JP4240348B2 - Fire fighting foam head - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foam head that is used in foam fire extinguishing equipment and sprays a foam-like fire-extinguishing liquid in a uniform state.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment is installed in buildings such as high-rise buildings, underground malls, theaters and department stores. In the sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, a main pipe is connected to a water source, and a pump is installed in the middle of the main pipe. The main pipe is connected to the branch pipe of each fire fighting block, and a plurality of sprinkler heads are attached to the branch pipe. When a fire breaks out in a building equipped with a sprinkler fire extinguishing system, the thermal decomposition part of the sprinkler head is activated due to the abnormally high temperature of the fire to open the valve body and spray the water filled in the branch pipe to extinguish the fire. Is. This sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment is adopted in many buildings because it has a very good fire extinguishing effect against fires such as wood, cloth, paper, and synthetic resin, which are general building materials.
[0003]
However, sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment is effective against fires in buildings where highly flammable materials such as gasoline and oil are placed, such as parking lots where automobiles filled with gasoline are placed in tanks and factories that use large amounts of oil. There is no fire fighting effect. This is because if water is sprayed from the sprinkler head to the gasoline or oil that is being burned, the fired gasoline or oil will splatter, and not only can the fire be extinguished, but the splattered fire will move to another and increase the fire. It is.
[0004]
Foam extinguishing equipment with an excellent fire extinguishing effect against gasoline and oil is suitable for parking lots and factories. In a fire extinguisher, when a fire breaks out, the foam fire extinguisher sprayed from the foam head surrounds the gasoline and oil that is burning, shuts off the surrounding air, and extinguishes the fire by making it oxygen deficient. It is. This foam fire extinguishing system can safely extinguish fire because it does not scatter the gasoline or oil that is on fire like the sprinkler fire extinguishing system.
[0005]
In the foam fire extinguishing equipment, there is a main pipe connected to a water source and a foam stock solution tank, a pump is installed at the base of the main pipe, and a mixer is installed at the further end. The main pipe is connected to a branch pipe of each fire extinguishing block, and a plurality of foam heads are attached to the branch pipe.
[0006]
When a fire breaks out in a building with foam fire extinguishing equipment, water and foam stock solution are mixed in a mixer and sent to the branch pipe from the main pipe as a mixture. When the liquid mixture is sprayed from the foam head, air is entrained in the liquid mixture by the foam head to become a foam-like fire extinguisher, covering the fire source as described above, and extinguishing in an oxygen-deficient state.
[0007]
A conventional foam head used in a foam fire extinguishing equipment has a trumpet-shaped flange formed in a main body with a nozzle formed in the center, and a plurality of air inlets are formed in radial positions on the flange. A deflector is installed at a position away from the nozzle, and a bowl-shaped screen is installed around the flange so as to surround the deflector. (Reference: No. 56-37732, No. 57-41019, No. 57-57717, No. 4-46766, JP-A-7-265452, No. 7-299156)
[0008]
The foam formation in the conventional foam head is performed as follows. In the foam head, since the periphery of the mixed liquid that flows at high speed becomes negative pressure when the mixed liquid ejects vigorously from the nozzle, air flows into the foam head from the air inlet formed in the flange of the main body. . On the other hand, the mixed liquid ejected from the nozzle is dispersed in all directions by the deflector, hits the screen and entrains air into a foam. At this time, since the pressure in the foam head is increased by the inflow of air from the air inlet of the flange, the foam-like fire extinguishing liquid is pushed out and sprayed.
[0009]
By the way, the foam head includes an open type foam head and a closed type foam head, and these foam heads are classified into an upright type and a pendant type depending on the attached state. Here, various foam heads will be briefly described.
[0010]
An open-type foam head is one in which the nozzle is not open and the nozzle is always open. The fire extinguishing equipment to which the open type foam head is attached has a fire detection unit such as a closed type sprinkler head. When a fire breaks out, this sprinkler head detects the fire and a valve installed in the branch pipe Is released. Then, the pressure in the main pipe decreases, and the water source pump is activated by the pressure decrease. At this time, water from the water source is sent to the main pipe and simultaneously the foam stock solution is sent to the main pipe from the foam stock solution tank connected to the main pipe, and the water and the foam stock solution are mixed by a mixer installed in the middle of the main pipe. To become a mixed solution. The mixed liquid enters the branch pipe with the valve opened from the main pipe, and is sprayed as a foam-like fire extinguisher from an open foam head attached to the branch pipe.
[0011]
That is, in the foam fire extinguishing equipment to which the open type foam head is attached, the foam-like fire extinguishing liquid is sprayed from all the foam heads of the branch pipe in which the valve is opened. Therefore, in a foam fire extinguisher equipped with an open foam head, foam fire extinguishing liquid is sprayed from the foam heads other than the fire source, so after the fire has been extinguished, clean up the foam fire extinguishing liquid sprayed over a wide area. There is a problem that it takes a lot of time and effort.
[0012]
The closed-type foam head eliminates the spraying of foam-like fire extinguishing liquid to unnecessary parts other than the fire source. In the closed type foam head, a valve body is installed in a nozzle, and the valve body is held by a thermal decomposition part. When a fire breaks out in a building with a closed foam head, the thermal decomposition part of the foam head installed near the fire source is activated due to the abnormally high temperature of the fire, opening the valve body and filling the branch pipe Sprinkle the mixed liquid into a foam. Therefore, when a fire breaks out, only the foam head close to the source of the fire is activated and only the required amount of foam extinguishing liquid is sprayed. Is also easy.
[0013]
The open-type foam head and the closed-type foam head are classified into a pendant type and an upright type according to the attachment state. The pendant type is attached to the lower side of the branch pipe, and the foam-like fire extinguisher from the nozzle is ejected downward. This pendant type foam head is generally attached to a high ceiling building. In other words, pendant type foam heads are attached to buildings with high ceilings so that even if they are attached to the underside of a branch pipe, they will not collide even if a long object passed by a person passing underneath or a car with a high height passes.
[0014]
The upright type foam head is attached to the upper side of the branch pipe, and the foam-like fire extinguishing liquid from the nozzle is ejected upward. This upright type foam head is installed in a low ceiling building. This is because if you install a pendant type foam head on a building with a low ceiling, it will hit an object held by a person who passes underneath, or it will hit a tall car in the parking lot and destroy the foam head. is there.
[0015]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the conventional open type, closed type, pendant type and upright type foam heads, the size of the foam particles is uneven, the foaming ratio is not enough, and in the closed type foam head during operation There was a problem that a part (hereinafter referred to as “lodgement”) in which the parts of the thermal decomposition part are caught on the deflector and hinder normal spraying is rarely caused. The present invention was invented in view of the drawbacks of conventional foam heads.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on the causes of non-uniform foaming, low foaming ratio, and possible lodgement in the conventional foam head, the present foam head has a foaming effect on the screen. It was found that the foam was not uniform and the foaming ratio was low, and the conventional closed-type foam head rarely caused lodgement because the parts of the thermal decomposition part decomposed during operation collided directly with the deflector. Therefore, the present inventors, when generating foam with a foam head, if the screen is passed twice, the foamed state will be good, and the parts decomposed in the thermal decomposition part do not reach the deflector between the thermal decomposition part and the deflector Thus, the present invention has been completed by finding out that it is sufficient to install a shield.
[0017]
The present invention is a foam head characterized in that a nozzle is drilled in a main body, a deflector is installed at a position spaced from the nozzle, and a main screen is installed between the nozzle and the deflector. There is a nozzle in the main body, a deflector is installed at a position away from the nozzle, a main screen is installed between the nozzle and the deflector, and the nozzle is sealed with a valve body. Moreover, the valve body is a foam head characterized in that it is held by a thermal decomposition section.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the foam head of the present invention, the main screen is installed between the deflector and the thermal decomposition unit.In the upright type foam head, the liquid mixture ejected from the nozzle hits the main screen before reaching the deflector. Foam is then formed, and then the foamed fire extinguishing liquid bounces off the deflector and passes through the main screen again to form a more uniform foam and then sprayed. That is, in the upright type foam head, the liquid mixture passes through the same screen twice before and after reaching the deflector to make the foam uniform and increase the expansion ratio.
[0019]
In the case of a pendant type foam head, if a sub-screen is further installed in front of the deflector, the liquid mixture ejected from the nozzle hits the main screen before reaching the deflector to form foam, and after colliding with the deflector, this time The bubbles are made uniform and the expansion ratio is increased by passing the screen twice through the sub-screen installed in front of the deflector.
[0020]
In the present invention, the main screen installed between the deflector and the thermal decomposition section exhibits an action of entraining air in the liquid mixture passing therethrough and an action of preventing the decomposed parts of the thermal decomposition section from reaching the deflector. If the main screen only has the effect of entraining the air, the shape of the main screen may be flat, but the shape of the main screen is a bowl or trumpet in order to scatter the components of the thermal decomposition part outward. Thus, the shape is inclined forward.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the closed-type foam head of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of the upright-type closed foam head of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the pendant-type closed-type foam head, and FIG. 3 is an upright-type open-type foam head of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of the pendant type open type foam head, FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a main screen used for the foam head of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an upright type foam head of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a spraying state, and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a spraying state in the pendant type foam head of the present invention.
[0022]
First, the upright type closed bubble head of FIG. 1 will be described. The upright type closed type foam head includes a main body 1, a deflector 2 a, a valve body 3, a thermal decomposition unit 4, and a main screen 5.
[0023]
The main body 1 is screwed with a male screw 11 connected to a pipe (not shown), and has a nozzle 12 for discharging a mixed liquid sent from the pipe. The nozzle 12 is tapered from the inflow portion toward the discharge portion, and a seat portion 13 that is in close contact with the valve body 3 is formed in the nozzle discharge portion. From the vicinity of the main body, two arms 14 and 14 (one is not shown) are curved and project, and the distal ends of the arms 14 and 14 are connected to the boss 15. A female screw 16 is screwed inside the boss 15, and a set screw 17 is screwed to press the heat-sensitive decomposition part 4, thereby maintaining the balance of the forces of the heat-sensitive decomposition part.
[0024]
The deflector 2a is disk-shaped, and a claw 21 is formed over the entire periphery of the peripheral edge, and the claw 21 is bent downward from the horizontal. The deflector 2 a is fixed to the upper part of the boss 15.
[0025]
The valve body 3 is pressed by the thermal decomposition unit 4, is in close contact with the seat portion 13 of the main body 1 via the packing 31, and closes the nozzle 12.
[0026]
The thermal decomposition unit 4 has the same structure as that of a conventional closed sprinkler head and is not the gist of the present invention, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 5, the main screen 5 has a bowl shape and has a hole 51 in the center. The hole is inserted into the boss 15. The peripheral part of the main screen is fixedly held by the ring 52 to the extension part of the deflector 2a.
[0028]
Next, the operation state of the upright type closed-type foam head of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG. A plurality of closed type foam heads are attached to branch pipes piped for each block. The nozzle 12 of the closed type foam head is normally filled with a mixed liquid from the branch pipe P at a predetermined pressure, and is closed by the valve body 3. When a fire breaks out and the thermal decomposition part of the closed-type foam head attached near the source of the fire breaks down, the valve body is opened by the pressure of the liquid mixture and scatters between the arms 14 and 14 together with the components of the thermal decomposition part. And fall. Then, the mixed solution K flows out from the opened nozzle 12 toward the deflector 2 a along the boss 15 and passes through the vicinity of the center of the main screen 5. At this time, the mixed solution K is mixed with air through the mesh of the main screen 5 to become a foam-like fire extinguisher B and collides with the deflector 2a. And this foam-like fire-extinguishing liquid B is scattered in all directions by the deflector 2a, and again passes through the periphery of the main screen 5 and is further radiated in a state of being sufficiently foamed with air, and the foam accumulates on the floor surface. Shut off the oxygen supply to the source and extinguish the fire.
[0029]
The upright type foam head of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is the same as the upright type closed type foam head of FIG. 1 except that the valve body and the thermal decomposition part are not installed. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
[0030]
Next, the pendant type closed bubble head of FIG. 2 will be described. The pendant type closed type foam head is composed of a main body 1, a deflector 2 b, a valve body 3, a thermal decomposition unit 4, a main screen 5, and a sub-screen 6 as in the above-described upright type.
[0031]
The difference between the upright type and the pendant type is the shape of the blade of the deflector and the presence or absence of a sub-screen. That is, since the deflector used for the upright type must spray the foam-like fire extinguishing liquid downward, the blades are bent downward with respect to the mounting direction, but the pendant type uses the foam-like fire extinguishing liquid as the deflector. The blade is not bent because it must be sprayed below and around it. In the pendant type, a sub-screen is further installed in front of the deflector.
[0032]
The pendant type open type foam head of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 has the same configuration as the pendant type closed type foam head of FIG. 2 except that the valve body and the thermal decomposition part are not installed. Detailed description is omitted.
[0033]
Here, the sub-screen in the pendant type foam head will be described. The sub screen 6 is installed in front of the deflector 2b. The peripheral edge of the sub-screen is fixedly held between the peripheral edge of the main screen 5 by a ring 52 and the center is fixed to the rod 22 protruding from the deflector.
[0034]
Next, the formation of bubbles in the pendant type foam head of the present invention and the state of spraying the foam-like fire extinguishing liquid will be described with reference to FIG.
[0035]
In a pendant type foam head, when a fire occurs, the mixed solution K is ejected from the nozzle 12 and first collides with the vicinity of the center of the main screen 5 while flowing along the boss 15. The mixed liquid K that collides with the vicinity of the center of the main screen 5 is pushed into the mixed liquid that subsequently collides with air at the same time, and becomes a foam-like fire extinguisher B. The foam fire extinguisher formed by this main screen is not sufficiently uniform, and the expansion ratio is not so large as to be suitable for fire extinguishing.
[0036]
Next, the foam-like fire-extinguishing liquid B formed on the main screen 5 is dispersed in all directions by the deflector 2b and simultaneously collides with the sub-screen 6. Here, the foam-like fire-extinguishing liquid B is further made uniform by entraining air. At the same time, the expansion ratio is increased and scattered outward. In other words, in the upright type foam head of the present invention, the liquid mixture passes through the vicinity of the center of the main screen to form a foam, and after being dispersed by the deflector, it passes through the sub-screen and then passes through the screen twice. Uniformity and improvement of the expansion ratio are achieved.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the foam head of the present invention can make the foam uniform and form a foam with a high foaming rate by passing the liquid mixture ejected from the nozzle twice through the screen. In addition to being highly flammable, it not only has an excellent fire-extinguishing effect, but the closed-type foam head has a screen between the nozzle and the deflector. It's also reliable because it won't cause a lodge because it won't reach the deflector directly by being disturbed by the main screen.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an upright type closed foam head of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a pendant type closed foam head of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a pendant type open-type foam head of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a main screen used in the foam head of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the spraying state in the type of foam head. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the spraying state in the pendant type foam head of the present invention.
1 Main body 2a Deflector 3 Valve body 4 Thermal decomposition part 5 Main screen 6 Sub screen

Claims (4)

Body and the nozzle is bored in, together with the deflector at a position spaced from the nozzle is provided, between the nozzle and the deflector in the open foam head main screen is installed, two from the body near The open-type foam head is characterized in that the arm is curved and protrudes, and the tip of the arm is connected to a boss, and the deflector and the main screen are spaced apart from the boss. A nozzle is drilled in the main body, a deflector is installed at a position away from the nozzle, a main screen is installed between the nozzle and the deflector, and two arms are curved and project from the vicinity of the main body. The tip of the arm is connected to a boss, a deflector is installed at the tip of the boss, a main screen is installed on the outer periphery of the boss, the nozzle is sealed with a valve body, and the valve body and the boss are A closed-type foam head, which is held by a thermal decomposition portion provided therebetween. 3. The foam head according to claim 1, wherein a hole is formed in the center of the main screen, and the hole is inserted into the boss. In front of the deflector, bubble head 3 according to claims 1, characterized in that it is installed further sub screen.

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