JP3827907B2 - Solid foundation construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for constructing a “solid foundation” in which slab concrete is placed over the entire surface of a lower floor portion in a building such as a wooden or steel structure house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a building such as a house, it is common to provide a fabric foundation that is continuous in the wall direction with a rectangular cross section or an inverted T-shaped cross section immediately below the outer and inner partition wall portions. It is also common practice to place slab concrete over the entire lower surface of the floor surrounded by the outer periphery.
[0003]
Anchor bolts for connecting to the upper structure are embedded at the top of the fabric foundation. Since a lateral member called a base is disposed at the bottom part of the superstructure, that is, the leg part of the wall part or the column part, the anchor bolt is directly fastened to the base.
As a construction procedure, formwork is made by pouring concrete into the part of the groundwork where the ground has been rooted, a fabric foundation is made by curing, a foundation is attached to the upper surface after curing, and then the upper building is sequentially assembled. In the case of a solid foundation, it is common to place slab concrete using a cloth foundation that has been cured at an appropriate time after the form of the cloth foundation has been removed as an outer frame. Therefore, there has been a problem that the timing of placing the concrete is divided into two before and after.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve such problems and to make concrete construction more efficient in building construction such as a house by placing slab concrete of a solid foundation portion simultaneously with a cloth foundation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention according to claim 1 prepares a shank plate provided with a plurality of bolt holes, fixes the upper end of the anchor bolt to the shank plate, attaches a support block to the lower end of each anchor bolt, and The support block is placed on the ground surface corresponding to the foundation part, and slab concrete is placed on the part surrounded by the scale board on the outer periphery of the building, and at least the scale board part is the scale board. It is a solid foundation construction method characterized in that concrete is cast up to the height of the lower surface of the foundation.
[0008]
The present invention according to claim 2 is a support in which a shank plate provided with a plurality of bolt holes is prepared, the upper end of the anchor bolt is fixed to the shank plate, and a recess corresponding to the lower end of each anchor bolt is provided on the upper surface. After preparing the block and placing the support block on the ground surface corresponding to the foundation part of the building and inserting the lower end of each anchor bolt into the recess, the scale plate is supported by the support block. The slab concrete is placed on a portion surrounded by a measure plate on the outer periphery of the building, and the concrete is placed at least at the height of the lower surface of the measure plate for at least the portion of the measure plate. This is the foundation construction method.
[0010]
The present invention according to claim 3 is the solid foundation construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a support plate is laid in advance on the ground surface on which the support block is placed.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Example 1
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solid foundation in this embodiment. 1 is a base member, 2 is an anchor bolt that is inserted into a plurality of bolt holes provided in a direction perpendicular to the base member 1 and whose upper end is fixed by a nut or the like. 3 is a support block attached to the lower end of the anchor bolt 2 and placed on the ground surface, 4 is slab concrete placed up to the height of the lower surface of the base member 1, 6 is an outer formwork, B is crushed stone, G Is the ground, P is a support plate laid horizontally on the ground.
[0013]
In order to reduce manufacturing and transportation costs and improve workability, it is desirable to make the support block 3 as small as possible. However, this makes the bottom surface cluttered and unstable when placed on the ground. In such a case, a stabilizer plate having a width wider than the bottom surface may be appropriately attached to the lower surface of the support block 3 by bolting or the like so as to prevent falling. The stabilizer plate is a PC plate, a metal plate, a wood plate, a resin plate, or the like.
[0014]
Next, the construction procedure will be explained. The base member 1 is an elongated member such as a square member such as wood or a lightweight steel frame having a C-shaped cross section, and a plurality of vertical bolt holes are provided at predetermined intervals. The upper end of the anchor bolt 2 is inserted into the bolt hole and fixed to the base member 1 with a nut or the like. A support block 3 is attached to the lower end of the anchor bolt 2 by screw connection or concrete pouring.
[0015]
An example of a state in which the anchor bolt 2 and the support block 3 are attached to the base member 1 is shown in FIG. Needless to say, the base member 1 is configured to have a predetermined height in a state where the support block 3 is placed on the ground plane or the support plate P thereon.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the lower part of the anchor bolt 2 and the support block 3. In (a), an insert nut 31 is embedded in the upper surface of the support block 3, and a lower portion of the anchor bolt 2 is screwed into a thread portion of the insert nut 31, and both are screw-coupled. On the other hand, as shown in (b), a concave portion 32 is formed on the upper surface of the support block 3, and the lower portion of the anchor bolt 2 is inserted therein. In this case, the two are not joined, but the anchor bolt 2 and the upper base member 1 can be supported by the support block 3. Alternatively, the anchor bolt 2 and the support block 3 may be coupled in advance by pouring mortar or the like into the recess 32.
[0016]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the support block 3. That is, the support block 3 may have an elongated square bar shape so as to support a plurality of anchor bolts corresponding to the upper base member 1 as shown in (a), or one as shown in (b). It may be a dice that supports each anchor bolt. Both of these can be prepared at the same construction site, and can be selected and used as appropriate.
[0017]
Since the support block 3 only needs to be able to support the base member until the slab concrete is placed, the material is not particularly limited, and is, for example, ordinary concrete, lightweight concrete, metal plate, wood, resin, or a combination thereof.
When the anchor bolt 2 and the support block 3 are connected in advance, the base member 1 is placed on a horizontal plane that has a predetermined level by laying ground and ground on the ground surface corresponding to the basic portion of the building, that is, ground. The anchor bolt 2 and the support block 3 are integrated. When the support block 3 is not attached to the lower end of the anchor bolt, the support block 3 is arranged on the ground surface corresponding to the foundation portion of the building, and the base member 1 and the anchor bolt 2 are integrated. Is placed on this. In particular, when the support block 3 has a dice shape, instead of placing these directly on the ground surface, a support plate P such as a fiber-reinforced concrete plate is laid on the ground surface and placed on this. It is more preferable because it can be stably supported.
[0018]
When these arrangements are completed, the slab concrete 4 is placed at least the height of the lower surface of the base member 1 with respect to the portion surrounded by the base member 1 on the outer periphery of the building, that is, the range serving as the foundation of the building. An outer mold 6 is appropriately used for the outer peripheral portion. In this way, it is possible to construct both the conventional cloth foundation part and the concrete foundation part inside thereof at the same time. In addition, it is desirable to arrange vertical and horizontal slab bars as needed in the slab concrete part.
[0019]
FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view showing a state in which a combination of the base member 1, the anchor bolt 2, and the support block 3 in advance is arranged. This figure shows a portion where the partition base member 1b is connected in front of the outer base member 1a, but the base members 1a and 1b are not necessarily coupled to each other. In general, the base members 1 (1a, 1b) are arranged at the same level, but the support block 3 does not necessarily have to be at the same level as in other embodiments described later.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, the concrete of the solid foundation portion is thicker than a conventional general solid foundation. Therefore, although the amount of concrete used increases, it has excellent advantages such as heat insulation, moisture resistance, insect repellent such as ants and the like, and has a great heat storage effect, so that it consumes less energy and is rather economical. It is also possible to reduce the amount of concrete used by appropriately embedding a foamed resin box or the like in a portion without the base member 1.
[0021]
Example 2
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solid foundation showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from FIG. 1 is that the load on the partitioning part is relatively light and the ground part of the solid foundation part inside except the outer peripheral part is shown. The work is higher than that of the outer peripheral part, for example, at the same level as the surrounding ground (GL), and the amount of excavation and placing concrete is reduced.
[0022]
In this case, if the thickness of the slab concrete in the partition portion is about 200 mm, a commercially available concrete block (standard height 190 mm) can be used as the partition support block 3a as shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a state in which the support block 3a is attached to the base member 1b via the anchor bolt 2. Fine adjustment of the height is performed by inserting a shim 33 between the support block 3a and the base member 3b. FIG. 8 is a partial sectional view of the solid foundation in this case. The same support block 3a for partitioning may be used as the support block 3 in the outer peripheral portion, or another support block 3 may be used. 5 is a slab muscle.
[0023]
Still another example of the support block is shown in FIG. The support block 3b is a hollow concrete block whose both side surfaces are open. Drill a hole in the center of the top, insert the anchor bolt 2 with the long nut 21 attached to the tip, rotate the long nut 21 to extend it all the way inside the support block 3b, and make the screw hole of the long nut 21 If the auxiliary bolts of both screws are screwed into the long nut 21 from above so as to coincide with the hole at the top center, the same support block as before can be obtained. Since this support block 3b is hollow, it can be passed through when the slab reinforcement is arranged later. It is also light to carry. A similar one can be made of a metal plate.
[0024]
Example 3
Next, a preferred construction method for a solid foundation in the case where the base member is not attached to the anchor bolt unlike the previous embodiments will be described.
A long nut 21 is screwed onto the top of the anchor bolt 2, a thin plate corresponding to the planar dimension of the base member is mounted thereon, and a shank plate 15 having a plurality of bolt holes is placed at the position of the anchor bolt. If it is screwed into the nut 21 from above and tightened, as shown in FIG. 10, it will have the same structure as the anchoring anchor bolt shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 7 in the previous examples. Construction can be carried out in the same way. After the concrete is hardened, the temporary bolt 22 is loosened to remove the scale plate 15, and the auxiliary bolt 23 with both ends threaded is screwed into the long nut 21 as shown in FIG. 11 so that the base member can be attached.
[0025]
Example 4
FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the outer peripheral portion of the solid foundation in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the partition portion, and 61 is parallel to the base member 1 and the top is the base member 1 It is a dam frame arranged at a height corresponding to the lower surface of (1a, 1b).
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, slab concrete 4 is filled up to the lower surface of the base member 1 only on the inside of the dam frame 61, that is, on the base member 1 side. Only the bottom surface of the weir frame 61 is driven. In this way, it is possible to easily and surely fill the bottom surface of the most important foundation member 1 with concrete, and to reduce the amount of concrete to be placed as long as a predetermined slab thickness is secured. it can. Therefore, the distance between the base member 1 (1a, 1b) and the dam frame 61 is set so as to facilitate the concrete filling operation. The dam frame 61 may be temporarily fixed from the base member 1 (1a, 1b) and supported.
[0026]
In this solid foundation, a gap corresponding to the height of the dam frame 61 is formed between the foundation member 1 and the slab concrete 4 inside the foundation, which is convenient for piping and wiring under the floor. In principle, the dam frame 61 is removed after the concrete is hardened.
Example 5
FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the outer peripheral portion of the solid foundation in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Further, a PC block 63, which is a concrete block made of PC, is arranged outside, and the slab concrete 4 is placed using the heat insulating material 62 as an outer mold and the PC block 63 as a mold holder. The PC block 63 is appropriately connected in the longitudinal direction of the foundation, but is fixed to the ground by its own weight. Therefore, it is desirable to lay a support plate P on the lower surface for stability.
[0027]
Example 6
FIG. 15 is a partial sectional view showing the outer peripheral portion of the solid foundation in the sixth embodiment of the present invention, wherein 6 is an outer mold frame, 7 is a mold retainer for holding it from the outside, and 12 is the base member 1 and the mold frame. A locking metal fitting 73 that locks the top of the presser 7 is a pile rebar.
In other words, in this embodiment, the outer mold 6 is pressed from the outside by the mold holder 7 locked to the base member 1, and the inside is driven by the pile rebar 73 and fixed to the lower portion, and the slab concrete 4 is placed. . As the outer mold 6, a wooden dam plate or a metal dam plate generally used in the related art may be used, but a veneer plywood commonly called “company” is preferable.
[0028]
An example of the mold holder 7 is shown in FIG. (A) is a lattice reinforcing bar 71 in which reinforcing bars are formed in a lattice shape, and (b) is a columnar reinforcing bar 72, both of which are driven by fixing a vertical reinforcing bar into the ground and holding the outer frame 6 with a horizontal reinforcing bar. It is a thing.
Example 7
Next, FIG. 17 is a partial perspective sectional view showing a modified embodiment of the base member 1, and 11 is a spacer having a constant thickness and wider than the base member 1. The material of the spacer 11 is not particularly limited, but a material that is easy to handle and inexpensive, such as a foamed resin, is preferable. Spacers 11 are attached to the lower surface of the base member 1 at predetermined intervals as shown in FIG. If the slab concrete 4 is cast to the lower surface of the base member 1 at least at the lower part of the base member and the periphery of the spacer 11, and the hardened member 11 is removed after curing, as shown in FIG. Ventilation hole V is formed. (C) is sectional drawing of the AA view in (b). The vent hole V is characterized in that the air flow from the outside once hits the concrete inside the base and is turned 90 degrees to be blown upward, so that there is no blow-through and the wind pressure is relieved. The vent hole V can be appropriately installed on the bases of the outer peripheral portion and the partition wall as necessary.
[0029]
In the case where the vent hole V is provided in the outer peripheral portion, it is necessary to attach the fender member 14 to the opening of the vent hole V so that small animals such as sharks do not enter. An example is shown in FIG. This figure is a partial perspective view showing the vicinity of the vent hole in the outer peripheral portion. Reference numeral 14 denotes a fender member, and reference numeral 13 denotes a support fitting that suspends the fender member from the base member 1. Assuming that the opening of the base member 1 and the slab concrete 4 is 20 mm in the vertical direction, a stainless steel rod having a diameter of 5 mm may be hung horizontally as a fender member 14 at an almost intermediate height.
[0030]
FIG. 19 is a partial perspective view showing the vicinity of the vent hole V in the other outer peripheral portion. As described in the fourth embodiment, the slab concrete 4 on the inner side of the outer peripheral portion is lowered by the dam frame so that it is directly below the base member 1. A straight vent hole V is provided at a high portion, and a lattice-shaped eye plate is fitted as a fender member 14 in the opening.
Example 8
FIG. 20 is a partially cut perspective view of slab concrete showing an example of construction of a solid foundation having a different slab concrete placement level.
[0031]
In each of the embodiments so far, the slab concrete 4 is placed up to the height of the lower surface of the base member 1, but in this embodiment, the slab concrete extends to the upper surface of the base member 1 in most of the solid foundation. 4 is placed, and only a part of the slab concrete 4 extends to the lower surface of the base member 1. If it does in this way, a flooring material can be directly affixed on the surface about a high part, and it can be used as a floor, and piping, wiring, etc. can be passed about a low part.
[0032]
In each of the above embodiments, the vertical and horizontal slab bars are appropriately arranged in the middle slab concrete portion of the base member. A preferred slab bar arrangement method will be described with reference to FIGS.
The horizontal interval between the slab bars is preferably 150 to 200 mm. FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the reinforcing bar support 8, and U-shaped grooves 82 are formed on the upper surface of a rectangular bar-shaped main body 81 at the above intervals. If the reinforcing bar support 8 is placed at an appropriate position on the ground, and the reinforcing bar is placed so as to fit in the groove 82, the slab bars are arranged at predetermined intervals.
[0033]
FIG. 22 shows a reinforcing bar support 8a when the slab bars are arranged in two upper and lower stages. The main body 81 is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 21 including the groove portion 82, but an appropriate hole is provided in the middle of the groove portion 82, and a reinforcing bar support metal 83 for supporting the upper reinforcing bar is attached. In the reinforcing bar supporting metal 83, U-shaped metal parts corresponding to the groove portions 82 are arranged at the intervals described above. It should be noted that the reinforcing bar supporting metal 83 is preferably attached and detached so that the upper bar arrangement is performed after the lower bar arrangement.
[0034]
FIG. 23 is a front view of an anchor bolt portion showing a bar arrangement means for arranging slab bars in two upper and lower stages with respect to the outer periphery, and FIG. 24 is a front view showing a frame-shaped reinforcing bar 53 attached thereto. A hook-shaped rebar locking metal fitting 24 is fixed by a nut at a position slightly below the base member 1 of the head of the anchor bolt 2, and a U-shaped or S-shaped rebar support metal fitting 25 is fixed to the leg portion. Yes. The frame-shaped reinforcing bar 53 is a frame formed by appropriately connecting upper and lower horizontal reinforcing bars with a reinforcing bar, and the upper reinforcing bar is suspended from the reinforcing bar locking metal 24 and the lower reinforcing bar is supported by the reinforcing bar supporting metal 25. . In this way, it is possible to efficiently perform the bar arrangement using the frame-shaped reinforcing bars 53 that are manufactured in advance at the factory.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the concrete of the fabric foundation and the solid foundation can be placed simultaneously, not only the concrete construction becomes efficient, but also when the foundation member is preceded by the anchor bolt, the anchor bolt and the foundation member are simultaneously coupled. Since it is completed, it has an excellent effect of shortening the construction period of the foundation work. Further, since the thickness of the solid base portion is increased, the heat insulation, moisture resistance, insect repellent properties such as ants are increased, and the heat storage effect is large, so that there are excellent advantages such as low energy consumption.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a solid foundation showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a state in which an anchor bolt and a support block are attached to a base member used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a lower part of an anchor bolt and a support block in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a support block used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of a solid foundation showing an intermediate stage in the construction of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solid foundation showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another example of the anchor member and the support block attached to the base member used in the present invention.
8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solid foundation showing a state where the support block shown in FIG. 7 is used in the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another example of a support block used in the present invention, with a part cut away.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example in which anchor bolts and a support block are attached to a scale plate used in place of the base member without attaching the base member in the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which the base member is not advanced in the present invention, a scale plate is used instead of the base member, this is removed, and a bolt is screwed in.
FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an outer peripheral portion of a solid foundation in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a partial sectional view showing a partition portion of a solid foundation in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solid foundation showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a partial sectional view of a solid foundation showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a front view showing an example of a mold holder in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 17A and 17B are a partial perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the base member in the present invention. FIGS.
18 is a perspective view showing another vent hole formed by the base member shown in FIG.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing another vent according to the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a cut partial perspective view of a solid foundation showing an example in which the slab concrete placement level is changed in the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a reinforcing bar support used in the present invention.
FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing a reinforcing bar support used in the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a front view showing an example of an anchor bolt used for the outer periphery of a solid foundation in the present invention.
24 is a front view showing a frame-shaped reinforcing bar attached to the anchor bolt of FIG. 23. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1a, 1b Base member 2 Anchor bolt 3, 3a, 3b Support block 4 Slab concrete 5 Slab reinforcement 6 Outer form frame 7 Form holder 8, 8a Reinforcement support base
11 Spacer
12 Locking bracket
13 Support bracket
14 Fender
15 scale plate
21 Long nut
22 Temporary bolt
23 Auxiliary bolt
24 Reinforcing bar locking hardware
25, 83 Reinforcing bar support hardware
31 Insert nut
32 recess
33 Sim
51 Upper streaks
52 Lower streak
53 Reinforcing bar
61 Weir frame
62 Insulation
63 PC block
71 lattice rebar
72 Column reinforcement
73 pile reinforcement
81 body
82 Groove part B Crushed stone G Ground P Support plate V Vent

Claims (3)

Prepare a shank plate with multiple bolt holes, and fix the upper end of the anchor bolt to the shank plate, and attach a support block to the lower end of each anchor bolt. Place the support block and place slab concrete on the part surrounded by the slab on the outer periphery of the building, and at least the part of the slab to cast the concrete to the height of the lower surface of the slab A solid foundation construction method characterized by this. Prepare a shank plate with a plurality of bolt holes, fix the upper end of the anchor bolt to this shank plate, and prepare a support block with a recess on the upper surface corresponding to the lower end of each anchor bolt. The support block is placed on the ground surface corresponding to, and the lower end of each anchor bolt is inserted into the recess so that the support plate is supported by the support block, and then surrounded by the outer periphery of the building. A solid foundation construction method characterized in that slab concrete is cast on a portion to be rubbed, and at least a portion of the shank plate is cast to at least the height of the lower surface of the shank plate. 3. The solid foundation construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a support plate is laid in advance on a ground surface on which the support block is placed.

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