JP4155076B2 - Endoscope hood - Google Patents

Endoscope hood Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4155076B2
JP4155076B2 JP2003091939A JP2003091939A JP4155076B2 JP 4155076 B2 JP4155076 B2 JP 4155076B2 JP 2003091939 A JP2003091939 A JP 2003091939A JP 2003091939 A JP2003091939 A JP 2003091939A JP 4155076 B2 JP4155076 B2 JP 4155076B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
distal end
hood
angle
main body
tip
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JP2003091939A
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JP2004298244A (en
Inventor
治男 秋庭
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Fujinon Corp
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Fujinon Corp
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Priority to JP2003091939A priority Critical patent/JP4155076B2/en
Priority to DE200410015291 priority patent/DE102004015291B4/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00188Optical arrangements with focusing or zooming features
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/0008Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
    • A61B1/00089Hoods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/0008Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
    • A61B1/00096Optical elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/0008Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
    • A61B1/00101Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features the distal tip features being detachable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/05Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、内視鏡における挿入部の先端に装着されるフードに関するものであり、狭い体腔管内等で体腔内壁を至近位置から拡大観察できるようにした内視鏡に特に好適に用いられる内視鏡用フードに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
内視鏡は、その挿入部の先端に照明部及び観察部が設けられており、照明部からの照明下で、体腔内壁等を観察し、病変部を発見する等といった診断を行うもので、必要に応じて処置具を挿入して、患部の摘出,止血等といった処置を施したり、また細胞のサンプリングを行ったりするものである。内視鏡による体腔内観察を正確に行うには、挿入部の先端面に設けた観察部が体腔内壁に対して一定の間隔を置いた状態となし、かつこの間隔は観察中に変化しないように維持されていなければならない。
【0003】
特に、近年においては、挿入部の先端部を体腔内壁に対して至近位置に配置して、体腔内壁を拡大して撮影する、所謂拡大内視鏡が実用化されているが、この種の拡大内視鏡においては、観察深度が極めて短いものとなる。従って、拡大内視鏡で体腔内壁の検査,診断を行う際において、観察部と体腔内壁との距離が僅かでも変化すると、ピントが大きくずれてしまい、鮮明な画像が得られなくなってしまう。このために、挿入部の先端にフードを装着して、体腔内壁を観察する際に、このフードの先端を体腔内壁に当接させることによって、体腔内壁に対する挿入部の先端部の間隔を一定に保持するようにして検査や診断を行うように構成したものは、従来から知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−51970号公報(第2−3頁、図2−3)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前述した従来技術による内視鏡用のフードの構成としては、挿入部の先端硬質部に嵌合される部位と、先端硬質部から突出する部位とから構成され、先端硬質部から突出する部位は、その厚み寸法及び突出長さは一定となっている。従って、体腔内壁が挿入部の挿入方向の延長線位置にあるときに、その検査を行う際に、フードの先端全面で体腔内壁に押し当てることができるので、挿入部の先端部に設けた観察部と体腔内壁との間の距離を一定に保つことができる。しかしながら、内視鏡による検査,診断箇所としては、細い体腔管等の狭所もある。
【0006】
このように、狭所における体腔内壁を検査する際には、挿入部におけるアングル部を湾曲させて、先端硬質部の観察部を体腔内壁の方向に向けなければならない。この場合、アングル部をほぼ90°曲げることができれば良いが、狭い体腔管内ではアングル部をこの角度曲げることができないか、若しくは曲げることができたにしても、アングル部によって体腔内壁を圧迫して、被検者に対して苦痛を強いるという問題点がある。そして、アングル部を浅い角度で湾曲させた状態では、フードの先端全面を体腔内壁に押し当てることができなくなり、挿入部の先端部分が不安定になる等の不都合がある。
【0007】
本発明は以上の点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、狭い体腔管内において、確実に体腔内壁に対して全面で当接し、かつほぼ均等な押し付け力を作用させることができるようにした内視鏡用フードを提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前述した目的を達成するために、本発明は、照明部及び観察部を先端面に設けた先端硬質部をアングル部に連結して設けた挿入部を有する内視鏡に装着されるフードであって、前記先端硬質部に嵌合される嵌合連結部と、この連結部から前記先端硬質部の前方に張り出したフード本体部とからなり、前記フード本体部は、前記アングル部による最大湾曲角側が前記先端硬質部からの突出長さが短くかつその先端部が最も厚肉であり、この位置から180°の角度となる位置が前記先端硬質部からの突出長さが最も長く、かつその先端部が最も薄肉であり、その間においてはこの突出長さ及び肉厚は連続的に変化するように構成したことをその特徴とするものである。
【0009】
アングル部は先端硬質部を所望の方向に向けるために、挿入部の基端部が連結されている本体操作部からの遠隔操作で湾曲させることができる構成としている。アングル部の湾曲方向は、例えば上下及び左右というように、4方向に湾曲させることができるように構成されるのが一般的である。ただし、前述した各方向への湾曲可能な角度は同じではなく、通常は上方への湾曲角を最も大きくしている。従って、フードは、先端硬質部に対して、この方向を基準として装着される。つまり、最大湾曲角となる位置、具体的には上方に向けて湾曲させたときに、最も内周側となる位置が最も厚肉であり、かつ先端硬質部からの突出長さも最小とする。また、この位置から円周方向における180°の位置、つまり円周方向の反対側の位置は最も薄肉となし、しかも突出長さを最長とする。そして、その間は突出長さ及び肉厚が連続的に変化させている。
【0010】
以上のように、フードを挿入部の先端硬質部に装着するに当って、回転方向の位置が安定していなければならない。このために、先端硬質部とフードの嵌合連結部との間に回転防止手段を設ける構成とする。回転防止手段としては、例えば先端硬質部に平坦な部位を形成し、フードの嵌合連結部には、この先端硬質部の平坦面と対応する平坦な面を設ける等の構成を採用することができる。フード本体部は外面が円筒形状となり、内面側が先端側に向けて肉厚が連続的に薄くなるように設定することによって、視野範囲をできるだけ広くすることができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施の一形態について説明する。まず、図1に内視鏡の概略構成を示す。図中において、1は本体操作部、2は挿入部、3はユニバーサルコードである。挿入部2は本体操作部1への連結側から順に軟性部2a,アングル部2b及び先端硬質部2cとなっており、アングル部2bは本体操作部1に設けたアングル操作手段4の操作によって、上下及び左右に湾曲させることができるようになっている。この操作は、先端硬質部2cを任意の方向に向けるためのものであって、先端硬質部2cの先端面には、照明部5,観察部6,処置具導出口7及び観察部洗浄ノズル8(図5参照)が設けられている。
【0012】
ここで、アングル部2bは、通常、上下及び左右に湾曲可能となっており、これらの湾曲方向において、上方、つまり同図に仮想線で示した方向が最も大きく湾曲するようになっている。具体的には、上方への湾曲角は200°以上であり、それ以外の方向、つまり下方及び左右方向は90°から100°程度となっている。このように、上方への湾曲角を最も大きくしたのは、この方向への操作が頻繁に行われるからであり、体腔内で観察視野を変える際には、上方に湾曲させることが最も多い。
【0013】
図2に挿入部2の先端硬質部2cの断面を示す。この図における断面位置では、観察部6に装着した観察手段10と、処置具導出口7に連なる処置具挿通チャンネル11とが位置している。同図において、20は先端硬質部2cを構成する先端部本体、21は先端キャップである。観察手段10は、対物光学系12と、撮像手段13とを有し、撮像手段13は対物光学系12の光軸と平行な方向に撮像面を向けている。従って、先端部本体20内において、撮像手段13は対物光学系12より上方に突出している。一方、処置具挿通チャンネル11は先端部本体20に穿設した通路に挿嵌されたパイプ14を有し、このパイプ14の基端部にはチューブ15が嵌合されており、このチューブ15はアングル部2bから軟性部2aを経て本体操作部1にまで延在されている。従って、処置具挿通チャンネル11は先端部本体20内ではほぼ同じ直径を有している。
【0014】
先端硬質部2cに連結されたアングル部2bは、アングルリングを所定数枢着したものからなり、最先端リング30は先端硬質部2cの先端部本体20に所定長さだけ嵌合されている。そして、この最先端リング30を含むアングルリングには金属ネット31が外装され、さらにその上に被覆層32が被装されている。そして、被覆層32の先端部は、先端部本体20の先端側外周面に形成した段差部22に嵌合されて、糸巻き及び接着による固着部33が形成される。そして、先端部本体20の先端部分には先端キャップ21が装着されているが、固着部33はこの先端キャップ21の端部位置にまで延在されている。これによって、先端部本体20を強度及び加工性等の観点から金属で形成しても、挿入部2の外面全体が電気的に絶縁された状態に保持される。
【0015】
以上のように構成される内視鏡において、その先端硬質部2cには、図3及び図4に示したフード40が着脱可能に装着されるようになっている。フード40は、例えば透明なシリコンゴム等からなり、先端硬質部2cの外面のほぼ全長を覆うように嵌合される嵌合固定部41と、先端硬質部2cの先端面から所定の長さ分だけ突出するフード本体部42とから構成される。
【0016】
嵌合固定部41は、先端キャップ21が収容される先端キャップ収容部43と、被覆層32が収容される被覆層収容部44とからなり、先端キャップ収容部43は被覆層収容部44より小径となっている。しかも、既に説明したように、撮像手段13が先端部本体20の上方位置に配置されており、先端部本体20の段差部22の位置では対物光学系12が配置され、この対物光学系12の配設位置における上部側の部分を削り取って、概略平坦な部位を形成する。そして、先端キャップ21の外周面の上部位置に、図5に示したように、窪み23(若しくは平坦面)を形成している。そして、フード40の嵌合固定部41における先端キャップ収容部43には、先端キャップ21の窪み23に対応する位置に概略平坦な位置決め部43aが形成されている。従って、フード40を先端硬質部2cに装着する際に、先端キャップ収容部43の位置決め部43aと先端キャップ21の窪み23とが一致する位置にして装着することによって、フード40と先端硬質部2cとの間の相対位置決めが可能になり、かつフード40が回転方向にみだりに位置ずれしないように保持される。
【0017】
フード本体部42は円環状に形成され、フード40を先端硬質部2cに装着したときには、その先端キャップ21の端面から所定の長さだけ突出することになる。そして、フード本体部42は、円筒状の部分を斜めにカットした形状をしており、上部位置、つまりアングル部2bを湾曲させたときに、内向きに湾曲する側が最も突出長さが短く、それから180°の位置、つまり下部位置側が最も長くなり、その間は連続的に突出長さが変化している。従って、フード本体部42の先端部分の厚みは、上部側が最も厚く、下部側が最も薄くなっており、その間の部位は連続的に厚みが変化している。
【0018】
フード本体部42は、また、外周面が円筒形状となっており、内周面が先端側に向かうに応じて拡径するテーパ形状部42aとなっている。しかも、このテーパ角は、上部側が最も大きく、また下部側が最も小さくなっており、その間は連続的に角度が変化するようになっている。これは、図5に示したように、観察手段10は先端硬質部2cにおける先端面の中央位置から上方に変位した位置に設けられているので、上部側の方が下部側よりテーパ角をより大きくすることによって、視野角をできるだけ広くするようにするためである。
【0019】
本実施の形態は以上のように構成されるものであって、この内視鏡の挿入部2にフード40を装着した状態で、体腔内の検査,診断を行う方法について説明する。ここで、この内視鏡は、例えば食道,十二指腸等といった細い体腔管における腔壁の粘膜の状態を検査するのに適したものである。即ち、図6に示したように、挿入部2は細い体腔管内に挿入されて、その腔壁を至近位置で腔壁の粘膜の状態を精査するために用いられる。
【0020】
挿入部2の挿入方向は体腔管の前方に向いていることから、腔壁を検査するには、アングル部2bを湾曲させて、観察部5の視野を腔壁に向けるように方向転換させなければならない。しかも、先端硬質部2cの先端面が腔壁に密着しないように、その間に間隔を空け、かつ観察部5と腔壁との間隔は、検査の間において変化しないようにする必要がある。フード40が先端硬質部2cに装着されているのは、このフード40におけるフード本体部42の先端面を腔壁に当接させることによって、観察部5と腔壁との間に所定の距離を隔てるようにするためである。しかも、フード本体部42の先端部が斜めになっているのはこのためである。従って、狭い場所でのアングル操作を容易に行うことができ、腔壁への押圧力が最小限に抑制されて、被検者に対する苦痛軽減を図ることができる。
【0021】
フード40におけるフード本体部42の先端硬質部2cの先端面からの突出長さは、この距離において、観察手段10の対物光学系12のピントが正確に合うように調整されている。ここで、対物光学系12は変倍機構を有するものが使用され、腔壁を検査するに当っては、変倍による拡大観察を行う。このように、拡大観察を行う際には、焦点深度が浅くなり、観察部5と腔壁との間の距離が僅かでも変化すると、ピントがずれて、鮮明な映像が得られなくなる。この観察部5と腔壁との間の距離が変化する要因としては、観察部5の動きと、体腔内における拍動等がある。
【0022】
フード40のフード本体部42の先端部は、アングル部2bの湾曲方向における上部側が突出長さが最も短く、しかもその肉厚が最も大きくなっており、その反対側である下部側は突出長さが最も長く、かつ肉厚が最も薄くなっている。つまり、アングル部2bを図6に矢印で示したように、上方に湾曲させたときに、先端硬質部2cの先端面は、この湾曲方向における上部側が最も腔壁に近接した位置で当接することになり、反対側が腔壁から最も離間した位置で当接することになる。しかも、フード本体部42における上方側が最も剛性が高く、下側が最も柔軟となっている。
【0023】
アングル部2bを湾曲させることによって、フード本体部42の先端部が腔壁に当接するのであるから、フード本体部42は円弧状の動作により腔壁に接触することになる。そして、この円弧運動によって、フード本体部42の上下の部位で、湾曲時の曲率半径が異なってくる。つまり、上部側の曲率半径は小さく、下部側の曲率半径が大きい。湾曲時における曲率半径が小さいと、腔壁に押し付ける方向の分力が小さく、曲率半径が大きいと、腔壁に押し付ける方向の分力が大きくなる。フード本体部42におけるアングル部2bの湾曲時における曲率半径の小さい上部側が厚肉となり、かつ曲率半径の大きい下部側が薄肉となっているので、腔壁への押し付けに対する反力は上部側の方がより有効に受承でき、下部側は腔壁への押し付け力により弾性変形する。
【0024】
その結果、フード本体部42の全周にわたってほぼ均一な押し付け力が腔壁に対して作用することになる。これによって、挿入部2における先端硬質部2cの先端面に配置した観察部5と腔壁との距離をほぼ一定に保った状態で安定する。しかも、フード本体部42の腔壁への押し付け力によって、体腔内の拍動等に起因する腔壁の動きも規制される。その結果、拡大観察時(例えば100倍程度)にも、鮮明な映像を取得することができる。
【0025】
また、先端硬質部2cに装着されるフード40は、前述したように方向性があるが、その嵌合固定部41における先端キャップ収容部43の位置決め部43aと先端キャップ21の窪み23との間で位置決めした状態に装着されることから、フード40の装着時における回転方向へのずれが確実に防止され、しかも使用中に回転方向への位置ずれが生じることはない。また、フード40の嵌合固定部41の内径を小さくして、先端硬質部2cに嵌合させたときに、その最も太い径となる部位、つまり固着部33に圧接するようにして装着することによって、フード40の装着位置をある程度調整することができる。このために、対物光学系12の、特に最大倍率時における観察部5と腔壁との間の距離を、正確にピント出しができる位置にフード40が位置するように調整することができる。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上のように構成したので、狭い体腔管内において、フードの先端部を確実に体腔内壁に対して全面で当接し、かつほぼ均等な押し付け力を作用させることができ、特に観察深度が浅くなる拡大観察時の観察機能を著しく向上させることができる等の効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】一般的な内視鏡を示す全体構成図である。
【図2】挿入部の先端部分の断面図である。
【図3】本発明の実施の形態において、挿入部に装着されるフードの断面図である。
【図4】図3の左側面図である。
【図5】挿入部における先端硬質部の正面図である。
【図6】内視鏡による検査を行っている状態を示す作用説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 本体操作部 2 挿入部
2a 軟性部 2b アングル部
2c 先端硬質部 6 観察部
10 観察手段 12 対物光学系
20 先端部本体 21 先端キャップ
22 段差部 23 窪み
40 フード 41 嵌合固定部
42 フード本体部 42a テーパ形状部
43 先端キャップ収容部
43a 位置決め部
44 被覆層収容部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hood that is attached to the distal end of an insertion portion in an endoscope, and is an endoscope that is particularly suitably used for an endoscope in which a body cavity inner wall can be enlarged and observed from a close position in a narrow body cavity tube or the like. This relates to a mirror hood.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The endoscope is provided with an illuminating unit and an observing unit at the distal end of the insertion unit, and under the illumination from the illuminating unit, observes the inner wall of the body cavity and makes a diagnosis such as finding a lesioned part, If necessary, a treatment tool is inserted to perform treatment such as extraction of the affected area, hemostasis, or sampling of cells. In order to accurately observe the body cavity with an endoscope, the observation part provided at the distal end surface of the insertion part should be at a certain distance from the inner wall of the body cavity, and this distance should not change during observation. Must be maintained.
[0003]
In particular, in recent years, a so-called magnifying endoscope has been put into practical use in which the distal end portion of the insertion portion is disposed at a position close to the inner wall of the body cavity and the inner wall of the body cavity is enlarged and photographed. In an endoscope, the observation depth is extremely short. Therefore, when examining and diagnosing the inner wall of the body cavity with the magnifying endoscope, if the distance between the observation unit and the inner wall of the body cavity changes even slightly, the focus is greatly shifted and a clear image cannot be obtained. For this purpose, when the hood is attached to the distal end of the insertion portion and the inner wall of the body cavity is observed, the distal end of the insertion portion is made constant with respect to the inner wall of the body cavity by bringing the distal end of the hood into contact with the inner wall of the body cavity. What is comprised so that it may test | inspect and diagnose so that it may hold | maintain is conventionally known (for example, refer patent document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-51970 A (page 2-3, FIG. 2-3)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As the configuration of the hood for an endoscope according to the above-described prior art, it is composed of a portion fitted to the distal end hard portion of the insertion portion and a portion protruding from the distal end hard portion, and the portion protruding from the distal end hard portion is The thickness dimension and the protruding length are constant. Therefore, when the inner wall of the body cavity is at the extended line position in the insertion direction of the insertion portion, the entire front end of the hood can be pressed against the inner wall of the body cavity when performing the inspection. The distance between the part and the body cavity inner wall can be kept constant. However, there are narrow places such as a narrow body cavity tube as an inspection / diagnosis portion by an endoscope.
[0006]
Thus, when inspecting a body cavity inner wall in a narrow place, the angle part in the insertion part must be curved and the observation part of the distal end hard part must be directed toward the body cavity inner wall. In this case, it is sufficient if the angle part can be bent by approximately 90 °. However, even if the angle part cannot be bent in this narrow body cavity tube, or even if it can be bent, the inner wall of the body cavity is compressed by the angle part. There is a problem that the subject is forced to suffer. In a state where the angle portion is bent at a shallow angle, the entire distal end of the hood cannot be pressed against the inner wall of the body cavity, and there is a disadvantage that the distal end portion of the insertion portion becomes unstable.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to reliably contact the entire surface of the body cavity wall and to apply a substantially uniform pressing force in a narrow body cavity tube. An object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope hood that can be used.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a hood attached to an endoscope having an insertion portion provided by connecting a hard tip portion having an illumination portion and an observation portion on a tip surface to an angle portion. And a hood main body portion projecting forward from the linking portion to the front of the hard tip portion. The hood main body portion has a maximum bending angle by the angle portion. The side has a short protruding length from the tip hard portion and the tip portion is the thickest, and the position at an angle of 180 ° from this position has the longest protruding length from the tip hard portion and the tip The portion is the thinnest part, and the projecting length and the wall thickness are continuously changed in the meantime.
[0009]
The angle portion is configured to be bent by a remote operation from a main body operation portion to which the proximal end portion of the insertion portion is connected in order to direct the distal end hard portion in a desired direction. The bending direction of the angle portion is generally configured so that it can be bent in four directions, for example, up and down and left and right. However, the bendable angles in the respective directions described above are not the same, and the upward bend angle is usually the largest. Therefore, the hood is attached to the distal end hard portion with reference to this direction. In other words, the position at the maximum bending angle, specifically, the position at the innermost peripheral side when bent upward is the thickest, and the protrusion length from the hard tip portion is also minimized. Further, the position 180 ° in the circumferential direction from this position, that is, the position on the opposite side in the circumferential direction is the thinnest, and the projection length is the longest. In the meantime, the protruding length and the wall thickness are continuously changed.
[0010]
As described above, when the hood is attached to the distal end hard portion of the insertion portion, the position in the rotational direction must be stable. For this purpose, the rotation preventing means is provided between the distal end hard portion and the fitting connecting portion of the hood. As the rotation preventing means, for example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a flat portion is formed in the hard tip portion, and a flat surface corresponding to the flat surface of the hard tip portion is provided in the fitting connection portion of the hood. it can. By setting the hood main body portion so that the outer surface is cylindrical and the inner surface side is continuously thinned toward the distal end side, the visual field range can be made as wide as possible.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an endoscope. In the figure, 1 is a main body operation unit, 2 is an insertion unit, and 3 is a universal cord. The insertion portion 2 is a soft portion 2a, an angle portion 2b, and a distal end hard portion 2c in order from the connection side to the main body operation portion 1, and the angle portion 2b is operated by operating the angle operation means 4 provided in the main body operation portion 1. It can be bent vertically and horizontally. This operation is for directing the distal end hard portion 2c in an arbitrary direction. On the distal end surface of the distal end hard portion 2c, an illumination unit 5, an observation unit 6, a treatment instrument outlet 7 and an observation unit washing nozzle 8 are provided. (See FIG. 5).
[0012]
Here, the angle part 2b is normally bendable up and down and left and right, and in these bending directions, the upper part, that is, the direction indicated by the imaginary line in the figure is bent most greatly. Specifically, the upward bending angle is 200 ° or more, and the other directions, that is, the downward and left-right directions are about 90 ° to 100 °. As described above, the reason why the upward bending angle is maximized is that the operation in this direction is frequently performed. When the observation visual field is changed in the body cavity, the upward bending angle is most often curved upward.
[0013]
FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the distal end hard portion 2 c of the insertion portion 2. In the cross-sectional position in this figure, the observation means 10 attached to the observation unit 6 and the treatment instrument insertion channel 11 connected to the treatment instrument outlet 7 are located. In the same figure, 20 is a front-end | tip part main body which comprises the front-end | tip hard part 2c, 21 is a front-end | tip cap. The observation unit 10 includes an objective optical system 12 and an imaging unit 13, and the imaging unit 13 has an imaging plane facing in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the objective optical system 12. Therefore, the imaging means 13 protrudes upward from the objective optical system 12 in the distal end portion main body 20. On the other hand, the treatment instrument insertion channel 11 has a pipe 14 fitted in a passage drilled in the distal end body 20, and a tube 15 is fitted to the proximal end portion of the pipe 14. It extends from the angle part 2b to the main body operation part 1 through the flexible part 2a. Therefore, the treatment instrument insertion channel 11 has substantially the same diameter in the distal end body 20.
[0014]
The angle portion 2b connected to the distal end hard portion 2c is formed by pivoting a predetermined number of angle rings, and the most advanced ring 30 is fitted to the distal end portion main body 20 of the distal end hard portion 2c by a predetermined length. The angle ring including the most advanced ring 30 is provided with a metal net 31 and a covering layer 32 is further provided thereon. And the front-end | tip part of the coating layer 32 is fitted by the level | step-difference part 22 formed in the front end side outer peripheral surface of the front-end | tip part main body 20, and the adhering part 33 by a thread winding and adhesion | attachment is formed. The distal end cap 21 is attached to the distal end portion of the distal end portion main body 20, and the fixing portion 33 extends to the end position of the distal end cap 21. Thereby, even if the tip portion main body 20 is made of metal from the viewpoint of strength and workability, the entire outer surface of the insertion portion 2 is held in an electrically insulated state.
[0015]
In the endoscope configured as described above, the hood 40 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is detachably attached to the distal end hard portion 2c. The hood 40 is made of, for example, transparent silicon rubber or the like, and has a fitting length 41 that is fitted so as to cover almost the entire length of the outer surface of the distal end hard portion 2c, and a predetermined length from the distal end surface of the distal end hard portion 2c. It is comprised from the food | hood main-body part 42 which protrudes only.
[0016]
The fitting fixing portion 41 includes a tip cap housing portion 43 in which the tip cap 21 is housed and a coating layer housing portion 44 in which the coating layer 32 is housed. The tip cap housing portion 43 has a smaller diameter than the coating layer housing portion 44. It has become. Moreover, as already described, the imaging means 13 is disposed above the distal end body 20, and the objective optical system 12 is disposed at the position of the step portion 22 of the distal end body 20. A portion on the upper side at the arrangement position is scraped to form a substantially flat portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, a recess 23 (or a flat surface) is formed at an upper position on the outer peripheral surface of the tip cap 21. In the tip cap housing portion 43 of the fitting fixing portion 41 of the hood 40, a substantially flat positioning portion 43a is formed at a position corresponding to the recess 23 of the tip cap 21. Accordingly, when the hood 40 is mounted on the distal end hard portion 2c, the hood 40 and the distal end hard portion 2c are mounted by mounting the positioning portion 43a of the distal end cap accommodating portion 43 and the recess 23 of the distal end cap 21 at the same position. And the hood 40 is held so as not to be displaced in the rotational direction.
[0017]
The hood main body portion 42 is formed in an annular shape, and when the hood 40 is attached to the distal end hard portion 2c, the hood main body portion 42 projects from the end face of the distal end cap 21 by a predetermined length. And the hood main-body part 42 has the shape which cut the cylindrical part diagonally, and when curving the upper part position, ie, the angle part 2b, the side which curves inward is the shortest protrusion length, Then, the position at 180 °, that is, the lower position side is the longest, and the protruding length continuously changes during that time. Therefore, as for the thickness of the front-end | tip part of the food | hood main-body part 42, the upper part is the thickest, the lower part is the thinnest, and the thickness in the meantime changes continuously.
[0018]
The hood main body 42 has a cylindrical shape on the outer peripheral surface, and is a tapered portion 42a whose diameter increases as the inner peripheral surface moves toward the distal end side. Moreover, the taper angle is the largest on the upper side and the smallest on the lower side, and the angle continuously changes during that time. As shown in FIG. 5, the observation means 10 is provided at a position displaced upward from the center position of the distal end surface of the distal end hard portion 2c, so that the taper angle is higher on the upper side than on the lower side. This is to increase the viewing angle as much as possible by increasing the size.
[0019]
The present embodiment is configured as described above, and a method for inspecting and diagnosing a body cavity while the hood 40 is attached to the insertion portion 2 of the endoscope will be described. Here, this endoscope is suitable for examining the state of the mucous membrane of the cavity wall in a narrow body cavity such as the esophagus and duodenum. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the insertion portion 2 is inserted into a thin body cavity tube, and is used to closely examine the state of the mucosa of the cavity wall at the closest position.
[0020]
Since the insertion direction of the insertion portion 2 is directed to the front of the body cavity tube, in order to inspect the cavity wall, the angle portion 2b must be curved and the direction of the field of view of the observation portion 5 must be changed to face the cavity wall. I must. In addition, it is necessary to provide a space between the distal end hard portion 2c and the cavity wall so that the distal end surface of the distal end hard portion 2c does not closely contact the cavity wall, and to prevent the interval between the observation unit 5 and the cavity wall from changing between examinations. The hood 40 is attached to the distal end rigid portion 2c because the distal end surface of the hood main body portion 42 of the hood 40 is brought into contact with the cavity wall, whereby a predetermined distance is provided between the observation unit 5 and the cavity wall. This is to separate them. Moreover, this is the reason why the tip of the hood main body 42 is inclined. Accordingly, the angle operation in a narrow place can be easily performed, the pressing force to the cavity wall is suppressed to the minimum, and the pain to the subject can be reduced.
[0021]
The protruding length of the hood main body 42 from the distal end surface of the distal end hard portion 2c of the hood 40 is adjusted so that the focus of the objective optical system 12 of the observation means 10 is accurately adjusted at this distance. Here, an objective optical system 12 having a zooming mechanism is used, and when inspecting the cavity wall, magnified observation is performed by zooming. Thus, when performing magnified observation, if the depth of focus becomes shallow and the distance between the observation unit 5 and the cavity wall changes even slightly, the focus is shifted and a clear image cannot be obtained. Factors that change the distance between the observation unit 5 and the cavity wall include movement of the observation unit 5 and pulsation in the body cavity.
[0022]
The tip of the hood main body 42 of the hood 40 has the shortest protruding length on the upper side in the bending direction of the angle portion 2b and the largest wall thickness, and the lower side opposite to the protruding length is the protruding length. Is the longest and the wall thickness is the thinnest. That is, when the angle portion 2b is curved upward as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 6, the distal end surface of the distal end hard portion 2c abuts at a position where the upper side in the bending direction is closest to the cavity wall. Thus, the opposite side comes into contact with a position farthest from the cavity wall. In addition, the upper side of the hood main body 42 has the highest rigidity, and the lower side is the most flexible.
[0023]
By curving the angle portion 2b, the tip of the hood main body 42 comes into contact with the cavity wall, so that the hood main body 42 comes into contact with the cavity wall by an arcuate operation. Due to this arc motion, the curvature radius at the time of bending differs at the upper and lower portions of the hood main body 42. That is, the curvature radius on the upper side is small and the curvature radius on the lower side is large. When the curvature radius during bending is small, the component force in the direction of pressing against the cavity wall is small, and when the radius of curvature is large, the component force in the direction of pressing against the cavity wall is large. Since the upper side of the hood main body 42 having a small curvature radius when the angle portion 2b is curved is thick and the lower side of the large curvature radius is thin, the reaction force against pressing against the cavity wall is higher on the upper side. It can be received more effectively, and the lower side is elastically deformed by the pressing force against the cavity wall.
[0024]
As a result, a substantially uniform pressing force acts on the cavity wall over the entire circumference of the hood main body 42. As a result, the distance between the observation portion 5 arranged on the distal end surface of the distal end hard portion 2c in the insertion portion 2 and the cavity wall is stabilized in a substantially constant state. In addition, the movement of the cavity wall due to pulsation or the like in the body cavity is also regulated by the pressing force of the hood main body 42 against the cavity wall. As a result, a clear image can be acquired even during magnified observation (for example, about 100 times).
[0025]
The hood 40 attached to the distal end hard portion 2c has directionality as described above, but between the positioning portion 43a of the distal end cap accommodating portion 43 and the recess 23 of the distal end cap 21 in the fitting fixing portion 41. Since the hood 40 is mounted in a state where the hood 40 is positioned, the shift in the rotational direction when the hood 40 is mounted is reliably prevented, and the positional shift in the rotational direction does not occur during use. Further, when the fitting fixing portion 41 of the hood 40 is reduced in inner diameter and fitted to the distal end hard portion 2c, it is attached so as to come into pressure contact with the portion having the largest diameter, that is, the fixing portion 33. Thus, the mounting position of the hood 40 can be adjusted to some extent. For this reason, the distance between the observation unit 5 and the cavity wall of the objective optical system 12, particularly at the maximum magnification, can be adjusted so that the hood 40 is positioned at a position where focus can be accurately obtained.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the tip of the hood can be surely brought into contact with the entire inner wall of the body cavity and a substantially uniform pressing force can be applied in a narrow body cavity tube. An effect such as remarkably improving the observation function at the time of magnified observation that becomes shallower is exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a general endoscope.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a distal end portion of an insertion portion.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a hood attached to the insertion portion in the embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a left side view of FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a distal end hard portion in the insertion portion.
FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram showing a state in which an inspection is performed by an endoscope.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body operation part 2 Insertion part 2a Soft part 2b Angle part 2c Hard tip part 6 Observation part 10 Observation means 12 Objective optical system 20 Tip part main body 21 Tip cap 22 Step part 23 Indentation 40 Hood 41 Fitting fixing part 42 Hood main body part 42a Taper-shaped part 43 Tip cap accommodating part 43a Positioning part 44 Covering layer accommodating part

Claims (3)

照明部及び観察部を先端面に設けた先端硬質部をアングル部に連結して設けた挿入部を有する内視鏡に装着されるフードであって、
前記先端硬質部に嵌合される嵌合連結部と、この連結部から前記先端硬質部の前方に張り出したフード本体部とからなり、
前記フード本体部は、前記アングル部による最大湾曲角側が前記先端硬質部からの突出長さが短くかつその先端部が最も厚肉であり、この位置から概略180°の角度となる位置が前記先端硬質部からの突出長さが最も長く、かつその先端部が最も薄肉であり、その間においてはこの突出長さ及び肉厚は連続的に変化するように
構成したことを特徴とする内視鏡用フード。
A hood to be attached to an endoscope having an insertion portion provided by connecting a distal end rigid portion provided with an illumination portion and an observation portion on a distal end surface to an angle portion,
The fitting connecting portion to be fitted to the hard tip portion, and a hood main body portion protruding from the connecting portion to the front of the hard tip portion,
The hood main body portion has a shortest protruding length from the distal end hard portion on the maximum bending angle side by the angle portion and the distal end portion is the thickest, and a position at an angle of approximately 180 ° from this position is the tip end portion. For endoscopes characterized in that the protrusion length from the hard part is the longest and the tip part is the thinnest, and the protrusion length and the wall thickness change continuously between them. hood.
前記先端硬質部と前記嵌合連結部との間に回転防止手段を設ける構成としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の内視鏡用フード。2. The endoscope hood according to claim 1, wherein a rotation preventing means is provided between the distal end hard portion and the fitting connection portion. 前記フード本体部は外面が円筒形状となり、内面側が先端側に向けて肉厚が連続的に薄くなるように形成したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の内視鏡用フード。2. The endoscope hood according to claim 1, wherein the hood main body portion is formed so that an outer surface has a cylindrical shape, and an inner surface side continuously decreases toward a distal end side.
JP2003091939A 2003-03-28 2003-03-28 Endoscope hood Expired - Fee Related JP4155076B2 (en)

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JP5584464B2 (en) 2006-03-25 2014-09-03 アポノス・メデイカル・コーポレイシヨン Self-closing tissue fastener
JP2008206559A (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-09-11 Hoya Corp Tip part of endoscope
EP3695772B1 (en) * 2008-11-18 2023-07-26 United States Endoscopy Group, Inc. Adapter for attaching devices to endoscopes
JP5267999B2 (en) * 2009-10-26 2013-08-21 国立大学法人金沢大学 Angioscopy system
JP5352649B2 (en) * 2011-09-05 2013-11-27 富士フイルム株式会社 End of endoscope insertion part and endoscope
JP6210688B2 (en) * 2013-01-28 2017-10-11 山本 政和 Camera head cover
WO2019116637A1 (en) 2017-12-12 2019-06-20 オリンパス株式会社 Endoscope, distal end cover, and endoscope system

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