JP4189420B2 - Waste plastic processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste plastic processing apparatus that performs a dechlorination process for removing harmful chlorine contained in waste plastic in order to turn waste plastic into a solid fuel or oil.

  When waste plastic is turned into solid fuel or oil, it is necessary to remove the harmful chlorine contained in the waste plastic and make it harmless. Without such detoxification treatment, when the produced solid fuel or oil is burned, not only chlorine gas is generated, but also highly toxic substances such as dioxins can be produced. The detoxification treatment can be performed by thermally decomposing waste plastic to release hydrogen chloride.

  As a conventional waste plastic processing apparatus that performs such processing, a waste plastic processing apparatus having a thermal decomposition apparatus that heats and decomposes waste plastic is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-200093 (page 3 to page 4, FIG. 1)

  As described above, the waste plastic processing apparatus has a thermal decomposition apparatus that thermally decomposes the waste plastic, and the plastic is decomposed into oil gas and residue in the thermal decomposition apparatus. However, there are cases where the residue generated from the thermal decomposition apparatus is clogged and stable operation cannot be performed.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such points, and provides a waste plastic processing apparatus capable of smoothly discharging a residue and performing stable operation while maintaining high energy efficiency. Objective.

  The present invention has a demineralizer that heats waste plastic and releases chlorine to produce molten plastic, one end side and the other end side, and heats the molten plastic from the demineralizer to heat oil gas and residue A thermal decomposition apparatus that thermally decomposes, and the thermal decomposition apparatus is disposed in the heating jacket, an outer cylinder having a residue discharge nozzle and an oil gas discharge nozzle, and rotatable in the outer cylinder. And an inner cylinder for sending the oil gas and residue generated by pyrolyzing the molten plastic to the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder has an inlet for molten plastic at one end and the residue at the other end. A waste plastic processing apparatus having a discharge slit to be sent to a cylinder side.

  The present invention is a waste plastic processing apparatus characterized in that a residue transfer / discharge mechanism is installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder to send the residue sent into the outer cylinder to a residue discharge nozzle.

  The present invention is the waste plastic processing apparatus characterized in that the heating temperature of the heating jacket has a temperature distribution such that one end side is low and the other end side is high.

  The present invention is characterized in that the temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder is measured by an oil gas temperature detector, and the heating temperature of the heating jacket is controlled by the control unit based on the measured temperature of the oil gas. Waste plastic processing equipment.

  In the present invention, a rotary molten plastic charging machine is installed at the molten plastic inlet of the inner cylinder, and the temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder is measured by an oil gas temperature detector. The waste plastic processing apparatus is characterized in that the number of revolutions of the molten plastic charging machine is controlled by the control unit according to the measured temperature.

  In the present invention, a rotary molten plastic charging machine is installed at the molten plastic inlet of the inner cylinder, and the temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder is measured by an oil gas temperature detector. When the measured temperature falls below the reference temperature, the waste plastic processing apparatus is controlled by the control unit so as to stop the molten plastic charging machine and reversely rotate the inner cylinder.

  In the present invention, a rotary molten plastic charging machine is installed at the molten plastic inlet of the inner cylinder, and the temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder is measured by an oil gas temperature detector. When the measured temperature rises above the reference temperature, the waste plastic processing apparatus is controlled by the control unit so as to resume the operation of the molten plastic charging machine and return the inner cylinder to the normal rotation.

  According to the present invention, an inert gas injection nozzle that injects an inert gas toward the discharge slit of the inner cylinder is installed in the outer cylinder, and the inert gas is injected from the inert gas injection nozzle toward the discharge slit. This is a waste plastic processing apparatus.

  In the present invention, a rotary molten plastic charging machine is installed at the molten plastic charging port of the inner cylinder, and the pressure of oil gas in the outer cylinder is measured by an oil gas detector, and the measured pressure in the outer cylinder is measured. When the pressure rises above the reference pressure, the molten plastic charging machine is stopped, the inner cylinder is rotated in reverse, the inert gas is injected from the inert gas injection nozzle toward the discharge slit, and the residue accumulated in the discharge slit is blown away. This is a waste plastic processing apparatus characterized by the above.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the residue in the inner cylinder is not clogged in the discharge slit, and the residue in the inner cylinder can be smoothly discharged from the outer cylinder to the outside through the residue discharge nozzle. . Further, the operation of the thermal decomposition apparatus can be made continuous and leveled, and it is possible to provide a waste plastic processing apparatus that is simple and inexpensive and has a safe thermal decomposition apparatus.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of a waste plastic processing apparatus according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste plastic processing apparatus generates a molten plastic by heating the waste plastic to release chlorine and removing chlorine from the waste plastic charging apparatus 1 having the waste plastic retention part 2 for storing the waste plastic input. Desalination apparatus 3, molten plastic hopper 4 provided downstream of desalting apparatus 3 and containing molten plastic, and thermal decomposition apparatus 8 connected to molten plastic hopper 4 via rotary molten plastic charging machine 5 And.

  Among these, the waste plastic charging device 1 includes a screw 1c disposed below the waste plastic retention portion 2, a drive motor 1a for driving the screw 1c, and a drive motor control device 1b. The waste plastic retention part 2 is provided with a waste plastic level detector 2a. When it is detected by the level detector 2a that more than a certain amount of waste plastic has been put into the waste plastic retention part 2, the drive motor 1a is driven by the drive motor control part 1c.

  Further, a shutter mechanism 6 is installed between the waste plastic charging device 1 and the desalting device 3. Furthermore, the desalting apparatus 3 includes a screw 3c that pressurizes the waste plastic, a drive motor 3a that drives the screw 3c, and a drive motor control device 3b.

  The molten plastic hopper 4 temporarily stores the molten plastic sent from the demineralizer 3, and chlorine released from the molten plastic is discharged outward from the demineralized gas pipe 7.

  The molten plastic in the molten plastic hopper 4 is agitated by a scraper 4b driven by a drive motor 4c, and the drive motor 4c is controlled by a drive motor control device 4d. In the molten plastic hopper 4, a molten plastic level detector 4a is installed. The molten plastic hopper 4 is heated by the heating means 4e, and the wall surface of the molten plastic hopper 4 is measured by a thermometer 4f.

  Further, the molten plastic feeding machine 5 has a screw 5c, a drive motor 5a for driving the screw 5c, and a drive motor control device 5b. Based on the signal from the molten plastic level detector 4a, the drive motor 5a is driven by the drive motor controller 5b.

  Next, the thermal decomposition apparatus 8 will be described. The thermal decomposition apparatus 8 has an elongated shape having one end side 19a and the other end side 19b, and thermally decomposes the molten plastic 7 into oil gas and residue. Such a thermal decomposition apparatus 8 is arranged in a heating jacket 18a, a heating jacket 18a, an outer cylinder 18b having a residue discharge nozzle 8d and an oil gas discharge nozzle 8f, and a rotatable arrangement in the outer cylinder 18b. And an inner cylinder 18c that thermally decomposes the molten plastic and sends the generated oil gas and residue to the outer cylinder 18b.

  Among these, an inlet 8c into which the molten plastic from the molten plastic charging machine 5 is charged is provided at one end side 19a of the inner cylinder 18c, and a discharge slit for supplying residue to the outer cylinder 18b side at the other end side 19b. 8h is provided.

  Further, a residue transfer / discharge mechanism 9 is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 18b to send the residue in the outer cylinder 18b to the residue discharge slit 8h, and the residue transfer / discharge mechanism 9 is driven by a drive motor 9a. The drive motor 9a is driven and controlled by a drive motor control device 9b.

  The inner cylinder 18c is driven by a drive motor 8a, and the drive motor 8a is driven and controlled by a drive motor control device 8b.

  A residue discharge valve 11 is installed in the residue discharge nozzle 8d of the outer cylinder 18b, and the residue discharge valve 11 is driven and controlled by a valve drive control device 11a.

  An inspection manhole 8j is provided on the other end side 19b of the outer cylinder 18b. Further, a temperature detector 8g and a pressure detector 8m for measuring the temperature and pressure of the oil gas are provided in the outer cylinder 18b. Based on the signal from the temperature detector 8g, the temperature control device 8h controls the temperature of the heating jacket 18a via the control unit 20. The outer cylinder 18b is provided with an inert gas injection nozzle 8k that injects an inert gas toward the vicinity of the discharge slit 8h of the inner cylinder 18c. Based on the signal from the pressure detector 8m, the control unit 8 controls the control valve 8l attached to the upstream side of the inert gas injection nozzle 8k.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

  First, the waste plastic charged into the waste plastic charging device 1 is retained in the waste plastic retention part 2. Next, the waste plastic in the waste plastic retention part 2 is sent to the desalting apparatus 3 through the shutter mechanism 6. In the desalinator 3, the waste plastic is pressurized by the screw 3 and heated to release chlorine, and at the same time, molten plastic is produced.

  The molten plastic produced in the desalting apparatus 3 is then sent to the molten plastic hopper 4, and chlorine gas from the molten plastic is discharged from the desalting gas pipe 7.

  When the molten plastic reaches a certain level in the molten plastic hopper 4, the drive motor 5a is driven by the drive motor control device 5b based on the signal from the molten plastic level detector 4a, and the molten plastic is thermally decomposed by the screw 5c. It is fed into the inner cylinder 18c of the device 8.

  The molten plastic sent into the inner cylinder 18c of the thermal decomposition apparatus 8 is sent from the inlet 8c to the discharge slit 8h side with the rotation of the inner cylinder 18c. The molten plastic is heated by the heating jacket 18a in the inner cylinder 18c and generates oil gas and residue while undergoing thermal decomposition.

  The oil gas and the residue generated in the inner cylinder 18c are sent to the outer cylinder 18b side from the discharge slit 8h provided in the inner cylinder 18c. In this case, since the molten plastic is introduced into the inner cylinder 18c from the insertion port 8c provided on the one end side 19a, the molten plastic is extruded toward the other end side 19b in the inner cylinder 18c. For this reason, oil gas and a residue can be easily sent out to the outer cylinder 18b side from the discharge slit 8h provided in the other end side 19b of the inner cylinder 18c.

  Further, the discharge slit 8h of the inner cylinder 18c is formed by opening the other end side of the inner cylinder 18c and has a very simple structure, so that there is less possibility that the discharge slit 8h is clogged with residues.

  The oil gas sent to the outer cylinder 18b side is then discharged outward from the oil gas discharge nozzle 8f provided on the one end side 19a. Further, the residue sent into the outer cylinder 18b is transferred to the residue discharge nozzle 8d side by the residue transfer / discharge mechanism 9, and is discharged to the outside through the residue discharge valve 11 from the discharge nozzle 8d.

  During this time, the temperature and pressure of the oil gas in the outer cylinder 18b are detected by the temperature detector 8g and the pressure detector 8m, respectively. Then, a signal from the temperature detector 8 g and a signal from the pressure detector 8 m are sent to the control unit 20.

  The control unit 20 sends a control signal to the temperature control device 8h, and drives and controls the heating jacket 18a by the temperature control device 8h. In this case, the temperature control device 8h controls the temperature of the heating jacket 18a so as to have a temperature distribution such that the one end side 19a side of the pyrolysis device 8 is low and the other end side 19b side is high.

  Further, the control unit 20 controls the drive motor control device 5b of the molten plastic feeding machine 5 based on the signal from the temperature detector 8g to adjust the rotation of the screw 5c.

  That is, during operation, the control unit 20 adjusts the rotation speed of the screw 5c based on a signal from the temperature detector 8g so that the temperature in the outer cylinder 18b becomes constant. In this case, when the temperature in the outer cylinder 18b falls, the rotational speed of the screw 5c is reduced, and when the temperature rises, the rotational speed of the screw 5c is increased.

  When the temperature in the outer cylinder 18b falls below the reference value, the control unit 20 stops the rotation of the screw 5c. At this time, the control unit 20 controls the drive motor control device 8b to reversely rotate the inner cylinder 18c, and closes the residue discharge valve 11 by the valve drive control device 11a.

  In this way, the residue maintained on the other end 19b in the inner cylinder 18c is prevented from being transferred from the discharge slit 8h to the outer cylinder 18b, and the residue in the outer cylinder 18b is transferred from the residue discharge nozzle 8d. Release to the outside is prevented.

  Thereafter, when the temperature detected by the temperature detector 8g returns to the reference value or more, the control unit 20 resumes the rotation of the screw 5c. At the same time, the inner cylinder 18c is returned to the normal rotation, and the residue discharge valve 11 is opened by the valve drive control device 11a.

  In this way, the residue in the inner cylinder 18c is sent from the discharge slit 8h to the outer cylinder 18b, and further discharged outward from the outer cylinder 18b via the residue discharge nozzle 8d.

  Further, based on the signal from the pressure detector 8m, the control unit 20 stops the screw 5c of the molten plastic feeding machine 5 when the pressure in the outer cylinder 18b reaches a reference value or more. At the same time, the drive motor control device 8b is controlled to reversely rotate the inner cylinder 18c, and the residue discharge valve 11 is closed by the valve drive control device 11a. In this way, the residue in the inner cylinder 18c is prevented from being transferred to the outer cylinder 18b side, and is prevented from being discharged outward from the residue discharge valve 11.

  Further, when the pressure in the outer cylinder 18b is equal to or higher than the reference value, the control unit 20 controls the control valve 8l to inject inert gas from the inert gas injection nozzle 8k toward the discharge screw 8h. In this way, the residue collected in the discharge slit 8h is blown off by the inert gas. As a result, the residue adhering to the discharge slit 8h can be removed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the residue can be smoothly fed from the inner cylinder 18c through the discharge slit 8h into the outer cylinder 18b and reliably discharged outward from the residue discharge nozzle 8d.

1 is a schematic system diagram showing an embodiment of a waste plastic processing apparatus according to the present invention. The figure which shows the inside of a thermal decomposition apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste plastic injection apparatus 2 Waste plastic retention part 3 Desalination apparatus 4 Molten plastic hopper 5 Molten plastic injection machine 8 Thermal decomposition apparatus 8d Residue discharge nozzle 8h Discharge slit 9 Residue transfer discharge mechanism 18a Heating jacket 18b Outer cylinder 18c Inner cylinder 20 Control Part

Claims (8)

A desalination unit that heats waste plastic and releases chlorine to produce molten plastic;
Having a one end side and the other end side, comprising a thermal decomposition apparatus that heats the molten plastic from the desalination apparatus to thermally decompose it into oil gas and residue;
This thermal decomposition apparatus was produced by thermally decomposing molten plastic disposed in a heating jacket, an outer cylinder disposed in the heating jacket, having a residue discharge nozzle and an oil gas discharge nozzle, and rotatably disposed in the outer cylinder. An inner cylinder for sending oil gas and residue to the outer cylinder,
The inner cylinder has an inlet for molten plastic on one end side and a discharge slit for sending the residue to the outer cylinder side on the other end side,
Install an inert gas injection nozzle that injects inert gas toward the discharge slit of the inner cylinder on the outer cylinder,
A waste plastic processing apparatus, wherein an inert gas is jetted from an inert gas jet nozzle toward a discharge slit. A rotary molten plastic feeder is installed at the molten plastic inlet of the inner cylinder.
Measure the pressure of oil gas in the outer cylinder with an oil gas pressure detector, and when the measured pressure in the outer cylinder rises above the reference pressure, stop the molten plastic dosing machine and rotate the inner cylinder in the reverse direction. 2. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an inert gas is jetted from the gas jet nozzle toward the discharge slit, and the residue accumulated in the discharge slit is blown off.   The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a residue transfer / discharge mechanism is installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder to send the residue sent into the outer cylinder to a residue discharge nozzle.   The waste plastic processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating temperature of the heating jacket has a temperature distribution such that one end side is low and the other end side is high.   The temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder is measured by an oil gas temperature detector, and the heating temperature of the heating jacket is controlled by the control unit based on the measured temperature of the oil gas. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to any one of 4. A rotary molten plastic feeder is installed at the molten plastic inlet of the inner cylinder.
The temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder is measured by an oil gas temperature detector, and the number of revolutions of the molten plastic charging machine is controlled by the control unit based on the measured temperature of the oil gas. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to any one of 1 to 5. A rotary molten plastic feeder is installed at the molten plastic inlet of the inner cylinder.
Measure the temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder with an oil gas temperature detector, and when the measured temperature of the oil gas falls below the reference temperature, stop the molten plastic charging machine and reversely rotate the inner cylinder The waste plastic processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the waste plastic processing apparatus is controlled by a control unit. A rotary molten plastic feeder is installed at the molten plastic inlet of the inner cylinder.
Measure the temperature of the oil gas discharged from the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder with an oil gas temperature detector, and when the measured temperature of the oil gas rises above the reference temperature, restart the molten plastic feeder and correct the inner cylinder. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the waste plastic processing apparatus is controlled by a control unit to return to rotation.

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