JP4343048B2 - Rooftop greening method and apparatus - Google Patents

Rooftop greening method and apparatus Download PDF

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JP4343048B2
JP4343048B2 JP2004199874A JP2004199874A JP4343048B2 JP 4343048 B2 JP4343048 B2 JP 4343048B2 JP 2004199874 A JP2004199874 A JP 2004199874A JP 2004199874 A JP2004199874 A JP 2004199874A JP 4343048 B2 JP4343048 B2 JP 4343048B2
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vegetation
rooftop
rooftop greening
tubular body
building
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JP2006020542A (en
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和司 平岡
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32Roof garden systems

Description

本発明は、屋上の緑化装置および緑化方法に関し、さらに詳細には、たとえば、建物の屋上および屋根などの表面の上方に植生を繁茂させるようにした緑化装置および緑化方法に係る。  The present invention relates to a rooftop greening device and a greening method, and more particularly, to a greening device and a greening method in which vegetation grows above surfaces such as rooftops and roofs of buildings.

近時、大都市の中心部などにおいて、冷暖房設備からの排気、自動車の排気ガスおよび道路の舗装面からの熱線などの反射などにより気温が局部的に著しく上昇する、所謂、ヒートアイランド現象を防止するために、また、大気中の炭酸ガスの量を減少せしめるために、さらには冷房用電力の節減のために、たとえば、ビルの屋上で各種の植生を栽培する、所謂、屋上緑化が提唱され、一部の自治体においては既に法制化され、また、法制化される気運が高まりつつある。   Recently, in the center of a large city, the so-called heat island phenomenon, in which the temperature rises significantly locally due to the reflection of exhaust from air conditioning equipment, automobile exhaust gas, and heat rays from the pavement surface of the road, is prevented. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and further to reduce power consumption for cooling, for example, so-called rooftop greening is proposed in which various vegetation is cultivated on the rooftop of a building, Some local governments have already been legislated, and there is a growing tendency to be legislated.

しかしながら、このようなビルの屋上での緑化には、たとえば、下記(1)〜(4)のような問題点があった。(1)軽量土壌およびベンケイソウ科に属する多肉植物であるセダムなどのような特別の資材ならびに排水設備などを使用しなければならない。(2)ビルの屋上においては空調設備、変電設備、貯水槽および消火剤槽などの種々の設備が設置されており、さらには歩行のための通路を設けなければならず、このような箇所は緑化することができないために、緑化される場所が制限され、緑化されない箇所においては、直接、太陽光が照射して高温に達し、この高温が伝導するために屋上および屋内の温度が上昇する。(3)植生への毎日の潅水が必要であり、さらに、潅水された水分などが屋上の亀裂などから屋内へ漏水する。(4)屋上の亀裂などからの屋内への漏水を防止するためには、屋上に、ゴム製や合成樹脂製のフィルム乃至シートを防水材として敷かなければない。   However, greening on the roof of such a building has the following problems (1) to (4), for example. (1) Lightweight soils and special materials such as sedum, a succulent plant belonging to the family Nymphalidae, and drainage facilities must be used. (2) On the roof of the building, various facilities such as air conditioning equipment, substation equipment, water storage tanks and fire extinguisher tanks are installed, and a passage for walking must be provided. Since it cannot be greened, the place where it is greened is limited, and in the part where it is not greened, sunlight is directly irradiated and reaches a high temperature, and this high temperature is conducted, so that the temperature on the rooftop and indoors rises. (3) Daily irrigation of the vegetation is necessary, and the irrigated water leaks indoors from cracks on the roof. (4) In order to prevent water leaking indoors from cracks on the roof, a film or sheet made of rubber or synthetic resin must be laid as a waterproof material on the roof.

このような問題点を回避するための屋上緑化方法および屋上緑化装置は、既に、幾つか提案されている。すなわち、たとえば、特開平9−140252号公報においては、建物の緑化区域を覆ってパーゴラ等の棚を造るとともに、該棚に対して該屋上の適宜箇所にプランターを設備し、該プランターに植栽したつる植物の枝葉を誘引して屋上を緑化するようにしたことを特徴とする屋上緑化方法が開示されている。   Several rooftop greening methods and rooftop greening devices for avoiding such problems have already been proposed. That is, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-140252, a shelf such as a pergola is built to cover a greening area of a building, and a planter is installed at an appropriate location on the roof with respect to the shelf, and planted in the planter A rooftop greening method characterized by attracting branches and leaves of a vine plant to greenen the rooftop is disclosed.

また、特開2002−38663号公報においては、屋根の上に複数の支柱を立て、それらの支柱間に架け渡した骨組材を支持部材として植栽を施してなることを特徴とする屋上の緑化装置が開示されている。しかして、この屋上の緑化装置においては屋上の上に設置したプランターにおいて落葉性の蔓性植物が栽培されている。   Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-38663 discloses a rooftop greening characterized in that a plurality of pillars are set up on a roof and planted with a frame material spanned between the pillars as a support member. An apparatus is disclosed. In this rooftop greening device, deciduous vines are cultivated in planters installed on the rooftop.

しかしながら、前記先行文献に記載の屋上緑化方法および屋上の緑化装置は、上述のとおり、いずれも、屋上にプランターを直接配置する必要があるため、屋上のスペースが狭くなるという欠点があり、さらにはプランターの土が少量であるため乾燥が速く水切れにより栽培植物がかれてしまうなど長期間の栽培にはむかないという欠点があった。また、前記先行文献では、当該プランターと棚または支柱間に架け渡した骨組材との間には大きな間隔が設けられるため、プランターにおいて栽培される植物はつる性植物に限定され、しかも、栽培されたつる性植物が上方の棚または骨組材に到達するまでに長時間が必要とされるとの欠点がある。   However, the rooftop greening method and the rooftop greening device described in the above-mentioned prior art document both have the disadvantage that the space on the rooftop becomes narrow because it is necessary to directly arrange the planter on the rooftop. The planter has a small amount of soil, so it has a shortcoming that it is difficult to cultivate for a long period of time. In the above-mentioned prior art document, since a large space is provided between the planter and the frame material spanned between the shelves or the columns, the plants cultivated in the planter are limited to vines and are cultivated. There is a disadvantage that it takes a long time for the climbing plants to reach the upper shelf or skeleton.

特開平9−140252号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-140252 特開2002−38663号公報JP 2002-38663 A

本発明の目的は、たとえば、屋上に設置された諸設備などに制限されることなしに屋上の任意の箇所または全面の緑化が可能であり、屋上のスペースを狭めること無く設置可能であり、植生への潅水、施肥などの管理が容易であり、さらに潅水などによる屋内への漏水の危険性がない緑化装置および緑化方法を提供することにある。   The object of the present invention is that, for example, any part of the rooftop or the entire surface can be planted without being limited to various facilities installed on the rooftop, and can be installed without reducing the space on the rooftop. It is an object of the present invention to provide a greening device and a greening method that are easy to manage irrigation, fertilization, and the like, and that do not have a risk of water leakage indoors due to irrigation.

本発明の第一の局面によれば、建物の屋上床面又は前記建物の壁面の少なくとも一方から上方に伸長するように複数の支柱を立て、これらの支柱間に複数の骨組材を架け渡し、これらの骨組材を支持部材として植生を繁茂させてなる屋上の緑化方法において、前記骨組材の少なくとも1つは、長軸線に沿った開口が上面に切り欠かれてなる管体であり、該管体の内部に植生の栽培地としての根部保持材を収納せしめて前記植生を繁茂させることを特徴とする屋上の緑化方法が提供される。 According to a first aspect of the present invention, it sets a plurality of struts from at least one of Ya top floor surface or wall of the building of the building so as to extend upwardly, bridged multiple scaffold material between the struts, In the rooftop greening method in which vegetation is proliferated by using these frames as a support member, at least one of the frames is a tubular body in which an opening along the long axis is notched on the upper surface. There is provided a rooftop greening method characterized in that a root holding material as a vegetation cultivation site is housed inside the body to allow the vegetation to grow.

さらに、本発明の第二の局面によれば、建物の屋上床面又は前記建物の壁面の少なくとも一方から上方に伸長するように立てられた複数の支柱と、これらの支柱間に架け渡された複数の骨組材と、これらの骨組材を支持部材として繁茂せしめた植生とからなる屋上の緑化装置であって、前記骨組材の少なくとも1つは、長軸線に沿った開口が上面に切り欠かれてなる管体であり、さらに、植生の栽培地として、該管体の内部に収納された根部保持材を備えて前記植生を繁茂せしめるようにしたことを特徴とする屋上の緑化装置が提供される。 Furthermore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of struts erected to extend upwardly from at least one of the walls of the building ya top floor surface or the building, bridged between the struts A rooftop greening device comprising a plurality of frames and vegetation in which these frames are grown as a support member, wherein at least one of the frames has an opening along the major axis cut out on the upper surface. Further, as a vegetation cultivation site, a rooftop greening device is provided, which is provided with a root holding material housed inside the tubular body so that the vegetation grows. The

本発明は、長軸線に沿った開口が上面に切り欠かれてなる管体の内部に植生の培養地としてゼオライト成形体などの根部保持材を配置し、この管体自体を、建物の屋上床面又は建物の壁面の少なくとも一方から上方に伸長するように設けられた支柱に架け渡した骨組材として屋上や屋根の上方に設けることとしたので、たとえば、屋上に設置された諸設備および通路などの存在に制限されることなしに、屋上の任意の箇所または全面の緑化が可能となる。また、植生は上記管体の根部保持材に根を降ろして繁茂するため、屋上の床面にプランターを置く必要が無く、屋上のスペースを狭めることも無い。また、植生への潅水、施肥などの管理が容易となり、さらに潅水などによる屋内への漏水の危険性がない。 The present invention places the root portion holding member such as a zeolite shaped body in the interior of the tube with an opening along the longitudinal axis is by cutting the upper surface as land cultivation of vegetation, the tube itself, building ya top floor Since it was provided on the rooftop or above the roof as a frame material spanned on a pillar provided to extend upward from at least one of the surface or the wall surface of the building , for example, various facilities and passages installed on the rooftop, etc. Without being limited to the presence of the green, it is possible to plant green on any part of the roof or on the entire surface. Further, since the vegetation grows by rooting on the root holding material of the tube, it is not necessary to place a planter on the floor of the roof, and the space on the roof is not reduced. In addition, it is easy to manage irrigation and fertilization of vegetation, and there is no danger of water leakage indoors due to irrigation.

本発明の屋上の緑化方法および装置は、基本的に、建物の屋上や屋根の上に複数の支柱を立て、これらの支柱間に複数の骨組材を架け渡し、これらの骨組材を支持部材として植生を繁茂させてなるものである。支柱は、建物の屋上に堅固に設置でき、その上方に骨組材を架け渡して支持し得るに十分な強度を有するものであれば、特に制限はない。骨組材は、植生の支持部材として機能し、十分な耐久性を有するものであれば、特に制限はない。骨組材は、支柱の間に縦横に架け渡すことができ、通常は格子状または棚状に設置される。支柱および骨組材は、使用される環境下において腐食しにくいことが好ましく、通常は、木製、合成樹脂製またはアルミニウムやステンレス製などの錆びにくい金属製の棒体または管体が好適に使用される。骨組材は、植生の支持部材として機能するだけでなく,必要により開口部を設けた断面C型の金属管で構成し、これにゼオライトなどを充填し適量の水溶液を供給できるようにしてもよく、この場合、植物の生育とつるの固定が可能となる。   The rooftop greening method and apparatus of the present invention basically has a plurality of pillars standing on the rooftop or roof of a building, a plurality of frames are bridged between these columns, and these frames are used as support members. It is made by growing vegetation. The support column is not particularly limited as long as the support column can be firmly installed on the roof of the building and has sufficient strength to support the frame material over it. The frame material is not particularly limited as long as it functions as a support member for vegetation and has sufficient durability. The frame material can be bridged vertically and horizontally between the columns, and is usually installed in a lattice shape or a shelf shape. It is preferable that the column and the frame are not easily corroded in the environment in which they are used, and usually, a rod or tube made of wood, synthetic resin, or a rust-resistant metal such as aluminum or stainless steel is preferably used. . In addition to functioning as a vegetation support member, the frame material may be composed of a C-shaped metal tube with an opening if necessary, and filled with zeolite or the like so that an appropriate amount of aqueous solution can be supplied. In this case, the plant can grow and the vine can be fixed.

本発明において、植生の支持部材として用いられる骨組材の少なくとも1本は、長軸線に沿った開口が上面に切り欠かれてなる管体を備えてなる。この場合、この管体自体が骨組材として機能してもよい。そして、この管体の内部に植生の栽培地としての根部保持材を収納せしめる。この管体は、植生栽培時に、大きく変形しない程度の強度を有し、さらに植生を栽培するに充分な大きさであればよい。材質は、使用時の環境下において腐食されない材質でさえあればよく、例えば、合成樹脂、アルミニウム、酸化被膜を有するアルミニウムおよびステンレスなどの不銹鋼などの金属、木材などが好適である。   In the present invention, at least one of the frames used as a vegetation support member includes a tubular body in which an opening along the long axis is cut out on the upper surface. In this case, the tube itself may function as a frame material. And the root holding | maintenance material as a cultivation place of vegetation is accommodated in the inside of this tubular body. The tubular body only needs to have a strength that does not greatly deform during vegetation cultivation and is large enough to grow vegetation. The material only needs to be a material that does not corrode in the environment at the time of use. For example, synthetic resin, aluminum, aluminum having an oxide film, stainless steel such as stainless steel, and wood are preferable.

管体の上面の開口の大きさには特に制限はないが、小さくとも手指の先が挿入できる程度であることが必要である。管体の長軸線に実質的に垂直な断面の形状(以下 断面形状
と記すこともある)には特に制限はなく、楕円乃至長円および円などの円類ならびに四角形乃至八角形程度の多角形などが好ましい。開口は、断面形状が円類の場合には円周の一部、多角形の場合には一辺または一辺の一部を管体の長軸線に沿って切り欠いて形成される。かかる管体として、市販のC形鋼を使用すると好都合である。
There is no particular limitation on the size of the opening on the upper surface of the tube, but it is necessary that the opening can be inserted even if it is small. The shape of the cross section substantially perpendicular to the long axis of the tube (hereinafter also referred to as the cross-sectional shape) is not particularly limited, and is a circle such as an ellipse, an ellipse, and a circle, or a polygon such as a rectangle or an octagon. Etc. are preferable. The opening is formed by cutting out a part of the circumference when the cross-sectional shape is circular, and cutting out one side or a part of one side along the major axis of the tubular body when the cross-sectional shape is a polygon. As such a tube, it is convenient to use a commercially available C-shaped steel.

管体の開口には植生栽培時に開口の幅が拡大することによる管体の変形を防止するために、開口の相対する側縁間に架橋部材を設けることができる。また、管体を傾斜させて骨組材として使用する場合に、管体の内部に収納された根部保持材の移動を防止するために、管体の内部の底面を粗面とし、または管体の内部の底面に突起を設けることが好ましい。また、管体から水または液肥などの液体の流出を防止するために、管体の少なくとも一端に堰を設けてもよい。また、管体の内部の底面に水を保持または流通させるように、管体の内部の底面に管体の長軸線に沿った溝を形成しておき、この溝の上方に根部保持材が配置されるようにしてもよい。   In order to prevent deformation of the tubular body due to the expansion of the width of the opening during vegetation cultivation, a bridging member can be provided between the opposite side edges of the opening. In addition, when the tube body is inclined and used as a frame material, in order to prevent the movement of the root holding material housed in the tube body, the bottom surface inside the tube body is made rough, or the tube body It is preferable to provide a protrusion on the inner bottom surface. Further, a dam may be provided at at least one end of the pipe body in order to prevent the liquid such as water or liquid fertilizer from flowing out from the pipe body. In addition, a groove along the long axis of the tube body is formed on the bottom surface inside the tube body so that water is held or circulated on the bottom surface inside the tube body, and a root holding material is disposed above the groove. You may be made to do.

根部保持材は、透水性があり、そこに植生が根を生やすことのできるものであれば特に限定されない。根部保持材は、植生の種子を播種したり、または幼植物を移植し、小孔内で植生の根部を保持し、さらには水および液肥などの液体を流通せしめ、栽培地とされる。植生の種子を播種したり、または幼植物を移植するための孔を根部保持材に穿設してもよい。   The root holding material is not particularly limited as long as it has water permeability and vegetation can grow roots there. The root holding material is cultivated by sowing vegetation seeds or transplanting seedlings, holding roots of vegetation in small holes, and further distributing liquids such as water and liquid fertilizer. A hole for seeding vegetation seeds or transplanting seedlings may be formed in the root holding material.

根部保持材として、たとえば、稲藁、麦桿などを丸めたもの、コルク、故紙の他、発泡ポリプロピレン、発泡ポリウレタン、発泡ポリスチレン、発泡ポリ塩化ビニルなどの発泡プラスチック、バーミキュライト、粒状ゼオライト、成形ゼオライトなどのような多孔体を挙げることができ、植生の種類に応じて、適宜選択して用いられる。根部保持材は、粒状品および成形品の何れであってもよいが、成形品の方が風雨によって容易に飛散しないため好ましい。また、保水性が大きく、肥効の持続期間が長い点から、成形ゼオライトが好ましい。成形ゼオライトはゼオライトブロックとも呼ばれ、粒状ゼオライトの粒子同士間に間隙を空けて粒子同士間を互いに固着せしめ、たとえば、円柱状および四角柱状などの所望の形状に成形したものである。なお、所望の形状の布袋に粒状ゼオライトを充填して成形ゼオライトとすることもできる。   As root holding materials, for example, rolled rice straw, wheat straw, etc., cork, waste paper, expanded plastics such as expanded polypropylene, expanded polyurethane, expanded polystyrene, expanded polyvinyl chloride, vermiculite, granular zeolite, molded zeolite, etc. A porous body such as can be mentioned, and it is appropriately selected and used according to the type of vegetation. The root holding material may be either a granular product or a molded product, but the molded product is preferable because it is not easily scattered by wind and rain. In addition, molded zeolite is preferred because of its high water retention and long duration of fertilization. The formed zeolite is also called a zeolite block, and is formed into a desired shape such as a cylindrical shape or a quadrangular prism shape with a gap between the particles of the granular zeolite so that the particles are fixed to each other. It is also possible to form a shaped zeolite by filling granular zeolite in a desired-shaped cloth bag.

ゼオライトには、所謂、沸石と称される天然ゼオライトおよびけい素とアルミニウム分とを水酸化ナトリウムの存在下で水熱合成して得られる人工ゼオライトがあるが、両者とも根部保持材として好適に使用することができる。シリカとアルミナとの比および陽イオン交換能の大きさなどが異なるものを任意に選択できることから人工ゼオライトが好ましい。   Zeolite includes natural zeolite called zeolite, and artificial zeolite obtained by hydrothermal synthesis of silicon and aluminum in the presence of sodium hydroxide, both of which are preferably used as root support materials. can do. Artificial zeolite is preferred because it can be arbitrarily selected from those in which the ratio of silica and alumina and the size of the cation exchange capacity are different.

本発明において使用される植生は、通常、骨組材からなる支持部材を伝って繁茂するつる性植物が好ましいが、栽培地として機能する上記管体の多数を間隔を狭めて配置した場合は、地上部の草丈が大きく、茎葉が密生しその量が多い植物であればつる性植物以外の植物でも使用できる。つる性植物としては通年落葉しない常緑つる性植物および秋〜冬に落葉する落葉つる性植物のいずれをも使用することができる。すなわち、常緑つる性植物は落葉を収集、除去する必要がないので維持管理が容易であるとの利点があり、他方、落葉つる性植物は秋〜冬には落葉し、つる同士の間には大きな間隙ができ、この間隙を透して太陽光が建物の屋根、屋上および壁面に、直接、照射するので、暖房用エネルギーを節減し得るとの利点がある。常緑つる性植物としては、耐寒性および耐暑性が共に極めて大きいことから、ヘデラ・ヘリックスが最も好ましいが、気象条件によってはテイカカズラおよびベアグラスなども好適に使用することができる。   The vegetation used in the present invention is preferably a climbing plant that normally grows along a support member made of a frame material. Plants other than vines can be used as long as the plant height is high, the foliage is dense and the amount is large. As the vine plant, any of an evergreen vine plant that does not fall all year round and a deciduous vine plant that falls from autumn to winter can be used. In other words, evergreen vines have the advantage that they are easy to maintain because there is no need to collect and remove deciduous leaves, while deciduous vines fall between autumn and winter, A large gap is formed, and sunlight passes through the gap and directly irradiates the roof, rooftop and wall surface of the building, so that there is an advantage that energy for heating can be saved. As an evergreen vine, both Hedera helix is the most preferable because both cold resistance and heat resistance are extremely high. However, depending on the weather conditions, Teika pods and beargrass can also be suitably used.

つる性植物以外の植物としては、たとえば、ちがや、おひしば、えのころぐさ、すずめのひえ、すすき、ちからしばおよびめがるかやなどの狭葉植物、ならびに、さぎごけ、ほとけのざ、きらんそう、たかとうだい、からすのえんどう、みやこぐさ、やえむぐら、やぶまおおよびおにやぶまおなどの広葉植物などを挙げることができる。
本発明において使用される植生は多年性植物が好ましいが、1〜2年性植物を使用することもできる。なお、常緑でなく、葉や茎が季節により枯れる種類の植物を使用する場合、落葉等により周辺への飛散が問題となる場合があるが、この場合はネットなどで対策するか夏季を過ぎた時点で刈り取るなどの処置をすることが好ましい。
Examples of plants other than climbing plants include narrow-leafed plants such as chigaya, oshiba, enogakusa, sparrow's eagles, sukiki, chichishiba and kameya, as well as Examples include broadleaf plants such as Tokenosa, Kiranso, Takatodai, Karasunoendo, Miyakogusa, Yaemura, Yabomao and Oniyabomao.
The vegetation used in the present invention is preferably a perennial plant, but a 1-2 year plant can also be used. In addition, when using plants that are not evergreen and whose leaves and stems wither depending on the season, scattering to the surrounding area may be a problem due to falling leaves, etc. In this case, measures such as nets have been taken or summer has passed It is preferable to take measures such as mowing at the time.

本発明では、内部に根部保持材を収容した前記管体が植生の栽培地として用いられ、主として、この管体から前記植生に水や栄養分が補給されることとなる。したがって、前記管体内部の根部保持体の端部から根部保持体に水および液肥などの液体が供給されるように構成することが望ましい。例えば、水道水の蛇口からホースで前記管体の端部に水を供給できるようにしてもよく、また、雨水が樋などを介して自然に前記管体の端部に流入するようにしてもよい。さらには、前記管体の一端部に流れ込み他端部から流出した液体が再度前記管体に流れ込むように、ポンプなどを設置して前記液体が循環するようにしてもよい。前記管体を斜めに配置して使用される場合には、管体内部の根部保持材の一端を水槽または液肥貯槽に浸漬することにより、毛管現象により、液体が根部保持材内を上昇するようにすることもできる。   In this invention, the said pipe body which accommodated the root | end part holding | maintenance material inside is used as a cultivation place of a vegetation, and water and nutrients will be mainly supplied to the said vegetation from this pipe body. Therefore, it is desirable to configure so that liquid such as water and liquid fertilizer is supplied to the root portion holding body from the end portion of the root portion holding body inside the tubular body. For example, tap water may be supplied to the end of the pipe with a hose, or rainwater may naturally flow into the end of the pipe via a tub or the like. Good. Furthermore, a pump or the like may be installed so that the liquid circulates so that the liquid flowing into one end of the tube and flowing out from the other end flows into the tube again. When the tube body is used obliquely, by immersing one end of the root holding material inside the tube body in a water tank or a liquid fertilizer storage tank, the liquid rises in the root holding material due to capillary action. It can also be.

本発明によれば、建物の屋上床面又は建物の壁面の少なくとも一方から上方に伸長するように複数の支柱を立て、これらの支柱間に複数の骨組材を例えば格子状に架け渡す際に、これらの骨組材の少なくとも1本に、内部に根部保持材が収容された上記管体を使用し、この根部保持材に、適時、所望の植生とする植物の種子を播種し、または、該植物の芽および苗などの幼植物を移植し、随時、潅水、施肥することにより、上記骨組材を支持部材として植生を繁茂させることができる。施肥には、管理の容易さから、液肥が好適に使用される。植物体が成長するに伴って、つる性植物にあっては、つるが支持部材およびそれに隣接する支柱を伝って伸長し、支持部材を構成する骨組材の間隙は、つるおよびつるから発生した葉によって埋められて、また、つる性植物以外の植物にあっては根部保持体から伸張した茎および、さらには、茎から発生した葉によって埋められて、支持部材のほぼ全面が植生で覆われて、屋上は緑化されるに至る。 According to the present invention, sets a plurality of struts from at least one of the walls of the building ya top floor surface or a building to extend upwardly, when bridging a plurality of framework members, for example, a lattice shape between these struts, At least one of these framework members uses the above-mentioned tube body in which a root holding material is housed, and seeds of a plant as a desired vegetation are sowed on the root holding material in a timely manner, or the plant By transplanting young plants such as shoots and seedlings, and irrigating and fertilizing as needed, vegetation can be grown with the above-mentioned frame material as a support member. Liquid fertilizer is preferably used for fertilization because of ease of management. As the plant body grows, in a vine plant, the vine extends along the supporting member and the struts adjacent thereto, and the gap between the frame members constituting the supporting member leaves the vine and the vine. In addition, in the case of plants other than climbing plants, the stalk extended from the root holding body and, further, the leaves generated from the stalk are filled with the vegetation so that almost the entire surface of the support member is covered with vegetation. The rooftop will be green.

本発明を図示された実施例によって、さらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。   The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

図1及び図2は、クーリングタワー51、変電設備52、建屋53等の設備が存在するビルの屋上の緑化に本発明を適用した例を示す概略図であり、具体的には、屋上の建屋53以外の部分を全面的に緑化する例を示す。この例では、建屋53以外の屋上の床面に、適当な間隔で多数の支柱1を立設し、これらの支柱1の間に多数の骨組材2を格子状に架け渡し、これらの骨組材2の格子からなる支持部材が棟を頂点として両側の下方に展開する、いわゆる切妻屋根の枠組みを形成するように組み立てられている。そして、棟木に当たる骨組材として、本発明の管体20を使用しており、該管体20は骨組材としても機能している。図示の例では、支柱1はビル屋上床面に固定されているが、ビルの壁面に固定してもよいし、ビルの屋上床面と壁面の両方に固定してもよい。 1 and 2 are schematic views showing an example in which the present invention is applied to the greening of a rooftop of a building where facilities such as a cooling tower 51, a substation facility 52, and a building 53 exist, and specifically, the rooftop building 53 An example is shown in which all the parts other than are greened. In this example, a large number of columns 1 are erected at an appropriate interval on the floor surface of the roof other than the building 53, and a large number of frames 2 are bridged between these columns 1 in a grid pattern. The support members composed of two grids are assembled so as to form a so-called gable roof framework that develops downward on both sides with the ridge at the top. And the pipe body 20 of this invention is used as a frame material which hits a purlin, and this pipe body 20 is functioning also as a frame material . In the example of FIG shown, struts 1 are fixed to a building roof floor may be fixed to the wall of a building, it may be fixed to both roof floor and walls of the building.

この例では、図3に示されるように、管体20はC形鋼からなり、このC形鋼の長軸線に沿った開口21を上方に向けた状態で、図1及び図2に示されるような棟の位置に配置される。この管体20は、図3に示されるように、該開口21に対向する底面に、管体の長軸線方向に沿った4本の溝22を備え、この溝22の中を液体が流通できるようにされている。そして、溝22の上方には、根部保持材23としてゼオライトブロックが配置されている。ゼオライトブロックは、管体20の内部に収納可能な直方体の形状を備え、管体20の開口21や端部から挿入して管体20の内部に収納でき、開口21からは容易に取り出せない寸法とされており、図4に示されるように、管体20の長軸線方向に沿って、多数のゼオライトブロック23が所定の間隔をおいて収納されている。   In this example, as shown in FIG. 3, the tubular body 20 is made of C-shaped steel, and is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the opening 21 along the major axis of the C-shaped steel facing upward. It is arranged at such a ridge position. As shown in FIG. 3, the tube body 20 includes four grooves 22 along the long axis direction of the tube body on the bottom surface facing the opening 21, and liquid can flow through the grooves 22. Has been. Above the groove 22, a zeolite block is disposed as the root holding material 23. The zeolite block has a rectangular parallelepiped shape that can be stored inside the tube body 20, can be inserted into the tube body 20 by being inserted from the opening 21 or the end of the tube body 20, and cannot be easily taken out from the opening 21. As shown in FIG. 4, a large number of zeolite blocks 23 are accommodated at predetermined intervals along the long axis direction of the tube body 20.

そして、このゼオライトブロック23に、植生3、例えば、ヘデラへリックスなどのつる科植物の苗を植えつけ、管体20に水や液肥を流通させることにより、骨組材2からなる格子状の支持部材を伝って植物が繁茂し、図5に示されるように、屋上の緑化を行うことができる。この例では、屋上に直接プランターなどを置く必要が無いので、支柱1が占める僅かな面積以外、屋上のスペースを狭めることがない。なお、骨組材2で囲まれた空間に網などを設置して、つる科植物が繁茂しやすくすることもできる。また、隣り合う支柱1の間の空間に金網やフェンスを設置して、側面にまでつる性植物を繁茂させるようにしてもよい。なお、必要に応じて、管体20を増設してもよく、例えば、軒の部分に配置された骨組材2として管体20を用いてもよく、または、同様に配置された骨組材2に管体20を付加してもよい。この場合、つるの途中から根を出すタイプの植物は、軒の管体20の根保持部材23に自然と根をはり、そこから水分の補給を受けることができる。   Then, a vegetation 3, for example, a seedling of a vine family plant such as Hedera helix, is planted on the zeolite block 23, and water or liquid fertilizer is circulated through the pipe body 20, whereby a lattice-shaped support member made of the frame material 2 The plant grows along the road and can be greened as shown in FIG. In this example, since it is not necessary to place a planter or the like directly on the roof, the space on the roof is not narrowed except for a small area occupied by the columns 1. In addition, a net etc. can be installed in the space enclosed by the frame material 2, and it can also make it easy to grow a vine family plant. In addition, a wire net or a fence may be installed in the space between the adjacent support columns 1 so that sexual plants hang up to the side. In addition, if necessary, the tube body 20 may be added. For example, the tube body 20 may be used as the frame material 2 arranged in the eaves portion, or the frame material 2 similarly arranged may be used. The tube body 20 may be added. In this case, a plant of a type that takes root from the middle of the vine naturally roots the root holding member 23 of the eaves tube body 20 and can receive moisture from there.

また、この例では、管体20の一端にはポンプ32に接続された導管31が導かれ、他端にも導管33が導かれており、水および/または液肥を供給・循環するシステムを備えている。この供給・循環システムのフローシートは、図6に示されている。この供給・循環システムは、雨水を貯える雨水タンク34を備え、屋外に設けられた樋35などから雨水を受け入れるようにされており、満水時には、導管36から排水するようにされている。そして、ポンプ32で吸引することにより、雨水を雨水タンク34からフィルター37を介して、導管31を通じて管体20の一端に供給される。必要に応じて、雨水タンク34に導管38を通じて肥料を添加することもでき、この場合、管体20に液肥を供給し、植物3に施肥することができる。なお、液肥は雨水タンク34以外の箇所で添加してもよい。管体20の他端からは、導管33を介して余剰の雨水がフィルター39を介して雨水タンク34に戻すことができる。冬季は、導管31の途中に設けられた加温装置40により雨水を加熱してから、管体20に供給することもできる。この供給・循環システムは、管体20の溝22の内部の水位を検知するセンサーを設け、管体20の水切れが発生しないように制御されることが好ましい。   In this example, a pipe 31 connected to a pump 32 is led to one end of the pipe body 20, and a pipe 33 is led to the other end, and a system for supplying and circulating water and / or liquid fertilizer is provided. ing. The flow sheet of this supply / circulation system is shown in FIG. This supply / circulation system is provided with a rainwater tank 34 for storing rainwater and is adapted to receive rainwater from a gutter 35 or the like provided outdoors, and drains from a conduit 36 when full. Then, by sucking with the pump 32, rainwater is supplied from the rainwater tank 34 through the filter 37 to one end of the tubular body 20 through the conduit 31. If necessary, fertilizer can also be added to the rainwater tank 34 through the conduit 38. In this case, liquid fertilizer can be supplied to the pipe body 20 and applied to the plant 3. Liquid fertilizer may be added at a place other than the rainwater tank 34. From the other end of the tubular body 20, excess rainwater can be returned to the rainwater tank 34 via the filter 39 via the conduit 33. In winter, rainwater can be heated by the heating device 40 provided in the middle of the conduit 31 and then supplied to the pipe body 20. This supply / circulation system is preferably provided with a sensor for detecting the water level inside the groove 22 of the tube body 20 and is controlled so that the tube body 20 is not drained.

上記実施例では、支柱1はクーリングタワー51などの設備の上方に骨組材2を支持するように配置されているが、支柱1の高さは、屋上の状況によって適宜選択することができ、例えば、屋上床面に密着した構造でもよく、または、屋上床面からわずかに浮かせた構造としてもよい。例えば、図7に示されるように、外方の支柱1aを床面に密着させたものとし、それに隣接する支柱1bを床面から離隔した高さとし、両支柱1a,1b間に管体20を斜めに架け渡した構成とすることもできる。この場合、管体20の内部の水は重力によって支柱1aの方向に自然と移動するので、上記供給・循環システムから水を回収したり、管体20に降った雨水を回収するのに好都合である。   In the above embodiment, the support column 1 is arranged so as to support the frame material 2 above the equipment such as the cooling tower 51. However, the height of the support column 1 can be appropriately selected depending on the rooftop situation, for example, The structure may be in close contact with the rooftop surface or may be slightly lifted from the rooftop surface. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, it is assumed that the outer column 1a is in close contact with the floor surface, the column 1b adjacent to the floor is separated from the floor surface, and the tubular body 20 is placed between the columns 1a and 1b. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that hangs diagonally. In this case, the water inside the pipe body 20 naturally moves in the direction of the column 1a due to gravity, which is convenient for collecting water from the supply / circulation system or for collecting rainwater that has fallen on the pipe body 20. is there.

本発明の屋上の緑化方法及び装置は、屋上に設置された諸設備などに制限されることなしに屋上の任意の箇所または全面の緑化が可能であり、また、屋上のスペースを狭めること無く設置可能であり、植生への潅水、施肥などの管理が容易であり、さらに潅水などによる屋内への漏水の危険性がないので、建物の状態に依存することなく、広く屋上の緑化に適用することができる。   The rooftop greening method and apparatus of the present invention can be planted on any part of the rooftop or on the entire surface without being limited to facilities installed on the rooftop, and can be installed without reducing the space on the rooftop. Yes, it is easy to manage irrigation and fertilization of vegetation, and there is no danger of water leakage indoors due to irrigation, etc., so it should be widely applied to rooftop greening without depending on the state of the building Can do.

本発明の屋上の緑化装置の一例を示す概略斜視図である。It is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the rooftop greening apparatus of this invention. 図1の装置の平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1. 図1で使用した管体の一部を破断して示す拡大斜視図である。It is an expansion perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of tubular body used in FIG. 図1の装置の一部拡大図である。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the apparatus of FIG. 1. 図1の装置を用いた屋上の緑化方法を示す概略斜視図である。It is a schematic perspective view which shows the greening method of the roof using the apparatus of FIG. 図1の装置における水および/または液肥の供給・循環システムのフローシートである。It is a flow sheet of the supply and circulation system of water and / or liquid fertilizer in the apparatus of FIG. 管体の配置の変形例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the modification of arrangement | positioning of a tubular body.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…支柱、2…骨組材、20…管体、21…開口、22…溝、23…根部保持材、31…導管、32…ポンプ、33…導管、34…雨水タンク、35…樋、36…導管、37…フィルター、38…導管、39…フィルター、40…加温装置、51…クーリングタワー、52…変電設備、53…建屋。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Strut, 2 ... Frame material, 20 ... Tube, 21 ... Opening, 22 ... Groove, 23 ... Root support material, 31 ... Conduit, 32 ... Pump, 33 ... Conduit, 34 ... Rainwater tank, 35 ... Coral, 36 ... conduit, 37 ... filter, 38 ... conduit, 39 ... filter, 40 ... warming device, 51 ... cooling tower, 52 ... transformer, 53 ... building.

Claims (14)

建物の屋上床面又は前記建物の壁面の少なくとも一方から上方に伸長するように複数の支柱(1)を立て、これらの支柱(1)間に複数の骨組材(2)を架け渡し、これらの骨組材(2)を支持部材として植生(3)を繁茂させてなる屋上の緑化方法において、前記骨組材(2)の少なくとも1つは、長軸線に沿った開口(21)が上面に切り欠かれてなる管体(20)であり、該管体(20)の内部に植生(3)の栽培地としての根部保持材(23)を収納せしめて前記植生(3)を繁茂させることを特徴とする屋上の緑化方法。 Making a plurality of struts (1) from at least one of Ya top floor surface or wall of the building of the building so as to extend upwardly, bridged plurality of framing members (2) between the struts (1), these In the rooftop greening method in which the vegetation (3) is grown with the skeleton (2) as a support member, at least one of the skeleton (2) has an opening (21) along the long axis cut out on the upper surface. It is a tubular body (20) formed by storing the root holding material (23) as a cultivation area of the vegetation (3) in the tubular body (20) to allow the vegetation (3) to flourish. The rooftop greening method. 前記管体(20)はC形鋼である請求項1に記載の屋上の緑化方法。   The rooftop greening method according to claim 1, wherein the tubular body (20) is C-shaped steel. 前記根部保持材(23)が多孔体である請求項1または2に記載の屋上の緑化方法。   The rooftop greening method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the root holding material (23) is a porous body. 前記多孔体がゼオライト成形体である請求項3に記載の屋上の緑化方法。 The rooftop greening method according to claim 3, wherein the porous body is a zeolite compact. 前記管体(20)の長手方向の一端部から液体が供給される請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の屋上の緑化方法。 Rooftop method greening according to any one of claims 1 to 4 liquid from a longitudinal end of the supply of the tube (20). 前記管体(20)に前記液体を循環せしめるように、前記管体の長手方向の一端と他端とがポンプ(32)を介して連絡せしめられた請求項5に記載の屋上の緑化方法。 As allowed to circulate the liquid to the tube (20), roof method greening of claim 5, the longitudinal direction of the one end and the other end of the tubular body was allowed to contact via a pump (32). 前記植生(3)がつる科植物である請求項1に記載の屋上の緑化方法。   The rooftop greening method according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation (3) is a vine family. 建物の屋上床面又は前記建物の壁面の少なくとも一方から上方に伸長するように立てられた複数の支柱(1)と、これらの支柱(1)間に架け渡された複数の骨組材(2)と、これらの骨組材(2)を支持部材として繁茂せしめた植生(3)とからなる屋上の緑化装置であって、前記骨組材(2)の少なくとも1つは、長軸線に沿った開口(21)が上面に切り欠かれてなる管体(20)であり、さらに、植生(3)の栽培地として、該管体(20)の内部に収納された根部保持材(23)を備えて前記植生(3)を繁茂せしめるようにしたことを特徴とする屋上の緑化装置。 A plurality of struts erected to extend upwardly from at least one of Ya top floor surface or wall of the building of the building (1), the struts (1) a plurality of framework members which spans between (2) And a rooftop greening device comprising a vegetation (3) that has been grown using these frames (2) as support members, wherein at least one of the frames (2) has an opening along the long axis ( 21) is a tubular body (20) cut out on the upper surface, and further includes a root holding material (23) housed inside the tubular body (20) as a cultivated place of vegetation (3). A rooftop greening device characterized in that the vegetation (3) is allowed to flourish. 前記管体(20)はC形鋼である請求項8に記載の屋上の緑化装置。   The roof greening apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the pipe (20) is a C-shaped steel. 前記根部保持材(23)が多孔体である請求項8または9に記載の屋上の緑化装置。   The rooftop greening device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the root holding member (23) is a porous body. 前記多孔体がゼオライト成形体である請求項10に記載の屋上の緑化装置。 The rooftop greening apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the porous body is a zeolite compact. 前記管体(20)の長手方向の一端部に液体を供給する手段を備えてなる、請求項8乃至11のいずれか1項に記載の屋上の緑化装置。 Longitudinally consisting comprises means for supplying the liquid to one end of the rooftop greening system according to any one of claims 8 to 11 of the tube (20). 前記管体(20)に前記液体を循環せしめるように、前記管体の長手方向の一端と他端とがポンプ(32)を介して連絡せしめられた請求項12に記載の屋上の緑化装置。 As allowed to circulate the liquid to the tube (20), rooftop greening system of claim 12 in which the longitudinal direction of the one end and the other end of the tubular body was allowed to contact via a pump (32). 前記植生(3)がつる科植物である請求項8に記載の屋上の緑化装置。   The roof planting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the vegetation (3) is a vine.
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JP4226062B1 (en) * 2008-02-07 2009-02-18 中国電力株式会社 Tree planting equipment
JP5140616B2 (en) * 2009-02-06 2013-02-06 中国電力株式会社 Building greening structure
JP5058215B2 (en) * 2009-06-12 2012-10-24 中国電力株式会社 Roof planting equipment
JP5571266B1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-08-13 株式会社フジコーポレーション Rainwater circulation system in farmland using the landfill site
CN111328681B (en) * 2020-03-09 2021-11-02 宁夏多源鑫科技有限公司 High-temperature desert lawn underground irrigator and mounting method thereof

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