JP4084706B2

JP4084706B2 - Filling member used in facilities that store and / or infiltrate rainwater, etc., and its construction method

Info

Publication number: JP4084706B2
Application number: JP2003157140A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 慎一武田
Original assignee: Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-06-02
Filing date: 2003-06-02
Publication date: 2008-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-02
Also published as: JP2004360231A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設に使用され貯留部内に充填する充填部材に係り、特に、雨水と共に流入する砂等を効率よく所定の方向に誘導でき施工が容易な充填部材と、その施工方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、例えば大規模な宅地造成地では、造成面積に見合う間隔や規模で調整池を造成している。この調整池は、例えば地面を１ｍ程度掘下げて雨水等の貯留部を形成し、この貯留部に周囲の住宅地からの排水溝や道路の側溝を接続するものであり、集中豪雨等に際しては余分な雨水等を一時貯留して、周囲の住宅地の雨水等の滞留や、河川の氾濫や、下水の河川への流出等を防止するものである。また、貯留部の周囲を透水シートで形成して、雨水を徐々に地面に浸透させるように構成した浸透式の貯留部を用いたものもある。このように貯留部の壁面を遮水性シートで形成するか、透水性シートで形成するか、あるいは下方を遮水性シートで形成し上方を透水性シートで形成することによって、貯留施設、浸透施設、貯留浸透施設として機能させるものである。
【０００３】
この種の雨水等の貯留浸透施設として、特許文献１に記載の雨水等の貯留浸透施設がある。この公報に記載の技術は、地面を掘下げてタンク部を構成し、その底部からグランドライン付近まで、複数の容器状部材を縦横かつ上下に配設して充填し、最上部には、被覆手段を施したことを特徴とするものである。そして、容器状部材を多数の孔を有する底部及び周側板で構成し、底部に向かって小さくなるテーパ状に構成したことを特徴とするものである。
【０００４】
また、雨水を貯留する装置として、特許文献２に記載の雨水貯溜装置がある。この公報に記載の技術は、地面を掘下げて形成した貯水槽の内部に、複数本の支柱を備えた合成樹脂製充填体を縦横に並べると共に上下に積み重ねて充填し、その上に被覆手段を施した雨水貯溜装置であって、貯水槽の底面に固形分排出用の溝を形成し、少なくとも上方の合成樹脂製充填体の支柱間に多数の水噴射孔を有する散水管、又は多数の排気孔を有する散気管を配設したものであり、充填体に堆積する固形分を簡単に取り除くことができるメンテナンスの容易な雨水貯溜装置を提供するものである。
【０００５】
さらに、この種の貯留浸透施設で、雨水等に混じって砂や小石が施設内に進入し、長期間に砂等が堆積して貯留容積を狭めることを防止するために、砂等を一定の方向に誘導して所定の位置にまとめて堆積させ、この堆積物を容易に除去して内容量を復帰させる貯留浸透施設と、この施設に使用する充填部材が本願出願人より出願されている。この施設で使用する充填部材は、例えばプラスチックで形成され、貯留施設の内部に縦横且つ上下に積み重ねて充填されるものであり、雨水等を所定の方向に誘導する傾斜板部を備えている。
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特公平４−２６６４８号公報（特許請求の範囲第１〜３項、第１図）
【特許文献２】
特開２０００−１６０６０６号公報（請求項１，２、図２）
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、前記した特許文献１の貯留浸透施設は、雨水と共に砂や汚泥が貯留部に流れ込むことを防止するため、流入部に泥溜め枡を備えているが、長期間使用しているうちに泥溜め枡を通過した砂や汚泥が貯留部の底面に沈殿して堆積する。貯留部は内部に容器状部材が縦横かつ上下に配設して充填されており、堆積した砂や汚泥を除去することが難しい。このため、貯留部の内容積が徐々に少なくなって雨水の貯留量が少なくなり、内容積が極端に少なくなると調整池として機能しなくなる虞があった。その場合、既設の調整池を掘り起こし、充填部材を撤去後に清掃し、再度充填部材を配設しなおすという手間と多額な維持費がかかる。また、必要に応じて新規の貯留浸透施設を造成することとなり、新たな土地を必要とし、土地の有効利用の妨げになるという問題点も生じる。
【０００８】
また、前記した特許文献２の雨水貯溜装置は、貯水槽の内部に散水管や散気管を別途配設するため、構成が複雑となって装置の作製が煩雑となり、費用もかさむという問題点がある。そして、散水管や散気管が貯水槽内に位置するため、その分貯水槽の空隙率が下がり貯水量が減るという問題点がある。さらに、充填体に堆積する固形分を散水管で取り除くときには、貯水槽を空にして散水管から高圧の水を噴射する操作が必要である。
【０００９】
さらに、前記の本願出願人の出願にかかる貯留浸透施設は、前記のとおり、堆積物を容易に除去でき非常に画期的であるが、充填部材を積み重ねるときに誘導方向を決めて積み重ねる必要がある。すなわち、施工時に誘導方向を間違えて積み重ねると砂等を所定の方向に誘導できず、底面の広い面積に分散して堆積するため、その機能が失われてしまい、積み重ね施工の際に一つひとつの充填部材の誘導方向を確かめながら施工する必要がある。その結果、従来の方向性のない充填部材の施工と比較すると、積み重ねや縦横に並べる連設施工作業が煩雑となり施工スピードが落ちるという問題点があった。
【００１０】
本発明は、このような問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、砂や小石等を一定の方向に誘導できる充填部材の連設施工作業が容易に行え、施工作業のスピードアップが可能な充填部材を提供することにある。また、充填部材を容易に連設することができ、雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設の施工を短持間に効率良く行うことができる充填部材の施工方法を提供することを目的とする。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成すべく、本発明に係る充填部材は、雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設に使用し、雨水等を貯留する貯留部内に縦横かつ上下に連設して充填するものであって、この充填部材は、貯留部に流入した雨水等を重力により所定方向に誘導する誘導手段を備えており、該誘導手段は雨水等が誘導される方向を示すマークを有することを特徴とする。
【００１２】
前記のごとく構成された本発明の充填部材は、貯留及び／又は浸透する施設の内容積を確保する空間に充填部材を縦横に並べるとともに上下に積み重ねる連設施工時に、誘導手段に誘導方向を示すマークが付されているため、そのマークを見ながら誘導方向を確認して容易に連設することができる。このため、誘導方向を間違えることが防止されて砂等を確実に所定の方向に誘導でき、この種施設の長寿命化を達成でき、施工作業の効率化を図ることができる。
【００１３】
本発明に係る充填部材の他の態様としては、雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設に使用し、雨水等を貯留する貯留部内に縦横かつ上下に連設して充填するものであって、この充填部材は、上下方向に積み重ねる複数の連結部と、貯留部に流入した雨水等を所定の誘導方向に誘導する傾斜板部とを備え、連結部は少なくとも１つの形状及び／又は位置が残りの連結部と異なっており、誘導方向が一致したときのみ上下に連設できることを特徴とする。すなわち、方向が異なる場合は連結できない構成となっている。
【００１４】
この構成の充填部材は、貯留及び／又は浸透する施設の貯留部に充填する際に、底面から１段目の充填部材の誘導方向を予め設定しておけば、２段目以降の充填部材は１段目の充填部材に合わせて積み重ねるだけで誘導方向が一定の方向となり、多数の充填部材の方向を確実に所定の方向に合わせることができる。このため、施設の長寿命化を達成できると共に、充填部材の連設作業の効率化を図れ、作業時間を短縮できる。
【００１５】
また、本発明に係る充填部材の好ましい具体的な態様としては、誘導手段である前記傾斜板部は、その上面に誘導する方向を示すマークを有することを特徴としており、熱可塑性プラスチックで構成されることが好ましい。この構成によれば、貯留部の底面の１段目に充填部材を水平方向に並べるとき、傾斜板部の誘導方向を容易に確認して並べることができ、施工作業の短縮化を図ることができる。
【００１６】
本発明の充填部材の施工方法は、雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設に使用し、雨水等を貯留する貯留部内に縦横かつ上下に連設して充填する前記のいずれかに記載の充填部材の施工方法で、貯留部の底面全面に、先ず雨水等を誘導する方向を設定して１段目の充填部材を縦横に並べて敷詰め、２段目以降の充填部材は１段目の充填部材と誘導方向を揃えて上下に積み重ねて施工することを特徴とする。
【００１７】
このように構成された本発明の充填部材の施工方法は、貯留部の底面全面に１段目の充填部材を並べて敷詰めるときに、その誘導方向又は傾斜板部の傾斜方向を所定の方向に設定しておけば、２段目以降の多数の充填部材は１段目の充填部材のマークに合わせて積み重ねるだけなので、施工が容易に行える。また、１段目の充填部材と誘導方向が異なると重ね合わせることができないため、２段目以降の充填部材は誘導方向を確かめる必要がなく積み重ねることができ、作業時間の短縮を図ることができる。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設に使用する充填部材の一実施形態を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。なお、本実施の形態では、雨水等を貯留する貯留施設について先に説明し、次いで充填部材を詳細に説明する。図１は、本実施の形態に係る雨水等の貯留施設の断面図、図２は、図１の貯留部の上部に位置する被覆部材を省略した平面図、図３は、図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【００１９】
図１〜３において、雨水等の貯留施設は、大雨が降ったときに雨水を一時的に貯留し、河川流量が急激に増大するのを防止する流出抑制効果を有するものである。そして、貯留された雨水等を植木への散水や洗車用水、非常時の生活用水や防火用水として利用することもできるものであり、地面１を掘下げて形成した貯留部１０と、貯留部１０内に水平方向に並べて設置すると共に、上下方向に重ねる多数の充填部材３０と、充填部材３０の最上部に載置され貯留部１０の上部を覆う被覆部材４０とを備えている。
【００２０】
貯留部１０は、地面１を例えば１〜１０ｍ程度の深さで平面形状が矩形状に掘下げて掘削部２を造成し、底面は割栗石等を敷詰め突き固めて基礎部３を形成している。貯留部１０の底面は、基本的には平坦面となっており、底面の長辺方向の中央部には平坦面から一段落ち込んだ凹窪部１１が形成されている。この凹窪部１１は底面の短辺方向の全幅に亘って形成されている。凹窪部１１の底面及び貯留部１０の底面全面には、遮水シート１２が敷設されている。遮水シート１２としては厚さが１．５ｍｍ以上の合成ゴム又は樹脂系シート又はアスファルト系シートを使用している。そして、貯留部１０の底面の凹窪部１１には格子状のフレーム１４が嵌め込まれ、貯留部１０の底面は全面が略平坦となっている。
【００２１】
なお、割栗石等から形成される基礎部３上に保護ボード１３を敷き、その上に遮水シート１２を敷設するようにしてもよい。また、前記した保護ボード１３の代わりに、遮水シート１２の下に必要に応じてポリエステル系不織布シート等の基礎用シート（図示せず）を敷設し、遮水シート１２を基礎部３の割栗石から保護するようにしてもよい。さらに、凹窪部は貯留部の広さに応じて複数本形成し、複数の凹窪部に充填部材３０の後述する傾斜板部で雨水を誘導するようにしてもよい。
【００２２】
前記のように略平坦とされた貯留部１０の底面に、多数の充填部材３０が水平に並べられると共に、上下に重ねられて設置される。本実施の形態では、貯留部１０は図２に示すように充填部材３０を１段に２０個並設するスペースを有し、凹窪部１１の両端に対応する２ヶ所を除いた１８個を１段に並設している。この状態で充填部材３０を７段、直接積み重ねて小さいピッチとし、この上に充填部材３０を４段、連結部材３５を挟んで積み重ねて大きいピッチとしており、充填部材３０は貯留部１０内に充填されて雨水等の貯留空間を確保すると共に、上部の被覆部材４０を支持するものである。
【００２３】
２個の充填部材が除かれた貯留部１０内を上下方向に貫通するスペースには、凹窪部１１に連通する角型マンホール１５，１６を設置している。そして、充填部材３０の傾斜板部で誘導された雨水が砂等と共に凹窪部１１に誘導され落下する構成となっている。また、この角型マンホール１５，１６は、凹窪部１１に堆積された砂等の堆積物を除去する際に、バキューム管や洗浄水を噴射する管を通すスペースとして利用されると共に、貯留部１０の雨水を空にして内部状況を点検できるようにマンホールの内周壁には点検孔が穿口されている。
【００２４】
つぎに、前記した貯留施設の貯留部内に充填される充填部材について、図４〜６を参照して詳細に説明する。図４，５は、図１の施設に使用する充填部材の上方の斜視図と、下方の斜視図、図６は図４のＢ−Ｂ線断面図と、Ｃ−Ｃ線断面図である。図４〜６において、充填部材３０は、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、塩化ビニル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等の熱可塑性プラスチックや、これらの廃プラスチック等から形成され、貯留部１０の上部を覆う被覆部材４０の垂直荷重、及び水圧による水平荷重を支持し、貯留部１０の空間を確保する４本の柱状の連結部３１と、４本の連結部３１に固定され水平面に対して５度程度の角度で傾斜する傾斜板部３２とから構成されている。
【００２５】
傾斜板部３２は厚さが４〜５ｍｍ程度の肉厚の板材で形成され、流入した雨水等を所定方向に誘導する誘導手段を構成する。傾斜板部３２の傾斜方向Ｓは、矢印の先端が低い方向となっており、傾斜角度が緩やかな場合砂等が雨水と共に流れずに滞留するため、５度程度の傾斜角度が好ましい。充填部材３０は、例えば１辺が５０ｃｍ〜１ｍ程度の正方形の傾斜板部３２と、傾斜板部の四隅に上下に延びる連結部３１とから構成され、連結部は高さが１０〜１５ｃｍ程度の三角柱で形成され、１辺が５０ｃｍ〜１ｍ程度で高さが１０〜１５ｃｍ程度の直方体に納まるような形状をしている。
【００２６】
なお、充填部材３０の大きさは、１辺が３０ｃｍ程度の大きさでも、また１辺が１ｍ以上の大きさでもよい。また、充填部材３０の傾斜板部３２は平板を傾斜させた例を示したが、平板でなく傾斜方向に沿って緩やかに凹んだ、あるいは緩やかに凸状に膨らんだ湾曲面でもよく、小さい段差が連続して勾配が付いた階段状の傾斜面でもよい。さらに、急勾配から緩勾配に途中で変化するような傾斜面で構成してもよい。要するに、流入する雨水が重力の作用により一定の方向にのみ流れるような傾斜面であればよい。
【００２７】
連結部３１は厚さが４〜５ｍｍ程度の肉厚の板材で形成され、大きい断面の三角パイプ状の上部柱部３１ａの下方には、上部柱部３１ａの内部に嵌合する小さい断面の三角パイプ状の下部柱部３１ｂが形成されている。したがって、充填部材３０の上部柱部３１ａに、他の充填部材３０の下部柱部３１ｂを内嵌させることにより充填部材３０同士を小さいピッチ、すなわち連結部３１の高さのピッチで積み重ねて連設することができる。三角パイプ状の連結部３１の底面と側面には上下に貫通孔３１ｃ，３１ｄが形成され、下方の貫通孔から雨水が進入することができ、側方の貫通孔から内部の空気が逃げることができる。なお、下部柱部３１ｂは、コーナー部が切欠かれているが連続したものでもよい。また、連結部３１内の底面は土砂等を傾斜板部３２に誘導するために、側面の貫通孔方向に傾斜していることが好ましい。
【００２８】
傾斜板部３２の下面には補強部が形成され、上面は平坦で緩やかな傾斜面となっている。補強部としては、所定の間隔で一体的に縦横に立設された格子状の補強リブ３３が形成されている。この補強リブ３３は傾斜板部３２の上下方向の中央部から上側の上下幅が一定で、中央部から下側に行くにしたがって上下幅が徐々に小さくなるように形成されている。この構成により、傾斜板部３２の上面に荷重が加わっても傾斜板部３２の変形は小さくなり、上面に施工者が載ってもひび割れ等の破損が生じることを防止できる。なお、補強リブは格子状でなくてもよいが、格子状にすると一方向のものと比較して強度が大きくなり好ましく、六角形のハニカム格子状が強度面からより好ましい。
【００２９】
傾斜板部３２には、補強リブ３３で囲まれた下方開口の空間が形成され、この空間の上部と連通する貫通孔３４が形成してある。この貫通孔３４は、下方開口の空間において傾斜板部３２の上方側の補強リブ３３に近接して穿設され、１つの空間に対して１つの貫通孔が穿設されている。この構成により、貯留部１０に下方から徐々に雨水が溜まって上昇してきたとき、この下方開口の空間に空気が溜まったままとならず、空気が貫通孔３４から上面側に移動して代わりに雨水が進入することができ、全ての空間に雨水が進入して浮力による充填部材の浮き上がりを防止することができることとなり、貯留部１０に雨水を充満させて所定の貯留量を確保することができるものとなる。
【００３０】
充填部材３０の傾斜板部３２上面には、この傾斜板部の傾斜方向、すなわち流入した雨水等を誘導する方向に沿ってクサビ状のマークＭが付されている。このマークＭは、充填部材３０を射出成形するときの成形型（図示せず）に刻設されており、射出成形後に離型すると例えば凹凸模様として形成されるものである。このマークＭは傾斜板部３２の勾配の上流部から下流部に向けて先細となっており、先細方向が誘導方向となっている。なお、マークＭは、前記のように成形時に刻接したものに限らず、成型後にマークを印刷したシール等を貼り付けたものでもよい。
【００３１】
充填部材３０は、前記のように柱状部３１の上部柱部３１ａに、他の充填部材３０の下部柱部３１ｂを内嵌させることにより充填部材３０同士を小さいピッチで連結できるとともに、連結部３１の上部に連結部材３５を挟んで積み上げることにより、大きいピッチで積み重ねて連設することができる。連結部材３５は三角パイプ状の連結部３１を繋ぐものであり、図７に示すように上方の大きい三角パイプ状の連結部３６は充填部材３０の下部柱部３１ｂを外嵌し、下方の小さい略三角パイプ状の連結部３７は充填部材３０の上部柱部３１ａに内嵌されるように構成されている。連結部材３５の高さを調整することにより、充填部材３０を積み重ねるピッチを任意に設定することができる。また、図示していないが、連結部の高さの大きい充填部材と、小さい充填部材の２種類の充填部材を準備し、小さいピッチ又は大きいピッチで積み重ねるようにしてもよい。なお、下方の連結部３７は一部が切欠かれているが、連続したものでもよい。
【００３２】
連結部材３５は外側の直交する垂直面に水平方向の接合部３８を備えている。垂直面の一方には接合凸部３８ａが突出形成され、垂直面の他方には接合凸部３８ａが嵌合する接合孔３８ｂが形成されている。接合凸部３８ａは、接合孔とほぼ同じ直径の根元の小径部と、その上部の先端が傾斜している大径部とから構成され、小径部と大径部に掛けてスリットが形成され、大径部は内側に湾曲して縮径することができる。この構成により、接合凸部３８ａは接合孔３８ｂに嵌合して保持され、連結部材３５同士を水平方向に接合することができる。連結部材３５は土砂を傾斜板部３２に誘導するために傾斜した仕切り板を備えており、この仕切り板の低い位置には貫通孔３９が形成され、雨水の進入と空気の排出も可能となっている。
【００３３】
連結部材３５は、図８（ａ）、図９（ａ）に示すように、接合部３８の接合凸部３８ａを接合孔３８ｂに嵌合させることにより２個の連結部材３５を接合することができる。このように２個を接合させた連結部材は、充填部材３０が貯留部１０の外周側に位置しているときに使用する。また、図８（ｂ）、図９（ｂ）に示すように、接合部３８の接合凸部３８ａを接合孔３８ｂに嵌合させることにより４個の連結部材３５を接合することができる。この場合は、充填部材３０が貯留部１０の中心側に位置しているときに使用する。なお、使用していない接合凸部３８ａで突出しているものは、刃物等で切断して平坦としてもよい。また、角型マンホール１５，１６の角部に対向する充填部材３０を接合するときは、図示していないが３個の連結部材を接合して使用する。
【００３４】
本実施の形態では、図２において左端の縦一列の４個の充填部材３０は雨水を誘導する傾斜方向Ｓ１が右方向に向くように、すなわち貯留部の中央の凹窪部１１に向けて誘導するように配置され、右端の縦一列の４個の充填部材３０も傾斜方向Ｓ１が左方向に向いて貯留部の中央の凹窪部１１に向けて誘導するように配置されている。そして、左端から２番目の縦一列の４個の充填部材３０は、上から順に傾斜方向Ｓが下向きＳ３、右向きＳ１、上向きＳ４、上向きＳ３になるように配置され、右端から２番目の縦一列の４個の充填部材３０は上から順に傾斜方向Ｓが下向きＳ３、左向きＳ１、左向きＳ１、上向きＳ３になるように配置される。中央上側の充填部材３０は、傾斜方向Ｓが同図において下向きＳ２になるように配置され、中央下側の充填部材３０は左向きＳ３になるように配置されている。
【００３５】
前記の傾斜方向は以下のように決定されている。第１に充填部材の傾斜方向Ｓ１は凹窪部１１に向けられる。第２に凹窪部の上部に位置する充填部材は傾斜方向Ｓ２のように流出側に向けられる。第３に連通路であるマンホール部分では、雨水が行き止まりにならないように別の方向に傾斜方向Ｓ３のように逃がす。そして、第４に隣同士の充填部材の傾斜方向が向き合わないように傾斜方向Ｓ４とする。この結果、流出側のマンホール部分では、一部の雨水が右回りに旋回する旋回流Ｓ５が生じて徐々に傾斜板部の隙間から落下するように構成される。なお、傾斜方向Ｓ３を右向きとし、右側の充填部材の傾斜方向Ｓ４を上向きにすることにより旋回流を中央より右側に、左回りとするようにしてもよい。
【００３６】
このため、雨水は充填部材３０により中央の凹窪部１１に向けて誘導されると共に、凹窪部１１に向けて徐々に落下して誘導される構成となっている。充填部材３０はこのような誘導方向で、小さいピッチで７段積み重ねたあと、連結部材３５を挟んで大きいピッチで４段積み重ねられる。なお、小さいピッチで積み重ねた場合は、傾斜板部３２は下段側の誘導方向の傾斜板部３２と僅かな段差で連続し、雨水を連続的に誘導できる。
【００３７】
このように１段に１８個連設して、１１段積み重ねられた充填部材３０は、基礎に相当する下半分が小さいピッチで積み重ねられて強度が大きくなっており、上半分は大きいピッチで空隙率が大きくなっている。また、充填部材３０を高く積み重ねると不安定となるが、上部の充填部材３０は連結部材３５の接合部３８で水平方向に接合されているため安定し、施工が容易となる。さらに、充填部材３０は積み重ね状態が安定しているため、上部の被覆部材４０を安定して支持することができ、雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設の耐久性を向上させることができる。
【００３８】
充填部材３０は、単位体積当たりの空隙率が高いことや、実用上十分な強度、耐久性を有することが要求されると共に、運搬施工が容易であり、維持管理が容易であることが要求され、耐荷重は例えば垂直方向は１平方メートル当たり５〜２０トン、水平方向は５〜１６トン、空隙率は９０％程度が好ましい。また、前記のように連結部３１に貫通孔やスリットを設けて内部に雨水等が入るようにして空隙率を上げることが好ましい。
【００３９】
充填部材３０が上下に１１段に積層され設置されたあと、充填部材３０の側面を覆う壁材２０が立設され、その外側に遮水シート２１が垂直方向に配置され、さらに外側には砂利や砕石等の埋め戻し材２２が掘削部２との間に充填される。壁材２０は、この外側に位置する遮水シート２１が貯留部１０の空間に入り込むのを防止している。遮水シート２１は貯留部１０の底面に敷いたものと同等の合成ゴム又は樹脂系シートを使用し、底面の遮水シート１２と漏水しないように、融着又は防水性の接着剤等で接合されている。遮水シート２１を砂利等の埋め戻し材２２から保護するため、遮水シート２１の外側に壁材２０と同等の保護板２３を配置してもよい。
【００４０】
なお、貯留施設でなく、浸透施設とする場合は、遮水シート１２，２１の代わりに、例えばポリエステルとポリプロピレンの複合張合わせをした透水シートを敷設する。浸透型の施設の場合、貯留部に溜まった雨水等を徐々に地面に浸透させる。また、貯留と浸透の両方の機能を持たせる場合は、底面を遮水シート１２とし、側面の途中まで遮水シート２１を敷設し、側面の途中から上を透水シートで覆うようにする。この貯留浸透型の施設の場合、上半分の透水シートから雨水等を徐々に地面に浸透させ、下半分は貯留して利用する。
【００４１】
貯留部１０には、周辺に降った雨水等を集める側溝等からの導水管２５が接続される。そして導水管２５の途中には泥溜め枡２６が設置され、雨水中の砂や泥が沈殿され、上澄み水が貯留部１０に導水管２５によって導入される構成となっている。導水管２５は複数本が泥溜め枡２６から延出して貯留部１０の壁材２０と遮水シート２１を貫通して等間隔に挿入されている。なお、複数の導水管２５は、その長さを変えて貯留部１０の奥に雨水を流入させるように構成してもよい。これにより、貯留部１０の長辺方向に沿って均一に雨水等を導入することができる。
【００４２】
貯留部１０の上部からオーバーフロー管２７が突出しており、貯留部１０の下部からはオリフィス管２８が突出している。オーバーフロー管２７は貯留部１０が満水に近い状態となると上部から放流するものである。オリフィス管２８は貯留部１０に溜められた雨水を徐々に流出させるものであり、オリフィスの径を調整して流出量を調整できる。貯留部１０に溜まった雨水を利用するときには、貯留部１０内の雨水をポンプで汲み上げて、植木への散水や洗車用水として利用することもできる。
【００４３】
貯留部１０の上部開口は被覆部材４０が覆っている。被覆部材４０は多数の充填部材３０の上部に載置される被覆ボード４１と、この上に敷設された遮水シート４２と、この上に埋め戻された埋め戻し層４３とから構成される。被覆ボード４１は、図示していないが充填部材３０の上部の連結部が嵌合する凹部を有すると充填部材に安定して載置できて好ましい。被覆ボード４１の角型マンホール１５，１６に対応する位置に連通口１７を固定する。そして、遮水シート４２を連通口１７に接合すると共に、遮水シート４２と側面の遮水シート２１は重ね合わせて側面で接合する。これにより凹窪部１１は、角型マンホール１５，１６と、連通口１７を通して地面に開口し、連通口１７から洗浄水やバキューム等のホースを挿入して凹窪部１１にホースの先端を到達させることができる。連通口１７は通常は図示していない蓋により閉じられている。なお、遮水シート４２の上に、保護ボード４４や保護シートを敷くようにしてもよい。
【００４４】
このようにして貯留部１０は、底面の遮水シート１２と、側面の遮水シート２１とにより、雨水等を貯留することができ、遮水シート１２，２１と上面の被覆部材４０の遮水シート４２とにより内部空間が構成される。そして、被覆部材４０の埋め戻し層４３により、地面１と同じ平面に埋め戻される。なお、貯留部１０の上部の遮水シート４２を透水シートで構成し、貯留部１０の上部に降った雨水を埋め戻し層４３、透水シート、被覆ボード４１を通して直接、貯留部１０に貯留するようにしてもよい。また、被覆部材は前記の構成に限らず、充填部材の上部に単にコンクリート板等を並べるような構成でもよい。
【００４５】
前記の如く構成された本実施形態の雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設の貯留部に、充填部材３０を水平方向に並べて、上下方向に積み重ねる連設施工動作について以下に説明する。地面１を掘下げて掘削部２を形成し、掘削部２の底面に基礎部３を形成する。基礎部３の長辺方向の中央部に短辺方向に全幅に亘って凹窪部１１を形成する。
【００４６】
貯留部１０の底面に遮水シート１２を敷き、フレーム１４を嵌め込んだあと、貯留部１０の底面に充填部材３０の１段目を並べる。この１段目の連設作業において、各充填部材３０は図２に示すような方向で敷詰められる。図２において、例えば左端側の４つの充填部材はマークＭが貯留部１０の中央を向くように、すなわち傾斜方向Ｓ１に合わせて配置され、右端側の４つの充填部材はマークＭが中央を向くように、すなわち傾斜方向Ｓ１に合わせて配置される。同様にして、１段目の連設作業は傾斜方向Ｓ１〜Ｓ４に合わせて行われ、貯留部１０の最下段（１段目）に充填部材３０を傾斜板部３２が所定の方向に向くように１８個を全面に並べる。１段目の充填部材の敷詰め完了後、施工責任者が誘導方向の確認をすることが好ましい。
【００４７】
貯留部１０の底面全面に、１段目の充填部材を敷詰めたあと、その上に２段目の充填部材３０を積み重ねる。２段目の充填部材３０は１段目の充填部材３０の連結部３１の上部柱部３１ａに、２段目の充填部材３０の下部柱部３１ｂを内嵌させて直接連結し、小さいピッチで積み重ねられる。２段目の充填部材３０は、既に底面全面に敷詰められた１段目の充填部材３０のマークＭに合わせて、傾斜板部３２が所定の方向に向くように積み重ねることができるため、施工が容易で、間違えることなく短時間で終了する。なお、最下段に貫通孔を多数穿設した下地ボードを敷き、その上に充填部材３０を積み重ねるようにしてもよい。
【００４８】
充填部材３０は正方形の傾斜板部３２の四隅に連結部３１が突出し、傾斜板部３２は下面側に補強リブ３３が形成され上面側は平坦であるため、施工者が傾斜板部３２上に容易に載ることができ、不要な突出物が無いため施工が容易となる。また、傾斜板部３２は補強されているため変形が少なく破損を防止でき、作業効率を上げることができる。さらに、マークＭは、上面に凹凸状態で刻設してあるので、施工者が載ったときに傾斜板部で滑るのを防止できる。このようにして、貯留部１０内に充填部材３０を本実施の形態では小さいピッチで、すなわち充填部材３０同士を直接７段積み重ねる。
【００４９】
このあと、充填部材３０の連結部３１の上に、連結部材３５を挟んで充填部材３０を積み重ねる。すなわち、１つの充填部材３０の４つの連結部３１の上部柱部３１ａに、４つの連結部材３５の下方の連結部３７を内嵌させ、連結部材３５の上方の連結部３６に充填部材３０の下部柱部３１ｂを内嵌させる。連結部３１が貯留部１０のコーナーに位置しているときは連結部３１の上部に１つの連結部材３５を重ねて押し込む。また、貯留部１０の外周で連結部３１，３１が２つ並んでいるときは、図８（ａ）に示すように２つの連結部材３５を接合部３８で接合して、２つの連結部３１，３１に重ねて押し込む。
【００５０】
さらに、貯留部１０の中間部では４つの連結部３１…が接しているが、この場合は図８（ｂ）に示すように４つの連結部材３５…を接合部３８で接合してから、４つの連結部３１…の上に載せて押し込む。角型マンホール１５，１６に接している充填部材３０は、３つの連結部材３５を接合して３つの連結部３１の上に載せて押し込む。これにより、２〜４つの連結部材３５は接合凸部３８ａを接合孔３８ｂに嵌合させて水平方向に連結されているため、７段積み重ねられた充填部材３０の上部が揺れて不安定になることを防止できる。
【００５１】
このようにして７段目の充填部材３０と８段目の充填部材３０を連結部材３５で連結し、連結部材３５同士は接合部３８により水平方向に関連付けられるため整然と並べることができ、充填部材３０の垂直方向の強度を向上させることができる。この８段面目の連結部材３５を挟んだ積み重ねも、７段目の充填部材３０上のマークＭを見ながら積み重ねできるため、連設作業が容易で短時間で行え、異なった方向での連設を防止できる。
【００５２】
同様にして、９段目から１１段目まで連結部材３５を挟んで３段積み重ねて充填部材３０の積み重ね動作を完了する。充填部材３０が積み重ねられ、施工者が載る面が底面から高くなると充填部材３０が揺れて施工しにくくなるが、上部の充填部材３０は連結部材３５で水平方向に繋げられるため充填部材３０の水平方向の揺れを防止でき、施工者が安定して作業できるため作業効率が向上し施工が容易となる。充填部材３０は下部が小さいピッチで積み重ねられ強度が向上し、上部が大きいピッチで積み重ねられ空隙率が向上する。
【００５３】
この貯留施設の周辺に雨が降り、側溝等により雨水が集められて泥溜め枡２６に流入し、ここで泥分が沈殿されて上澄み水が導水管２５から貯留部１０に導入される。貯留部１０に雨水が導入されると、上部の大きいピッチの充填部材３０で雨水及び砂や小砂利等は傾斜板部３２で中央に向けて誘導され、上段の充填部材３０から落ちた砂等は下段の充填部材３０で中央に誘導され、砂等を含む雨水は凹窪部１１の方向に誘導され落下する。そして砂等の固形分は凹窪部１１に沈殿する。従って、貯留部１０の底面全面に亘って、砂や汚泥が堆積することがなく、傾斜板部３２によって誘導された凹窪部１１に砂や汚泥が集中して堆積する。しかも、雨水が流入する際に、自動的に砂等が所定の方向に誘導され自浄されるため、固形分を充填部材から取り除くための洗浄等の操作を必要としない。
【００５４】
雨水が徐々に上昇し充填部材３０の補強リブ３３に到達すると、補強リブ３３に囲まれた下方開口の空間の空気は雨水面に押されて空気は貫通孔３４から逃げ、空間内には雨水が充満する。そして、補強リブ３３に囲まれた次の空間にも雨水が進入して充満され、このように下方に開口する空間内にも徐々に雨水を充填させることができ、貯留部１０内に雨水を効率良く貯留することができ、空隙率を高めることができる。
【００５５】
雨水に含まれる砂や汚泥は少量であるが、貯留施設を長期間使用すると砂等は徐々に堆積して量が増していく。また、降雨が激しいときは、泥溜め枡２６を通過して流入する砂等が増える。このようにして凹窪部１１に堆積した砂等の堆積物は、地面に開口する連通口１７から目視で判断することができ、ある程度の量となった時点で連通口１７から、例えばバキューム管を角型マンホール１５，１６に挿入して砂等の堆積物を吸い出して除去する。また、一方の角型マンホール１５から高圧洗浄水を噴射し、他方の角型マンホール１６から吸い出すと効率よく堆積物を除去できる。このため、貯留部１０に砂等が堆積して内容積が減少し、雨水の貯留量が減ることを防止できる。
【００５６】
降雨量が多く、導水管２５から多量の雨水等が流れ込み貯留部１０が満水状態となると、貯留部上部のオーバーフロー管２７から雨水は流出し、図示していない下水管等に排水される。貯留部１０内に溜められた貯留水を散水等に利用するときは、貯留部内の雨水をポンプで汲み上げて利用することができる。また、オリフィス管２８の途中に取水枡を設けて、ここから貯留水を取水して利用するようにしてもよい。
【００５７】
本発明の充填部材の他の実施形態を図１０に基づき詳細に説明する。図１０は、それぞれ本発明に係る充填部材の他の実施形態の斜視図である。なお、この実施形態は前記した実施形態に対し、誘導方向を示すマークの形状が異なっていることを特徴とする。そして、他の実質的に同等の構成については同じ符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【００５８】
図１０ａに示す充填部材３０Ａは、雨水等が重力により誘導される傾斜板部の上面に、下流側を示す矢印状のマークＭ１が付されている。また、図１０ｂに示す充填部材３０Ｂは、雨水等が重力により誘導される傾斜板部の上面に、下流側を示す円形のマークＭ２が付されている。マークＭ１，Ｍ２が付された充填部材３０Ａ，３０Ｂを上下方向に積み重ねるとき、既に固定された充填部材の方向を確認して上部に容易に積み重ねることができるため、連設施工作業を簡略化でき、施工のスピードアップを図ることができる。なお、マークの形状は前記のものに限らず傾斜板部の誘導方向を明示できるものなら形状は問わない。
【００５９】
この実施形態においても、充填部材３０を貯留部１０内に連設するとき、雨水等が流れる方向を示すマークＭ１，Ｍ２が上面の見やすい位置に付されているため、雨水等を誘導する方向の確認が容易に行え、方向を間違えることが防止されるので砂等の固形分は確実に所定の凹窪部に誘導でき施設の長寿命化を達成でき、連設施工作業が容易に行えスピードアップが図れる。
【００６０】
本発明の充填部材のさらに他の実施形態を図１１に基づき詳細に説明する。図１１は、それぞれ本発明に係る充填部材の他の実施形態の斜視図である。なお、この実施形態は前記した実施形態に対し、上下に積み重ねる充填部材の雨水等を誘導する方向が互いに異なっている場合には積み重ねることができないように、少なくとも１つの連結部の形状及び／又は位置が残りの連結部と異なっていることを特徴とする。すなわち、上下の充填部材の誘導方向が一致したときのみ重ね合わせて連設できるものである。そして、他の実質的に同等の構成については同じ符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【００６１】
図１１ａに示す充填部材３０Ｃは、４つのコーナー部に形成された三角柱状の連結部の大きさが１つだけ異なっているものである。すなわち、３つの三角柱状の連結部３１に対して、もう１つの三角柱状の連結部３１Ａは形状が異なって外形が大きく設定されている。このため、積み重ねようとしている充填部材の雨水等が流れる方向と、既に積み重ねられた下方の充填部材の誘導方向とが異なっていると４つの連結部を全て嵌合させることができず、誘導方向が異なった状態での積み重ねは確実に防止される。
【００６２】
また、図１１ｂに示す充填部材３０Ｄは、３つの連結部３１と形状の異なる１つの連結部３１Ｂとを備えており、連結部３１Ｂは四角柱状に形成されている。図１１ｃに示す充填部材３０Ｅは、３つの連結部３１と形状の異なる１つの連結部３１Ｃとを備えており、連結部３１Ｃは三角柱状の連結部が内側にオフセットされて位置が変化した状態で形成されている。
【００６３】
この２つの充填部材３０Ｄ，３０Ｅも、上下方向に積み重ねるときに誘導方向が下段の既に積み重ねられた充填部材の誘導方向と一致しないと連設することができないため、連設時に方向を間違えることを防止できる。これにより、多数の充填部材の誘導方向が確実に設定された方向になり、砂等を所望の方向に誘導できるため施設の長寿命化を達成でき、施工時間を短縮することができるので施工のスピードアップが可能となる。
【００６４】
以上、本発明の一実施形態について詳述したが、本発明は、前記の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の精神を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の設計変更を行うことができるものである。例えば、充填部材の連結部として、三角柱状の連結部の例を示したが、四角柱状や円柱状等、他の形状でもよいことは勿論である。
【００６５】
また、傾斜板部の上方に「上」あるいは「ＵＰ」等のマークを付し、傾斜板部の下方に「下」あるいは「ＤＯＷＮ」等のマークを付して雨水等を誘導する方向を表示してもよい。さらに、前記のマークを傾斜板部の１個所、例えば上方に「上」のマークだけを付けても連設作業を容易に行え、短時間の施工を可能とすることができる。誘導方向が一致したときのみ上下に連結できる構成として、充填部材の連結部の少なくとも１つの形状及び／又は位置が異なる例を示したが、２つ異なっているように構成してもよい。
【００６６】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から理解できるように、本発明の充填部材は、充填部材を水平方向に並べ、垂直方向に積み重ねる連設施工作業時に、雨水が流れる誘導方向を容易に確認できるため、施工作業が容易に行える。また、誘導方向が異なった状態での連設を防止できるため、砂等を確実に所定の方向に誘導して所定の場所に堆積させることができ、施設の寿命を延ばすことができる。
【００６７】
さらに、本発明の充填部材の施工方法によれば、先ず１段目の底面全面に誘導する方向を決めて充填部材を敷詰め、２段目以降の充填部材は１段目の充填部材に合わせて積み重ねることができ、あるいは１段目の充填部材と誘導方向が異なると連結部を上下方向に積み重ねることができないため、多数の充填部材を決められた方向に確実に、しかも容易に積み重ねることができ、施工作業を短時間で終了できスピードアップを達成できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る充填部材が使用される雨水等を貯留及び／又は浸透する施設の一実施形態の断面図。
【図２】図１の上部の被覆部材を省略した状態の平面図。
【図３】図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図。
【図４】図１の施設に使用する充填部材の上方の斜視図。
【図５】図１の施設に使用する充填部材の下方の斜視図。
【図６】（ａ）は図４のＢ−Ｂ線断面図、（ｂ）は図４のＣ−Ｃ線断面図。
【図７】図１の施設に使用する連結部材を示し、（ａ）は上方の斜視図、（ｂ）は下方の斜視図。
【図８】（ａ）は図７の連結部材を２つ組んだ状態の斜視図、（ｂ）は４つ組んだ状態の斜視図。
【図９】（ａ）は図７の連結部材を２つ組んだ状態の平面図、（ｂ）は４つ組んだ状態の平面図。
【図１０】（ａ）、（ｂ）は、それぞれ充填部材の他の実施形態の斜視図。
【図１１】（ａ）〜（ｃ）は、それぞれ充填部材のさらに他の実施形態の斜視図。
【符号の説明】
１…地面、２…掘削部、３…基礎部、１０…貯留部、１１…凹窪部、１２，２１…遮水シート、１４…フレーム、１５，１６…角型マンホール（連通路）、１７…連通口、２０…壁材、３０，３０Ａ，３０Ｂ，３０Ｃ，３０Ｄ，３０Ｅ…充填部材、３１，３１Ａ，３１Ｂ，３１Ｃ…連結部、３２…傾斜板部（誘導手段）、３３…補強リブ（補強部）、３４…貫通孔、３５…連結部材、３８…接合部、３８ａ…接合凸部、３８ｂ…接合孔、４０…被覆部材、４１…被覆ボード、４２…遮水シート、４３…埋め戻し層、Ｓ，Ｓ１〜Ｓ４…傾斜方向（誘導方向）Ｓ５…旋回流、Ｍ，Ｍ１，Ｍ２…マーク[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a filling member used in a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater and the like, and filling the storage portion, and more particularly, a filling member that can efficiently guide sand flowing in with rainwater in a predetermined direction and can be easily constructed. And its construction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, in large-scale residential land development sites, adjustment ponds are created at intervals and scales commensurate with the development area. This adjustment pond, for example, digs up the ground about 1 m to form a reservoir for rainwater, etc., and connects the drainage drainage from the surrounding residential area and the side ditch of the road to this reservoir. Temporary rainwater and the like are temporarily stored to prevent stagnation of rainwater in the surrounding residential area, flooding of rivers, outflow of sewage to rivers, and the like. In addition, there is a type that uses a permeation type storage unit that is configured to form a permeation sheet around the storage unit and gradually infiltrate rainwater into the ground. In this way, by forming the wall surface of the storage part with a water-permeable sheet, forming with a water-permeable sheet, or forming the lower part with a water-permeable sheet and forming the upper part with a water-permeable sheet, It functions as a storage and infiltration facility.
[0003]
As this type of storage and penetration facility for rainwater and the like, there is a storage and penetration facility for rainwater and the like described in Patent Document 1. The technology described in this publication forms a tank part by digging the ground, filling a plurality of container-like members arranged vertically and horizontally and vertically from the bottom part to the vicinity of the ground line, and at the top part, covering means It is characterized by having been subjected to. The container-like member is constituted by a bottom portion having a large number of holes and a peripheral side plate, and has a tapered shape that decreases toward the bottom portion.
[0004]
Moreover, there exists a rainwater storage apparatus of patent document 2 as an apparatus which stores rainwater. In the technology described in this publication, a synthetic resin filling body having a plurality of support columns is arranged vertically and horizontally and filled in a water tank formed by digging the ground, and a covering means is provided thereon. A rainwater storage device that has been formed and has a groove for discharging solid content on the bottom surface of a water storage tank, and has at least a plurality of water spray holes between columns of a synthetic resin filling body or a plurality of exhaust pipes. It is an object of the present invention to provide an easy-to-maintain rainwater storage device that is provided with a diffuser tube having holes and that can easily remove solid content accumulated in a packing.
[0005]
Furthermore, in this type of storage and infiltration facility, sand and pebbles mixed in with rainwater, etc. enter the facility, and sand etc. are kept constant in order to prevent sand from accumulating and narrowing the storage volume for a long time. The applicant of the present application has applied for a storage and infiltration facility that guides in a direction and deposits collectively at a predetermined position, easily removes the deposit, and restores the content, and a filling member used in the facility. The filling member used in this facility is formed of plastic, for example, and is filled in the storage facility by being stacked vertically and horizontally and vertically, and includes an inclined plate portion that guides rainwater or the like in a predetermined direction.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-26648 (Claims 1-3, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-160606 A (Claims 1, 2 and 2)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the above-mentioned storage and penetration facility of Patent Document 1 has a mud pool in the inflow part in order to prevent sand and sludge from flowing into the storage part together with rainwater. Sand or sludge that has passed through the reservoir is deposited on the bottom of the reservoir. The storage portion is filled with container-like members arranged vertically and horizontally and vertically, and it is difficult to remove accumulated sand and sludge. For this reason, when the internal volume of the storage part decreases gradually, the amount of rainwater stored decreases, and if the internal volume becomes extremely small, there is a possibility that it will not function as a regulating pond. In that case, it takes time and a large maintenance cost to dig up an existing adjustment pond, clean the stuffing member after removing it, and re-install the stuffing member again. In addition, if necessary, a new storage and infiltration facility will be created, which necessitates new land and hinders effective use of the land.
[0008]
In addition, since the rainwater storage device of Patent Document 2 described above is separately provided with a sprinkling pipe and an aeration pipe inside the water storage tank, there is a problem in that the configuration becomes complicated and the manufacture of the device becomes complicated and the cost is increased. is there. And since a sprinkling pipe and a diffuser pipe are located in a water storage tank, there exists a problem that the porosity of a water storage tank falls and the amount of water storage decreases. Further, when the solid content deposited on the filler is removed by the water spray pipe, it is necessary to empty the water storage tank and inject high-pressure water from the water spray pipe.
[0009]
Furthermore, as described above, the storage and infiltration facility according to the application of the applicant of the present application is very innovative because it can easily remove deposits, but it is necessary to determine the guiding direction when stacking filling members and stack them. is there. In other words, if stacking is done in the wrong direction during construction, sand or the like cannot be guided in the specified direction, and the function will be lost because it accumulates in a wide area on the bottom surface. It is necessary to work while confirming the guiding direction of the member. As a result, compared with the conventional construction of filling members having no directionality, there has been a problem that the construction work of stacking and arranging continuously and vertically is complicated and the construction speed is reduced.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to easily perform continuous construction work of filling members capable of guiding sand, pebbles, etc. in a certain direction, An object of the present invention is to provide a filling member capable of speeding up the operation. Moreover, it aims at providing the construction method of the filling member which can perform the construction of the facility which can connect a filling member easily easily and can store and / or infiltrate rainwater etc. in a short time. .
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the filling member according to the present invention is used in a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater and the like, and is continuously and vertically filled in a storage part for storing rainwater and the like. The filling member is provided with guiding means for guiding rainwater or the like flowing into the storage portion in a predetermined direction by gravity, and the guiding means has a mark indicating a direction in which the rainwater or the like is guided. .
[0012]
The filling member of the present invention configured as described above indicates the guiding direction to the guiding means during continuous construction in which the filling members are arranged vertically and horizontally in a space that secures the internal volume of the facility to be stored and / or infiltrated and stacked vertically. Since the mark is attached, the guidance direction can be confirmed while looking at the mark, and it can be easily connected. For this reason, it is possible to prevent a mistake in the direction of guidance and to reliably guide sand or the like in a predetermined direction, to achieve a long life of this type of facility and to improve the efficiency of construction work.
[0013]
As another aspect of the filling member according to the present invention, it is used in a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater and the like, and is continuously and vertically filled in a storage part for storing rainwater and the like, The filling member includes a plurality of connecting portions that are stacked in the vertical direction, and an inclined plate portion that guides rainwater or the like that has flowed into the storage portion in a predetermined guiding direction, and the connecting portion has at least one shape and / or position remaining. This is characterized in that it can be connected up and down only when the guiding directions match. That is, when the directions are different, they cannot be connected.
[0014]
When the filling member of this structure is filled in the storage part of the facility that stores and / or penetrates, if the guiding direction of the first filling member from the bottom surface is set in advance, the second and subsequent filling members are Only by stacking in accordance with the first-stage filling member, the guiding direction becomes a constant direction, and the direction of a large number of filling members can be surely matched with a predetermined direction. For this reason, the service life of the facility can be increased, the efficiency of the continuous work of the filling members can be improved, and the work time can be shortened.
[0015]
Moreover, as a preferable specific aspect of the filling member according to the present invention, the inclined plate portion which is a guiding means has a mark indicating a guiding direction on the upper surface thereof, and is made of a thermoplastic plastic. It is preferable. According to this configuration, when the filling members are arranged in the first stage on the bottom surface of the storage portion, the guiding direction of the inclined plate portion can be easily confirmed and arranged, and the construction work can be shortened. it can.
[0016]
The filling member construction method according to the present invention is used in a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater and the like, and filling in any one of the above-described manner in which the rainwater and the like are continuously and vertically filled in a storage part for storing rainwater and the like. In the construction method of the member, first set the direction to induce rain water etc. on the entire bottom surface of the storage part, and arrange the first stage filling members vertically and horizontally and fill the second and subsequent filling members to the first stage It is characterized in that it is constructed by stacking up and down with the members and the guiding direction aligned.
[0017]
In the construction method of the filling member of the present invention configured as described above, when the first-stage filling member is laid down on the entire bottom surface of the storage part, the guiding direction or the inclination direction of the inclined plate part is set to a predetermined direction. If set, a large number of filling members after the second stage are simply stacked according to the marks of the first stage filling members, so that the construction can be performed easily. In addition, since the first-stage filling member cannot be overlapped if the guiding direction is different, the second-stage and subsequent filling members do not need to confirm the guiding direction, and can be stacked, thereby shortening the working time. .
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a filling member used in a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater and the like according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, the storage facility for storing rainwater and the like will be described first, and then the filling member will be described in detail. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a storage facility for rainwater or the like according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view in which a covering member located at the upper part of the storage portion in FIG. 1 is omitted, and FIG. It is A sectional view.
[0019]
1 to 3, a storage facility such as rainwater temporarily stores rainwater when heavy rain falls, and has an outflow suppression effect that prevents a river flow rate from rapidly increasing. And the stored rain water etc. can also be used as watering for planting, water for car washing, water for emergency use, water for fire prevention, and water storage 10 formed by digging down the ground 1, and inside the storage 10 Are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and include a large number of filling members 30 that are stacked in the vertical direction, and a covering member 40 that is placed on the top of the filling member 30 and covers the upper portion of the storage portion 10.
[0020]
The storage unit 10 forms the excavation unit 2 by digging the ground 1 into a rectangular shape with a depth of about 1 to 10 m, for example, and forming the base unit 3 by laying and squeezing walnut stone or the like on the bottom surface. Yes. The bottom surface of the storage unit 10 is basically a flat surface, and a recessed portion 11 is formed in the central portion of the bottom surface in the long side direction. The recessed portion 11 is formed over the entire width in the short side direction of the bottom surface. A water shielding sheet 12 is laid on the bottom surface of the recessed portion 11 and the entire bottom surface of the storage portion 10. As the water shielding sheet 12, a synthetic rubber, a resin sheet or an asphalt sheet having a thickness of 1.5 mm or more is used. A lattice-shaped frame 14 is fitted into the recessed portion 11 on the bottom surface of the storage unit 10, and the entire bottom surface of the storage unit 10 is substantially flat.
[0021]
In addition, you may make it lay the protection board 13 on the base part 3 formed from a split stone etc., and lay the water-impervious sheet 12 on it. Further, instead of the protective board 13 described above, a foundation sheet (not shown) such as a polyester-based non-woven fabric sheet is laid under the waterproof sheet 12 as necessary, and the waterproof sheet 12 is divided into the base portion 3. You may make it protect from a chestnut stone. Further, a plurality of recessed portions may be formed according to the size of the storage portion, and rainwater may be guided to the plurality of recessed portions by an inclined plate portion described later of the filling member 30.
[0022]
A large number of filling members 30 are horizontally arranged on the bottom surface of the storage portion 10 that is substantially flat as described above, and are stacked one above the other. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the storage unit 10 has a space for arranging 20 filling members 30 side by side, and 18 units excluding two portions corresponding to both ends of the recessed part 11 are provided. It is lined up in a row. In this state, the filling member 30 is directly stacked to form a small pitch, and the filling member 30 is stacked on top of this to form a large pitch with the connecting member 35 interposed therebetween. The filling member 30 fills the reservoir 10. In addition to securing a storage space for rainwater and the like, the upper covering member 40 is supported.
[0023]
Square manholes 15 and 16 communicating with the recessed portion 11 are provided in a space penetrating in the vertical direction through the storage portion 10 from which the two filling members are removed. And the rainwater induced | guided | derived by the inclination board part of the filling member 30 is the structure guided to the recessed part 11 with sand etc., and falls. The square manholes 15 and 16 are used as spaces through which a vacuum pipe and a pipe for injecting cleaning water are passed when removing deposits such as sand accumulated in the concave part 11, An inspection hole is formed in the inner peripheral wall of the manhole so that the rain can be emptied and the internal situation can be checked.
[0024]
Next, the filling member filled in the storage part of the storage facility described above will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 are an upper perspective view and a lower perspective view of the filling member used in the facility of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line BB and a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 4 to 6, the filling member 30 is made of thermoplastic plastic such as polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, waste plastic, or the like, and the vertical load of the covering member 40 covering the upper part of the reservoir 10, And four columnar connecting portions 31 that support a horizontal load caused by water pressure and secure the space of the storage portion 10, and an inclined plate that is fixed to the four connecting portions 31 and is inclined at an angle of about 5 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane. Part 32.
[0025]
The inclined plate portion 32 is formed of a thick plate material having a thickness of about 4 to 5 mm, and constitutes guiding means for guiding the flowing rainwater or the like in a predetermined direction. The inclination direction S of the inclined plate part 32 is a direction in which the tip of the arrow is low, and when the inclination angle is gentle, sand or the like stays without flowing along with rainwater, so an inclination angle of about 5 degrees is preferable. The filling member 30 is composed of, for example, a square inclined plate portion 32 having a side of about 50 cm to 1 m and a connecting portion 31 extending vertically at the four corners of the inclined plate portion, and the connecting portion has a height of about 10 to 15 cm. It is formed of a triangular prism and has a shape that fits in a rectangular parallelepiped having a side of about 50 cm to 1 m and a height of about 10 to 15 cm.
[0026]
Note that the size of the filling member 30 may be about 30 cm on one side or 1 m or more on one side. Moreover, although the inclined plate part 32 of the filling member 30 has shown the example which inclined the flat plate, it may be a curved surface gently dented along the inclination direction instead of a flat plate, or may be gently convexly bulged, and a small step May be a stepped inclined surface with a continuous slope. Furthermore, you may comprise the inclined surface which changes on the way from a steep slope to a gentle slope. In short, any inclined surface may be used as long as the inflowing rainwater flows only in a certain direction due to the action of gravity.
[0027]
The connecting portion 31 is formed of a thick plate material having a thickness of about 4 to 5 mm, and below the large cross-section triangular pipe-shaped upper column portion 31a is a small cross-sectional triangle that fits inside the upper column portion 31a. A pipe-like lower column part 31b is formed. Therefore, the lower column portion 31b of the other filling member 30 is fitted into the upper column portion 31a of the filling member 30 so that the filling members 30 are stacked at a small pitch, that is, the pitch of the connecting portion 31 is continuously provided. can do. Through holes 31c and 31d are formed vertically on the bottom and side surfaces of the triangular pipe-shaped connecting portion 31, rainwater can enter from the lower through holes, and internal air can escape from the side through holes. it can. In addition, although the corner part is notched, the lower pillar part 31b may be continuous. Further, it is preferable that the bottom surface in the connecting portion 31 is inclined in the direction of the through hole on the side surface in order to guide earth and sand to the inclined plate portion 32.
[0028]
A reinforcing portion is formed on the lower surface of the inclined plate portion 32, and the upper surface is a flat and gentle inclined surface. As the reinforcing portion, lattice-like reinforcing ribs 33 are formed so as to be integrally erected vertically and horizontally at a predetermined interval. The reinforcing rib 33 is formed such that the vertical width on the upper side from the central portion in the vertical direction of the inclined plate portion 32 is constant, and the vertical width gradually decreases from the central portion to the lower side. With this configuration, even when a load is applied to the upper surface of the inclined plate portion 32, the deformation of the inclined plate portion 32 is reduced, and it is possible to prevent damage such as cracks from occurring even if the installer is placed on the upper surface. The reinforcing ribs do not have to be in a lattice shape, but a lattice shape is preferable because the strength is higher than that in one direction, and a hexagonal honeycomb lattice shape is more preferable in terms of strength.
[0029]
The inclined plate portion 32 is formed with a lower opening space surrounded by the reinforcing ribs 33, and a through hole 34 communicating with the upper portion of the space is formed. The through-hole 34 is formed in the space of the lower opening close to the reinforcing rib 33 on the upper side of the inclined plate portion 32, and one through-hole is formed in one space. With this configuration, when rainwater gradually accumulates and rises from below in the storage unit 10, air does not remain in the space of the lower opening, but air moves from the through hole 34 to the upper surface side instead. Rain water can enter, rain water can enter all spaces and the filling member can be prevented from lifting due to buoyancy, and the storage unit 10 can be filled with rain water to ensure a predetermined storage amount. It will be a thing.
[0030]
A wedge-shaped mark M is attached to the upper surface of the inclined plate portion 32 of the filling member 30 along the inclination direction of the inclined plate portion, that is, the direction in which rainwater or the like that flows in is guided. This mark M is engraved in a molding die (not shown) when the filling member 30 is injection-molded, and is formed, for example, as an uneven pattern when released after injection molding. The mark M tapers from the upstream portion to the downstream portion of the gradient of the inclined plate portion 32, and the tapered direction is the guiding direction. Note that the mark M is not limited to the one that has been inscribed at the time of molding as described above, and may be a sticker on which a mark is printed after molding.
[0031]
The filling member 30 can connect the filling members 30 with a small pitch by fitting the lower column portion 31b of the other filling member 30 into the upper column portion 31a of the columnar portion 31 as described above. By stacking the connecting members 35 on top of each other, they can be stacked at a large pitch and continuously provided. The connecting member 35 connects the triangular pipe-shaped connecting portions 31, and as shown in FIG. 7, the upper large triangular pipe-shaped connecting portion 36 externally fits the lower column portion 31 b of the filling member 30 and the lower small portion The substantially triangular pipe-shaped connecting portion 37 is configured to be fitted into the upper column portion 31 a of the filling member 30. By adjusting the height of the connecting member 35, the pitch at which the filling members 30 are stacked can be arbitrarily set. Although not shown, two kinds of filling members, that is, a filling member having a large connecting portion and a small filling member may be prepared and stacked at a small pitch or a large pitch. Although the lower connecting portion 37 is partially cut away, it may be continuous.
[0032]
The connecting member 35 includes a horizontal joint 38 on the outer perpendicular surface. One of the vertical surfaces is formed with a protruding projection 38a, and the other vertical surface is formed with a bonding hole 38b into which the bonding projection 38a is fitted. The joint convex portion 38a is composed of a base small-diameter portion having substantially the same diameter as the joint hole and a large-diameter portion whose top end is inclined, and a slit is formed between the small-diameter portion and the large-diameter portion. The large diameter portion can be curved inward to reduce the diameter. With this configuration, the joint convex portion 38a is fitted and held in the joint hole 38b, and the connecting members 35 can be joined in the horizontal direction. The connecting member 35 includes an inclined partition plate for guiding earth and sand to the inclined plate portion 32. A through hole 39 is formed at a lower position of the partition plate, and rainwater can enter and discharge air. ing.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 9A, the connecting member 35 can join the two connecting members 35 by fitting the joint convex portion 38a of the joint portion 38 into the joint hole 38b. it can. The two connecting members joined in this way are used when the filling member 30 is located on the outer peripheral side of the storage unit 10. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8B and 9B, the four connecting members 35 can be joined by fitting the joint convex portions 38a of the joint portion 38 into the joint holes 38b. In this case, it is used when the filling member 30 is located on the center side of the storage unit 10. In addition, what protrudes in the joint convex part 38a which is not used may be cut | disconnected with a blade etc., and may be made flat. Moreover, when joining the filling member 30 which opposes the corner | angular part of the square manholes 15 and 16, although not shown in figure, three connection members are joined and used.
[0034]
In the present embodiment, the four filling members 30 in the vertical line at the left end in FIG. 2 are guided so that the inclined direction S1 for guiding rainwater is directed to the right, that is, toward the concave portion 11 at the center of the reservoir. The four filling members 30 in the vertical row at the right end are also arranged so that the inclination direction S1 is directed to the left and directed toward the concave portion 11 at the center of the storage portion. The four filling members 30 in the second vertical line from the left end are arranged so that the inclination direction S is downward S3, rightward S1, upward S4, upward S3 in order from the top, and the second vertical line from the right end. The four filling members 30 are arranged so that the inclination direction S is downward S3, leftward S1, leftward S1, and upward S3 in order from the top. The center upper filling member 30 is disposed such that the inclination direction S is downward S2 in the figure, and the center lower filling member 30 is disposed leftward S3.
[0035]
The inclination direction is determined as follows. First, the inclination direction S1 of the filling member is directed to the recessed portion 11. Secondly, the filling member located in the upper part of the recessed portion is directed to the outflow side as in the inclined direction S2. Thirdly, in the manhole part which is a communication path, the rainwater escapes in a different direction as in the inclined direction S3 so as not to stop. And it is set as the inclination direction S4 so that the inclination direction of the adjacent filling member may not face 4th. As a result, the manhole portion on the outflow side is configured such that a swirl flow S5 in which a part of rainwater swirls clockwise is generated and gradually falls from the gap of the inclined plate portion. Note that the swirl flow may be counterclockwise from the center to the right by setting the tilt direction S3 to the right and the tilt direction S4 of the right filling member to the upward.
[0036]
For this reason, the rainwater is guided toward the concave portion 11 at the center by the filling member 30 and is also guided by gradually falling toward the concave portion 11. In this guiding direction, the filling members 30 are stacked in seven stages at a small pitch and then stacked in four stages at a large pitch with the connecting member 35 interposed therebetween. In addition, when it piles up with a small pitch, the inclination board part 32 continues with the inclination board part 32 of the induction | guidance | derivation direction of a lower stage side by a slight level | step difference, and can guide rain water continuously.
[0037]
In this way, 18 filling members 30 arranged in a row and stacked in 11 steps have a lower strength corresponding to the lower half of the foundation stacked at a small pitch, and the upper half has a larger pitch. The rate is increasing. Moreover, although it becomes unstable if the filling member 30 is piled up highly, since the upper filling member 30 is joined in the horizontal direction at the joint portion 38 of the connecting member 35, the construction is stable and the construction becomes easy. Furthermore, since the stacked state of the filling member 30 is stable, the upper covering member 40 can be stably supported, and the durability of the facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater and the like can be improved.
[0038]
The filling member 30 is required to have a high porosity per unit volume, to have practically sufficient strength and durability, and to be easy to carry and maintain and easy to maintain. The load resistance is preferably 5 to 20 tons per square meter in the vertical direction, 5 to 16 tons in the horizontal direction, and the porosity is preferably about 90%. Further, as described above, it is preferable to increase the porosity by providing a through hole or a slit in the connecting portion 31 so that rainwater or the like enters inside.
[0039]
After the filling member 30 is vertically stacked and installed in 11 steps, a wall member 20 is installed to cover the side surface of the filling member 30, and a water shielding sheet 21 is arranged in the vertical direction on the outside, and gravel on the outside. A backfill material 22 such as crushed stone or the like is filled between the excavation part 2. The wall material 20 prevents the impermeable sheet 21 located outside this wall from entering the space of the storage unit 10. The water-impervious sheet 21 uses a synthetic rubber or resin-based sheet equivalent to that laid on the bottom surface of the storage unit 10 and is joined to the water-impervious sheet 12 on the bottom surface with a fusion or waterproof adhesive so as not to leak Has been. In order to protect the water shielding sheet 21 from the backfill material 22 such as gravel, a protective plate 23 equivalent to the wall material 20 may be disposed outside the water shielding sheet 21.
[0040]
In the case where the infiltration facility is used instead of the storage facility, for example, a water permeable sheet in which polyester and polypropylene are combined together is laid instead of the water shielding sheets 12 and 21. In the case of an infiltration type facility, rainwater or the like accumulated in the storage part is gradually infiltrated into the ground. Moreover, when giving both the function of storage and permeation | transmission, the bottom face is made into the water-impervious sheet 12, the water-impervious sheet 21 is laid down to the middle of the side surface, and the upper part is covered with the water-permeable sheet from the middle of the side surface. In the case of this storage and penetration type facility, rainwater and the like are gradually infiltrated into the ground from the upper half of the water-permeable sheet, and the lower half is stored and used.
[0041]
The reservoir 10 is connected to a water conduit 25 from a side groove or the like that collects rainwater or the like that has fallen in the vicinity. In the middle of the water conduit 25, a mud reservoir 26 is installed, in which sand and mud in rainwater are precipitated, and the supernatant water is introduced into the reservoir 10 by the water conduit 25. A plurality of water conduits 25 extend from the mud reservoir 26 and pass through the wall material 20 and the water shielding sheet 21 of the storage unit 10 and are inserted at equal intervals. In addition, you may comprise the some water conduit 25 so that rain water may be flowed into the back of the storage part 10 by changing the length. Thereby, rainwater etc. can be uniformly introduced along the long side direction of the storage part 10.
[0042]
An overflow pipe 27 protrudes from the upper part of the storage part 10, and an orifice pipe 28 protrudes from the lower part of the storage part 10. The overflow pipe 27 is discharged from the upper part when the storage part 10 is almost full. The orifice pipe 28 gradually drains the rainwater stored in the storage unit 10, and the amount of the outflow can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the orifice. When rainwater collected in the storage unit 10 is used, the rainwater in the storage unit 10 can be pumped up and used as water for planting or as water for car washing.
[0043]
A covering member 40 covers the upper opening of the reservoir 10. The covering member 40 includes a covering board 41 placed on top of a large number of filling members 30, a water shielding sheet 42 laid thereon, and a backfill layer 43 backfilled thereon. Although not shown, it is preferable that the covering board 41 has a recess into which the upper connecting portion of the filling member 30 is fitted, so that the covering board 41 can be stably placed on the filling member. The communication port 17 is fixed at a position corresponding to the square manholes 15 and 16 of the covering board 41. The water shielding sheet 42 is joined to the communication port 17, and the water shielding sheet 42 and the side water shielding sheet 21 are overlapped and joined at the side surface. As a result, the recessed portion 11 opens to the ground through the rectangular manholes 15 and 16 and the communication port 17, and a hose such as cleaning water or vacuum is inserted from the communication port 17 to reach the recessed portion 11 to the tip of the hose. Can be made. The communication port 17 is normally closed by a lid (not shown). A protective board 44 or a protective sheet may be laid on the water shielding sheet 42.
[0044]
In this way, the storage unit 10 can store rainwater and the like by the water-impervious sheet 12 on the bottom surface and the water-impervious sheet 21 on the side surface, and the water-impervious sheets 12 and 21 and the water-impervious sheet 40 on the upper surface. The seat 42 forms an internal space. Then, the backfill layer 43 of the covering member 40 is backfilled in the same plane as the ground 1. In addition, the water-impervious sheet 42 at the upper part of the storage unit 10 is formed of a water-permeable sheet, and rainwater that has fallen on the upper part of the storage unit 10 is stored directly in the storage unit 10 through the backfill layer 43, the water-permeable sheet, and the covering board 41. It may be. Further, the covering member is not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be a configuration in which a concrete plate or the like is simply arranged above the filling member.
[0045]
A continuous construction operation in which the filling members 30 are arranged in the horizontal direction and stacked in the vertical direction in the storage part of the facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater and the like of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below. The excavation part 2 is formed by digging down the ground 1, and the base part 3 is formed on the bottom surface of the excavation part 2. The concave portion 11 is formed in the center of the long side direction of the base portion 3 over the entire width in the short side direction.
[0046]
After the water shielding sheet 12 is laid on the bottom surface of the storage unit 10 and the frame 14 is fitted, the first stage of the filling member 30 is arranged on the bottom surface of the storage unit 10. In the first-stage continuous installation work, the filling members 30 are laid in the direction shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, for example, the four filling members on the left end side are arranged so that the mark M faces the center of the storage portion 10, that is, according to the inclination direction S <b> 1, and the four filling members on the right end side have the mark M facing the center. That is, it arrange | positions according to inclination direction S1. Similarly, the first-stage continuous installation work is performed in accordance with the inclination directions S1 to S4 so that the filling member 30 faces the lowermost stage (first stage) of the storage unit 10 and the inclined plate part 32 faces the predetermined direction. 18 are arranged on the entire surface. It is preferable that the person in charge of the construction confirms the guiding direction after the completion of the first stage filling member.
[0047]
After the first-stage filling member is laid on the entire bottom surface of the storage unit 10, the second-stage filling member 30 is stacked thereon. The second-stage filling member 30 is directly connected to the upper column part 31a of the connection part 31 of the first-stage filling member 30 by internally fitting the lower column part 31b of the second-stage filling member 30 with a small pitch. Stacked. The second-stage filling member 30 can be stacked so that the inclined plate portion 32 faces the predetermined direction in accordance with the mark M of the first-stage filling member 30 already laid on the entire bottom surface. Is easy and finishes in a short time without mistakes. Alternatively, a base board having a large number of through-holes may be laid at the bottom and the filling member 30 may be stacked thereon.
[0048]
In the filling member 30, the connecting portions 31 protrude from the four corners of the square inclined plate portion 32, and the inclined plate portion 32 is formed with reinforcing ribs 33 on the lower surface side and is flat on the upper surface side. It can be mounted easily and construction is easy because there are no unnecessary protrusions. Further, since the inclined plate portion 32 is reinforced, it can be prevented from being deformed with little deformation and work efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, since the mark M is engraved on the upper surface in a concavo-convex state, it is possible to prevent the mark M from slipping on the inclined plate portion when it is placed. In this way, the filling members 30 are stacked in the reservoir 10 at a small pitch in this embodiment, that is, the filling members 30 are directly stacked in seven stages.
[0049]
Thereafter, the filling member 30 is stacked on the connecting portion 31 of the filling member 30 with the connecting member 35 interposed therebetween. That is, the lower connecting portions 37 of the four connecting members 35 are fitted into the upper column portions 31 a of the four connecting portions 31 of the one filling member 30, and the filling member 30 is inserted into the connecting portion 36 above the connecting member 35. The lower column part 31b is fitted inside. When the connecting part 31 is located at the corner of the storage part 10, one connecting member 35 is pushed over the upper part of the connecting part 31 and pushed. Moreover, when the two connection parts 31 and 31 are located in a line with the outer periphery of the storage part 10, as shown to Fig.8 (a), the two connection members 35 are joined by the junction part 38, and the two connection parts 31 are connected. , 31 and push over.
[0050]
Furthermore, although the four connecting portions 31 are in contact with each other in the intermediate portion of the storage portion 10, in this case, as shown in FIG. Put on the two connecting parts 31. The filling member 30 in contact with the square manholes 15 and 16 is joined by connecting the three connecting members 35 and placing them on the three connecting portions 31. As a result, since the two to four connecting members 35 are connected in the horizontal direction by fitting the joint protrusions 38a into the joint holes 38b, the upper portions of the filling members 30 stacked in seven stages are shaken and become unstable. Can be prevented.
[0051]
In this way, the seventh-stage filling member 30 and the eighth-stage filling member 30 are connected by the connecting member 35, and the connecting members 35 are related to each other in the horizontal direction by the joint portion 38, so that they can be arranged neatly. The vertical strength of 30 can be improved. Stacking across the eighth-stage connecting member 35 can also be performed while observing the mark M on the seventh-stage filling member 30, so that the connecting work can be done easily and in a short time, and the connecting in different directions is possible. Can be prevented.
[0052]
Similarly, the stacking operation of the filling member 30 is completed by stacking three stages with the connecting member 35 sandwiched from the ninth stage to the eleventh stage. When the filling member 30 is stacked and the surface on which the installer is placed becomes higher from the bottom surface, the filling member 30 is shaken and difficult to perform. However, since the upper filling member 30 is connected in the horizontal direction by the connecting member 35, the filling member 30 is horizontal. The swaying of the direction can be prevented, and the construction worker can work stably, so that the work efficiency is improved and the construction becomes easy. The filling member 30 is stacked at a lower pitch at a lower pitch to improve the strength, and the upper portion is stacked at a higher pitch to improve the porosity.
[0053]
It rains around this storage facility, rainwater is collected by a gutter etc. and flows into the mud reservoir 26, where the mud is settled and the supernatant water is introduced into the storage unit 10 from the water conduit 25. When rainwater is introduced into the reservoir 10, rainwater, sand, small gravel and the like are guided toward the center by the inclined plate portion 32 by the large pitch filling member 30, and the sand dropped from the upper filling member 30. Is guided to the center by the lower filling member 30, and rainwater including sand and the like is guided in the direction of the recessed portion 11 and falls. And solid content, such as sand, settles in the hollow 11. Therefore, sand and sludge do not accumulate over the entire bottom surface of the storage unit 10, and sand and sludge concentrate and accumulate in the recessed portion 11 induced by the inclined plate portion 32. In addition, when rainwater flows in, sand or the like is automatically guided in a predetermined direction and self-cleaned, so that an operation such as washing for removing the solid content from the filling member is not required.
[0054]
When the rainwater gradually rises and reaches the reinforcing ribs 33 of the filling member 30, the air in the space of the lower opening surrounded by the reinforcing ribs 33 is pushed by the rainwater surface and the air escapes from the through holes 34, and the rainwater enters the space. Will be charged. Then, rainwater enters and fills the next space surrounded by the reinforcing ribs 33, and the rainwater can be gradually filled into the space that opens downward in this manner. It can be stored efficiently and the porosity can be increased.
[0055]
The amount of sand and sludge contained in the rainwater is small, but when the storage facility is used for a long period of time, the amount of sand will gradually accumulate and increase. In addition, when the rain is heavy, the amount of sand and the like flowing through the mud pool 26 increases. Deposits such as sand deposited in the recess 11 in this way can be visually determined from the communication port 17 that opens to the ground, and when the amount reaches a certain level, for example, a vacuum pipe is formed from the communication port 17. Is inserted into the square manholes 15 and 16, and sediments such as sand are sucked out and removed. Moreover, deposits can be efficiently removed by jetting high-pressure washing water from one square manhole 15 and sucking it out from the other square manhole 16. For this reason, it can prevent that sand etc. accumulate in the storage part 10, an internal volume reduces, and the storage amount of rainwater decreases.
[0056]
When the amount of rainfall is large and a large amount of rainwater or the like flows from the conduit 25 and the reservoir 10 becomes full, the rainwater flows out of the overflow pipe 27 at the top of the reservoir and is drained to a sewer pipe (not shown). When the stored water stored in the storage unit 10 is used for watering or the like, rainwater in the storage unit can be pumped up and used. Further, a water intake basin may be provided in the middle of the orifice pipe 28, and the stored water may be taken from the water intake.
[0057]
Another embodiment of the filling member of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the filling member according to the present invention. This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the shape of the mark indicating the guiding direction is different. Other substantially equivalent configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0058]
In the filling member 30A shown in FIG. 10a, an arrow-shaped mark M1 indicating the downstream side is attached to the upper surface of the inclined plate portion where rainwater or the like is induced by gravity. Also, in the filling member 30B shown in FIG. 10b, a circular mark M2 indicating the downstream side is attached to the upper surface of the inclined plate portion where rainwater or the like is guided by gravity. When stacking the filling members 30A and 30B with the marks M1 and M2 in the vertical direction, it is possible to check the direction of the already-filled filling members and easily stack them on the top, so that the construction work can be simplified. , Can speed up the construction. The shape of the mark is not limited to that described above, and any shape can be used as long as it can clearly indicate the guiding direction of the inclined plate portion.
[0059]
Also in this embodiment, when the filling member 30 is continuously provided in the storage unit 10, the marks M1 and M2 indicating the direction in which rainwater and the like flow are attached at easy-to-see positions on the upper surface. Confirmation is easy and the wrong direction is prevented, so that solids such as sand can be reliably guided to the specified depressions, extending the life of the facility, facilitating continuous installation work and speeding up. Can be planned.
[0060]
Still another embodiment of the filling member of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the filling member according to the present invention. In addition, this embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the shape of at least one connecting portion and / or so that it cannot be stacked when the directions of guiding rainwater etc. of the filling members stacked vertically are different from each other. The position is different from the remaining connecting portions. That is, they can be overlapped and connected only when the guiding directions of the upper and lower filling members coincide. Other substantially equivalent configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0061]
In the filling member 30C shown in FIG. 11a, the size of the triangular prism-shaped connecting portions formed at the four corner portions is different by one. That is, with respect to the three triangular prism-shaped connecting portions 31, another triangular prism-shaped connecting portion 31A has a different shape and a large outer shape. For this reason, if the direction in which rain water or the like of the filling member to be stacked is different from the direction in which the lower filling member already stacked is different, the four connecting portions cannot be fitted together, and the direction of guidance Stacking in different states is reliably prevented.
[0062]
Further, the filling member 30D shown in FIG. 11b includes three connecting portions 31 and one connecting portion 31B having a different shape, and the connecting portion 31B is formed in a quadrangular prism shape. The filling member 30E shown in FIG. 11c includes three connecting portions 31 and one connecting portion 31C having a different shape, and the connecting portion 31C is in a state in which the triangular prism-shaped connecting portion is offset inward and the position is changed. Is formed.
[0063]
Since these two filling members 30D and 30E cannot be connected continuously if the guiding direction does not match the guiding direction of the already stacked filling members in the lower stage when stacked in the vertical direction, it is possible to make a mistake in the direction when connecting them. Can be prevented. As a result, the guiding direction of a large number of filling members becomes a set direction, and sand can be guided in a desired direction, so that the life of the facility can be extended and the construction time can be shortened. Speed up is possible.
[0064]
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. Design changes can be made. For example, as an example of the connecting portion of the filling member, a triangular prism-shaped connecting portion has been described, but it is needless to say that other shapes such as a quadrangular prism shape or a cylindrical shape may be used.
[0065]
In addition, a mark such as “Up” or “UP” is attached above the inclined plate portion, and a mark such as “Down” or “DOWN” is attached below the inclined plate portion to indicate the direction in which rainwater is guided. May be. Furthermore, even if only the above mark is attached to one place of the inclined plate portion, for example, the “up” mark, the continuous work can be easily performed, and the construction can be performed in a short time. Although an example in which at least one shape and / or position of the connecting portion of the filling member is different is shown as a configuration that can be connected up and down only when the guiding directions match, two different configurations may be used.
[0066]
【The invention's effect】
As can be understood from the above description, the filling member of the present invention can be easily confirmed because the guiding direction in which rainwater flows can be easily confirmed during the continuous construction work in which the filling members are arranged in the horizontal direction and stacked in the vertical direction. Can be done. In addition, since it is possible to prevent continuous connection in a state where the guiding directions are different, sand or the like can be reliably guided in a predetermined direction and accumulated in a predetermined location, and the life of the facility can be extended.
[0067]
Further, according to the filling member construction method of the present invention, first, the direction of guiding to the entire bottom surface of the first step is determined and the filling member is laid, and the second and subsequent filling members are aligned with the first step filling member. If the guiding direction is different from that of the first stage filling member, the connecting portions cannot be stacked in the vertical direction, so that many filling members can be reliably and easily stacked in a predetermined direction. The construction work can be completed in a short time and the speed can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater or the like in which a filling member according to the present invention is used.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state where an upper covering member of FIG. 1 is omitted.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
4 is a top perspective view of a filling member used in the facility of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view below a filling member used in the facility of FIG.
6A is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG.
7 shows a connecting member used in the facility of FIG. 1, (a) is an upper perspective view, and (b) is a lower perspective view. FIG.
8A is a perspective view of a state where two connecting members of FIG. 7 are assembled, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view of a state where four connecting members are assembled.
9A is a plan view of a state where two connecting members of FIG. 7 are assembled, and FIG. 9B is a plan view of a state where four connecting members are assembled.
10A and 10B are perspective views of other embodiments of the filling member, respectively.
11A to 11C are perspective views of still another embodiment of the filling member, respectively.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ground, 2 ... Excavation part, 3 ... Base part, 10 ... Storage part, 11 ... Concave part, 12, 21 ... Water shielding sheet, 14 ... Frame, 15, 16 ... Square manhole (communication path), 17 ... Communication port, 20 ... Wall material, 30, 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E ... Filling member, 31, 31A, 31B, 31C ... Connection part, 32 ... Inclined plate part (guidance means), 33 ... Reinforcement rib ( Reinforcement part), 34 ... through hole, 35 ... connecting member, 38 ... joining part, 38a ... joining convex part, 38b ... joining hole, 40 ... covering member, 41 ... covering board, 42 ... water shielding sheet, 43 ... backfill Layer, S, S1 to S4 ... Inclination direction (guidance direction) S5 ... Swirl, M, M1, M2 ... mark

Claims

A filling member that is used in a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater, etc., and is continuously and vertically filled in a storage section for storing rainwater and the like,
The filling member includes guidance means for guiding rainwater or the like flowing into the storage portion in a predetermined direction by gravity, and the guidance means has a mark indicating a direction in which the rainwater or the like is guided. Element.

A filling member that is used in a facility for storing and / or infiltrating rainwater, etc., and is continuously and vertically filled in a storage section for storing rainwater and the like,
The filling member includes a plurality of connecting portions that are stacked in the vertical direction, and an inclined plate portion that guides rainwater or the like that has flowed into the storage portion in a predetermined guiding direction, and the connecting portion has at least one shape and / or position. Is different from the remaining connecting portions, and can be connected up and down only when the guiding directions coincide with each other.

The filling member according to claim 2, wherein the inclined plate portion has a mark indicating a direction to be guided to an upper surface thereof.

The filling member according to claim 1, wherein the filling member is made of a thermoplastic plastic.

A filling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filling member is continuously and vertically filled in a storage part for storing rainwater and the like,
Set the direction for guiding rainwater etc. on the entire bottom surface of the reservoir, and lay the first stage filling members vertically and horizontally, and the second and subsequent stage filling members are guided in the direction of guidance with the first stage filling member. A method for constructing a filling member, wherein the construction is performed by aligning and stacking up and down.