JP3855907B2 - Sheet material drawing machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sheet-like stretching machine for stretching a sheet-like material, such as a thermoplastic resin film.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional stretching device is provided with a film gripping device at one end of an endless link device in which isometric link plates are connected in a fold shape, and guide rails for guiding the link device are provided at both side edges of the film. In the drawing machine that drives the link device by a sprocket, a plurality of links are attached to the other end portion of the chain link that is pivotally attached at one end to the hinge portion of the link plate on the opposite side of the link device and connected at the other end with a pin. Pin holes are provided, and the draw ratio in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction, MD direction) of the film is stepped variable (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
Also, the purpose is to make the longitudinal draw ratio (MD draw ratio) and the transverse draw ratio (TD draw ratio) variable, and by changing the pitch of the endless link device by making the relative position of the guide rail variable by adjusting the handle screw. Have been proposed for small-lot production of various varieties (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 63-115722 A (page 1-2, FIG. 3)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 61-58723 A (page 1-3, FIG. 3)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional stretching apparatus has not been considered for high-strength stretching or rapid stretching with a shortened stretching section, particularly high-stretching in the TD direction.
[0006]
For example, as in the prior art, the film grip pitch before stretching is determined by a bearing outer diameter (or stopper) held in a guide groove constituted by guide rails, and the film grip pitch after stretching is positioned on the side opposite to the film. The isometric link device determined by the chain link to be extended extends the film grip pitch gradually and simultaneously extends the vertical and horizontal directions by arranging the guide rails in a divergent shape. For this reason, it is difficult to follow a sharp curve (details will be described later), and in order to stretch at a high magnification, it is common to take a relatively gentle gradient of the divergent part and increase the length in the film traveling direction. It was the target. Therefore, the equipment becomes long and requires an excessive occupation area, and the number of links and incidental equipment for heating the film also increase, which is uneconomical. In addition, in the case of only the transverse stretching (TD stretching) using the conventional technique with high magnification stretching in the TD direction in mind, it is necessary to keep the film grip pitch at regular intervals, but to keep the film grip pitch at regular intervals. Has the same problem as above.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for stretching a sheet-like material in which deterioration of the performance of the sheet-like material, breakage, or occurrence of thickness unevenness is suppressed .
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The object is to provide a pair of endless link devices which are arranged on both ends of the sheet-like material and are rotationally driven so as to grip both ends of the sheet-like material and guide the sheet-like material from the inlet side to the outlet side. And guide rails arranged on each of these endless link devices for moving a plurality of gripping devices from the inlet side to the outlet side, and these guide rails are arranged in a divergent shape from the inlet side to the outlet side. Each of the guide rails guides a plurality of first rollers disposed on one end side of the sheet-like material and connected to the gripping device. A plurality of second guide rollers connected to each other on the side opposite to the sheet-like object of the first guide rail and connected to each other by a pair of equal length links. A set of guide rails having a second guide rail for guiding, a chain link connecting the first rollers adjacent to each other and restraining them in the direction between the rollers, and the second guide rails adjacent to each other. This is achieved by a sheet-like material stretching apparatus that does not have a member for connecting the rollers .
[0009]
Further, the guide rail is achieved by a plurality of rails connected in series, and a group of rails arranged in a divergent shape by changing the connection angle.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a transverse stretching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an isometric link 31. The configuration and operation are as follows.
[0012]
The endless link device 3 having a plurality of gripping devices 2 for gripping the end of the sheet-like material 1 on both sides of the sheet-like material 1 (part of the link and the endless link on one side are omitted in the figure) is formed in a fold-like shape. It is composed of a plurality of equal-length links 31 and is driven by an inlet-side sprocket 4 of a sheet-like material and is guided by guide rails 5 to 7 arranged on the upper end of the traveling direction so as to hold the gripping pitch P1, After the sheet-like object 1 is stretched in the lateral direction, the sheet-like object 1 is removed from the gripping device 2, driven by the outlet side sprocket 8, and returned to the inlet side sprocket 4.
[0013]
The guide rails 5 to 7 are a pair of guide grooves, and a gripping device for gripping the sheet-like object 1 in the guide groove formed by the sheet-side guide 5 and the intermediate guide 6 closer to the sheet-like object 1. The link shaft 10 (FIG. 2) to which the two are connected is held via a bearing roller 91. The guide shaft formed by the other anti-sheet side guide 7 and the intermediate guide 6 holds the link shaft 11 (FIG. 2) not having the gripping device 2 via the bearing roller 92, and the link shafts 10 and 11 are linked. The link shafts adjacent to the link shaft 10 connected to the plate 12 and connected to the gripping device 2 are connected by the chain link 13, and the grip pitch P <b> 1 is determined by the chain link 13.
[0014]
Next, FIG. 7 shows an enlarged view of the conventional drawing machine in the plane direction of the drawing machine, FIG. 3 shows an enlarged drawing of the drawing section in the direction of the drawing machine of the present invention, and FIG. Thus, the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0015]
In the extending portion having a gradient of an angle θ from a portion parallel to the traveling direction of the sheet-like material 1, in the conventional example of FIG. 7, the chain link 14 extends in the direction of the bearing roller 92 that holds the link shaft that does not have the gripping device 2. Therefore, the bearing rollers 92 are moved at equal intervals in the guide groove formed by the anti-sheet side guide 7 and the intermediate guide 6 so as to maintain the length of the chain link 14. Further, the bearing roller 91 that moves in the guide groove formed by the sheet side guide 5 and the intermediate guide 6 is a connecting portion between the parallel portion and the gradient portion because there is nothing to restrain between the adjacent bearing rollers 91. The grip pitch abruptly increases from P1 to P2 at the bent portion 15, and then the grip pitch returns to P1 at the gradient portion. Needless to say, the gripping pitch P1 is temporarily reduced in the bent portion at the exit of the extending portion (not shown) contrary to the above.
[0016]
On the other hand, in the present invention shown in FIG. 3, the chain link 13 is disposed in the direction of the bearing roller 91 that holds the link shaft 10 having the gripping device 2 contrary to the conventional example. The bearing roller 91 moves at equal intervals in the guide groove formed, and the non-sheet bearing roller 92 has nothing to restrain between the adjacent bearing rollers 92, so the interval is reduced at the bent portion 15. For this reason, the pair of equal-length links 31 are folded at the bent portion 15, the grip pitch is temporarily expanded from P1 to P2, and then the grip pitch is returned to P1 at the gradient portion.
[0017]
The above-mentioned enlargement / reduction of the gripping pitch not only deteriorates the performance (strength, fiber orientation) of the sheet-like material 1, but also breaks the sheet-like material 1 or the sheet by abruptly increasing the gripping pitch depending on the stretching angle θ. The thickness unevenness of the shaped object 1 is produced. Therefore, the present inventors studied the relationship between the conventional example and the stretching angle of the present invention and the gripping pitch retention rate with the stretching angle θ as a factor, and obtained the results shown in FIG.
[0018]
The horizontal axis is the stretching angle θ, and the vertical axis is the gripping pitch holding ratio obtained by dividing the maximum gripping pitch P2 by the reference gripping pitch P1, and the closer the gripping pitch holding ratio is to 1.0, the less the gripping pitch is enlarged or reduced. means. From this result, the gripping pitch retention rate tends to increase as the stretching angle θ increases as a whole, but when comparing the conventional example with the present invention, the present invention is a stretching machine with less gripping pitch expansion / reduction. I found out. Note that the allowable range of the grip pitch holding ratio varies depending on the composition of the target sheet 1 and the purpose of use, but the expansion is about 1.05 to 1.1 (the reduction is about 0.9 to 0.95). If so, it is considered acceptable.
[0019]
From the above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to cope with high-stretching and rapid stretching with a shortened stretching section, particularly high-stretching in the TD direction. As a result, an excessively large area is not required, the number of links and incidental facilities for heating the film are minimal, and a highly economical facility can be constructed.
[0020]
In addition, although the present Example demonstrated mainly the high magnification extending | stretching of TD direction, when a extending | stretching angle is small etc., by arrange | positioning a guide rail so that the crossing angle of an isometric link may be expanded gradually in an extending | stretching part. Simultaneous stretching in the vertical and horizontal directions is also possible. Further, in the present embodiment, the example in which the grip pitch P1 facing the sheet-like object 1 is kept as equal as possible during the high magnification stretching in the TD direction has been described, but the pitch parallel to the traveling direction of the sheet-like object 1 is always kept at P1. It is also possible to exclude the bent portion 15. That is, in the stretching section, the crossing angle of the isometric links may be adjusted so that the gripping pitch becomes P1 / cosθ, and this operation does not cause MD contraction in the stretching portion, and the sheet performance can be improved. is there.
[0021]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an isometric link according to another embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the gripping device 2 is installed at the upper end of the link plate 12 and the film side. The sprocket driving roller 16 is disposed above the link shaft 10. The operation and effects of the present invention are the same as those of the above embodiment, and the effects specific to this embodiment are as follows.
[0022]
Since the link shaft 10 is constrained by adjacent link shafts and chain links, a scraping device (not shown) connected to the sprocket is provided by disposing the sprocket driving roller 16 above the link shaft 10 on the film side. Positioning) is easy.
[0023]
In addition, oil is sprayed on the bearing portion of the isometric link device 31 in order to extend the life of the bearing. However, there is a case where the oil adheres to the sheet-like object 1 and causes a product defect. However, in this embodiment, since the gripping device 2 is installed at the upper end of the link plate 12, oil adhesion to the sheet-like material 1 is suppressed, and the isometric link device 31 is enclosed as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. Thus, the suppression effect is further improved.
[0024]
FIG. 6 is an example of an articulated guide rail showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the present invention, the guide rails 5 to 7 are constituted by articulated guide rails in which a plurality of rails 17 constrained at both ends by pin coupling are connected in series, and are arranged in a divergent shape by changing the connection angle of the rails 17. This is an example. According to the present invention, high-strength stretching and rapid stretching with a shortened stretching section can be realized, and a sheet-like material stretching machine capable of continuously changing the stretching ratio in the TD direction becomes possible.
[0025]
In this embodiment, all the rails 17 of the gradient portion are shown at the same angle. However, the angle is gradually increased from the extension portion entrance to the extension portion center portion, and the angle is gradually increased from the extension portion center portion to the extension portion outlet. Needless to say, it can be placed back. Moreover, it is also possible to use the rail 17 as a base, dispose the guide rails 5 to 7 on the upper surface thereof, and connect the bases in series to form a guide rail capable of continuously changing the draw ratio.
[0026]
Furthermore, at least two uneven portions (extension portion entrance and exit) are formed in the rail 17 connecting portion, but the contact rollers 91 and 92 of the isometric link 31 and the rail contact surface are always convex portions. Is a thin plate that can follow the guide rail trajectory on the method of reducing the load applied to the bearing rollers 91 and 92, the stepped portion of the connecting portion, or the entire contact surface side of the bearing rollers 91 and 92 and the rail. It is also possible to prevent the step by covering with.
[0027]
According to the said Example, the extending | stretching machine of the sheet-like material which can respond to the rapid extending | stretching which shortened the extending | stretching of the high magnification and the extending | stretching area, especially the high magnification extending | stretching of TD direction is realizable. Further, by using the multi-joint guide rail, the stretching ratio in the TD direction can be continuously changed.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the extending | stretching apparatus of the sheet-like material in which the deterioration of the performance of the sheet-like material, the generation | occurrence | production of the fracture | rupture or the thickness spot was suppressed can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a transverse stretching machine that is an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an isometric link that is an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a stretching portion in the plane direction of the stretching machine of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the stretched portion angle and the grip pitch holding ratio.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an isometric link according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an extending portion of an articulated guide rail according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a stretching portion in the plane direction of a conventional stretching machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sheet-like object, 2 ... Grab device, 3 ... Endless link device, 4 ... Inlet sprocket, 5 ... Sheet side guide, 6 ... Intermediate guide, 7 ... Anti-sheet side guide, 8 ... Outlet sprocket, 10 ... Sheet side link 11. Shaft, 11 ... anti-sheet side link shaft, 12 ... link plate, 13 ... chain link, 21 ... gripping part, 31 ... isometric link device, 91, 92 ... bearing roller.

Claims (2)

A pair of endless link devices which are arranged on both end sides of the sheet-like material and which are rotationally driven so as to respectively grip both end portions of the sheet-like material and guide the sheet-like material from the inlet side to the outlet side; A guide rail arranged on each of the link devices for moving a plurality of gripping devices from the inlet side to the outlet side, the guide rails being arranged in a divergent form from the inlet side to the outlet side; An apparatus for stretching a sheet-like material comprising:
Each of the guide rails is arranged on one end side of the sheet-like material and guides a plurality of first rollers connected to the gripping device, and the seat of the first guide rail A set of guide rails having a second guide rail for guiding a plurality of second rollers arranged on the opposite side of the object and connected by a pair of isometric links. An apparatus for stretching a sheet-like material that includes a chain link that connects adjacent first rollers and restrains them in the direction between the rollers, and does not include a member that connects the adjacent second rollers.   2. The sheet-like material stretching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is constituted by a rail group in which a plurality of rails are connected in series and the connection angle is changed to be arranged in a divergent shape. Stretching device.

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