50, the pressure opening degree is set with reference to the step table according to the value of the opening degree (S51). Next, it is determined whether or not the current opening degree, which is the current opening degree, is equal to the pressure opening degree (S52). When the current opening degree is not equal to the pressure opening degree (S52: No), the timer interruption is permitted (S53), and the opening degree setting process is terminated. If it is determined in S52 that the current opening degree is equal to the pressure opening degree (S52: Yes), the opening degree setting process is terminated.

  Next, timer interrupt processing will be described with reference to FIGS. First, it is determined whether or not the flag is set to “key” (S61). When the flag is set to “key” (S61: Yes), it is determined whether the current opening degree is smaller than the key opening degree and not smaller than the pressure opening degree (S62). If the current opening degree is not smaller than the key opening degree or smaller than the pressure opening degree (S62: No), it is determined whether the current opening degree is larger than the key opening degree and not larger than the pressure opening degree (S63). . When the current opening degree is smaller than the key opening degree and not smaller than the pressure opening degree (S62: Yes), or when the current opening degree is larger than the key opening degree and not larger than the pressure opening degree (S63: Yes), The flag is set to “pressure” (S64), and the process proceeds to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  If the current opening degree is not larger than the key opening degree or larger than the pressure opening degree in the determination processing of S63 (S63: No), it is determined whether or not the current opening degree is larger than the key opening degree (S65). When the current opening degree is larger than the key opening degree (S65: Yes), one pulse is set in the pulse motor 17 in the direction of closing the air valve 14, and 1 is subtracted from the current opening degree (S66).

  If it is determined in S65 that the current opening degree is not larger than the key opening degree (S65: No), it is next determined whether or not the current opening degree is smaller than the key opening degree (S67). When the current opening degree is smaller than the key opening degree (S67: Yes), 1 pulse is set in the pulse motor 17 in the direction to open the air valve 14, and the current opening degree is increased by 1 (S68).

  After the process of S66 and the process of S68, a constant value is set in the timer and the interrupt process is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined in S67 that the current opening degree is not smaller than the key opening degree (S67: No), the flag is set to “pressure” and the timer interruption is prohibited (S70). finish.

  Therefore, when the air valve 14 is opened / closed by this key opening degree, the speed at which the air valve 14 is opened / closed is the same and constant magnitude both when it is opened and when it is closed.

  If it is determined in S61 that the flag is not set to “key” (S61: No), and if the flag is set to “pressure” in S64, the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. move on.

  First, it is determined whether or not the current opening degree is larger than the pressure opening degree (S71). When the current opening degree is larger than the pressure opening degree (S71: Yes), it is the time for the pulse motor 17 to set one pulse in the direction in which the air valve 14 is closed, subtract 1 from the current opening degree, and set to the timer. The width is set to a value corresponding to the air pressure when controlling the air valve 14 in the closing direction (S72). When the current opening degree is not larger than the pressure opening degree (S71: No), it is determined whether or not the current opening degree is smaller than the pressure opening degree (S73). When the current opening degree is smaller than the pressure opening degree (S73: Yes), the pulse motor 17 is set to one pulse in the direction to open the air valve 14, and the current opening degree is increased by one and set to the timer. A certain width is set to a value corresponding to the air pressure when controlling the air valve 14 in the opening direction (S74).

  When the processes of S72 and S74 are completed, the set with value is set in the timer and the process is terminated.

  Therefore, when the opening / closing of the air valve 14 is controlled by the air pressure, the speed is different between the case where the air valve 14 is opened and the case where the air valve 14 is closed, and the speed varies depending on the magnitude of the air pressure. Also the speed is different.

  As described above, according to the above embodiment, the opening degree is set not only by the numerical aperture by the operation of the key 3 or the performance button 8, but also by the air pressure in the bellows 6, so that the bellows of the acoustic accordion can be further increased. It can be approximated to behavior. Further, a new opening degree is set by operating the key 3, the performance button 8 and the bellows 6, and the speed of moving the air valve 14 from the current opening degree to the newly set opening degree is set. It can be more closely approximated to the behavior of the bellows of an acoustic accordion.

  The opening degree setting means described in claim 1 corresponds to the processing of S25 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 and S48 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 6, and the control means corresponds to S66 in the flowchart shown in FIG. S68 corresponds to the processing of S72 and S74 in the flowchart shown in FIG. Further, the key depression state detecting means according to claim 3 corresponds to the processing of S2 in the flowchart shown in FIG. The speed setting means described in claim 6 corresponds to the processes of S66, S68, S69 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 and S72, S74, S75 of the flowchart shown in FIG.

  The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be easily made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Can be inferred.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the opening degree and the speed are determined by the operation of the pressed key 3, the performance button 8, and the bellows 6, but the player has parameters that can be arbitrarily set. Thus, the opening degree and speed may be set. For example, in S25 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 5, the opening degree is assumed to be a value obtained by multiplying the opening ratio by the numerical aperture, but the opening degree is set by the performer and the opening ratio. When the coefficient set by the performer is greater than 1, the opening degree is set to be larger, and when the coefficient set by the performer is less than 1, the opening degree is Set small. In this way, a player with weak power can set the coefficient large, and a player with strong power can set the optimum operability of the bellows 6 by setting the coefficient small.

  In the acoustic accordion, the lead shape and the like differ depending on the pitch, so that the opening degree and the opening / closing speed may differ depending on the pitch specified by the key 3 or the performance button 8 of the keyboard. Since the lead having a low pitch is long, the amplitude at the tip of the lead increases and the size of the opening increases. In addition, since the lead having a low pitch has a long length, the lead starts vibration at a low air pressure. However, since the lead having a low pitch has a short length, the lead does not start vibrating unless the air pressure is increased to some extent.

  Further, in the acoustic accordion, the lead shape, material, and the like differ depending on the tone color, so that the opening degree and the opening / closing speed may differ depending on the tone color specified by the register switches 4 and 9. Leads have different shapes and materials depending on the manufacturer and model, and their vibrations are different. As for the material, aluminum is usually used, and super-hard aluminum alloy is used for high-quality materials, producing a clear sound, and the state of vibration is different from normal aluminum, so the state is simulated. You may make it do.

It is an external view which shows the external appearance of the electronic accordion by this invention. It is a figure which shows an air valve, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of an air valve, (b) is a schematic diagram inside an air valve. It is a block diagram which shows the electric constitution of an electronic accordion. It is a flowchart which shows a main process. It is a flowchart which shows the process which sets an opening degree. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the continuation of the process shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows a timer interruption process. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the continuation of the process shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Electronic musical instrument (electronic accordion)
2 Keyboard (Keyboard part)
3 keys (keyboard controls)
4, 9 Register switch 5 Air pressure sensor 6 Bellows 7 Accompaniment part (keyboard part)
8 Performance buttons (keyboard controls)
14 Air valve 21 CPU
23 RAM
24 sound source

Claims (11)

Detected by the pitch of a musical tone and a keyboard portion having a plurality of operators for instructing generation and stop of the musical tone, a bellows for sucking or discharging air, an air pressure sensor for detecting air pressure in the bellows, and the air pressure sensor In an electronic accordion equipped with a sound source that forms a musical tone of a pitch specified by an operator of the keyboard unit according to the air pressure
An air valve that adjusts an opening degree of an air hole that sucks air into the bellows or discharges air inside the bellows;
An opening degree setting means for setting an opening degree of the air valve in accordance with the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor;
An electronic accordion comprising: control means for controlling the air valve in accordance with the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means.   2. The opening degree setting means sets the opening degree in accordance with a case where an air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is larger than an atmospheric pressure and a case where the air pressure is smaller than an atmospheric pressure. Electronic accordion. Comprising a key-pressing state detecting means for detecting a state in which the operator of the keyboard part is operated;
The opening degree setting means sets the opening degree of the air valve according to the key depression state detected by the key depression state detection means and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor. The electronic accordion according to claim 1 or 2. The opening degree setting means closes the air valve when the number of key depressions detected by the key depression state detection means is 0, the number of key depressions is 1 or more, and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is If it is detected that the pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the opening degree of the air valve is set to a minimum opening degree greater than 0,
When the number of key depressions detected by the key depression state detecting means is 1 or more and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is a predetermined value, the opening degree is set larger than the minimum opening degree. The electronic accordion according to claim 3.   The electronic accordion according to claim 4, wherein the opening degree setting means changes the opening degree of the air valve when the air pressure exceeds a predetermined value. Detected by the pitch of a musical tone and a keyboard portion having a plurality of operators for instructing generation and stop of the musical tone, a bellows for sucking or discharging air, an air pressure sensor for detecting air pressure in the bellows, and the air pressure sensor In an electronic accordion equipped with a sound source that forms a musical tone of a pitch specified by an operator of the keyboard unit according to the air pressure
An air valve that adjusts an opening degree of an air hole that sucks air into the bellows or discharges air inside the bellows;
A key-pressing state detecting means for detecting a state in which the operator of the keyboard part is operated;
An opening degree setting means for setting an opening degree of the air valve in accordance with the key depression state detected by the key depression state detection means;
Speed setting means for setting a speed at which the opening degree is changed to the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means;
An electronic accordion comprising: control means for controlling the air valve in accordance with the opening degree set by the opening degree setting means and the speed set by the speed setting means. The opening degree setting means sets a first opening degree according to the key pressing state and the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor when the key pressing state detecting means detects that the key pressing state has changed. When the key depression state is constant and it is detected that the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor has changed, the second opening degree is set,
The speed setting means sets a first speed for changing the opening degree to the first opening degree set by the opening degree setting means, and the opening degree of the air valve is set by the opening degree setting means. After reaching degrees, set a second speed,
The control means controls the air valve at the first speed to the first opening degree while the key pressing state detected by the key pressing state detecting means does not change, and the opening degree of the air valve is the first opening degree. 7. The electronic accordion according to claim 6, wherein the air valve is controlled at a second speed until the second opening degree is reached.   The electronic accordion according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the speed setting means sets a speed when increasing the aperture and a speed when decreasing the aperture.   9. The speed setting unit according to claim 8, wherein when the opening degree is increased, the speed is set according to an air pressure detected by the air sensor, and when the opening degree is decreased, a constant speed is set. Electronic accordion.   When the opening degree is increased, the speed setting means increases the speed as the air pressure detected by the air sensor increases. When the opening degree is decreased, the speed setting means increases as the air pressure detected by the air sensor increases. 9. The electronic accordion according to claim 8, wherein the speed is set small. The speed setting means sets the speed according to whether the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is greater than atmospheric pressure or less than atmospheric pressure. Electronic accordion according to any one of the above.

Images