JP4376285B2 - Mixed air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mix type air conditioner.

  Conventionally, air-conditioning in large spaces such as factories, large stores, supermarkets, and gymnasiums has been air-conditioning for the entire building with a cold / hot water central air conditioner such as an air handling unit. In this cold / hot water central air conditioner, the return air is heat-exchanged with the heat source water via a cold / hot water coil to supply air, thereby circulating air conditioning. However, in order to perform air conditioning with only the cold / hot water coil, it must be operated with high exergy heat source water (for example, cold water 7 ° C., hot water 60 ° C.) that matches the peak load in summer and winter. The capacity of the heat source device is necessary, and the surplus energy ratio that is not used for air conditioning increases (that is, the operation loss increases) as the peak load is reduced to a low load, which increases the operation cost of the heat source device. Furthermore, in the entire building air conditioning, for example, air conditioning was wasted to the area where no air conditioning was required, such as the vicinity of the ceiling or a part where no people were present, and energy saving could not be achieved.

JP-A-4-174225 JP-A-9-105539 JP-A-63-233244

  Further, in such an air conditioner, for example, in the case of a cooling operation in summer, the humidity of the supply air cannot be controlled unless it is reheated after cooling and dehumidification. It is necessary to run cold water and hot water separately. In such a four-pipe heat source water circuit, the piping distance is long and equipment costs are required, and cold water and hot water need to be made at the same time.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a mixed-type air conditioner that circulates air in an air-conditioned zone in a large indoor space and performs air conditioning, and heats the return air sucked from the air-conditioned zone with low exergy cold / hot water. Chilled / hot water side unit provided with a chilled / hot water coil to be exchanged, and a heat pump side unit provided with an air heat exchanger for air supply for exchanging heat of the return air sucked from the air-conditioned zone with a circulating refrigerant of a heat pump for a compression air heat source And a blowout unit that mixes the return return air of the cold / hot water coil and the return return air of the air supply air heat exchanger and blows out to the air-conditioned zone, the water flow rate of the cold / hot water coil, and the heat pump And a control means for controlling the compressor capacity of the compressor.

According to invention of Claim 1 and 2,
(1) Energy-saving air conditioning can be performed by selectively operating one or both of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the heat pump 14 by the control means 23 according to the load condition of the air conditioning. For example, only the cold / hot water coil 4 is operated at a low load, the heat pump 14 or the cold / hot water coil 4 is operated at a normal load, and both the heat pump 14 and the cold / hot water coil 4 are operated at a peak load. Since the heat source water of the cold / hot water coil 4 is low exergy cold / hot water, there is less operation loss at low loads such as in the intermediate period, and a heat source device with a smaller capacity than that for producing high exergy cold / hot water can be used. Can be suppressed.
(2) In the case of the cooling operation in summer, the dehumidified air cooled and dehumidified by the air supply heat exchanger 15 of the heat pump 14 and the air dried and cooled by the cold / hot water coil 4 (higher than the dehumidified air) By mixing at a predetermined ratio, the temperature and humidity of the supply air can be controlled without reheating. Since the sensible heat load and latent heat load are processed separately, energy is not required for extra cooling and reheating, saving energy, and it is only necessary to flow cold water.

  According to invention of Claim 2, since it is the heat pump 14 for compression-type water heat sources, low exergy cold / hot water can be shared as heat source water of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the heat pump 14, and installation cost and operation cost can be reduced.

According to the invention of claim 3,
(1) Since the low exergy cold / hot water can be shared as the heat source water of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the heat source water heat exchanger 27 of the heat pump 14, the equipment cost and the operation cost can be reduced.
(2) Since the heat source water whose temperature has been changed by the heat exchange in the cold / hot water coil 4 can be continuously exchanged in the heat source water heat exchanger 27 and the temperature change of the heat source water can be expanded more than usual, in the heat source device The temperature difference between the return and return of the heat source water is increased, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat source device is improved, and energy is saved.
(3) Since the flow rate control mechanism 29 is provided, even if there is a change in the amount of water in the cold / hot water coil 4, the heat source water heat exchanger 27 of the heat pump 14 has a constant amount of water and can perform a stable operation without unevenness in performance.

According to the invention of claim 4,
(1) In the large indoor space, the air outlet 22, the cold / hot water side inlet 8 and the heat pump side inlet 13 are separated from each other according to the width of the zone where air conditioning is required. Comfortable air conditioning is possible by circulating air. For example, unnecessary air-conditioning to areas where no air conditioning is required, such as the vicinity of the ceiling or unoccupied parts, is eliminated, and the necessary heat source capacity is reduced, so that downsizing and energy saving can be achieved.
(2) Since the cold / hot water side suction port 8 and the heat-pump side suction port 13 are extended to the left and right with respect to the air outlet 22, a single air-conditioning required zone can be covered over a wide area, and the cost can be reduced.
(3) Since the cold / hot water side unit 1, the blow-out unit 3 and the heat-pump side unit 2 are slim horizontally long, they do not take up an installation area and can save space.

According to the invention of claim 5,
(1) The air outlet 22, the cold / hot water side inlet 8 and the heat pump side inlet 13 are separated from each other in accordance with the height and width of the zone requiring air conditioning in the large indoor space, and the air-conditioned zone A Comfortable air conditioning is possible by circulating air inside. For example, unnecessary air-conditioning to areas where no air conditioning is required, such as the vicinity of the ceiling or unoccupied parts, is eliminated, and the necessary heat source capacity is reduced, so that downsizing and energy saving can be achieved.
(2) Since the heat pump side suction port 13 and the cold / hot water side suction port 8 are spread vertically and horizontally with respect to the air outlet 22, a single air-conditioning required zone can be covered over a wide area, and the cost can be reduced.
(3) Since the air conditioner has an inverted L shape, the dead space can be effectively utilized by installing it in a corner of a building, for example. Moreover, since the cold / hot water unit 1, the blowout unit 3, and the heat-pump unit 2 are slim horizontally long and vertically long, they do not take up an installation area and can save space.

  According to the invention of claim 6, a natural energy heat source body such as groundwater or a river is passed through the cold / hot water coil 4 or the heat source water heat exchanger 27 to be directly used as low exergy cold / hot water, Natural heat sources such as rivers and snow, and the heat source water of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the heat source water heat exchanger 27 can be indirectly used as low exergy cold / hot water by exchanging heat through various heat exchangers. . Therefore, the heat source device of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the heat source water heat exchanger 27 becomes unnecessary, and the cost of equipment and operation can be greatly reduced.

  According to the invention of claim 7, since the pressure loss is reduced and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, a small blower can be used and noise can be reduced. The air heat exchanger 15 for supply air can also be reduced in size and the air conditioner can be reduced in size.

  1 to 4 show an embodiment of a mixed air conditioner according to the present invention, in which air is circulated in an air-conditioned zone A in a large indoor space and is installed on a wall surface, a beam, a ceiling, or the like. The This air conditioner includes a cold / hot water side unit 1, a heat-pon side unit 2, a blowout unit 3, an air heat source unit 32, and a control means 23. Solid and dotted white arrows indicate the wind direction.

  A cold / hot water inlet 8 for sucking return air is provided in front of the left / right horizontally long cold / hot water unit 1. Inside the cold / hot water side unit 1, there are a cold / hot water coil 4 that exchanges heat so that the return air sucked from the air-conditioned zone A can be cooled and switched with low exergy cold / hot water, and the return return air of the cold / hot water coil 4. At least a cold / hot water blower 5 that blows air to the blowout unit 3. In the present invention, low exergy cold / warm water refers to heat source water in a predetermined temperature range where the maximum energy that can be used for conversion is low, for example, in the water temperature range of 15 to 30 ° C., on the low temperature side of this range. Cold water is used for cooling, and hot water on the high temperature side is used for heating. On the other hand, heat source water having high maximum energy that can be used for conversion is called high exergy cold / hot water, for example, cold water 7 ° C. and hot water 60 ° C.

  The cold / hot water coil 4 is connected to the heat source water circuit 10 via the flow control valve 9. The heat source water circuit 10 is connected to a heat source device such as a chiller that cools or heats the heat source water to a predetermined temperature to produce low exergy cold / hot water (not shown), and passes the low exergy cold / hot water through the cold / hot water coil 4. To do. Alternatively, a natural energy heat source such as groundwater or a river is passed through the cold / hot water coil 4 and directly used as low-exergy cold / hot water, or a natural energy heat source such as groundwater, river, or snow and the cold / hot water coil 4 are used. The heat source water is indirectly used as low-exergy cold / hot water by exchanging heat through various heat exchangers. In addition, heat source water used in other air conditioners will be reused as low exergy cold / hot water.

  A heat pump side suction port 13 for sucking return air is provided in front of the horizontally long heat pump side unit 2. The heat pump side unit 2 includes an air supply air heat exchanger 15 for exchanging heat so that the return air sucked from the air-conditioned zone A can be cooled and switched by the circulating refrigerant of the heat pump 14 for compressed air heat source, At least a heat-pump-side blower 16 that blows the return air of the air heat exchanger 15 to the blowing unit 3 is provided.

  The heat pump 14 repeats the compression / condensation / expansion / evaporation process sequence with respect to the circulating refrigerant, and heat absorption is performed in the refrigerant condensing process with respect to the supply air and heat source air for heat exchange with the circulating refrigerant in the refrigerant condensing process. Each of which performs heat dissipation, and is an air heat exchanger 15 for supply air and an air heat exchanger 17 for heat source that perform the steps of evaporating and condensing the circulating refrigerant and different processes, and the capacity control for compressing the circulating refrigerant is freely controllable. Refrigerant flow path switching such as a valve for switching the evaporation process and the condensation process of the compressor 18, a decompression mechanism 19 such as an expansion valve for expanding circulating refrigerant, and the air heat exchanger 15 for supply air and the air heat exchanger 17 for heat source And at least a mechanism 20, and these are connected by piping so that the refrigerant circulates.

  The air heat source unit 32 includes at least the compressor 18, the heat source air heat exchanger 17, the blower 33 that blows the heat source air to the heat source air heat exchanger 17, and the refrigerant flow switching mechanism 20. Yes. In the example shown in the figure, the heat pump 14 and other components are separated into the air heat source unit 32 and the heat-pump unit 2, but they can be integrated into a single unit. The heat transfer tubes of the cold / hot water coil 4, the air heat exchanger 15 for supply air, and the air heat exchanger 17 for heat source 17 are preferably low-pressure-loss elliptical tubes, but may be circular tubes.

  The left and right horizontally long blowing unit 3 mixes the return return air of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the return return air of the air supply air heat exchanger 15 and blows them out to the air-conditioned zone A. Ducts 7 are connected to the left and right, respectively. A blow-out port 22 for blowing the mixed air to the air-conditioned zone A is provided in front of the casing 21 of the blow-out unit 3. In the illustrated example, the air outlet 22 is configured such that a plurality of nozzle-shaped pan culavers that can change the air blowing direction are arranged side by side so that the air flow width is horizontally long, but the air flow width is not illustrated. Various configuration changes such as a grill-type outlet are possible. One of the heat pump side unit 2 and the cold / hot water side unit 1 is turned leftward with respect to the blow unit 3 so that the blow unit 3, the cold / hot water side unit 1 and the heat pump side unit 2 have a horizontal character when viewed from the front side. And the other is shifted in the right direction to communicate with each other, and the air outlet 22, the cold / hot water side suction port 8 and the heat pump side suction port 13 are separated from each other by a predetermined width W according to the width of the air-conditioned zone A.

  The control means 23 controls the water flow rate of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the compressor capacity of the heat pump 14 so that the detected temperature / humidity of the return air or the supply air becomes the set temperature / humidity. The control means 23 includes a setter 24 for setting the temperature / humidity of the return air or supply air, a detector 25 for detecting the temperature / humidity of the return air or supply air, and compression so that the detected temperature / humidity becomes the set temperature / humidity. A controller 26 that outputs a capacity increase / decrease signal to the machine 18 and a flow rate increase / decrease signal to the flow control valve 9. The compressor 18 and the flow rate control valve 9 are preferably a proportional control type or a step control type, but may be an ON-OFF type.

  When the operation method of the air conditioner of the present invention is illustrated, the return air is cooled or cooled by both the cold / hot water coil 4 and the supply air heat exchanger 15 at the peak load according to the temperature and humidity set by the setting device 24. After heating, both airs are mixed and supplied to the air-conditioned zone A for circulation air conditioning. Under normal load, water flow through the cold / hot water coil 4 is stopped, and the return air is cooled or heated only by the air supply air heat exchanger 15 to supply air to the air-conditioned zone A for air conditioning. When the load is low, the compressor 18 is stopped, and the return air is cooled or heated only by the cold / hot water coil 4 to supply air to the air-conditioned zone A for air conditioning. When the cold / hot water coil 4 and the air supply air heat exchanger 15 are operated on one side, the stop side only blows air so as to eliminate temperature unevenness in the air-conditioned zone A. Further, when cooling operation is performed with a normal load in summer, the dehumidified air obtained by cooling and dehumidifying the return air with the air heat exchanger 15 for supplying air of the heat pump 14, the air dried and cooled with the cold / hot water coil 4, Is mixed at a predetermined ratio, the same effect as reheating the dehumidified air having a lower temperature and lower humidity with the dry and cooled air can be obtained, and the supply air can be controlled in temperature and humidity.

  5 to 8 are embodiments in which the heat pump 14 is used for a compression type water heat source in the embodiment of FIG. The vertically long heatpon side unit 2 is formed by connecting the casing 11 and the chamber 34 through the duct 12 and is connected to the blowout unit 3 so as to have an inverted L shape when viewed from the front side. One side of the water side unit 1 is shifted leftward and the other side is shifted rightward so as to communicate with each other, and the air outlet 22 and the cold / hot water side inlet 8 are separated by a predetermined width W according to the height and width of the air-conditioned zone A. And the blower outlet 22 and the heat pump side suction inlet 13 are spaced apart by the predetermined height H and the predetermined lateral width W. The heat-pump unit 2 is installed on the floor, and the blowout unit 3 and the cold / hot water unit 1 are installed on a wall surface, a beam, a ceiling, or the like.

  The heat pump 14 includes a supply air air heat exchanger 15 and a heat source water heat exchanger 27 that perform the steps of evaporating and condensing the circulating refrigerant, which are different from each other, and a capacity-controllable compressor 18 that compresses the circulating refrigerant. A decompression mechanism 19 such as an expansion valve for expanding the circulating refrigerant, and a refrigerant flow path switching mechanism 20 such as a valve for switching the evaporation process and the condensation process of the air heat exchanger 15 for supply air and the water heat exchanger 27 for heat source. At least, these are connected by piping so that the refrigerant circulates. In the example shown in the figure, the heat pump side unit 2 is integrated with all components such as the heat pump 14, but the components such as the heat pump 14 may be separated into a plurality of units. The cold / hot water coil 4 and the heat source water heat exchanger 27 are connected in parallel to the heat source water circuit 10 and low exergy cold / hot water is passed through both as the heat source water. Only the low exergy cold / hot water is allowed to flow, and the heat source water heat exchanger 27 is allowed to pass the heat source water from other heat source devices. The other configuration is the same as that of the above embodiment, and the description is omitted.

  FIG. 9 shows a configuration in which the low exergy cold / hot water after passing through the cold / hot water coil 4 is piped in series so as to pass through the heat source water heat exchanger 27 of the heat pump 14 in the embodiment of FIG. In addition, a flow rate control mechanism 29 for controlling the flow rate of the heat source water heat exchanger 27 by bypassing part or all of the low exergy cold / hot water to the cold / hot water coil 4 is provided. The flow rate control mechanism 29 includes a bypass flow path 30 that bypasses the heat source water inlet / outlet of the cold / hot water coil 4 and a flow rate adjustment valve 31 such as a three-way valve, but the configuration can be freely changed. The other configuration is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. When both the cold / hot water coil 4 and the heat pump 14 are operated, the temperature difference of the heat source water inlet / outlet of the heat source water heat exchanger 27 of the heat pump 14 is added to the temperature difference of the heat source water inlet / outlet of the cold / hot water coil 4, and The return temperature difference becomes more than double the normal (for example, Δt 10 ° C. or more).

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the design can be freely changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. Although not shown, the duct 7 of the blowing unit 3 of each of the above embodiments and the duct 12 of the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 9 are omitted, and the heat pump side unit 2, the blowing unit 3, and the cold / hot water side unit 1 are omitted. Direct connection is also free. Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the heat pump side unit 2 is vertically long and one of the heat pump side unit 2 and the cold / hot water side unit 1 with respect to the blowing unit 3 so as to have an inverted L shape when viewed from the front side. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the heat pump side unit 2 is made to be horizontally long and blown out so as to be a single horizontal character when viewed from the front side. One of the heat pump side unit 2 and the cold / hot water side unit 1 can be shifted to the left and the other can be shifted to the right and connected to the unit 3 in a free manner. Further, the control means 23 detects a setting device 24 that controls the flow rate of the cold / hot water coil 4 and the capacity of the compressor 18 of the heat pump 14 so that the detected temperature of the return air or the supply air becomes the set temperature. The device 25 and the controller 26 can be configured freely.

The front view which shows one Example of this invention. FIG. The same side view. The simplified explanatory drawing of the heat pump for the compression type air heat sources. The front view which shows the other Example of this invention. FIG. The same side view. The simplification explanatory drawing of the heat pump for the compression type water heat sources. The front view which shows another Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cold / hot water side unit 2 Heaton side unit 3 Outlet unit 4 Cold / hot water coil 8 Cold / hot water side inlet 13 Heaton side inlet 14 Heat pump 15 Supply air heat exchanger 22 Outlet 23 Control means 27 Heat source water heat exchanger 29 Flow control mechanism A Air-conditioned zone H Height W Width

Claims (7)

  Chilled / warm water for air conditioning by circulating air in an air conditioned zone (A) in a large indoor space, where the return air sucked from the air conditioned zone (A) is heat-exchanged with low exergy cold / warm water Cooling / hot water side unit (1) provided with a coil (4) and air heat for air supply for exchanging heat between the return air sucked from the air-conditioned zone (A) with the circulating refrigerant of the heat pump (14) for the compression air heat source The heat return side unit (2) provided with the exchanger (15), the passage return air of the cold / hot water coil (4) and the passage return air of the air supply air heat exchanger (15) are mixed together to mix the covered air. A blow-out unit (3) for blowing into the air-conditioning zone (A), and a control means (23) for controlling the flow rate of the cold / hot water coil (4) and the compressor capacity of the heat pump (14). A mixed air conditioner characterized by this.   Chilled / warm water for air conditioning by circulating air in an air conditioned zone (A) in a large indoor space, where the return air sucked from the air conditioned zone (A) is heat-exchanged with low exergy cold / warm water Cooling / hot water unit (1) provided with a coil (4), and air heat for supply air that exchanges heat between the return air sucked from the air-conditioned zone (A) with the circulating refrigerant of the heat pump (14) for a compressible water heat source The heat return side unit (2) provided with the exchanger (15), the passage return air of the cold / hot water coil (4) and the passage return air of the air supply air heat exchanger (15) are mixed together to mix the covered air. A blow-out unit (3) for blowing into the air-conditioning zone (A), and a control means (23) for controlling the flow rate of the cold / hot water coil (4) and the compressor capacity of the heat pump (14). A mixed air conditioner characterized by this.   The low-exergy cold / hot water that has passed through the cold / hot water coil (4) is supplied as heat source water to the heat source water heat exchanger (27) of the compression-type water heat source heat pump (14). The mixed air conditioning according to claim 2, further comprising a flow rate control mechanism (29) for bypassing low exergy cold / hot water to the water coil (4) to control the flow rate of the water heat exchanger (27) for the heat source. Machine.   While providing a blower outlet (22) in front of the left and right horizontally long blown unit (3), and providing a cold and hot water side suction port (8) for sucking return air in front of the right and left horizontally long cold and hot water side unit (1), A heat pump side suction port (13) for sucking return air is provided in front of the left and right horizontally long heat pump side unit (2), and the heat pump is connected to the blow-out unit (3) so as to form a horizontal character when viewed from the front side. One of the side unit (2) and the cold / hot water side unit (1) is shifted in the left direction and the other is shifted in the right direction so as to communicate with each other, and the air outlet (22) and the cold / hot water side suction port (8) The mixed air conditioner according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the heat pump side suction port (13) is spaced apart by a predetermined width (W).   While providing a blower outlet (22) in front of the left and right horizontally long blown unit (3), and providing a cold and hot water side suction port (8) for sucking return air in front of the right and left horizontally long cold and hot water side unit (1), A heat pump side suction port (13) for sucking return air is provided in front of the vertically long heat pump side unit (2), and the above-mentioned blowing unit (3) is arranged in an inverted L shape when viewed from the front side. One of the heat pump side unit (2) and the cold / hot water side unit (1) is shifted in the left direction and the other is shifted in the right direction so as to communicate with each other to connect the air outlet (22) and the cold / hot water side suction port (8). 4. The mix according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the air outlet is separated by a predetermined width (W) and the air outlet (22) and the heat pump side suction port (13) are separated by a predetermined height (H) and a predetermined width (W). Air conditioner.   The mixed air conditioner according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the natural energy heat source is used directly or indirectly as low exergy cold / hot water.   The mixed air conditioner according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the heat transfer tubes of the cold / hot water coil (4) and the air heat exchanger (15) for supply air are elliptical tubes.

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