JP3826882B2 - Human orthosis - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is particularly effective as a correcting human body prosthesis for a clubfoot, and the other human body protecting member is perpendicular to the adjacent direction with respect to one of the human body protecting members adjacent in the vertical direction. The present invention relates to a human body prosthesis configured to be rotatable around an axis in a certain direction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A clubfoot (a clubfoot) means that the foot is bent inward, the sole of the foot faces inward, the ankle cannot be controlled, and the toe side of the foot (hereinafter referred to as the toe) Because it is drooping, it refers to a disorder of the walking function that makes it easy to crawl by walking on the ground when walking.
And, in order to avoid crawls during walking as described above, it is common to correct the toes upward so that the toes do not hang downwards. Various types of braces have been proposed in the past. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the state (indicated by the solid line) where the foot is positioned in parallel to the horizontal direction orthogonal to the leg in a posture parallel to the vertical direction is defined as a normal state. The case where the foot is lifted upward as shown by the phantom line (two-dot chain line) around the center is called dorsiflexion, and the case where the foot is lowered downward from the normal state is called bottom flexion.
In the conventional human body prosthesis, for example, the lower human body protection member is configured to be rotatable with respect to the upper human body protection member adjacent in the vertical direction, and a predetermined angle (for example, 45 degrees) from the normal state to the dorsiflexion side. The lower human body protection member is set so as to be rotatable only between the two so that it does not buckle from the normal state, but can do dorsiflexion.
[0003]
When walking on a level ground using a conventional human body accessory, the leg is slightly tilted forward immediately before the leg on the healthy side is stepped on and the leg on the human body protection member side is lifted (FIG. 6 ( b))), when the lower human protective member rotating to the dorsiflexion side lifts up and returns to the normal state with the weight of the foot, and the toe is hanging downward Compared to this, it is possible to reduce whispering. However, when walking on a downward slope, it is necessary to rotate the foot side (lower side) human body protection member to the buckling side with respect to the leg side (upper side) human body protection member. Cannot be performed, resulting in unstable walking in a forward leaning posture, which makes it difficult to walk in a state close to nature. In addition, although the lower human body protecting member on which the foot is placed and supported can be dorsiflexed by landing the foot when walking on the uphill slope, the foot is lifted when the dorsiflexed foot is lifted. In some cases, the lower human body protection member returns to the horizontal posture with the weight, and the feet are in contact with the sloping ground. In addition, it is possible to walk downhill slopes by changing to a configuration with a rotation angle that allows bottom buckling on downhill slopes, but it is not possible to walk from downhill grounds to horizontal and uphill slopes in that configuration. Therefore, it was very difficult to handle.
[0004]
Therefore, the inventor of the present application has already proposed a human body prosthesis capable of walking in a state close to nature without limiting bottom flexion or dorsiflexion. This consists of a sole plate for placing and supporting a part or all of the sole of the foot and a leg protection plate for protecting a part or all of the leg. Rotation load setting means for setting the rotation load for the rotation direction to be larger than the rotation load for the other rotation direction is provided to constitute a human body prosthesis, and when walking using this human body prosthesis, the bottom plate is landed Rotating the sole plate so that the bottom surface of the sole plate is parallel to the ground due to the load applied when the foot plate is lifted, and when lifting the sole plate, the sole plate and the leg protection plate can be maintained just before the lift. Is.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
International Publication No. 02/39934 Pamphlet
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the human body prosthesis disclosed in Patent Document 1, the force for maintaining the posture of the sole plate after rotating the bottom plate so that its bottom surface is parallel to the ground varies depending on the difference in the weight of the individual foot applied to the human body prosthesis. Therefore, not only the rotation load for one rotation direction of the sole plate configured to be rotatable, that is, the rotation load for maintaining the bottom plate in a posture in which the bottom surface thereof is parallel to the ground must be individually set individually. Once the rotational load is set, it cannot be changed when it is desired to change the rotational load due to physical condition or the like, which is very difficult to handle.
In addition, when the rotational load is set by a friction member or the like, the friction member wears with the use of the human body prosthesis. Therefore, depending on the person, the rotational load is greatly reduced from the predetermined load at an early stage. It could be difficult and there was room for improvement.
[0007]
In view of the above-mentioned situation, the present invention intends to solve the problem that not only the bottom flexion and the dorsiflexion are not restricted, but the walking in a state close to nature can be performed over a long period of time, as well as the individual and physical condition. It is in providing a human body prosthesis that can adjust the rotational load by the above.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-described problem, the human body prosthesis of the present invention is a human body prosthesis in which the other human body protection member is configured to be rotatable with respect to one of the human body protection members adjacent in the vertical direction. The brace is provided with a rotation load setting means for setting a rotation load with respect to one rotation direction of the human body protecting member configured to be rotatable to be larger than a rotation load with respect to the other rotation direction, and is set by the rotation load setting means. Provided with a changing means capable of changing the magnitude of the rotating load,An inner end provided with a bottomed cylindrical outer member provided with a flange that is open at one end side and is fixed to the one human body protection member at the open end, and is provided with a flange that is fixed to the other human body protection member The outer cylindrical member is screwed and fixed to the outer member while being inserted from the open end side thereof, and is formed to protrude inward at the center of the bottom plate portion located on the outer side of the outer member. The rotation load setting means is fitted on a rotation shaft portion, the changing means gives a frictional force that becomes a rotation load with respect to the rotation of the one human body protection member, and the outer surface of the rotation load setting means A friction member disposed in a space formed between the inner surface of the cylindrical member of the outer side member and the inner surface of the cylindrical member of the inner side member for pushing the friction member into the space. A pressing member screwed into the threaded portion, and the space is The inner side of the rubbing member is configured to be narrower toward the inner side, and the friction member is moved in the space by rotating the pressing member to increase or decrease the frictional force applied to the rotational load setting means. To configureIt is characterized by that.
  Therefore, by setting the rotational load on the buckling side larger than the rotational load on the dorsiflexion side by the rotational load setting means, when lifting the landed foot, the human body prosthesis is at the angle of the foot just before the lifting. It can be in the state of being held by. In addition, since a load to which a part of body weight is applied by landing a foot is converted into a rotational force that rotates the human body protection member, the human body protection member can be smoothly rotated even if the rotational load is set to be large. it can. In addition, since there is a changing means that can change the magnitude of the rotational load set by the rotational load setting means, the magnitude of the rotational load can be changed depending on the individual, physical condition, or when the rotational load decreases with use. Thus, the desired rotational load can be adjusted.
  When it is desired to increase the rotational load on the rotating human body protecting member, the friction member is pushed inward in the pushing direction by the pressing member. When it is desired to reduce the rotational load of the rotating human body protection member, the pressing member is operated to the side where the pressing force of the pressing member against the friction member is reduced.
[0009]
  A plurality of through-holes formed in the circumferential direction may be formed in the pressing member, and a locking member provided with a protruding portion that locks into the specific through-hole may be fixed to the human body protection member..
[0010]
The human body protection member is composed of a sole plate for placing and supporting a part or all of the sole of the foot and a leg protection plate for protecting a part or all of the leg, and these adjacent side ends are connected to the rotational load. The lower limb orthosis is configured by connecting through setting means.
[0011]
When walking using a human body protection member composed of the leg protection plate and the sole plate, the foot plate is rotated by the load applied when landing the sole plate so that the bottom surface thereof is parallel to the ground. It is preferable that the magnitude of the rotational load is set so that the sole plate and the leg protection plate are maintained in the state immediately before the sole plate is lifted when the sole plate is lifted.
By setting the rotational load as described above, it is possible not only to prevent the feet from coming into contact with the slope when lifting the feet, but also when landing the sole plate, it is added when landing The sole plate can be smoothly rotated by the load (a part of the body weight).
[0012]
The leg protection plate is composed of a crus rear cuff that protects the calf, and the rib portion on the rear surface of the sole plate and the Achilles tendon portion on the rear surface of the lower end of the crus rear cuff are open.
By configuring the ribs on the rear surface of the sole plate, which does not pose a problem in strength, and the Achilles tendon portion on the rear surface of the lower end of the crus rear cuff in an open type, it is possible not only to reduce the weight but also to make it easy to wear shoes. Can do. In addition, the flexibility of the sole plate and the lower leg cuff can be adjusted.
[0013]
By setting the rotational center of the lower leg cuff to be approximately the same height as the vertical position of the human physiological ankle joint axis, the rotational axis of the human foot joint axis and the rotational center of the lower leg cuff and the sole plate Since it can be made substantially the same, the ankle joint axis of the human body is easy to move.
[0014]
By forming the opening in the upper and lower middle part of the lower leg cuff, the weight can be further reduced and the flexibility can be improved.
[0015]
The human prosthesis is removed during walking by providing a fixing member for fixing the human body to the lower leg rear cuff or the sole plate across the left and right front ends of the lower leg rear cuff or the left and right upper ends of the sole plate. Can be avoided.
[0016]
By configuring the rotational load setting means with a one-way bearing provided on the rotation shaft portion of the human body protection member configured to be rotatable, the rotational load on one side (for example, the dorsiflexion side) can be eliminated as much as possible. The rotational load on the other side (for example, the plantar flexion side) can be set to such a size that the sole plate does not rotate with the weight of the foot placed on the sole plate.
[0017]
  When walking using a human body prosthesis configured to freely rotate a footplate that rests and supports part or all of the sole of the foot and a leg protection plate that protects part or all of the leg, The load applied when landing the sole plate is rotated so that the bottom surface of the sole plate is parallel to the ground, and when the sole plate is lifted, the sole plate and the leg protection plate are maintained just before being lifted. A one-way bearing is provided on the rotary shaft portion fixed to the leg protection plate,The leg protection plate is formed so as to protrude inward at the center of the bottom plate portion located on the outer side of the bottomed cylindrical outer member having a flange for fixing the rotating shaft portion to the sole plate. An inner cylindrical member having a flange for fixing to the outer member is screwed and fixed to the outer member while being inserted from the open end side thereof,The one-way bearingOutsideWhenBetween the cylindrical portion inner surface of the outer side memberForming a space, providing a friction member for entering the space and imparting frictional resistance to the one-way bearing;In order to push the friction member into the space, a pressing member that is screwed into a screw portion formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of the inner side member,Forming the space narrower toward the back so that the greater the amount of friction member entering the space, the greater the frictional resistance;By moving the friction member in the space by rotating the pressing member, the friction force to the one-way bearing is increased or decreased,As described above, the rotational load on one side (for example, the dorsiflexion side) can be eliminated as much as possible, and the sole plate is determined by the weight of the foot on which the rotational load on the other side (for example, the buckling side) is placed. Therefore, it is possible to perform walking in a more natural state without limiting bottom bending or dorsiflexion. In addition, the frictional resistance for preventing the rotation of the sole plate can be easily increased or decreased simply by changing the amount of the friction member entering the space.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 and 2 show a human body prosthesis according to the present invention. This human body prosthesis includes a crus rear surface cuff (leg protection plate) 1 that is curved in a substantially arc shape in plan view to protect the calf on the rear surface of the shin (curved to protrude rearward), and a foot (a part below the ankle). ) And a pair of left and right rising parts 2B and 2B rising from both left and right sides of the mounting part 2A. The two human body protection members 2 are the main constituent members, and the crus rear surface cuff 1 and the sole plate 2 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are connected so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis X. The two belts 3 and 4 shown in the figure enable the lower limbs below the knees to be fixed to the human body prosthesis. The belts 3 and 4 as the fixing members are each provided with a pair of hook-and-loop fasteners so that the tightening position can be adjusted steplessly. The belt may be omitted when the rear leg cuff 1 and the sole plate 2 itself have a holding force for holding the lower leg. One end of the one belt 3 is fixed to the front end on the lateral side of the crus rear surface cuff 1, and the other end (tip) of the belt 3 is passed through the front end on the other side of the crus rear surface cuff 1. A hole 1K is formed. The belt 3 is provided with a folded portion 3A that is folded in two at the tip, and the belt 3 can be easily removed by grasping the folded portion 3A. In addition, 5 shown in the figure is a soft pad that is detachably attached to the rear surface of the belt 3 and receives the shin of the foot, but may be omitted. Further, one end of the other belt 4 is fixed to the front upper portion on the lateral one side of the sole plate 2 and the other end of the other belt 4 on the front upper portion on the other side of the sole plate 2 ( A hole 2K through which the tip is passed is formed. The human body orthosis of the present invention is a short leg brace composed of a crus rear cuff 1 and a sole plate 2, and the lower end of the thigh front cuff is connected to the upper end of the crus rear cuff 1 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. It may be a long leg brace (not shown), or may be a knee brace (not shown) consisting of a front thigh cuff and a back posterior cuff, and the shape and specific configuration of the human prosthesis can be freely changed. . It can also be carried out by attaching a non-slip sheet member to the bottom surface (lower surface) of the sole plate 2.
[0019]
The crus rear cuff 1 and the sole plate 2 are configured by mixing various synthetic resins such as polyethylene and other synthetic rubbers and other parts of these various synthetic resins so as to have flexibility, While being able to reduce weight, there is no deformation or deterioration due to fatigue after long-term use, and it can absorb the torsional load received from the body during walking well and when the load is not acting There is an advantage that it can be restored to its original shape, but it can also be made of a material other than a synthetic resin.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 2, the Achilles tendon portion 1A on the rear surface of the lower end of the crus rear surface cuff 1 and the rib portion 2C on the rear surface of the sole plate 2 are configured to be open, thereby reducing the weight of the entire human body prosthesis. In addition, it is possible to make it easy to wear shoes, and also to adjust the flexibility of the crus back cuff 1 and the sole plate 2. In the figure, shoes are omitted. 1B and 1B shown in the drawing are a pair of left and right openings formed along the vertical direction in the rear side portion of the crus rear surface cuff 2 so that the weight of the entire human body orthosis can be further reduced. However, the number and size of the openings can be freely changed, and in some cases, the openings can be formed without forming the openings.
[0021]
A support structure for rotatably supporting the left and right sides of the lower end of the lower leg cuff 1 and the left and right sides of the upper end of the sole plate 2 will be described. Since the left and right support structures are the same, only one will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a circular opening 1C is formed on both the left and right sides of the lower end of the crus rear surface cuff 1, and a metal (synthetic) is provided with a flange 6A from the outside at a substantially central position in the insertion direction. Any material may be used as long as it is rigid such as resin), and the flange 6A and the lower leg cuff 1 are fixed by a plurality of screws B1. In addition, a circular opening 2D is formed at the upper end of the sole plate 2, and one end side is opened from the inside to the opening 2D, and a flange 7A is provided at the open end, and the other end side is closed. An outer side member 7 made of metal (any material such as synthetic resin may be used) is inserted, and the flange 7A and the sole plate 2 are fixed from the outside by a plurality of screws B2. is doing. Then, an annular one-way bearing 8 serving as a rotational load setting means is externally fitted to a circular rotary shaft portion 7C formed to protrude inwardly at the center of the bottom plate portion located outside the outer side member 7. In the state where the outer cylindrical portion located outside is inserted into the space (gap) between the outer surface of the one-way bearing 8 and the cylindrical portion inner surface of the outer member 7 with the flange 6A of the inner cylindrical member 6 interposed therebetween. The screw portion 6N formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical portion of the inner cylindrical member 6 is screwed into the screw portion 7N formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of the side member 7 so that the members 6 and 7 are integrated. A metal cylindrical member 9 that is externally fitted so as to rotate integrally and a plastic cylindrical member 10 that is externally fitted so as to rotate integrally therewith are disposed inside the inner cylindrical member 6. The outer surface 10A of the cylindrical member 10 Rotation of the inner cylindrical member 6 to which the one human body protecting member 1 is attached in a space S (second space S2 in the figure) formed between the inner cylindrical member 6 and the inner surface 6B of the cylindrical portion. Cylindrical, cross-sectional shape made of silicone (which can be applied with certain force, such as synthetic resin or rubber) to apply frictional force that is a rotational load against Is arranged in a rectangular shape (in the figure, it may be a rectangle but may be a square, or any shape such as a triangle or a trapezoid), and the sole plate 2 is bent down as described later. Space so that the rotational load with respect to the plantar flexion direction A2 (see FIG. 5) can be set to a size that can be maintained in the state immediately before lifting the sole plate 2 and the lower leg cuff 1 when the sole plate 2 is lifted. The size of S2 and It has set the size of the friction member 11. After the two members 6 and 7 are screwed and integrated, they can be easily and quickly assembled by screwing and fixing them to the rear lower leg cuff 1 and the sole plate 2 with screws B1 and B2, respectively.
[0022]
The space S includes a first space S1 in which the distance between the outer surface 10A of the cylindrical member 10 and the cylindrical portion inner surface 6B of the inner cylindrical member 6 is the same in the inner and outer directions (rotational axis direction). In order to push the friction member 11 into the second space S2 side, the second space S2 becomes narrower from the outer end in the rotation axis direction of the space S1 toward the outer side in the rotation axis direction of the friction member 11. The screw portion 12A formed on the outer surface of the pressing member 12 made of metal (any material such as synthetic resin and rubber may be used as long as the friction member 11 can be pressed) is a flange of the inner cylindrical member 6 The pressing member 12 is provided by screwing the screw portion 6n formed on the inner surface of the inner cylindrical portion located on the inner side in the rotational axis direction with the 6A in between, and the pressing member 12 is rotated to operate the friction. The member 11 is moved in the space S It makes it possible to increase or decrease the frictional force to the one-way bearing 8, so that it is possible to change the magnitude of the rotation load of the one body protecting member 2. Therefore, the changing means capable of changing the magnitude of the rotational load of the human body protecting member 2 set by the one-way bearing 8 which is the rotational load setting means from the friction member 11, the pressing member 12, and the second space S2. Is configured. Here, the inner surface of the cylindrical portion outside the inner cylindrical member 6 is formed in a substantially horizontal plane from the inner end to the center in the direction of the rotation axis, and the outer end side from the center to the outer end in the direction of the rotation axis. The outer surface of the cylindrical member 10 is formed on an inclined surface positioned inward in the radial direction. For example, the outer surface of the cylindrical member 10 from the center in the rotation axis direction to the outer end is closer to the outer end side. It can also be formed on a tapered surface located radially outward of the cylindrical member 10. 13 shown in the figure is a disk-like stopper member for preventing the one-way bearing 8 and the cylindrical members 9 and 10 fitted on the rotating shaft portion 7C from moving greatly inward in the direction of the rotating shaft. The screw 14 is fixed to the rotary shaft 7C on the rotary shaft Y different from the rotary shaft X by the screw 14 so that the screw 14 is not loosened by the rotation of the human body protection member. Reference numeral 15 shown in the figure is a ring member arranged between the friction member 11 and the pressing member 12 so that a large frictional force is not generated between them, and 16 is a human body protection by its own weight or the like. A protrusion that locks in a specific through hole 12A among a plurality of through holes 12A formed in the circumferential direction in the pressing member 12 so that the member 1 does not rotate unexpectedly with respect to the other human body protecting member 2. This is a locking member provided with a portion 16A, and the base end portion is fixed to the human body protection member 2 with a screw B3.
[0023]
Therefore, by providing the one-way bearing 8, the rotational load in one rotational direction, that is, the dorsiflexion direction A1 (see FIG. 5) in which the sole plate 2 is dorsiflexed can be brought to 0 or close to zero. And when the sole plate 2 is lifted by the rotational load with respect to the other rotational direction, that is, the plantar flexion side direction A2 (see FIG. 5) for causing the sole plate 2 to bend, the sole plate 2 and the crus rear cuff 1 immediately before lifting. The size can be set so as to maintain the state. When the friction member 11 is worn with use and the rotational load becomes smaller than the initial rotational load, that is, when the sole plate 2 is lifted, the sole plate 2 and the lower leg cuff 1 are lifted. When it is not possible to maintain the previous state or when it is desired to adjust the rotational load according to physical condition or personal preference, the friction member 11 enters the first space S1 side (back side) by rotating the pressing member 12. Thus, the frictional resistance can be increased depending on the physical condition and the preference of the person, or the rotational load that has become smaller than the initial setting due to use can be returned to the original rotational load. In order to perform smooth walking as described above, it is optimal to set the rotational load to a size that can maintain the state immediately before lifting the sole plate 2 and the crus rear cuff 1 when the sole plate 2 is lifted. However, when the sole plate 2 is lifted, it can be maintained in a state immediately before the sole plate 2 and the crus rear surface cuff 1 are lifted. The rotational load may be set to a size that can be rotated so as to be parallel or along the ground surface (ground), and the rotational load may be set to any size. Further, here, the one-way bearing 8 is used as the rotational load setting means, but it is carried out using various bearings or friction mechanisms capable of making the rotational load in one direction larger than the rotational load in the other direction. You can also.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 1, the rotation center X of the crus rear cuff 1 is set to the same height as the vertical height position H of the human physiological ankle joint axis (also referred to as the thigh joint axis). It is set at a position that intersects the vertical line shown, that is, at a substantially central position in the front-rear direction. In this way, it is optimal to set the rotation center X of the crus rear surface cuff 1 as shown in the figure, but it may be set to a slightly shifted position.
[0025]
FIG. 5 shows an allowable rotation range of the human body protecting member 2 when walking with the human body accessory. In this case, from the state where the ankle joint is 0 degree and the state where the foot B and the leg A are almost 90 degrees (shown by a solid line), the sole plate 2 is about 20 degrees (angle range of C1) to the plantar flexion side. The angle can be rotated 45 degrees to the dorsiflexion side (angle range of D1), but this allowable rotation range can be freely changed. The rotation allowable range can be changed by the screwing depth when the outer side member 7 and the inner side cylindrical member 6 are screwed and integrated. By using it, you may enable it to change a rotation permissible range at any time after manufacturing a human body orthosis.
[0026]
A case will be described in which the human body prosthesis configured as described above is mounted on the affected part side and walked. First, when walking on a flat road where the ground is horizontal, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the left foot on the healthy side is changed from the state in which the left foot on the healthy side and the right foot with the human body orthosis are aligned in a side view. When one step is taken, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the leg A of the right foot on the side of the prosthesis is inclined by 15 degrees (angle E1 in FIG. 6 (b)). At this time, since the rotational load on the dorsiflexion side is 0 or close to 0, the lower leg rear surface cuff 1 can be smoothly rotated to the angle of the leg A. Subsequently, when the right foot on the side of the prosthesis is lifted from the ground to take one step, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), the posture immediately before the lifting is performed (the leg A of the right foot is tilted 15 degrees forward from the vertical posture). The right foot can be moved while maintaining the posture), and the toe of the right foot does not fall forward and get caught on the ground. When the right foot lifted from the ground is landed on the ground, the sole plate 2 is rotated 15 degrees (an angle E2 in FIG. 6D) by the load applied from the foot when the right foot is landed, The posture of the sole plate 2 is changed so that the bottom surface thereof is parallel to the ground.
[0027]
Next, the case of walking on an uphill (uphill slope) will be described. As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the left foot on the healthy side and the right foot on which the human body orthosis is worn are aligned in a side view. Fig. 7 (b) shows that when the left foot on the healthy side is stepped from an inclined posture in which the leg is inclined 15 degrees forward from the vertical posture (angle F1 in Fig. 7 (a)) with respect to any foot. As described above, the leg A of the right foot on the prosthetic device side is further inclined 15 degrees from the forward inclined position to be inclined forward 30 degrees (angle F2 in FIG. 7B). At this time, since the rotational load on the dorsiflexion side is 0 or close to 0, the rear lower leg cuff 1 can be rotated smoothly to match the angle of the leg A. Subsequently, when the right foot on the prosthesis side is lifted from the ground to take one step, as shown in FIG. 7 (c), the posture immediately before the lifting is performed (the posture in which the leg A of the right foot is tilted 30 degrees forward). The right foot can be moved while being held, and the toe of the right foot does not fall forward and get caught on the ground. Then, when the right foot lifted from the ground is landed on the ground, the sole plate 2 is rotated by 30 degrees (an angle of F3 in FIG. 7 (d)) by the load applied from the foot when the right foot is landed, The posture of the sole plate 2 is changed so that the bottom surface thereof is parallel to the ground.
[0028]
Finally, the case of walking downhill will be described. As shown in FIG. 8 (a), the left foot on the healthy side and the right foot with the human body orthosis are aligned in side view. In contrast, when the left foot on the healthy side is stepped on from the inclined posture in which the leg is inclined 15 degrees backward from the vertical posture (angle G1 in FIG. 8 (a)), as shown in FIG. 8 (b). The leg A of the right foot on the orthosis side tilts forward from the backward tilted posture, and becomes a vertical posture with respect to the ground. At this time, since the rotational load on the dorsiflexion side is 0 or close to 0, the rear lower leg cuff 1 can be rotated smoothly to match the angle of the leg A. Subsequently, when the right foot on the prosthesis side is lifted from the ground to take one step, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), the posture immediately before the lifting is performed (the posture in which the leg A of the right foot is perpendicular to the ground). The left foot can be moved while holding the foot, so that the tip of the right foot does not fall forward and the foot tip is caught on the ground. Then, when the right foot lifted from the ground is landed on the ground, the sole plate 2 is rotated 30 degrees (angle G2 in FIG. 8D) by the load applied from the foot when the right foot is landed, The posture of the sole plate 2 is changed so that the bottom surface thereof is parallel to the ground.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
  According to the first aspect of the present invention, by setting the rotational load on the buckling side larger than the rotational load on the dorsiflexion side by the rotational load setting means, when the landing foot is lifted, Since it can be held at the angle of the foot with a human prosthesis, not only does the foot tip face downward and the foot tip does not get caught on the ground, but also the dorsiflexion side Can be rotated lightly and smoothly. In addition, since a load to which a part of body weight is applied by landing a foot is converted into a rotational force that rotates the human body protection member, the human body protection member is smoothly rotated even when the rotation load is set to be large. It is possible to perform a buckling that was considered impossible. Therefore, in addition to horizontal land, as well as slopes (up and down), as well as walking from horizontal to slope or walking from slope to horizontal (such as changing road surface conditions) It is possible to provide a human body prosthesis capable of walking in a state close to nature while smoothly performing dorsiflexion and dorsiflexion. In addition, since there is a changing means that can change the magnitude of the rotational load set by the rotational load setting means, the magnitude of the rotational load can be changed depending on the individual, physical condition, or when the rotational load decreases with use. Thus, it is possible to adjust to a desired rotational load, and it becomes unnecessary to manufacture various kinds of human body assistive devices as in the prior art, which is not only advantageous in terms of cost but also good and convenient over a long period of time. It is possible to provide a human body prosthesis that is advantageous both in terms of durability and use.
  Also, a friction member for applying a frictional force as a rotational load with respect to the rotation of one human body protection member, and a space for forming this friction member between the one human body protection member and the other human body protection member The number of parts can be reduced compared to the case where a complicated brake mechanism is provided by configuring the changing means so that the space becomes narrower toward the back in the pushing direction of the friction member. This is advantageous in terms of assembly work and cost.
[0031]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the sole plate is rotated by the load applied when the sole plate is landed so that the bottom surface of the sole plate is parallel to the ground, and the sole plate and the leg protection plate are By setting the size of the rotational load to maintain the state just before lifting, not only can you avoid hitting the feet with the slope when lifting the feet, but also landing the sole plate Therefore, the sole plate can be smoothly rotated by the load (a part of the body weight) applied when landing, so that it can be configured as a human body prosthesis that is easier to handle.
[0032]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the weight by configuring the rib portion on the rear surface of the sole plate, which does not pose a problem in strength, and the Achilles tendon portion on the rear surface of the lower end portion of the crus rear surface cuff in an open type. In addition, shoes can be made easier to wear. In addition, the flexibility of the sole plate and the back cuff of the lower leg can be adjusted, and a human body prosthesis corresponding to the patient can be configured.
[0033]
According to the invention of claim 6, by setting the rotation center of the lower leg cuff to be substantially the same height as the vertical position of the human physiological ankle joint axis, the rotation center of the human ankle joint axis and the lower leg cuff And the center of rotation of the sole plate can be made substantially the same, so that the ankle joint axis of the human body can move easily, and a human body prosthesis can be configured that is easier to handle.
[0034]
According to the invention of claim 7, by forming an opening in the upper and lower middle part of the lower leg cuff, the weight can be further reduced and the flexibility can be improved. An optimal human body prosthesis can be constructed.
[0035]
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, by providing a fixing member for fixing the human body to the lower leg rear cuff or the sole plate across the left and right front ends of the lower leg rear cuff or the left and right upper ends of the sole plate, There is an advantage that it is possible to avoid that the human body prosthesis is detached and to walk well.
[0036]
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the rotational load setting means is configured by the one-way bearing provided on the rotation shaft portion of the human body protection member that is configured to be rotatable, so that the rotational load on one side (for example, the dorsiflexion side) is reduced. It can be eliminated as much as possible, the rotational load on the other side (for example, plantar flexion side) can be set to a size that does not rotate the sole plate due to the weight of the foot placed on the sole plate, An even more natural (smooth) walk can be performed.
[0037]
According to the tenth aspect, the rotational load on one side (for example, the dorsiflexion side) can be eliminated as much as possible, and the rotational load on the other side (for example, the buckling side) can be reduced. Because it can be set to such a size that the sole plate does not rotate, the human body prosthesis can be walked in a more natural state without restricting plantar and dorsiflexion. Can be provided. Moreover, since the change means which can change the magnitude | size of the rotation load set by the rotation load setting means similarly to Claim 1 is provided, when the rotation load falls according to individual or physical condition or use, etc. The size of the load can be changed and adjusted to the desired rotational load, which not only eliminates the need to manufacture many types of human body orthosis as in the past, but also makes it good and convenient over a long period of time. It is possible to provide a human body prosthesis that is advantageous in both durable and usable surfaces that can be used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a human body prosthesis.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a human body prosthesis.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing various components for rotatably supporting a crus rear cuff and a sole plate.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a support structure for rotatably supporting a crus rear cuff and a sole plate.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a rotation allowable range of the human body accessory.
FIGS. 6A and 6B show a case where the human body prosthesis of the present invention walks on a flat road, FIG. 6A shows a state where both feet are aligned, FIG. 6B shows a state where the left foot is stepped one step, and FIG. Indicates a state immediately before the right foot is stepped on and landing, and (d) indicates a state where the stepped right foot has landed.
FIGS. 7A and 7B show a case where the human body orthosis of the present invention walks uphill, FIG. 7A shows a state where both feet are aligned, FIG. 7B shows a state where the left foot is stepped one step, and FIG. Indicates a state immediately before the right foot is stepped on and landing, and (d) indicates a state where the stepped right foot has landed.
FIG. 8 shows a case of walking downhill with the human body orthosis according to the present invention, (a) shows a state in which both feet are aligned, (b) shows a state in which the left foot is stepped on, (c) Indicates a state immediately before the right foot is stepped on and landing, and (d) indicates a state where the stepped right foot has landed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Lower leg cuff (leg protection plate, human body protection member)
1A Overhang part
1B Achilles tendon 1C Opening
1K opening
2 sole plate (human body protection member)
2A placement part 2B start-up part
2C rib part 2D opening
2K opening 3,4 belt
5 Soft pad 6 Cylindrical member on the inner side
6A Flange 6B Cylindrical part inner surface
6n thread
7 Outer side member 7A Flange
7B Concave part 7C Rotating shaft part
7D Protruding part 7N Screw part
8 One-way bearing (rotation load setting means)
9, 10 Cylindrical member 11 Friction member
12 Pressing member 12A Through hole
13 Stopper member
14 Screw 15 Ring member
16 Locking member 16A Protruding part
A leg B leg
B1, B2, B3 screw A1 dorsiflexion direction
A2 Bottom flexion direction
C1, D1 angle range E1, E2 angle
F1, F2, F3 angle G1, G2 angle
H position S space
S1 first space S2 second space
X Horizontal axis (rotation center) Y Rotation axis

Claims (10)

One of the human body protection members adjacent in the vertical direction, in a human body prosthesis configured to rotate the other human body protection member with respect to one of the human body protection members, one rotation of the rotatable human body protection member the rotational load setting means for setting larger than the rotational load rotational load on the direction to the other direction of rotation is provided, provided with changing means capable of changing the magnitude of the rotational load that is set by the rotational load setting means, one end An inner side provided with a bottomed cylindrical outer side member having a flange that is open at the open end and is fixed to the one human body protection member at the open end, and is fixed to the other human body protection member The side cylindrical member is screwed and fixed to the outer side member in a state of being inserted from the open end side thereof, and is formed to protrude inward at the center of the bottom plate portion located on the outer side of the outer side member. The rotation load setting means is fitted on a rotating shaft portion, the changing means applies a frictional force that becomes a rotation load to the rotation of the one human body protection member, and the outer surface of the rotation load setting means A friction member disposed in a space formed between the inner surface of the cylindrical member of the outer side member and the inner surface of the cylindrical member of the inner side member for pushing the friction member into the space. A pressing member that is screwed into the threaded portion, the space is configured to become narrower toward the back in the pressing direction of the friction member, and the friction member is moved in the space by rotating the pressing member. Accordingly, a human body prosthesis configured to increase or decrease the frictional force applied to the rotational load setting means . The human body according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of through holes formed in the circumferential direction are formed in the pressing member, and a locking member having a protruding portion that is locked to the specific through hole is fixed to the human body protecting member. Prosthesis. The human body protection member is composed of a sole plate for placing and supporting a part or all of the sole of the foot and a leg protection plate for protecting a part or all of the leg, and these adjacent side ends are connected to the rotational load. The human body prosthesis according to claim 1 or 2 , comprising a lower limb orthosis connected through setting means.   When walking using a human body protection member consisting of the leg protection plate and the sole plate, the foot plate is rotated by the load applied when landing the sole plate so that the bottom surface thereof is parallel to the ground. The human body orthosis according to claim 3, wherein the magnitude of the rotational load is set so as to maintain the sole plate and the leg protection plate immediately before the sole plate is lifted when the sole plate is lifted.   The leg protection plate is composed of a crus rear cuff for protecting a calf, and the rib part on the posterior surface of the sole plate and the Achilles tendon part on the rear surface of the lower end of the crus rear cuff are configured to be open. Or the human body prosthesis of 4.   6. The human body prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein the rotation center of the crus rear cuff is set at substantially the same height as the vertical position of the human physiological ankle joint axis.   The human body orthosis according to claim 5 or 6, wherein an opening is formed in an upper and lower middle part of the lower leg cuff.   The human body prosthesis according to claim 5, further comprising a fixing member for fixing the human body to the crus rear cuff or the sole plate across the left and right front ends of the crus rear cuff or the left and right upper ends of the sole plate.   The human body accessory according to claim 1, wherein the rotation load setting means is a one-way bearing provided on a rotation shaft portion of the human body protection member configured to be rotatable. When walking using a human body prosthesis configured to freely rotate a footplate that rests and supports part or all of the sole of the foot and a leg protection plate that protects part or all of the leg, The load applied when landing the sole plate is rotated so that the bottom surface of the sole plate is parallel to the ground, and when the sole plate is lifted, the sole plate and the leg protection plate are maintained in a state just before the lift. An outer side of a bottomed cylindrical outer member provided with a one-way bearing on a rotary shaft portion fixed to the leg protection plate and having a flange for fixing the rotary shaft portion to the sole plate A state in which an inner cylindrical member provided with a flange for fixing to the leg protection plate is inserted into the outer member from the open end side of the bottom plate portion located at the center of the bottom plate portion. fixed by screwing in, the one-way Bear phosphorus The outer surface and a space is formed between the cylindrical portion in the plane of the outer side member, wherein enters the space provided friction member for applying a frictional resistance to the one-way bearing, the friction member in the space And a pressing member screwed into a threaded portion formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of the inner side member, the frictional resistance increases as the amount of the frictional member entering the space increases. In this way, the space is made narrower toward the back side, and the friction member is moved in the space by rotating the pressing member to increase or decrease the friction force to the one-way bearing. Human prosthesis.

Images