JP4144063B2 - Lubricating device for toroidal continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lubrication device for a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission applied to a vehicle such as an automobile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
One of transmissions applied to vehicles such as automobiles is a toroidal continuously variable transmission. A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission generally has an input disk driven by an input shaft, an output disk disposed opposite to the input disk and drivingly connected to the output shaft, and a power roller in frictional contact with both disks. A toroidal transmission unit is provided, and by changing the tilt angle of the power roller, the rotation of the input disk can be changed steplessly and transmitted to the output disk.
[0003]
In the contact area between the power roller and the input disk and output disk, that is, the traction drive section, frictional heat is generated during power transmission, so if the traction drive section is not sufficiently lubricated and cooled, the temperature of the traction drive section will be abnormal. May increase, impair traction, and cause gross slip. Therefore, a toroidal continuously variable transmission has conventionally been provided with a lubrication device for lubricating the traction drive unit.
[0004]
Conventionally, as a lubrication device in a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, for example, there is one as shown in FIG. 4 includes a post 48 extending from the casing 25 in a space 56 formed by the input disk 4, the output disk 5, and a power roller (not shown), and a nozzle 55 is provided at the tip of the post 48. The oil 47 is supplied from 55 toward the traction drive unit. The post 48 has an oil passage 49 formed at the center thereof, and is attached to the casing 25. The oil 47 is supplied from the oil passage formed in the casing 25 to the nozzle 55 through the oil passage 49 of the post 48. The tip of the nozzle 55 is directed to the tip portions 38 and 39 of the input disk 4 and the output disk 5, that is, the center of the input disk 4 and the output disk 5. The oil 47 discharged from the nozzle 55 toward the front end portions 38 and 39 of the input disc 4 and the output disc 5 is caused by centrifugal force due to the rotation of the input disc 4 and the output disc 5, and from the front end portions 38 and 39 to the rear end portion 53. 54, that is, the oil 47 spreads over the entire surface of the input disk 4 and the output disk 5, and the traction drive part is lubricated and cooled by the oil.
[0005]
Further, examples of lubrication devices in toroidal type continuously variable transmissions are disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-47458 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-280960. In the lubricating device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-47458, a lubricating oil passage having openings is provided on end surfaces of a pair of power rollers facing each other to form a nozzle, and an oil is supplied from the nozzle to a traction drive portion. Is to supply. In addition, the lubricating device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-280960 is provided with a nozzle for supplying oil to the traction drive unit, and the oil ejection port of the nozzle is closed on the side where the rotational direction of the input disk and the power roller is closed. Rolling surface, that is, the rolling surface on the side where the input disk and the power roller rotate together, and the rotating surface where the output disk and the power roller rotate are closed, that is, the output disk and the power roller. Are directed to the rolling surface on the side that rotates in the direction of winding. These are also so-called nozzle-type lubrication devices that supply oil from the nozzle toward the traction drive unit, as in the lubrication device shown in FIG.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the lubricating device shown in FIG. 4, since the oil 47 sprayed from the nozzle 55 has a high flow velocity, as shown in FIG. 5, when the oil 47 hits the input disk 4 and the output disk 5 rotating at high speed, Most of 47 will be bounced off and scattered. Therefore, in order to sufficiently cool the traction drive unit, it is necessary to discharge a large amount of oil 47 from the nozzle 55, which causes an increase in the load of the oil pump.
[0007]
Also, in the conventional toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, the splashed oil entrains a large amount of air, so the oil entrained in air is drained to the oil pan and sucked into the oil pump, causing cavitation. , Causing a lot of noise.
[0008]
In addition, since the bounced oil entrains a large amount of air, air bubbles are mixed into the hydraulic circuit, which makes the control hydraulic pressure unstable, hinders the shift control of the toroidal transmission, and changes the gear ratio. There was something to do. These problems are also considered to occur in the lubricating device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-47458.
[0009]
Further, in the lubricating device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-280960, the oil jet nozzle has the rotational directions of the input and output disks and the power roller directed toward the closed rolling surface. Since the oil supplied to the surface is supplied so as to be caught in the contact surface with the rotation of the input disk, power roller and output disk, it is certain that the oil is not easily splashed. Since oil is discharged from the oil jet outlet toward the input disk and output disk at a considerable flow rate, the oil is inevitably splashed and it is impossible to avoid oil scattering.
[0010]
Therefore, it is conceivable to fill the casing covering the toroidal transmission part with oil and circulate the oil with an oil pump. In this case, not only a large amount of oil is required, Since it becomes resistance of a rotating member and a sliding member, it cannot be said that it is an effective means. Therefore, in a lubrication device for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission for lubricating and cooling the traction drive unit, it is a problem to lubricate the traction drive unit with a small amount of oil without using a nozzle type lubrication device. ing.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and form an oil sump chamber having a minimum necessary size that surrounds the friction surface at the tip of the input and output disks, and supply oil to the sump chamber. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission lubrication device that prevents the entrainment of air due to oil splashing by configuring the traction drive unit to be lubricated with a small amount of oil.
[0012]
The present invention relates to an input disk that is axially movable with respect to the main shaft and is supported so as to be rotatable integrally with the main shaft, and an output that is disposed opposite to the input disk and is supported so as to be relatively rotatable with respect to the main shaft. A power roller that is disposed between the input disk and the output disk and transmits the rotation of the input disk to the output disk in a stepless manner according to a tilt angle with respect to the both disks. In a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission having a toroidal transmission part built in a casing, an oil is formed in which an oil reservoir chamber surrounding the tip of the input disk and the output disk and an oil passage for supplying oil to the oil reservoir chamber are formed. The present invention relates to a lubricating device for a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, wherein a reservoir member is provided integrally with the casing.
[0013]
Since the lubricating device for the toroidal continuously variable transmission according to the present invention is configured as described above, oil is supplied from the casing side through the oil passage to the oil sump chamber. Since the front end portion or the center portion of the input disk and the output disk is immersed in the oil filled in the oil sump chamber, it is reliably lubricated with the oil in the sump chamber. Then, the oil flows to the rear end portion, that is, the outer peripheral portion by centrifugal force as the input disc and the output disc rotate, and the entire toroidal surface of the disc including the traction drive portion is lubricated. Thus, the oil sump chamber is sized so that only the tip of the input disk and the output disk can be immersed, so that it can be small and the amount of oil used can be reduced. In addition, since this lubrication device does not use a nozzle and the tip of the input disk and output disk is immersed in an oil sump chamber, the oil is not splashed by the rotation of the disk.
[0014]
In the lubricating device for the toroidal continuously variable transmission, the oil sump member is loosely fitted to the main shaft and is in contact with the inner cylindrical member that is in contact with the center hole of the input disk and the output disk . An outer cylindrical member concentrically arranged, and tip portions of the input disc and the output disc are arranged between the inner cylindrical member and the outer cylindrical member, and between the two cylindrical members. The oil sump chamber is formed.
[0015]
Further, in the lubricating device for the toroidal continuously variable transmission, the inner cylindrical member and the outer cylindrical member are connected by a partition disposed between the two disks, and the oil sump chamber is divided into two by the partition. It is divided. For this reason, the oil supplied from the casing side is equally divided into two oil sump chambers, and each disk can be evenly lubricated.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a lubricating device for a toroidal continuously variable transmission according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a toroidal continuously variable transmission to which a lubricating device according to the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a lubricating device for a toroidal continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the lubricating device shown in FIG. 2.
[0017]
The toroidal type continuously variable transmission in this embodiment is called a so-called double cavity type toroidal continuously variable transmission in which two sets of toroidal transmission units 1 and 2 are arranged in tandem on the same axis. As shown in FIG. 1, the toroidal transmission unit 1 is disposed between the input disk 4, the output disk 5 disposed opposite to the input disk 4, the input disk 4 and the output disk 5, and both the disks 4. , 5 is composed of a power roller 6 frictionally engaged with the toroidal curved surface. The toroidal transmission unit 1 is provided with two power rollers 6, and each power roller 6 is rotatable about its own rotation axis 10 and has a tilt shaft 11 orthogonal to the rotation axis 10. Tilt around.
[0018]
The toroidal transmission unit 2 has the same configuration as the toroidal transmission unit 1, and includes an input disk 7, an output disk 8 disposed opposite to the input disk 7, and between the input disk 7 and the output disk 8. The power roller 9 is arranged and is frictionally engaged with the toroidal curved surfaces of both disks 7 and 8.
[0019]
The output disk 8 of the toroidal transmission unit 2 is disposed back-to-back with the output disk 5 of the toroidal transmission unit 1, and the backs thereof are connected to the connecting shaft 22 by spline fitting so that the output disks 5 and 8 can rotate together. ing. The connecting shaft 22 is a hollow shaft fitted to the main shaft 3 so as to be relatively rotatable, and a sprocket 24 is integrally formed at an intermediate portion of the connecting shaft 22. Both output disks 5 and 8 are supported on the casing 25 by bearings (not shown) that support loads in the thrust direction and radial direction via the connecting shaft 22. The power transmitted to both the output disks 5, 8 is taken out from the chain transmission device 23, that is, the sprocket 24 through the chain 26 and the intermediate sprocket 27 to the counter shaft 28 to which the intermediate sprocket 27 is attached on one end side.
[0020]
In the toroidal transmission unit 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the input disks 4 are respectively attached to the main shaft 3 via ball splines 16, can be displaced in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft 3, and rotate integrally with the main shaft 3. Is possible. The ball spline 16 rolls a plurality of balls 17 in a spline groove 20 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the first input disk 4 and a spline groove 21 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 3. The ball 17 is held in the spline grooves 20 and 21 by a pair of retaining stoppers 18 and 19 arranged so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the axial direction.
[0021]
The input disk 7 of the toroidal transmission unit 2 is also supported by the main shaft 3 so as to be able to rotate integrally with the main shaft 3 via the ball spline 16 and to be movable in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft 3 although not shown. A loading nut (not shown) is screwed onto the main shaft 3, and a disc spring (not shown) is positioned and fixed on the main shaft 3 by the loading nut. The input disk 7 is directed toward the power roller 9 by the disc spring. Is energized.
[0022]
Power from the engine is transmitted to the input shaft 13 via the torque converter 12, and is transmitted from the input shaft 13 to the toroidal continuously variable transmission. As shown in FIG. 2, the input shaft 13 has a small-diameter shaft portion 29 and a flange portion 30 at the tip portion, and the small-diameter shaft portion 29 is fitted in a hole formed at the tip portion of the main shaft 3. At the same time, it is rotatably supported via a needle bearing 31. A claw 32 is formed on the flange portion 30 of the input shaft 13. The claw 32 of the input shaft 13 is engaged with a claw 33 of the loading cam 14 so that torque can be transmitted from the input shaft 13 to the loading cam 14. Yes.
[0023]
Since the loading cam 14 is supported so as to be rotatable relative to the main shaft 3, the loading cam 14 can be rotated relative to the input disk 4 connected to the main shaft 3 by a ball spline 16. The loading cam 14 is supported so as to be relatively displaceable in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft 3 and applies a thrust force to a flange portion 36 formed at the tip of the main shaft 3 via a thrust bearing 34 and a disc spring 35. Can act. The main shaft 3 is supported by the casing 25 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction.
[0024]
When the loading cam 14 and the input disk 4 are rotated relative to each other, a thrust force that presses the input disk 4 against the power roller 6 is generated according to the magnitude of the input torque by the cam action of the loading cam 14 and the cam roller 15. As the disk 4 rotates, the input disk 7 of the toroidal transmission unit 2 also rotates through the main shaft 3. Further, due to the cam action, the main shaft 3 simultaneously moves to the left, thereby generating a thrust force that presses the input disk 7 of the toroidal transmission unit 2 against the power roller 9. The thrust force sandwiches the power rollers 6 and 9 between the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 8, and gives a frictional engagement force corresponding to the magnitude of the transmission torque.
[0025]
In each toroidal transmission unit 1, 2, the power rollers 6 and 9 are supported so as to be rotatable and swingable with respect to a trunnion (not shown). The power rollers 6 and 9 can be tilted around the tilting shaft 11, and the rotation of the input disks 4 and 7 is transmitted steplessly to the output disks 5 and 8 via the power rollers 6 and 9. The
[0026]
In the neutral position where the rotation axis 10 of the power rollers 6 and 9 coincides with the axis of the main shaft 3, that is, in the neutral position where both axes are on the same plane, the tilt angle of the power rollers 6 and 9 is maintained at that time. The gear ratio is maintained at that time. When the trunnion is moved in the axial direction of the tilting shaft 11 during torque transmission, the power rollers 6 and 9 are also displaced in the tilting shaft direction accordingly, and the power rollers 6 and 9 and the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disk are displaced. The contact position with 5 and 8 is displaced from the contact position at the neutral position. As a result, the power rollers 6 and 9 receive the tilting force from both the disks 4, 5, 7 and 8, and the tilting shaft 11 is centered at a direction and speed according to the moving direction and the moving amount of the tilting shaft 11. A tilt occurs. When such tilting occurs, the radius drawn by the friction contact points with the power rollers 6 and 9 on the input disks 4 and 7 and the radius drawn by the friction contact points with the power rollers 6 and 9 on the output disks 5 and 8 As a result, the continuously variable transmission is performed. In the tilt control of the power rollers 6 and 9, the displacement of the trunnion in the tilt axis direction is controlled by the operation of an actuator (not shown) so that the target gear ratio is achieved by a controller (not shown).
[0027]
The lubrication device 37 for lubricating the traction drive unit supplies oil to the oil reservoir chamber 40 that surrounds the input disks 4, 7 and the tip portions 38, 39 of the output disks 5, 8, and the oil reservoir chamber 40. An oil sump member 42 in which an oil passage 41 is formed is integrally provided in the casing 25 and is disposed in a space between the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 8. . The oil sump member 42 is formed in a ring shape, and includes an inner cylindrical member 43 loosely fitted to the main shaft 3 and an outer cylindrical member 44 disposed concentrically with respect to the inner cylindrical member 43. The front end portions 38 and 39 of the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 8 are disposed between the inner cylindrical member 43 and the outer cylindrical member 44, and an oil sump chamber 40 is formed between the cylindrical members 43 and 44. Forming. The inner cylindrical member 43 and the outer cylindrical member 44 are connected by a partition wall 45 made of a ring-shaped plate. The partition wall 45 is a surface perpendicular to the main shaft 3 and is formed at an intermediate position between the disks 4, 5, 7 and 8. The oil sump chamber 40 is divided into two by a partition wall 45. The outer cylindrical member 44 has a connecting portion 46 that is integrally provided radially, and an oil passage 41 for supplying oil 47 to the oil sump chamber 40 is formed in the connecting portion 46.
[0028]
A post 48 extending inward from the casing 25 toward the main shaft 3 is integrally attached to the casing 25. An oil passage 49 communicating with the oil passage of the casing 25 is formed at the center of the post 48. The oil sump member 42 is connected to the post 48 via the connecting portion 46, and the oil passage 41 of the connecting portion 46 and the oil passage 49 of the post 48 communicate with each other. The oil 47 is supplied from the casing 25 through the oil passages 49 and 41 to the oil sump chamber 40 formed in the oil sump member 42 and stored.
[0029]
Seal members 52 that contact the inner peripheral surfaces 50 and 51 of the center holes of the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 8 are provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of both ends in the axial direction of the inner cylindrical member 43. For this reason, the oil 47 stored in the oil sump chamber 40 does not flow out to the main shaft 3 side. The outer cylindrical member 44 is formed in an arc shape in cross section, and a small gap C is provided between the toroidal curved surfaces at the tip portions 38 and 39 of the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 8. 4 and 7 and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the output discs 5 and 8 cause the oil 47 stored in the oil sump chamber 40 to flow out from the gap C to the toroidal curved surfaces of the discs 4, 5, 7 and 8. The discs 4, 5, 7, 8 flow toward the rear end portions 53, 54, that is, the outer peripheral portion, and the entire toroidal curved surfaces of the discs 4, 5, 7, 8 including the traction drive portion are lubricated.
[0030]
Next, the operation of this toroidal continuously variable transmission will be described. When power from the engine is input to the input shaft 13 via the torque converter 12, the torque input to the input shaft 13 is transmitted to the input disk 4 of the toroidal transmission unit 1 via the loading cam 14 and the cam roller 15. The The input disk 4 is moved toward the output disk 5 by the cam action of the loading cam 14 and the like and is pressed against the power roller 6. As the input disk 4 rotates, the power roller 6 rotates and the rotation is transmitted to the output disk 5. At the same time, the main shaft 3 moves in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the input disk 4 by the cam action of the loading cam 14 and the like, and the torque from the input shaft 13 is input to the input disk 7 of the toroidal transmission unit 2 via the main shaft 3. Is done. The rotation of the input disk 7 is transmitted to the output disk 8 via the power roller 9.
[0031]
Oil 47 for lubricating the traction drive part is supplied from the casing 25 side to the oil sump chamber 40 through the oil passage 49 of the post 48 and the oil passage 41 of the oil sump member 42. Since the oil storage chamber 40 is soaked with the tip portions 38 and 39 of the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 8, the oil 47 accumulated in the oil storage chamber 40 causes the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 5. 8 is lubricated, and the oil 47 flows out thinly from the gap C so as to stretch the membrane on the toroidal curved surface by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the input disks 4 and 7 and the output disks 5 and 8. The input disks 4 and 7, the output disks 5 and 8, and the power rollers 6 and 9 are lubricated, and the traction drive unit is cooled. In this manner, this lubricating device does not spray oil from the nozzle, but immerses the disks 4, 5, 7, and 8 in the oil 47 stored in the oil reservoir chamber 40. 5, 7 and 8 will not jump and jump, so there will be almost no bubble entrainment.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The toroidal continuously variable transmission lubrication device according to the present invention, as described above, immerses the tip of the input disk and output disk in the oil sump chamber, and the toroidal curved surfaces of both disks by centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the input disk and output disk. Since the whole is lubricated, the oil is not splashed off by the rotation of the disk as in the conventional case. Therefore, since the amount of bubbles generated in the toroidal transmission unit is dramatically reduced, the amount of bubbles mixed into the control hydraulic circuit is also reduced, the control hydraulic pressure is stabilized, and the shift control is stabilized. Further, since the amount of bubbles mixed into the control hydraulic circuit is greatly reduced, cavitation is not caused and noise can be prevented.
[0033]
Further, since the oil sump chamber is sized so that only the tip of the input disk and the output disk can be immersed, the volume can be small and the amount of oil used can be small. Therefore, the oil consumption necessary for lubrication and cooling can be reduced, and the load on the oil pump can be reduced. Moreover, since the oil sump chamber has a small volume, oil hardly becomes a resistance to rotating members such as input disks, output disks, and power rollers, and sliding members such as input disks and output disks. There are few.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a toroidal continuously variable transmission to which a lubricating device according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a lubricating device for a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention.
3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the lubricating device shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional toroidal continuously variable transmission lubrication device.
5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the lubricating device shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2 Toroidal transmission 3 Main shaft 4, 7 Input disc 5, 8 Output disc 6, 9 Power roller 25 Casing 37 Lubricating device 38, 39 Tip 40 Oil reservoir chamber 41 Oil passage 42 Oil reservoir member 43 Inner cylindrical member 44 Outside Cylindrical member 45 Bulkhead

Claims (3)

  An input disk that is axially movable with respect to the main shaft and supported to be rotatable integrally with the main shaft; an output disk that is disposed opposite to the input disk and is supported to be rotatable relative to the main shaft; A toroidal transmission unit having a power roller disposed between the input disk and the output disk, and having a power roller for continuously changing the rotation of the input disk in accordance with a tilt angle with respect to the two disks and transmitting the rotation to the output disk. In the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission built in the casing, an oil sump member in which an oil sump chamber surrounding the tip portions of the input disk and the output disk and an oil passage for supplying oil to the sump chamber are formed. A lubrication device for a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, which is provided integrally with a casing. The oil reservoir member has an inner cylindrical member that is loosely fitted to the main shaft and is in contact with a center hole of the input disk and the output disk, and an outer cylindrical member that is concentrically arranged with respect to the inner cylindrical member. The leading ends of the input disk and the output disk are disposed between the inner cylindrical member and the outer cylindrical member, and the oil reservoir chamber is formed between the cylindrical members. The lubricating device of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1.   The said inner cylindrical member and the said outer cylindrical member are connected by the partition arrange | positioned in the middle of the said both discs, The said oil sump chamber is divided | segmented into two by the said partition. Lubricating device for toroidal type continuously variable transmission.

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