JP3936981B2

JP3936981B2 - Support structure of floor board in wooden building

Info

Publication number: JP3936981B2
Application number: JP14709997A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 隆介寺上
Original assignee: 滝川木材株式会社; 株式会社渥美製材所; 生熊猛; 隆介寺上
Priority date: 1997-05-20
Filing date: 1997-05-20
Publication date: 2007-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2017-05-20
Also published as: JPH10317562A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、木造建築において、２階の床板を支持するのに好適な床梁構造に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、２階の床は、図８で示すように、柱Ｐによって支持された胴差や根太などの太い横架材Ｌの間に床ばりＢを支持し、その上に構造用面板からなる床下地材Ｃを取り付けた上、さらにその上面に床仕上材（図示してない）を貼着して仕上げてある。そこでは、床下地材Ｃは横架材Ｌに対して釘打ちすることによって位置決めされると同時に固定されている。
他方、二階建ての木造建築では、二階の床は建築のなるべ早い過程で組み付けることが、屋根の工事を行ったり、上棟の儀式を行う上で好ましい。特に、棟上げ作業では、躯体骨組の組み立てと屋根を載せる作業とを一日で済ませる作業慣行のため、棟上げの当日に二階床の複雑な床工事を行うことは難しかった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来のように、床下地材Ｃを横架材Ｌの上に釘打ちして位置決めする構造では、床下地材Ｃを横架材Ｌに固定する作業を終えるのに多くの工数を要し、短時間で作業をなし遂げるのが困難であった。また、床下地材Ｃを横架材Ｌの上に載せておくだけでは、床下地材Ｃが不安定で、その上に乗ることは危険であった。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記した課題は、複数の柱の間を横架材によって連結し、四角形の平面を有する床材支持枠を形成すると共に、前記床材支持枠の上面に略四角形の切欠きを設け、通し柱に連結される横架材の交点の側面に構造用パネルの隅角部を受ける補助受けを設け、該補助受けの上面及び前記切欠きの中に前記構造用パネルの全周を嵌め込んで周縁部を支持し、前記床材支持枠の上面と前記構造用パネルの上面が略同一の高さとなっていることによって解決される。
また、構造用パネルの周縁部には、通し柱に対応する隅角部に切欠きが形成してある。
さらに、前記柱のうち、継ぎ柱には構造用パネルの隅角部に対応する隅角に凹部が形成してある。
【０００５】
【作用】
床板をなす構造用パネルは床材支持枠に設けた切欠きに嵌合されゝば、切欠きによって下面を支持され、かつ、側方に対して位置決めされる。
構造用パネルの隅角を切欠くことにより、通し柱との干渉がなくなり、残りの周縁部が切欠きによって支持される。
継ぎ柱に凹部を設けることにより、構造用パネルの隅角部と継ぎ柱との干渉がなくなり、構造用パネルは残りの周縁部が切欠きによって支持される。
【０００６】
【実施例】
以下、本願発明の実施例を説明する。図１中、１０は本願の発明を利用した木造建築であり、木造建築１０は基礎１１の上に土台１２を置き、その上に継ぎ柱１３、あるいは通し柱１４などの柱が設けられ、それら柱１３、１４に胴差１６、軒桁１７など、いわゆる横架材をなす部材が支持されている。１９は土台１２によって支持された一階の床、２０は胴差１６によって支持された二階の床をそれぞれ示している。１５は前記横架材の間に形成される外壁であり、図２で示すように、外壁１５をなす外壁仕上げ材１５ａと、内面材１５ｂとの間に断熱材１５ｃが取り付けてある。
【０００７】
図２において、二階の床２０には前記胴差１６、および胴差１６に支持された二階根太２１や二階梁２２によって、平面形状が四角形をなす複数の床材支持枠１８が形成される。２３は二階の床面を形成する構造用パネルであり、前記床材支持枠１８の上に支持される。ところが、このように、構造用パネル２３の周辺を床材支持枠１８の上に載せて支持しようとすると、床材支持枠１８の隅角部に継ぎ柱１３、または通し柱１４が設けられている場合、そのまゝでは前記構造用パネルの４隅がこれと干渉する。
【０００８】
この実施例では構造用パネル２３の隅角部を切除し、あるいは柱の側面を切除して回避している。具体的には、継ぎ柱１３の部分においては柱側を切除し、通し柱１４の部分においては構造用パネル２３側を切除して回避している。また、構造用パネル２３と、これを支持する床材支持枠１８との間に凹凸を回避するため、床材支持枠１８の上面内側にはその縁に沿って所定の深さを持つ四角形の切欠き２５を形成し、構造用パネル２３を切欠き２５の中に収めることによって床上を平坦にしてある。
【０００９】
まず、切欠き２５は垂直面（鉛直方向の面）２５ａと水平面２５ｂとによって構成され、前記垂直面２５ａによって形成される内矩は、前記構造用パネル２３の外形よりやゝ大きく作られる。あるいは、構造用パネル２３の大きさが前記床材支持枠１８よりやゝ小さく加工される。また、切欠き２５は前記構造用パネル２３の厚さと略等しい深さに切削してある。そこで、構造用パネル２３を前記切欠き２５に嵌め込むことが可能となる他、嵌め込まれた構造用パネル２３は、切欠き２５の水平面２５ｂで支持され、周辺部に釘２４（図３）を打ち付けて床材支持枠１８に固定される。切欠き２５に嵌め込まれた構造用パネル２３は前記床材支持枠１８の上面と同じ高さとなる。また、構造用パネル２３は切欠き２５の垂直面２５ａによって位置決めされ、水平方向への移動が阻止される。
【００１０】
次に、構造用パネル２３と継ぎ柱１３との関係を説明する。構造用パネル２３の隅角部は加工せず四角形の隅角を残す一方、継ぎ柱１３の側に構造用パネル２３の４隅に相当する部分が切除される。これには前記切欠き２５の一部が充当されている。すなわち、継ぎ柱の一階部分１３ａは上側の端面に構造用パネル２３の隅角部を支持するための逃げ１３ｂが４隅に設けてあり、前述した切欠き２５の一部をなしている。なお、継ぎ柱１３と二階梁２２（あるいは二階根太２１）との結合は継ぎ柱１３の側面に設けたほぞ孔１３ｄと二階梁２２の端面に設けたほぞ２２ａとを嵌合させて、いわゆる、腰掛継ぎ方式で結合してある。よって、建築物の組み立てに際しては、継ぎ柱の一階部分１３ａが立てられ前記切欠き２５が出来た時点で、構造用パネル２３が嵌め込まれると、その端部は逃げ１３ｂの上で支持される。また、この部分は継ぎ柱の二階部分１３ｃが組み立てられた後には釘打ちすることができないので、こゝだけは構造用パネル２３が嵌め込まれると同時に釘２４により釘打ちしておく。
【００１１】
前記した構造用パネル２３と通し柱１４との関係を説明する。この場合は構造用パネル２３の隅角部には図４、図６（ｂ）で示すように、通し柱１４よりやゝ大きい四角形の隅角部切欠き２３ａが形成されて通し柱１４との干渉を避けている。その結果、構造用パネル２３の隅角部には支えが無くなるので、隅角部切欠き２３ａの下面には前記二階梁２２の側面に釘打ちして係止した補助受け２９が設けてある。なお、通し柱１４と胴差１６あるいは二階根太２１、あるいは二階梁２２との間は、端面に形成したほぞ２１ａを通し柱１４に設けたほぞ孔１４ａに嵌合させて結合してある。
【００１２】
以上のように、この実施例によれば、構造用パネル２３は棟上げの際、床材支持枠１８が形成された後、切欠き２５に構造用パネル２３を嵌め込めば構造用パネル２３を本格的に釘打ちして固定せずとも（継ぎ柱１３の部分を除き）、水平面２５ｂに支えられるので、上からの荷重に耐え、かつ、垂直面２５ａに支えられて水平方向の移動がないから、引き続き二階の柱工事が可能となる。さらに、二階の床を設けることによって二階の屋根工事の効率を著しく高めることができる。構造用パネル２３には棟上げの終了後、後日に全面的に釘打ちして固定を確実にし、かつ、構造用パネル２３の上面に床仕上げ材２６を貼着して仕上げを行う。
【００１３】
【発明の効果】
請求項１の発明によれば、上棟に向けて建築物の骨格を組み立てるに際し、二階の横架材によって床材支持枠が形成されゝば、直ちに構造用パネルを嵌め込むことができるから、大きな工数を要することなく比較的強度の高い床を張ることができる。また、構造用パネルは棟上げの際、床材支持枠が形成された後、切欠きに構造用パネルを嵌め込めば構造用パネルを本格的に釘打ちして固定せずとも、水平面に支えられるので、上からの荷重に耐え、かつ、垂直面に支えられて水平方向の移動がないから、引き続き二階の柱工事が可能となる。さらに、二階の床を設けることによって二階の屋根工事の効率を著しく高めることができる。
請求項２、および請求項３の発明によれば、構造用パネルを床材支持枠に支持する際に生じる、柱と構造用パネルの隅角部との干渉が回避でき、構造用パネルの周縁部を下面から床材支持枠によって支持できる。
などの効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図面は本願発明の実施例である木造建築の骨格を示す妻側から見た断面図である。
【図２】その要部の拡大断面図である。
【図３】図１中の矢視ＩＩＩ図である。
【図４】通し柱の部分を取り出して示す外観図である。
【図５】継ぎ柱の部分を取り出して示す図４相当の外観図である。
【図６】（ａ）は図２中のＶ−Ｖ断面図、（ｂ）はＶＩ−ＶＩ断面図である。
【図７】（ａ）は図６中のＡ−Ａ断面図、（ｂ）はＢ−Ｂ断面図である。
【図８】従来の二階床を取り出して示す外観図である。
【符号の説明】
１０・・・・木造建築
１１・・・・基礎
１２・・・・横架材（土台）
１３・・・・柱（継ぎ柱）
１３ａ・・・継ぎ柱の一階部分
１３ｂ・・・逃げ
１３ｃ・・・継ぎ柱の二階部分
１３ｄ・・・ほぞ孔
１４・・・・柱（通し柱）
１４ａ・・・ほぞ孔
１５・・・・外壁
１５ａ・・・外壁仕上げ材
１５ｂ・・・内面材
１５ｃ・・・断熱材
１６・・・・横架材（胴差）
１７・・・・横架材（軒桁）
１８・・・・床材支持枠
１９・・・・一階の床
２０・・・・二階の床
２１・・・・二階根太
２１ａ・・・ほぞ
２２・・・・二階梁
２２ａ・・・ほぞ
２３・・・・構造用パネル
２３ａ・・・４隅の切欠き
２４・・・・釘
２５・・・・上面の切欠き
２５ａ・・・垂直面
２５ｂ・・・水平面
２６・・・・床仕上げ材
２９・・・・補助受け[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a floor beam structure suitable for supporting a floor board on the second floor in a wooden building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 8, the floor on the second floor is configured by supporting a floor beam B between a thick horizontal member L such as a trunk difference or joist supported by a pillar P, and a structural face plate thereon. After the floor base material C is attached, a floor finishing material (not shown) is attached to the upper surface of the floor base material C and finished. Here, the floor base material C is positioned and fixed by nailing with respect to the horizontal member L.
On the other hand, in a two-story wooden building, it is preferable to assemble the second-floor floor as early as possible in order to construct a roof or perform a ritual of the upper building. In particular, in the building up work, it was difficult to carry out complicated floor construction on the second floor on the day of building up because of the work practice of completing the assembly of the frame and mounting the roof in one day.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional structure in which the floor base material C is nailed and positioned on the horizontal member L, a lot of man-hours are required to finish the work of fixing the floor base material C to the horizontal member L. However, it was difficult to complete the work in a short time. Further, simply placing the floor base material C on the horizontal member L makes the floor base material C unstable and it is dangerous to get on it.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above-described problem is that a plurality of pillars are connected by a horizontal member to form a flooring support frame having a rectangular plane, and a substantially square notch is provided on the upper surface of the flooring support frame , the supplementary support for receiving the corners of the structural panel to the side of the intersection of the horizontal member coupled provided, the peripheral portion is fitted the entire circumference of the structural panel to the top and in said notch receiving the auxiliary The upper surface of the floor support frame and the upper surface of the structural panel are substantially the same height.
Moreover, the notch is formed in the corner | angular part corresponding to a through pillar in the peripheral part of the structural panel.
Further, of the columns, the joint column has a recess formed at a corner corresponding to the corner of the structural panel.
[0005]
[Action]
When the structural panel forming the floor plate is fitted into a notch provided in the floor material support frame, the lower surface is supported by the notch and positioned with respect to the side.
By notching the corners of the structural panel, there is no interference with the through pillars, and the remaining peripheral edge is supported by the notches.
By providing the concave portion in the joint column, there is no interference between the corner portion of the structural panel and the joint column, and the remaining peripheral portion of the structural panel is supported by the notch.
[0006]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a wooden building using the invention of the present application. The wooden building 10 has a base 12 placed on a foundation 11, and a pillar such as a joint pillar 13 or a through pillar 14 is provided thereon. Members forming a so-called horizontal member such as a trunk difference 16 and an eaves girder 17 are supported on 13 and 14. Reference numeral 19 denotes a first-floor floor supported by the base 12, and 20 denotes a second-floor floor supported by the trunk difference 16. Reference numeral 15 denotes an outer wall formed between the horizontal members. As shown in FIG. 2, a heat insulating material 15c is attached between an outer wall finishing material 15a forming the outer wall 15 and an inner surface material 15b.
[0007]
In FIG. 2, a plurality of floor material support frames 18 having a quadrangular planar shape are formed on the second floor 20 by the trunk difference 16 and the second floor joists 21 and second floor beams 22 supported by the trunk difference 16. Reference numeral 23 denotes a structural panel that forms the floor surface of the second floor, and is supported on the floor material support frame 18. However, in this way, when the periphery of the structural panel 23 is placed on the floor material support frame 18 to be supported, the joint column 13 or the through column 14 is provided at the corner of the floor material support frame 18. In that case, the four corners of the structural panel interfere with it.
[0008]
In this embodiment, the corners of the structural panel 23 are cut off or the side surfaces of the pillars are cut off to avoid this. Specifically, the column side is cut off at the joint column 13 portion, and the structural panel 23 side is cut off at the through column 14 portion to avoid it. Further, in order to avoid unevenness between the structural panel 23 and the floor material support frame 18 that supports the structural panel 23, a rectangular shape having a predetermined depth along the edge is formed on the inner surface of the floor material support frame 18. A notch 25 is formed, and the structural panel 23 is accommodated in the notch 25 to make the floor flat.
[0009]
First, the notch 25 is constituted by a vertical surface (vertical surface) 25 a and a horizontal surface 25 b, and the inner rectangle formed by the vertical surface 25 a is made slightly larger than the outer shape of the structural panel 23. Alternatively, the size of the structural panel 23 is processed slightly smaller than the floor material support frame 18. The notch 25 is cut to a depth substantially equal to the thickness of the structural panel 23. Therefore, the structural panel 23 can be fitted into the notch 25, and the fitted structural panel 23 is supported by a horizontal surface 25b of the notch 25, and a nail 24 (FIG. 3) is provided around the periphery. It is fixed to the floor material support frame 18 by driving. The structural panel 23 fitted in the notch 25 has the same height as the upper surface of the floor material support frame 18. The structural panel 23 is positioned by the vertical surface 25a of the notch 25 and is prevented from moving in the horizontal direction.
[0010]
Next, the relationship between the structural panel 23 and the joint pillar 13 will be described. The corners of the structural panel 23 are not processed, leaving a square corner, while the portions corresponding to the four corners of the structural panel 23 are cut off on the joint pillar 13 side. This is partly filled with the notch 25. That is, the first floor portion 13a of the joint column has reliefs 13b for supporting the corners of the structural panel 23 on the upper end surface at the four corners, and forms part of the notch 25 described above. The joint between the joint pillar 13 and the second floor beam 22 (or the second floor joist 21) is made by fitting a mortise 13d provided on the side surface of the joint pillar 13 and a tenon 22a provided on the end face of the second floor beam 22, so-called It is connected by the seat-joint method. Therefore, when the building is assembled, when the first floor portion 13a of the connecting pillar is raised and the notch 25 is formed, when the structural panel 23 is fitted, the end thereof is supported on the relief 13b. . Further, since this portion cannot be nailed after the second-floor portion 13c of the joint pillar is assembled, only the nail 24 is nailed with the nail 24 at the same time that the structural panel 23 is fitted.
[0011]
The relationship between the structural panel 23 and the through pillar 14 will be described. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6B, a rectangular corner notch 23 a that is slightly larger than the through pillar 14 is formed at the corner of the structural panel 23 to interfere with the through pillar 14. Avoid. As a result, there is no support at the corners of the structural panel 23, so an auxiliary receiver 29 is provided on the lower surface of the corner notch 23a. In addition, between the through pillar 14 and the trunk difference 16 or the second floor joist 21 or the second floor beam 22, a tenon 21a formed on the end face is fitted into a tenon hole 14a provided in the through pillar 14 and coupled.
[0012]
As described above, according to this embodiment, when the structural panel 23 is built up, after the floor material support frame 18 is formed, if the structural panel 23 is fitted into the notch 25, the structural panel 23 can be used in earnest. Even if it is not fixed by nailing (except for the connecting column 13), it is supported by the horizontal surface 25b, so that it can withstand the load from above and is supported by the vertical surface 25a so that there is no horizontal movement. The second floor pillar construction will continue to be possible. Furthermore, by providing a second floor, the efficiency of the second floor roof construction can be significantly increased. After the completion of the building up, the structural panel 23 is fully nailed at a later date to secure the fixing, and a floor finish 26 is attached to the upper surface of the structural panel 23 for finishing .
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention of claim 1, when the frame of the building is assembled toward the upper wing, if the floor material support frame is formed by the horizontal member on the second floor, the structural panel can be immediately fitted. A relatively strong floor can be stretched without man-hours. In addition, when the structural panel is built up, after the floor support frame is formed, if the structural panel is inserted into the notch, the structural panel can be supported on the horizontal plane without being nailing and fixing in earnest. Therefore, it can withstand the load from above and is supported by the vertical surface and does not move in the horizontal direction, so it is possible to continue the second floor pillar construction. Furthermore, by providing a second floor, the efficiency of the second floor roof construction can be significantly increased.
According to invention of Claim 2 and Claim 3, interference with the corner | angular part of a pillar and a structural panel which arises when supporting a structural panel to a flooring support frame can be avoided, and the periphery of a structural panel The part can be supported from the lower surface by the floor material support frame.
There are effects such as.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a skeleton of a wooden building that is an embodiment of the present invention, viewed from a wife side.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part.
FIG. 3 is a view taken along arrow III in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an external view showing a through pillar portion taken out.
FIG. 5 is an external view corresponding to FIG.
6A is a VV cross-sectional view in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6B is a VI-VI cross-sectional view.
7A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB.
FIG. 8 is an external view showing a conventional second floor taken out.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 .... Wooden building 11 .... Foundation 12 .... Horizontal material (base)
13 ··· Pillar (joint column)
13a ... First-floor portion 13b of joint pillar ... Escape 13c ... Second-floor portion 13d of joint pillar ... Mortise hole 14 ... pillar (through pillar)
14a ... Mortise hole 15 ... Outer wall 15a ... Outer wall finishing material 15b ... Inner surface material 15c ... Thermal insulation material 16 ... Horizontal member (body difference)
17 ... Horizontal members (eave girder)
18... Floor material support frame 19... First floor 20... Second floor 21... Second floor joist 21 a. 23 .... Structural panel 23a ... 4 corner cutouts 24 ... nail 25 ... top cutout 25a ... vertical surface 25b ... horizontal surface 26 ... floor finish Material 29 ... Auxiliary receiver

Claims

A plurality of columns are connected by a horizontal member to form a floor material support frame having a rectangular plane, and a substantially rectangular notch is provided on the upper surface of the floor material support frame to connect to a through column. the supplementary support for receiving the corner portion side surface of the structural panels of the intersection of wood provided to support a peripheral portion is fitted the entire circumference of the structural panel to the top and in said notch receiving the auxiliary, wherein A support structure for a floor board in a wooden building in which an upper surface of a floor material support frame and an upper surface of the structural panel have substantially the same height.

2. The support structure for a floor board in a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein a notch is formed in a corner portion corresponding to a through pillar at a peripheral edge portion of the structural panel.

2. The support structure for a floor board in a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein a recess is formed in a corner corresponding to a corner of the structural panel in the joint column among the columns.