JP4172772B2 - Root canal model manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a root canal model capable of visualizing a root canal shape, a method for manufacturing such a root canal model, a method for adjusting such a root canal model, a dental hand instrument, and a dental hand instrument. The present invention relates to an adjusting device. Such a root canal model is effectively used as a root canal enlargement model when the root canal is enlarged to treat the root canal.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the importance of root canal treatment has been recognized again in dentistry. For example, root canal treatment is performed on the root canal that has caused pulpitis to prevent inflammation from spreading to the periodontal tissue at the apex. Even if the root canal has a straight shape, much effort and time are required for root canal treatment. In particular, when the shape of the root canal is curved, further difficulty is associated with the root canal treatment. The root canal has a curved shape only at the apex, a gentle curve at the entire root, a remarkable curvature at the entire root, a sickle-shaped curve, and a gun-shaped curve. It is classified into a curved root canal and a curved root canal. In general, the later the root canal treatment becomes more difficult.
[0003]
Until now, in order to improve the accuracy of root canal treatment, X-rays have been used to clarify the inside of the jawbone and the root of the tooth, which cannot be seen with the naked eye. However, the X-ray photograph is a cross-sectional photograph including the root canal portion, and the three-dimensional shape of the root canal portion cannot always be grasped. Therefore, in order to grasp the three-dimensional shape of the root canal, a plurality of radiographs were taken, and the surgeon assumed a three-dimensional shape of the root canal. Then, based on the assumed three-dimensional shape of the root canal, the root canal treatment was performed after adjusting the shape of the dental hand instrument. However, there is a problem that the three-dimensional shape of the root canal is not always clear even by a plurality of X-ray photographs. In addition, there is a problem that the amount of exposure of the patient increases as the number of X-ray imaging increases.
[0004]
Further, when the curved root canal is enlarged, there are fears that various problems such as breakage and perforation may occur. Therefore, the shape of the dental hand instrument is adjusted by a pre-curve method or the like. The pre-curve method is a method in which the shape of a dental hand instrument such as a dental reamer or a dental file used for root canal treatment is bent in advance in consideration of changes in root canal shape or treatment. In addition, dentists perform root canal treatment by adjusting the tip of the hand device so that it approaches the shape of the apical hole. However, dentists assume a three-dimensional shape of the root canal based on a cross-sectional photograph of the root canal, such as a radiograph of the root canal, and adjust the tip shape of the hand device, so it is not necessarily suitable for root canal treatment. There was a problem that it could not be adjusted. In other words, there is a problem for dentists that a dental instrument suitable for root canal treatment is not always obtained, and skill is required to perform root canal treatment.
[0005]
Since root canal treatment is not a treatment that is performed directly by the patient, the patient tends to be anxious and it is difficult to obtain understanding from the patient.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is a first object of the present invention to provide a root canal model manufacturing apparatus, a root canal model, and a root canal model manufacturing method capable of visualizing the root canal shape.
[0007]
The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a root canal model in consideration of a deviation from a root canal shape required for a dental hand instrument during root canal treatment, such a root canal model, and such a root canal model. A second object is to provide a method for adjusting the shape of a conventional dental hand instrument.
[0008]
The present invention includes a root canal shape required for a dental hand instrument during root canal treatment, a shape adjusting device for a dental hand instrument in consideration of deviation from the root canal shape, and the like. A third object is to provide an apparatus for manufacturing a dental hand instrument.
[0009]
It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for manufacturing a dental hand instrument that takes into account the root canal shape and the deviation from the root canal shape required for a dental hand instrument during root canal treatment. And
[0010]
The present invention relates to a dental hand instrument whose shape is adjusted in consideration of a root canal shape required for a dental hand instrument during root canal treatment and a deviation from the root canal shape, or the like. A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a root canal treatment method using a dental hand instrument manufactured in consideration of a root canal shape required for a dental hand instrument and a deviation from the root canal shape. And
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
At least one of the above inventions is solved by the following invention.
That is, the invention according to the first aspect of the present invention is described as follows: “Image reading means for reading an image including a root canal and information on an image including the root canal read by the image reading means, Image processing means for performing the processing, display means for displaying at least a stereoscopic image of the root canal processed by the image processing means, and a root canal stereoscopic image processed by the image processing means. A root canal model manufacturing apparatus including a model manufacturing means for manufacturing a three-dimensional model. According to such a root canal model manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to create a root canal model having the same shape as the patient's root canal shape or having a predetermined change. When pulpitis or root canal is infected, enlarge the root canal and clean it. This is a treatment called root canal treatment. For this root canal treatment, a root canal enlargement device (a dental hand device) such as a reamer, a K file, or an H file is used which has a needle shape and a tip. Root canals are not straight, but are almost always curved, and some are bent more than once. Therefore, the surgeon deforms and uses the tip of the needle-like root canal enlargement device in accordance with the shape of the root canal. The root canal model of the present invention is particularly effectively used in root canal treatment for expanding the root canal. Further, in the present invention, the root canal shape can be three-dimensionalized by, for example, one or two X-ray imaging, compared to a case where X-ray imaging is performed a plurality of times. Therefore, the patient's exposure can be reduced. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a stereoscopic image such as an image from the rear that cannot be taken anatomically.
[0012]
The invention according to the second aspect of the present invention is such that “an image reading unit that reads an image including a root canal, and a process of analyzing information about the image including the root canal read by the image reading unit and three-dimensionalizing the root canal. An image processing means for performing a three-dimensional image of the root canal in accordance with a stereoscopic image of the root canal processed by the image processing means, a display means for displaying at least a stereoscopic image of the root canal processed by the image processing means A root canal model manufacturing apparatus including a model manufacturing means for manufacturing a model, wherein the image processing means analyzes information on an image including a root canal read by the image reading means, and performs shape change according to a shape change calculation. This is a root canal model manufacturing apparatus that performs a three-dimensional process to form a three-dimensional image of a root canal that has been applied. According to such a root canal model manufacturing apparatus, a root canal model having a shape in which a predetermined change is added to a patient's root canal shape can be created. This root canal model is particularly effectively used in root canal treatment for expanding the root canal.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided: "Image reading means for reading an image including a root canal, and processing for analyzing information relating to an image including a root canal read by the image reading means to form a three-dimensional root canal" According to the image processing means, a display means for displaying at least a three-dimensional image of the root canal processed by the image processing means, and a three-dimensional image information of the root canal processed by the image processing means. And a shape adjusting means for adjusting the shape of the instrument.
The invention according to the third aspect of the present invention is preferably that “the image processing unit analyzes information on an image including the root canal read by the image reading unit and performs shape change according to shape change calculation. A dental hand instrument shape adjusting device that performs a three-dimensional process to form a three-dimensional image. According to such a dental hand instrument shape adjusting device, the shape of the dental hand instrument can be adjusted to a desired shape for the root canal treatment of each patient.
[0014]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an “image reading means for reading an image including a root canal, and a process for analyzing information relating to an image including a root canal read by the image reading means to form a three-dimensional root canal. According to the image processing means, a display means for displaying at least a three-dimensional image of the root canal processed by the image processing means, and a three-dimensional image information of the root canal processed by the image processing means. A dental hand instrument manufacturing apparatus including a dental instrument manufacturing means for manufacturing an instrument. According to such a dental hand instrument manufacturing apparatus, a dental hand instrument having a desired shape for root canal treatment for each patient can be manufactured.
[0015]
The invention according to the fifth aspect of the present invention provides a root canal treatment method using a dental hand instrument whose shape has been adjusted using the dental hand instrument shape adjusting apparatus, and the dental hand use described above. This is a root canal treatment method using a dental hand instrument manufactured using an instrument manufacturing apparatus. According to this root canal treatment method, the dental canal treatment can be performed relatively smoothly because it can be performed using a dental hand instrument having a shape desirable for the root canal treatment of each patient.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIG. 1, the schematic of the root canal model manufacturing apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the root canal model manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment includes an image reading unit 2, an image processing unit 3, a model manufacturing unit 4, and a display unit 5. The root canal model manufacturing apparatus may include only the image processing unit 3 and the model manufacturing unit 4 as long as the root canal model manufacturing device has a connection unit that can be connected to the image reading unit and the display unit.
[0017]
The image reading unit 2 functions as an image reading unit in the present invention. As the image reading unit, a known image reading unit can be used as long as it can read an image including a root canal, and is not particularly limited. Examples of such image reading means include known scanners, digital cameras, CCD cameras, and the like. For example, X-ray photographs including a patient's root canal may be read by these image reading means, digitized, and accumulated. The X-ray apparatus itself may function as an image reading unit. In the present specification, the “image including the root canal” includes an X-ray photograph including the root canal of the patient. In X-ray photography, the root canal usually appears darker than the surrounding area. For this reason, the planar shape of the root canal can be grasped from the X-ray photograph even with the naked eye.
[0018]
The image including the root canal read by the image reading unit is digitized by, for example, an A / D converter included in the image reading unit, and is sent to the image processing unit.
[0019]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the image processing unit 3 and the model manufacturing unit 4 in the root canal model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention. The image processing unit 3 and the model manufacturing unit 4 function as the image processing unit 3 and the model manufacturing unit 4, respectively.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 2, the image processing unit 3 includes (1) a root canal identification unit 31 that identifies a root canal part from information related to an image including a root canal read by the image reading unit, and (2) root canal identification. The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 that forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal from the shape of the root canal part identified by the unit 31, and (3) image information regarding the root canal obtained from the image reading unit and the root canal identifying unit identified An image information storage unit 33 for storing information about the shape of the root canal part, information about a stereoscopic image formed by the stereoscopic image forming unit, (4) an image processing unit 3, a model manufacturing unit 4, a display unit (not shown), Input unit, a connection unit 34 connected to a peripheral device (output device, router, etc.) not shown, and (5) an image processing control unit 35 that controls the operation of the entire image processing unit.
[0021]
Examples of the root canal identification unit 31 include a density identification circuit that identifies a root canal part based on the density information in each pixel from information about an image including the root canal read by the image reading unit. About the precision and threshold value which a root canal identification part identifies, you may memorize | store beforehand in memory | storage means, such as ROM and RAM, which are contained in a root canal identification part. The accuracy and threshold value identified by the root canal identification unit may be connected to the connection unit 34, input by an input unit (not shown), and controlled by the image processing control unit 35 or the like. Information regarding the root canal shape identified by the root canal identification unit 31 is preferably stored in the image information storage unit 33 via the image processing control unit 35.
[0022]
The root canal portion recognized by the root canal identification unit 31 is preferably connected to the connection unit 34 and displayed by a display unit (not shown). In this way, the planar shape of the patient's root canal can be visually observed. Further, if the image information storage unit 33 stores information on the shape of the root canal part, the root canal part can be confirmed at any time even if the X-ray photograph or the like is discarded, and the convenience of management and the like is improved. Space can be saved.
[0023]
The stereoscopic image forming unit 32 forms a stereoscopic image of the root canal from the shape of the root canal part identified by the root canal identifying unit 31. Based on the shape of the root canal part identified by the root canal identification part 31, the stereoscopic image forming part 32 is based on polygon (solid polygon etc.) information input by the input means connected to the connection part 34. That form a three-dimensional image of a root canal made of a solid polygon or the like. As such a three-dimensional forming unit, for example, a computer in which a known three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) software such as Meta Creations' Canoma, especially an image-aided modeling software is installed is used. be able to. The image support modeling software refers to software for making a three-dimensional shape assuming a three-dimensional shape from a planar shape photograph or the like. In the present specification, examples of the “solid polygon etc.” include a cylinder, a cone, a truncated cone, a polygonal column such as a quadrangular prism / triangular prism, a polygonal pyramid such as a quadrangular pyramid / triangular pyramid, a sphere, etc. Consists only of a cylinder, a cone, and a truncated cone.
[0024]
The three-dimensional image forming unit is preferably capable of forming a three-dimensional image of a root canal from image information derived from an image including one or two root canals. That is, the three-dimensional image forming unit may form a three-dimensional image of the root canal by predicting the three-dimensional image from image information including one root canal, or a root canal photographed from a different cross section. The root canal stereoscopic image may be formed by predicting the root canal stereoscopic image using an image including the root canal. In addition, since the more accurate three-dimensional image of the root canal can be obtained as the number of images including the root canal, the image including the root canal used in the present invention is not limited to one or two, Three, four or more may be used. However, it is not preferable to increase the number of images including the root canal because, for example, when the image including the root canal is an X-ray photograph, the exposure dose of the patient is increased.
[0025]
As described above, the root canal treatment is not a treatment that is performed directly by the patient. Therefore, the patient tends to be anxious and it is difficult to obtain understanding from the patient. Like the present invention, if a root canal model of the patient's root canal shape is created, information such as informed consent to the patient, difficulty of root canal treatment and time taken to perform root canal treatment, more It can be explained accurately. In addition, since the root canal shape can be easily grasped three-dimensionally, the burden on the surgeon's own root canal treatment is reduced.
[0026]
The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 grasps the outline of the root canal part based on the shape of the root canal part identified by the root canal identifying part 31, and applies a plurality of three-dimensional polygons and the like to this outline, It is another preferred embodiment of the present invention that forms a three-dimensional image of a root canal composed of a square or the like. In particular, the three-dimensional image forming unit 32 grasps the outline of the root canal part based on the shape of the root canal part identified by the root canal identification part 31, and applies a plurality of truncated cones to the outline, thereby providing a plurality of cones. What forms a three-dimensional image of a root canal composed of a platform is another preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the number of truncated cones is preferably 2 to 100, more preferably 2 to The number is 10, more preferably 3 to 8, and particularly preferably 3 to 5. A more accurate 3D image can be created as the number of 3D polygons such as a truncated cone increases, but the 3D processing becomes complicated when the number is too large.
[0027]
The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 has storage means such as a ROM that stores a plurality of data related to the three-dimensional shape of the root canal portion in advance, and automatically from the shape of the root canal portion identified by the root canal identifying unit 31 What forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal is another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, what forms the stereo image which expanded the root canal automatically from the shape of the root canal part which the three-dimensional image formation part 32 identified by the root canal identification part 31 is another preferable embodiment of this invention. .
[0028]
The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 uses precurve storage means for storing information about the precurve and information about the three-dimensional shape of the root canal, and refers to the information about the precurve stored in the precurve storage means, so that the root considering the precurve is considered. What forms a stereoscopic image of a tube is another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The pre-curve storage means may be configured as a database that stores a plurality of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinate data of the root canal and a plurality of shapes taking into account a pre-curve such as the shape of a preferred dental reamer. In this way, it is possible to manufacture a root canal model in consideration of the pre-curve, and the operator only has to control a dental hand instrument such as a dental reamer according to the shape of the root canal model. Become.
[0029]
The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 includes a three-dimensional image calculation unit that forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal in consideration of the pre-curve by taking into account the curvature of the root canal and applying a predetermined change reflecting the knowledge of the operator. It is another preferred embodiment of the present invention that forms a stereoscopic image of the root canal in consideration of the pre-curve calculated by the calculation unit. In this way, it is possible to manufacture a root canal model in consideration of the pre-curve, and the operator only has to control a dental hand instrument such as a dental reamer according to the shape of the root canal model. Become. As such a surgeon's knowledge, for example, as seen in the later-described shape change calculation, the root canal shape is expanded to a shape similar to the root canal shape, or the root canal is expanded as straight as possible. Things.
[0030]
As the shape change in the shape change calculation, there is one that changes the shape so as to expand to a shape similar to the root canal shape. Such a shape change is particularly effective in root canal treatment in which the root canal shape is expanded as it is. As an enlargement ratio of the root canal shape, there is one in which the length of a certain side is 1.01 to 1.5 times, preferably 1.05 to 1.3 times, more preferably 1.1 to 1.2 times. The calculation for enlarging the root canal shape to a similar shape in this way can be easily performed by, for example, a shape change calculation for enlarging the shape of the image after recognizing the image of the root canal.
[0031]
As another shape change in the shape change calculation, there is one that changes the shape so as to increase the degree of curvature on the curved inner surface side so as to make the curved root canal as close to a conical shape as possible. Such a shape change is particularly effective in root canal treatment in which the curvature of the root canal is minimized. The calculation for changing the root canal shape in this way can be easily performed by, for example, a shape change calculation for recognizing the curvature of the entire shape of the image after recognizing the image of the root canal and increasing the curvature. In this case, the rate of increase in curvature includes 1.01 to 3 times, preferably 1.1 to 2 times, and more preferably 1.3 to 1.5 times.
The calculation for changing the root canal shape in this way can be easily performed by a shape change calculation for increasing the shape of the curved inner surface of the image after recognizing the image of the root canal.
[0032]
The image information storage unit 33 stores image information relating to the root canal transmitted from the image reading unit, information relating to the shape of the root canal portion identified by the root canal identification unit, information relating to the stereoscopic image formed by the stereoscopic image forming unit, and the like. . The image information storage unit 33 includes, for example, one having a known storage unit such as a ROM or a RAM. The various information stored by the image information storage unit 33 is preferably managed and stored by a relational database or the like.
[0033]
As the connection unit 34, known connection means such as a connector can be used as long as the image processing unit 3 and the model manufacturing unit 4 can be connected. The connection unit 34 is preferably connected to at least one of a display unit (not shown), an input unit (not shown), and peripheral devices (output device, router, etc.) (not shown).
[0034]
The image processing control unit 35 controls the operation of the entire image processing unit. The image processing control unit 35 can perform its function by a CPU of a known computer. In addition, the image processing unit 3 may be provided with the function by hardware, or may function by causing the computer or the like to install a program including means for performing the above functions.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 2, the model manufacturing unit 4 includes (1) a cutting unit 41 that manufactures a root canal model by cutting a body to be cut, and (2) a cutting unit that cuts the body to be cut. The cutting command unit 42 for sending commands related to the part to be cut and the depth, and (3) information about the stereoscopic image formed by the stereoscopic image forming unit transmitted from the image processing unit 3, the shape, material, hardness, etc. of the cutting material A cutting information storage unit 43 to be stored; (4) a connection unit 44 that connects the model manufacturing unit 4 and the image processing unit 3; and (5) a model manufacturing unit control unit 45 that controls the operation of the entire model manufacturing unit. It comprises. As the model manufacturing unit 4, a known three-dimensional shape cutting apparatus such as MODELA series manufactured by Roland D.C. may be used.
[0036]
The cutting part 41 is a part which cuts a to-be-cut body and manufactures a root canal model. As a material of the object to be cut, known engineering plastics such as epoxy, acrylic, methacrylic, polycarbonate, and polyvinyl can be used singly or in combination of two or more, and epoxy is preferable. Examples of the color of the object to be cut include colorless and transparent and colored and transparent, but are preferably colorless and transparent. This is because the created root canal portion can be viewed from various angles if it is transparent. Examples of the shape of the workpiece include known three-dimensional shapes such as a columnar shape, a half columnar shape, a quadrangular columnar shape, and a hexagonal columnar shape, preferably a half columnar shape or a columnar shape. If a half-cut cylindrical workpiece is used, a three-dimensional root canal model including a cross-sectional view of the root canal can be obtained. If a cylindrical workpiece is used, the root canal can be viewed from various directions. A root canal-shaped model whose shape can be visually observed can be obtained.
[0037]
The cutting command unit 42 has a function of issuing a command related to a part and a depth at which the cutting unit cuts the object to be cut to the cutting unit 41.
[0038]
The cutting information storage unit 43 stores information related to the stereoscopic image formed by the stereoscopic image forming unit transmitted from the image processing unit 3, the shape, material, hardness, and the like of the cutting material. As the cutting information storage unit 43, for example, a unit having a known storage unit such as a ROM or a RAM can be used. The various information stored in the cutting information storage unit 43 is preferably managed and stored by a relational database or the like.
[0039]
As the connection unit 44, known connection means such as a connector can be used as long as it can connect the model manufacturing unit 4 and the image processing unit 3.
[0040]
The model manufacturing unit control unit 45 controls the operation of the entire model manufacturing unit. The model manufacturing unit control unit 45 can be performed by a CPU of a known computer. The model manufacturing unit control unit 45 and the image processing control unit 35 may be provided separately or may be provided integrally. The model manufacturing unit 4 may be provided with hardware functions, or may function by causing a computer or the like to install a program including means for performing each function described above.
[0041]
The display unit is not particularly limited as long as it can function as a display unit that can visualize the root canal shape and the like processed by the image processing unit 3. Examples of the display unit include known display means such as a CRT, a liquid crystal monitor, an organic EL monitor, and a plasma display panel.
[0042]
An example of the manufacturing process of the root canal model in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, S represents a step (process).
In manufacturing the root canal model, the image reading means reads an image including the root canal (S1).
[0043]
Information relating to the image including the root canal read by the image reading unit is converted into digital information by an A / D converter built in the image reading unit, for example, and transmitted to the image processing unit (S2).
[0044]
Information about the image including the root canal transmitted to the image processing unit is stored in the image information storage unit (S3).
[0045]
The root canal identification unit identifies a root canal portion from the image based on the information related to the image including the root canal transmitted to the image processing unit (S4). It is a preferred embodiment of the present invention that information regarding the identified root canal portion is stored in the image information storage unit. In addition, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention that the information regarding the identified root canal portion is connected to the connection portion 34 and displayed by a display portion (not shown).
[0046]
The three-dimensional image forming unit is configured to generate a plurality of three-dimensional images based on polygon (three-dimensional polygonal) information input by an input unit connected to the connection unit based on the shape of the root canal portion identified by the root canal identification unit. A three-dimensional image of the root canal composed of a square or the like is formed (S5).
[0047]
The three-dimensional image forming unit grasps the outline of the root canal part based on the shape of the root canal part identified by the root canal identification unit, and applies a plurality of three-dimensional polygons, etc. It is another preferred embodiment of the present invention that forms a three-dimensional image of a root canal composed of a square or the like. In addition, the stereoscopic image forming unit has storage means such as a ROM that stores a plurality of data relating to the stereoscopic shape of the root canal portion in advance, and automatically from the shape of the root canal portion identified by the root canal identifying portion. What forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal is another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0048]
The three-dimensional shape of the root canal formed by the three-dimensional shape forming step is displayed by the display means (S6). Based on the planar shape or the three-dimensional shape of the root canal displayed on the display means, a solid polygon or the like is applied or reapplied to obtain the three-dimensional shape of the root canal, and the corrected three-dimensional shape is displayed on the display means. This is another embodiment of the present invention. Note that information regarding the three-dimensional shape of the root canal formed by the three-dimensional shape forming step and information regarding the three-dimensional polygon are preferably stored in the image information storage unit.
[0049]
Information on the three-dimensional shape of the root canal formed by the three-dimensional shape forming step is transmitted to the model manufacturing department, and processing for converting the information into the object to be cut is performed (S7). The model manufacturing control unit transmits to the cutting command unit cutting command information such as the position, depth, and speed of cutting the object to be cut from information on the three-dimensional shape of the root canal and information on the shape of the object to be cut.
[0050]
The operation of the cutting unit is controlled by the cutting command unit, and the object to be cut is cut (S8). The model manufacturing unit is preferably provided with a cutting part detecting means such as a CCD camera for detecting a cut part of the object to be cut, and information on the cutting part detected by the cutting part detecting means is fed back to the model manufacturing control part. The If such a feedback mechanism is provided, the object to be cut can be cut without much deviation from the originally planned cutting portion.
[0051]
Thus, the cut object is manufactured as a root canal portion cut into a transparent prismatic or halved columnar epoxy resin, for example. In this way, a root canal model can be obtained.
[0052]
The dental hand instrument shape adjusting device of the present invention includes, for example, an image reading unit 2, an image processing unit 3, a display unit 5, and a shape adjusting unit 6, although not particularly illustrated. Further, the dental hand instrument shape adjusting device may include the image processing unit 3 and the shape adjusting unit 6 as long as it has a connection unit that can be connected to the image reading unit and the display unit.
[0053]
The image reading unit 2 functions as an image reading unit in the present invention. As the image reading unit, a known image reading unit can be used as long as it can read an image including a root canal, and is not particularly limited. Examples of such image reading means include known scanners, digital cameras, CCD cameras, and the like as described above. For example, X-ray photographs including a patient's root canal may be read by these image reading means, digitized, and accumulated. The X-ray apparatus itself may function as an image reading unit.
[0054]
The image including the root canal read by the image reading unit is digitized by, for example, an A / D converter included in the image reading unit, and is sent to the image processing unit.
[0055]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the image processing unit 3 and the shape adjusting unit 6 in the dental hand instrument adjusting device of the present invention. The image processing unit 3 and the shape adjusting unit 6 function as an image processing unit and a shape adjusting unit, respectively.
[0056]
As shown in FIG. 4, the image processing unit 3 includes (1) a root canal identification unit 31 that identifies a root canal part from information related to an image including a root canal read by the image reading unit, and (2) root canal identification. The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 that forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal from the shape of the root canal part identified by the unit 31, and (3) image information regarding the root canal obtained from the image reading unit and the root canal identifying unit identified An image information storage unit 33 for storing information about the shape of the root canal part, information about a stereoscopic image formed by the stereoscopic image forming unit, (4) an image processing unit 3, a model manufacturing unit 4, a display unit (not shown), Input unit, a connection unit 34 connected to a peripheral device (output device, router, etc.) not shown, and (5) an image processing control unit 35 that controls the operation of the entire image processing unit.
[0057]
Examples of the root canal identification unit 31 include a density identification circuit that identifies a root canal part based on the density information in each pixel from information about an image including the root canal read by the image reading unit. About the precision and threshold value which a root canal identification part identifies, you may memorize | store beforehand in memory | storage means, such as ROM and RAM, which are contained in a root canal identification part. The accuracy and threshold value identified by the root canal identification unit may be connected to the connection unit 34, input by an input unit (not shown), and controlled by the image processing control unit 35 or the like. Information regarding the root canal shape identified by the root canal identification unit 31 is preferably stored in the image information storage unit 33 via the image processing control unit 35.
[0058]
The root canal portion recognized by the root canal identification unit 31 is preferably connected to the connection unit 34 and displayed by a display unit (not shown). In this way, the planar shape of the patient's root canal can be visually observed. Further, if the image information storage unit 33 stores information on the shape of the root canal part, the root canal part can be confirmed at any time even if the X-ray photograph or the like is discarded, and the convenience of management and the like is improved. Space can be saved.
[0059]
The stereoscopic image forming unit 32 forms a stereoscopic image of the root canal from the shape of the root canal part identified by the root canal identifying unit 31. Based on the shape of the root canal part identified by the root canal identification part 31, the stereoscopic image forming part 32 is based on polygon (solid polygon etc.) information input by the input means connected to the connection part 34. That form a three-dimensional image of a root canal made of a solid polygon or the like. As such a three-dimensional forming unit, for example, a computer in which a known three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) software such as Meta Creations' Canoma, especially an image-aided modeling software is installed is used. be able to. The image support modeling software refers to software for making a three-dimensional shape assuming a three-dimensional shape from a planar shape photograph or the like.
[0060]
The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 has storage means such as a ROM that stores a plurality of data relating to the three-dimensional shape of the root canal portion in advance, and analyzes information related to the image including the root canal and stores the information in advance. It is another preferred embodiment of the present invention that changes the three-dimensional shape of the root canal in accordance with the shape change calculation received by, and automatically forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal with the three-dimensional shape changed automatically. . If it does in this way, the desirable shape of a dental hand instrument can be obtained easily.
[0061]
The three-dimensional image forming unit 32 uses a deformation information storage unit that stores information about the root canal shape and deformation of the dental hand instrument, and a dental information stored in the deformation information storage unit using information about the three-dimensional shape of the root canal. It is a particularly preferable alternative of the present invention that forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal taking into account the difference between the tip shape and the root canal shape of the desired dental hand instrument by referring to the information on the deformation of the hand instrument. It is an embodiment. The deformation information storage means may be configured as a database storing a plurality of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinate data of the root canal and a preferable shape of a dental reamer. In this way, a preferable shape of a dental hand instrument such as a dental reamer can be easily obtained.
[0062]
The stereoscopic image forming unit 32 considers the curvature of the root canal shape and applies a predetermined change that reflects the operator's knowledge, thereby taking into account the deformation at the time of the operation (root canal stereoscopic image (of the dental hand instrument). There is a three-dimensional image calculation unit that forms a shape), and the one that forms a three-dimensional image of the root canal in consideration of the deformation in the operation calculated by the calculation unit is another most preferable embodiment of the present invention. If it does in this way, the shape of dental instruments, such as a dental reamer, can be preferably adjusted by obtaining the solid shape which considered the pre-curve. As such a surgeon's knowledge, for example, as seen in the later-described shape change calculation, the root canal shape is expanded to a shape similar to the root canal shape, or the root canal is expanded as straight as possible. Things.
[0063]
As the shape change in the shape change calculation, there is one that changes the shape so as to expand to a shape similar to the root canal shape. Such a shape change is particularly effective in root canal treatment in which the root canal shape is expanded as it is. As an enlargement ratio of the root canal shape, there is one in which the length of a certain side is 1.01 to 1.5 times, preferably 1.05 to 1.3 times, more preferably 1.1 to 1.2 times. The calculation for enlarging the root canal shape to a similar shape in this way can be easily performed by, for example, a shape change calculation for enlarging the shape of the image after recognizing the image of the root canal.
[0064]
As another shape change in the shape change calculation, there is one that changes the shape so as to increase the degree of curvature on the curved inner surface side so as to make the curved root canal as close to a conical shape as possible. Such a shape change is particularly effective in root canal treatment in which the curvature of the root canal is minimized. The calculation for changing the root canal shape in this way can be easily performed by, for example, a shape change calculation for recognizing the curvature of the entire shape of the image after recognizing the image of the root canal and increasing the curvature. In this case, the rate of increase in curvature includes 1.01 to 3 times, preferably 1.1 to 2 times, and more preferably 1.3 to 1.5 times.
The calculation for changing the root canal shape in this way can be easily performed by a shape change calculation for increasing the shape of the curved inner surface of the image after recognizing the image of the root canal.
[0065]
The image information storage unit 33 stores image information relating to the root canal transmitted from the image reading unit, information relating to the shape of the root canal portion identified by the root canal identification unit, information relating to the stereoscopic image formed by the stereoscopic image forming unit, and the like. . The image information storage unit 33 includes, for example, one having a known storage unit such as a ROM or a RAM. The various information stored by the image information storage unit 33 is preferably managed and stored by a relational database or the like.
[0066]
As the connection unit 34, known connection means such as a connector can be used as long as the image processing unit 3 and the model manufacturing unit 4 can be connected. The connection unit 34 is preferably connected to at least one of a display unit (not shown), an input unit (not shown), and peripheral devices (output device, router, etc.) (not shown).
[0067]
The image processing control unit 35 controls the operation of the entire image processing unit. The image processing control unit 35 can perform its function by a CPU of a known computer. In addition, the image processing unit 3 may be provided with the function by hardware, or may function by causing the computer or the like to install a program including means for performing the above functions.
[0068]
As shown in FIG. 4, the shape adjusting unit 6 includes (1) an adjusting unit 41 that cuts a body to be cut and manufactures a root canal model, and (2) the adjusting unit is for a dental hand with respect to the adjusting unit 41. An adjustment command unit 42 for sending a command related to a shape for adjusting the shape of the tip of the instrument, and (3) information on a three-dimensional image formed by the three-dimensional image forming unit transmitted from the image processing unit 3, and a dental hand instrument An adjustment information storage unit 43 for storing the shape, material, hardness, and the like; (4) a connection unit 44 for connecting the shape adjustment unit 6 and the image processing unit 3; and (5) controlling the operation of the entire shape adjustment unit. And a model manufacturing unit control unit 45.
[0069]
The adjusting unit 41 is a part for adjusting the tip shape of the dental hand instrument and the like so that the dental hand instrument has a preferable shape. Dental hand tools include dental bars, dental reamers, K files, H files, K flex files, S files, triple files and other dental files, dental drills, dental root canal spreaders, root canal pluggers , Dental mandrels, dental technician bars, dental technician mandrels, medical perforators and the like. Among these, dental reamers, K files, and H files are preferable as dental hand instruments whose tip shapes are adjusted according to the present invention.
[0070]
The adjustment unit 41 is not particularly limited as long as the tip shape of the dental hand instrument can be adjusted. For example, two adjustment parts for sandwiching the dental hand instrument, and the two Pressurizing means for applying pressure to at least one of the clamping parts, and the pressurizing means applies pressure to a part / or all of the clamping part in a state where the dental instrument is sandwiched between the pressing parts. And adjusting the shape of a dental hand instrument.
[0071]
The adjustment command unit 62 has a function of issuing a command to the adjustment unit 61 regarding the site and degree of adjustment of the shape of the dental hand instrument.
[0072]
The adjustment information storage unit 63 stores information related to the stereoscopic image formed by the stereoscopic image forming unit transmitted from the image processing unit 3, and the shape, material, hardness, and the like of the dental hand instrument. An example of the adjustment information storage unit 63 includes a known storage unit such as a ROM or a RAM. The various information stored in the adjustment information storage unit 63 is preferably managed and stored by a relational database or the like.
[0073]
As the connection unit 64, a known connection unit such as a connector can be used as long as it can connect the shape adjustment unit 6 and the image processing unit 3.
[0074]
The shape adjusting unit control unit 65 controls the operation of the entire shape adjusting unit. The shape adjustment control unit 65 can be performed by a well-known computer CPU. The shape adjustment control unit 45 and the image processing control unit 35 may be provided separately or may be provided integrally. Further, the shape adjusting unit 6 may be provided with the function by hardware, or may function by causing a computer or the like to install a program including means for performing the above functions.
[0075]
The shape of the dental hand instrument can be adjusted in the same manner as the root canal model manufacturing process by the root canal model manufacturing apparatus described above using the dental hand instrument shape adjusting apparatus of the present invention. That is, although not particularly illustrated, the shape of the dental hand instrument is adjusted based on the root canal image read by the image reading unit and three-dimensionalized by the image processing unit. At this time, the image processing unit preferably stores information related to the deformation of the dental hand instrument, and changes the root canal image according to the shape change calculation based on this information. By doing so, the shape of the dental hand instrument can be changed not only to substantially match the shape of the root canal but also to a shape desirable for root canal treatment.
[0076]
According to the dental hand instrument manufacturing apparatus including the dental hand instrument shape adjusting apparatus of the present invention, for example, the shape of a commercially available dental hand instrument is adjusted, and the dental hand is desirable for root canal treatment. An instrument can be manufactured.
[0077]
The shape of the dental hand instrument whose shape has been adjusted using the dental hand instrument shape adjusting device of the present invention is adjusted to a desired shape for root canal treatment. Therefore, the root canal treatment method in which the shape of the dental hand instrument is set to a desired shape and treatment is performed on the dental hand instrument helps the root canal treatment with difficulty.
[0078]
Although not particularly illustrated, a dental hand instrument manufacturing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an image reading unit that reads an image including a root canal, and information relating to an image including the root canal read by the image reading unit. Image processing means for performing analysis and processing for three-dimensional root canal, display means for displaying at least a three-dimensional image of the root canal processed by the image processing means, and root canal processed by the image processing means Dental instrument manufacturing means for manufacturing a dental hand instrument according to the three-dimensional image information. The dental hand instrument manufacturing apparatus analyzes connection information that can be connected to an image reading unit that reads an image including a root canal and a display unit, and information related to an image including the root canal that is read by the image reading unit. A dental hand comprising: an image processing means for performing a three-dimensional process of the root canal; and a dental instrument manufacturing means for manufacturing a dental hand instrument according to the three-dimensional image information of the root canal processed by the image processing means. It may be an appliance manufacturing apparatus.
[0079]
As the image reading unit, the image processing unit, the display unit, and the connection unit, the same ones as described above can be used.
[0080]
The dental instrument manufacturing means is not particularly limited as long as it is a means capable of manufacturing a dental hand instrument according to the three-dimensional image information of the root canal processed by the image processing means. It can be used by applying the appliance manufacturing means.
[0081]
The dental hand instrument is manufactured, for example, from a cylindrical metal material such as an ingot using a rotation and a doctor (see, for example, JP-A-10-211217). In this manufacturing method, the dental hand instrument is manufactured by moving a metal material at a certain feed rate with respect to the rotary grinding wheel. The dental instrument manufacturing means includes a metal material holding means for holding a metal material and moving the metal material, a grinding / cutting means for grinding and cutting the metal material such as a rotating grinding wheel, and a root processed by the image processing means. Examples thereof include a metal material operation control means for controlling the operation of a metal material that contacts a rotary grinding wheel or the like according to the three-dimensional image information of the tube. A dental hand instrument having a desired shape can be manufactured by controlling the portion of the metal material to be ground according to the three-dimensional image information of the root canal processed by the image processing means.
[0082]
[Experimental example]
[Experiment 1]
In order to confirm that the root canal model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is useful, the following experiment was conducted. This experimental example is for confirming that the root canal model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is useful. Therefore, it was decided to create a root canal model without using the patient's root canal and to confirm that the root canal model approximated to it could be reproduced.
[0083]
(Create root canal model)
First, an epoxy resin and calcium carbonate as a contrast agent were placed in a cylindrical container to prepare a resin composition. In addition, a dental spreader was prepared that resembled the shape of the root canal and bent three-dimensionally twice. This dental spreader was placed in the resin composition and cured. The dental spreader was removed from the cured resin. The removed dental spreader corresponds to the root canal. In this way, a transparent root canal model from which the root canal portion was removed was created.
[0084]
(3D image formation)
The root canal model manufactured in this way is obtained from a total of 15 directions of horizontal directions of −60 °, −30 °, 0 °, 30 °, and 60 ° for each of the vertical directions of 0 °, −30 °, and 60 °. Photographed using a digital camera. The photographed root canal model was analyzed with a personal computer with Canoma installed, and a solid polygon was applied. As a result, the root canal model is accurately captured from a vertical direction of −30 ° and a horizontal direction of 60 ° and from a vertical direction of −60 ° and a horizontal direction of −60 °. Three-dimensional.
[0085]
Using the image information photographed by these two digital cameras, cutting was performed on the half-cylindrical epoxy resin by MODELA manufactured by Roland DC Corporation. As a result, the obtained root canal model had the same shape as the root canal model. Thereby, it was confirmed that the root canal shape can be reproduced by the root canal model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
[0086]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the manufacturing apparatus of the root canal model which can visualize a root canal shape, a root canal model, and the manufacturing method of a root canal model can be provided. According to the present invention, since the root canal model of the patient's root canal shape can be created, information such as informed consent to the patient can be explained more accurately. In addition, since the root canal shape can be easily grasped three-dimensionally, the burden on root canal treatment is reduced. Further, in the present invention, the root canal shape can be three-dimensionalized by, for example, one or two X-ray imaging, compared to a case where X-ray imaging is performed a plurality of times. Therefore, the patient's exposure can be reduced. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a stereoscopic image such as an image from the rear that cannot be taken anatomically.
[0087]
According to the present invention, an apparatus for manufacturing a root canal model in consideration of a deviation from a root canal shape required for a dental hand instrument during root canal treatment, such a root canal model, such a root canal model It is possible to provide a method for adjusting the shape of a dental hand instrument using the above. According to this root canal model, it is possible to obtain the shape of a dental hand instrument desirable for root canal treatment (particularly the shape of the distal end portion). Further, according to this root canal model, even if the shape of the dental hand instrument (particularly the shape of the distal end portion) changes due to the root canal treatment, the shape of the dental hand instrument can be determined by referring to this root canal model. Can be easily restored to the desired shape.
[0088]
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the shape adjustment apparatus of the dental hand instrument which considered the deviation | shift from the root canal shape requested | required of the dental hand instrument in root canal treatment, and the dental hand using such an apparatus An apparatus for manufacturing a shape of an appliance can be provided. According to this shape adjusting device or the like, it is possible to obtain the shape of a dental hand instrument desirable for root canal treatment (particularly, the shape of the distal end portion). Moreover, according to this shape adjusting device, even if the shape of the dental hand instrument (particularly the shape of the distal end portion) changes due to the root canal treatment, the shape of the dental hand instrument can be changed by using this shape adjusting device. It can be easily restored to the desired shape.
[0089]
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the dental hand instrument manufacturing apparatus which considered the shift | offset | difference from the root canal shape requested | required of the dental hand instrument in root canal treatment, and the dental hand instrument using such an apparatus The manufacturing method of can be provided. According to this dental hand instrument manufacturing apparatus or the like, a dental hand instrument having a shape desirable for root canal treatment (particularly, the shape of the tip portion) can be manufactured.
[0090]
According to the present invention, the dental hand instrument is adjusted to a shape desired for root canal treatment or manufactured as desired for root canal treatment. Therefore, the root canal treatment method in which the shape of the dental hand instrument is set to a desired shape and treatment is performed on the dental hand instrument helps the root canal treatment with difficulty.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a root canal model manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an image processing unit 3 and a model manufacturing unit 4 of the root canal model manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a manufacturing process of a root canal model according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an image processing unit 3 and a model manufacturing unit 4 of the dental instrument tip adjustment device according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Root canal model manufacturing equipment
2 Image reader
3 Image processing section
4 Model production department
5 display section
6 Shape adjustment part
31 Root canal identification
32 stereoscopic image forming unit
33 Image information storage unit
34 connections
35 Image processing controller
41 Cutting part
42 Cutting command section
43 Cutting information storage unit
44 connections
45 Model Manufacturing Department Control Department
61 Adjustment section
62 Adjustment command section
63 Adjustment information storage unit
64 connections
65 Shape adjustment controller

Claims (6)

Image reading means for reading an image including a root canal;
Image processing means for analyzing information about an image including a root canal read by the image reading means, and performing a process of three-dimensionalizing the root canal;
Display means for displaying at least a three-dimensional image of the root canal that has been three-dimensionalized by the image processing means;
According to the three-dimensional image of the root canal processed by the image processing means, a model manufacturing means for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the root canal,
Including
The image including the root canal is
It was obtained by X-ray photography,
The image processing means includes
From the image including one or two root canals, it is possible to perform a process of three-dimensional root canal,
Root canal model manufacturing equipment. Connection means connectable to an image reading means for reading an image including a root canal and a display means;
Image processing means for analyzing information about an image including a root canal read by the image reading means, and performing a process of three-dimensionalizing the root canal;
According to the three-dimensional image of the root canal processed by the image processing means, a model manufacturing means for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the root canal,
The image including the root canal is
It was obtained by X-ray photography,
The image processing means includes
From the image including one or two root canals, it is possible to perform a process of three-dimensional root canal,
Root canal model manufacturing equipment. The root canal model manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The image processing means analyzes information relating to an image including a root canal read by the image reading means, and performs a three-dimensional process for forming a three-dimensional image of the root canal that has undergone shape change in accordance with a shape change calculation. Manufacturing equipment. The root canal model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein an outer shape of the root canal model is a half cylinder or a prism. The manufacturing method of the root canal model using the root canal model manufacturing apparatus of any one of Claims 1-4 . It is manufactured using the root canal model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .
The outer shape is a half cylinder or prism,
The root canal is formed as a recess,
Root canal model that is colorless and transparent or colored and transparent.

Images