JP3923240B2 - Manufacturing method of building blocks - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building block mainly used for river revetments, retaining walls of slopes such as coasts and roads, and more particularly to a building block capable of growing vegetation in harmony with the surrounding natural environment.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Porous concrete (water-permeable concrete) with a large number of voids inside has good drainage, such as rainwater, and can plant vegetation, thus protecting the natural environment. It is used for the edge of roadways, seawalls, etc.
However, the strength of porous concrete is lower than that of normal concrete, and when a building block (such as a cognitive block) is formed of porous concrete, sufficient strength for practical use cannot be obtained.
[0003]
Therefore, when making a building block using porous concrete as a material, the base layer part buried in the ground is formed of normal concrete (for example, immediate demolding concrete), and only the exposed part (surface layer part) It has been proposed to be made of porous concrete.
[0004]
For example, in Japanese Patent No. 2901909, the production of an ecosystem product block in which aggregates are embedded on the exposed surface exposed on the surface in a stacked state, and uneven surfaces are formed on the surface with this aggregate. In the method, a binder in which zeolite powder and cement are kneaded is added to the aggregate to obtain a void aggregate paste, and the void aggregate paste is injected into a mold to a predetermined thickness, and between the aggregates. It is characterized in that it is bonded with a binder so that a gap is formed, and immediately demolded concrete is injected and pressed on the aggregate provided with voids, and the molded product block is released from the mold. A method for producing an ecosystem product block is disclosed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method described in the above publication, first, a void aggregate paste, which is a material of porous concrete, is placed in a mold so as to have a thickness of 1 to 10 cm, and then immediately removed on the void aggregate paste. By placing mold concrete, a building block in which a void layer (porous concrete layer) is formed on the exposed surface side is manufactured.
[0006]
However, in this method, since the interface between the void layer (porous concrete layer) and the immediate demolding concrete is a flat surface, the coupling between the void layer (porous concrete layer) and the immediate demolding concrete tends to be weak, and the void layer There is a problem that the (porous concrete layer) is easily peeled off.
In view of such problems, the present invention is to provide a building block in which the bonding between the surface layer of porous concrete and the base layer of immediate demolding concrete is further strengthened, and a manufacturing method capable of suitably producing the building block.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An example of a stacking block obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention is a stacking block in which immediate demolding concrete constituting a base layer and porous concrete constituting a surface layer are laminated and integrally formed, and the immediate demolding described above An uneven shape on molding is formed at the boundary surface between the concrete and the porous concrete, and the component of the immediate demolding concrete is the porous material at an appropriate depth from the boundary surface with the porous concrete. It is characterized by intruding into concrete .
If comprised in this way, the contact area of immediate demolding concrete and porous concrete increases with the said uneven | corrugated shape, and since the component of immediate demolding concrete has penetrate | invaded only in appropriate depth in porous concrete, these 2 The bond strength between the two concretes increases, making it difficult for the porous concrete to peel off from the immediate demolding concrete.
[0008]
Another example of the stacking block obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention is that the immediate demolding concrete constituting the peripheral portion and the base layer of the surface layer and the porous concrete constituting the surface layer other than the peripheral portion are laminated and integrally formed. The component of the immediate demolding concrete is characterized in that it penetrates into the porous concrete by an appropriate depth from the boundary surface with the porous concrete .
If comprised in this way, since the peripheral part of the surface layer is formed with the immediate demolding concrete, the situation where porous concrete will gradually peel from a peripheral part will not arise. In addition, the porous concrete is surrounded by the immediate demolding concrete, and the components of the immediate demolding concrete have penetrated into the porous concrete by an appropriate depth. This also increases the difficulty of peeling the porous concrete from the immediate demolding concrete.
[0009]
The porous concrete is made of cement, coarse aggregate, high-performance water reducing agent, water, fine aggregate blended as needed, slag fine powder, fly ash, anhydrous gypsum, zeolite (natural zeolite or artificial zeolite) It is preferable to include one or more selected from among the above .
[0010]
The method for manufacturing a stacking block according to the present invention includes a step of placing immediate demolding concrete to a predetermined depth in a mold having an opening that opens upward, and an unevenness on the lower surface of the immediate demolding concrete. Pressing the pressing means having a shape from above to perform compaction (for example, vibration press compaction), and above the entire uneven shape of the instant demolding concrete having the uneven shape, or the uneven shape The step of placing porous concrete in the concave portion to obtain a laminate composed of the immediate demolding concrete and the porous concrete, and pressing the lid on the laminate, a step of inverting the mold vertically, subjected to vibration compaction with respect to the laminate obtained by inverting the component of the immediate demolding concrete, the boundary between the porous concrete Only a suitable depth from the step of entering into the porous concrete, and released from the mold, characterized by comprising the step of obtaining the stacked blocks made of the laminate.
If comprised in this way, while being able to form an uneven | corrugated shape easily with respect to the boundary of immediate demolding concrete and porous concrete, the component of immediate demolding concrete (by the weight and vibration compaction of immediate demolding concrete) Mortar or paste) can penetrate into the voids of the porous concrete by an appropriate depth. Thereby, the immediate demolding concrete and the porous concrete are firmly bonded.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a stacking block (first embodiment) according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a portion of immediate demolding concrete and a portion of porous concrete shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing various examples of immediate demolding concrete that is a component part of the stacking block of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the stacking block (second aspect) of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a part of the immediate demolding concrete of the stacking block shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example in which a retaining wall is constructed using the stacking block of the present invention.
[0012]
[First aspect]
The stacking block (first aspect) of the present invention is formed by laminating and immediately forming an immediate demolding concrete constituting a base layer and a porous concrete constituting a surface layer, and the immediate demolding concrete and the porous concrete. The boundary is formed in an uneven shape. An example of the first aspect is shown in FIGS.
The stacking block 1 is a cognitive block, and is formed by laminating porous concrete 3 on an immediate demolding concrete 2 that is a portion buried mainly in the ground.
Here, as the immediate demolding concrete 2, ordinary concrete having a slump flow value of 2 cm or less, more preferably 1 cm or less, particularly preferably 0 (about 5 mm or less) in the slump test is used.
The immediate demolding concrete 2 is formed in the form of a stacked block excluding a portion where the porous concrete is cast (surface layer portion that is mainly exposed from the ground surface after construction) in the mold.
[0013]
Porous concrete 3 is composed of cement, coarse aggregate, high-performance water-reducing agent or high-performance AE water-reducing agent, water, fine aggregate mixed as necessary, slag fine powder, fly ash, anhydrous gypsum, zeolite Including one or more selected from the inside.
Here, as cement, Portland cement such as early-strength Portland cement, super-early-strength Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, eco-cement, or the like is used.
[0014]
The particle size of the coarse aggregate is 2-30 mm, preferably 5-24 mm, particularly preferably 8-18 mm. As the particle size of the coarse aggregate increases, the size of the voids in the porous concrete increases, and the mortar component of the adjacent immediate demolding concrete easily enters, and the types of plants that can be planted increase. In particular, if the particle size is 8mm or more, the pores of the porous concrete are large, so that small animals can live, and by filling the voids in the porous concrete with soil, alfalfa, cosmos, alyssum, etc. Plants can grow.
[0015]
Examples of the high-performance water reducing agent or the high-performance AE water reducing agent include alkylallyl sulfonic acid type, naphthalene sulfonic acid type, melamine sulfonic acid type, oxycarboxylic acid type, polycarboxylic acid type, and aminocarboxylic acid type.
As the fine aggregate, when the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5 mm or more, a particle size of less than 5 mm is used, and when the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 2 mm or more and less than 5 mm, the particle size is 2 mm. Less than that is used.
[0016]
The volume ratio of the paste or mortar (mixture of the above materials other than the coarse aggregate) to the coarse aggregate (100% by volume) is about 30 to 80%.
The blending ratio of the material in the paste or mortar is, for example, 100 parts by weight of cement and other powder materials (one or more selected from slag fine powder, fly ash, anhydrous gypsum and zeolite), fine aggregate 0 to 140 Parts by weight, high-performance water reducing agent or high-performance AE water reducing agent 0.5 to 4.0 parts by weight, and water 15 to 30 parts by weight.
[0017]
Here, the proportion of cement in the total amount (100% by weight) of cement and other powder materials (one or more types selected from slag fine powder, fly ash, anhydrous gypsum, and zeolite) From the surface, 50% by weight or more is preferable.
In addition, as other powder materials, for example, commercially available admixtures for porous concrete such as “Asanopore Mix” (trade name, manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd.) can be used.
The porous concrete 3 is formed by being cast on immediate demolding concrete in the mold.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 2, the boundary between the immediate demolding concrete 2 and the porous concrete 3 is formed to have an uneven shape. In FIG. 2, the immediate demolding concrete 2 has a boundary surface with the porous concrete 3 bent vertically from an upper surface 2 a formed in a rectangular ring shape and an inner edge of the upper surface 2 a to have a predetermined depth. The side wall surface 2b is formed so as to have an uneven shape including a bottom surface 2c formed as a rectangular surface with the end portion (deepest portion) of the side wall surface 2b as an edge. The width of the upper surface 2a is, for example, about 1 to 5 cm, and the depth of the side wall surface 2b is, for example, about 1 to 5 cm.
[0019]
FIG. 3 shows another example of the interface between the immediate demolding concrete 2 and the porous concrete 3. In addition, since each part in FIG. 3 has the same name as each part in FIG. 2, the code | symbol same as the code | symbol in FIG. 2 is attached | subjected. The boundary surface can take various shapes other than those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
Of the boundary surface of the immediate demolding concrete 2, the side wall surface 2b does not necessarily have to be formed perpendicular to the upper surface 2a as shown in FIG. 2, but from the bottom surface 2c to the upper surface 2a. You may form so that it may expand. However, in order to effectively prevent the porous concrete 3 from peeling off, it is preferable to form the side wall surface 2b at an angle close to perpendicular to the upper surface 2a (for example, 60 to 90 degrees) or as much as possible. .
[0020]
On the other hand, the porous concrete 3 is molded so as to have a boundary surface formed in a reverse uneven shape with respect to the boundary surface having the uneven shape of the immediate demolding concrete 2. That is, the porous concrete 3 includes a plate-like portion 3 a having a predetermined thickness and a fitting portion 3 b formed according to the uneven shape of the immediate demolding concrete 2. The thickness of the plate-like part 3a is 1 to 10 cm, preferably 3 to 7 cm. The thickness of the fitting portion 3b is the same as the depth dimension of the side wall surface 2b of the immediate demolding concrete 2 (about 1 to 5 cm).
[0021]
The mortar component or paste component of the immediate demolding concrete 2 penetrates into the porous concrete 3 by an appropriate depth from the boundary surface with the porous concrete 3. That is, the gap of the porous concrete 3 near the boundary surface is filled with these components. The penetration depth varies depending on the particle size of the coarse aggregate in the porous concrete 3, but is usually preferably about 5 to 20 mm.
[0022]
Next, a method for manufacturing the stack block 1 will be described. The stacking block 1 can be manufactured, for example, by the method shown in the flowchart in FIG.
In FIG. 4, first, the kneaded immediate demolding concrete 2 is placed in a mold 4 having an opening opened upward (a) in FIG. 4.
Next, pressing means (pressing plate) 5 having an uneven shape on the lower surface is pressed against the immediate demolding concrete 2 in the mold 4 from above to perform vibration press compaction, and the immediate demolding concrete 2 An uneven shape that matches the uneven shape of the lower surface of the pressing means (pressing plate) 5 is formed on the upper surface ((b) in FIG. 4).
[0023]
Thereafter, the pressing means 5 is removed, and the kneaded porous concrete 3 is placed on the immediate demolding concrete 2 in the mold 4, and a lid (face plate) 6 is placed on the porous concrete 3. Press ((c) in FIG. 4).
In this state, the mold 4 is inverted 180 degrees up and down, and then the vibration is compacted ((d) in FIG. 4). The conditions for vibration compaction are set so that the components of the immediate demolding concrete 2 enter the gap of the porous concrete 3 by an appropriate depth (about 5 to 20 mm). Specifically, the frequency and vibration time may be determined according to conditions such as the size of the particle size of the coarse aggregate in the porous concrete 3. For example, vibration molding is performed for about 1 to 10 seconds with external vibration having a frequency of 3,000 to 8,000 vpm. Examples of external vibration means include a table vibrator and a vibrator that can be attached to a mold. After performing vibration compaction, if the mold is removed from the mold 4, the stacking block 1 is obtained ((e) in FIG. 4).
[0024]
[Second embodiment]
The stacking block (second aspect) of the present invention is formed by laminating and immediately forming the immediate-demolding concrete constituting the peripheral portion and the base layer of the surface layer and the porous concrete constituting the surface layer other than the peripheral portion. An example of the second aspect is shown in FIGS. The stacking block 7 is composed of immediate demolding concrete 8 constituting the peripheral portion 8a and the base layer 8b of the surface layer and porous concrete 9 constituting the surface layer other than the peripheral portion. The porous concrete 9 has such a dimension as to be fitted into the recess 10 of the immediate demolding concrete 8. The thickness of the porous concrete (depth of the peripheral portion 8a) is, for example, about 1 to 10 cm. Moreover, the width | variety of the peripheral part 8a is about 1-3 cm, for example.
The material and manufacturing method of the stack block 7 are the same as those of the stack block 1 described above.
[0025]
The example which constructed the retaining wall using the stacking block 1 of this invention is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, the retaining wall 13 is formed on the foundation concrete 11 by alternately stacking the inset concrete 12 and the building blocks 1.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
The stacked block according to the present invention has a porous concrete in which the boundary surface between the immediate demolding concrete and the porous concrete is formed in an uneven shape, and the component of the immediate demolding concrete is an appropriate depth from the boundary surface with the porous concrete. Because it has the characteristic of intruding inside, the interface between porous concrete and immediate demolding concrete is stronger than before, and porous concrete is hard to peel off from immediate demolding concrete, The shape does not collapse and has excellent durability.
Moreover, according to the method for manufacturing a stacking block of the present invention, a stacking block having the specific shape and structure described above can be easily manufactured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a stacking block (first aspect) according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an immediate demolding concrete portion and a porous concrete portion of the stacking block shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view showing various examples of immediate demolding concrete which is a component part of the stacking block of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for manufacturing a stack block (first aspect) according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a stacking block (second embodiment) according to the present invention.
6 is an exploded perspective view showing an immediate demolding concrete portion and a porous concrete portion of the stacking block shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example in which a retaining wall is constructed using the stacking block of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,7 Stack blocks 2,8 Immediately demolding concrete 3,9 Porous concrete 4 Form 5 Pressing means 6 Lid (face plate)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Recess 11 Basic concrete 12 Carved concrete 13 Retaining wall 2a Upper surface 2b Side wall surface 2c Bottom surface 3a Plate-shaped part 3b Fitting part 8a Peripheral part 8b of surface layer Base layer

Claims (1)

Immediately demolding concrete is cast to a predetermined depth in a mold having an opening that opens upward, and pressing means having a concavo-convex shape on the lower surface is pushed from above with respect to the immediate demolding concrete. A step of applying and compacting the porous concrete, and placing the porous concrete above the entire uneven shape of the above-described immediate-demolded concrete in which the uneven shape is formed, or in the recessed portion of the uneven shape, And a step of obtaining a laminate comprising the porous concrete, a step of pressing the lid on the laminate, and then reversing the formwork up and down in this state, and the reversed laminate performs vibration compaction Te, the components of immediate demolding concrete, only a suitable depth from the interface between the porous concrete, the step of entering into the porous concrete , And released from the mold, the production method of the stacked block, characterized in that it consists of a process for obtaining a stacking block made of the laminate.

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