JP3794589B1 - Sewage treatment equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
【課題】汚水中の難分解性有機物等を、上記汚水と粘土コロイド粒子を含む粘性土(粘土)とを混合し、汚水を処理する装置及び方法であって、処理操作が簡単で、ランニングコストも小さいものを提供することを目的とする。
【解決手段】粘土コロイド粒子を含む粘性土(粘土)を混合攪拌槽で一定の濃度に調整し、難分解性有機物を含む汚水と混合し、難分解性有機物を粘土コロイドに吸着させて、浮上分離槽で粘土粒子を分離させて処理水を得る。
上記粘性土(粘土)と上記汚水を混合した混合水を攪拌するための空気を供給し、上記浮上分離槽内の混合水を上記混合攪拌槽へ返送して、上記浮上分離槽内にスラリーゾーンを形成させて、粘土粒子を分離させて処理水を得る装置及び方法を提供する。
【選択図】 図１An apparatus and method for treating sewage by mixing the above-mentioned sewage and viscous soil (clay) containing clay colloidal particles with a hardly decomposable organic substance in the sewage, the treatment operation being simple, and the running cost It aims to provide a small one.
SOLUTION: clay clay containing clay colloid particles is adjusted to a certain concentration in a mixing and stirring tank, mixed with sewage containing persistent organic matter, adsorbed to the colloidal clay, and floated Treated water is obtained by separating clay particles in a separation tank.
Supply air for stirring the mixed water in which the clay soil (clay) and the sewage are mixed, return the mixed water in the floating separation tank to the mixing and stirring tank, and slurry zone in the floating separation tank And an apparatus and method for obtaining treated water by separating clay particles.
[Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、廃棄物最終処分場浸出水などの汚水に含まれる難分解性の有機物の指標となる高濃度なＣＯＤ（Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ Ｄｅｍａｎｄ）、色度成分等を粘土コロイド粒子の吸着力を利用して除去する汚水処理装置に関する。 The present invention utilizes the adsorptive power of clay colloidal particles such as high-concentration COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), chromaticity components, etc., which are indicators of persistent organic substances contained in sewage such as leachate at the final disposal site of waste. The present invention relates to a sewage treatment apparatus that removes water.
廃棄物最終処分場浸出水などの汚水には、腐植質が多く含まれている。腐植質とは、分子量数千から一万程度のフミン酸類やフルボ酸類等の難分解性有機物質である。これらを多く含む汚水はＣＯＤ濃度や色度が高く、未処理のまま放流することはできない。
処理方法としては分子量の多いフミン酸類は酸性凝集沈殿法、分子量の比較的小さいフルボ酸類は活性炭吸着処理等で処理が行われている。しかしこれらの水処理は高価であり、また複雑な操作を必要とする。
特に埋め立てが終了した最終処分場浸出水の処理においては、浸出水の処理のみが要求され、埋め立てが終了してからも１０〜２０年に渡っての処理が必要となる。また最終処分場が終了していることから無人の管理となり、構造が簡易で、かつ運転管理の容易な処理装置が要求される。
Sewage such as leachate from the final disposal site contains a lot of humic substances. Humic substances are persistent organic substances such as humic acids and fulvic acids having a molecular weight of several thousand to 10,000. Sewage containing a large amount of these has high COD concentration and chromaticity and cannot be discharged untreated.
As a treatment method, humic acids having a large molecular weight are treated by an acidic coagulation precipitation method, and fulvic acids having a relatively small molecular weight are treated by an activated carbon adsorption treatment or the like. However, these water treatments are expensive and require complicated operations.
In particular, in the treatment of the final disposal site leachate after completion of landfill, only the treatment of leachate is required, and treatment for 10 to 20 years is required even after landfill is completed. Further, since the final disposal site has been completed, unmanned management is required, and a processing device that is simple in structure and easy to operate is required.
埋め立てが終了した最終処分場からの浸出水においては、高分子のフミン酸類によるＣＯＤ比率が大きく、また浸出水の色度もフミン酸類が起因の茶褐色がほとんどである。埋め立てが終了した浸出水に含まれるＣＯＤを放流可能な水質までにするためには、フミン酸類を除去することでその目的の大部分は達成される。粘土コロイドは高分子のフミン酸類の吸着に優れ、比較的低分子のフルボ酸類については吸着効果が低い。浸出水の処理水水質に更に高度なＣＯＤ濃度の低減が求められる場合は、活性炭吸着処理を併用することが必要となる。
汚水中にある難分解性の高分子有機物を除去するためには多量の凝集剤等を使用し、その結果、多量の汚泥が発生する処理が必要であった。
また、これら水処理装置としては、上向流ろ過装置などが提案されている（特許文献１）。
In leachate from the final disposal site where landfill has been completed, the COD ratio due to high-molecular humic acids is large, and the color of leachate is mostly brown due to humic acids. Most of the purpose is achieved by removing the humic acids in order to obtain COD contained in the leachate that has been landfilled to a water quality that can be discharged. Clay colloid is excellent in adsorbing high-molecular humic acids, and has a low adsorption effect on relatively low-molecular fulvic acids. When the treatment water quality of leachate is required to further reduce COD concentration, it is necessary to use activated carbon adsorption treatment in combination.
In order to remove the hardly decomposable polymer organic matter in the sewage, a large amount of a flocculant or the like was used, and as a result, a treatment for generating a large amount of sludge was required.
Moreover, as these water treatment apparatuses, an upflow filter etc. are proposed (patent document 1).
通常、上記の腐植質や色度成分は酸性凝集沈殿処理に加えて、活性炭吸着処理による方法等が用いられている。しかし、酸性凝集沈殿処理は低ｐＨに調整後、高濃度の無機凝集剤の注入をし、更にｐＨを中性にさせることが必要であり、処理操作が複雑で、かつランニングコストも大きいという問題がある。 Usually, the above-mentioned humic substances and chromaticity components are used by an activated carbon adsorption treatment method in addition to the acidic coagulation precipitation treatment. However, acidic coagulation sedimentation treatment needs to be adjusted to low pH, then injected with a high concentration of inorganic coagulant, further neutralized pH, complicated treatment operation and high running cost There is.
また、粘土鉱物の吸着特性を利用した処理方法として土壌処理がある。この方法は土壌表層に散水等をして、汚水を土壌に浸み込ませて、土壌中の微生物による浄化や微生物で浄化できない高分子物質や無機イオンの吸着処理に適用されている。しかし吸着に関しては土壌中に僅かに含まれる微細粒子のみが関わることから処理効率が悪い。土壌処理の効率の悪い原因は土壌に含まれる粒子の大部分は粗大な粒子であり、粗大な粘土粒子はイオン交換能力、吸着力等に対しては不活性である。浄化に寄与するのは表面積が大きい微細な粘土コロイドのみである。この微細な粘土コロイドを水中に分散させ、汚水と水中内で接触させることにより効率のよい浄化が得られる。そのためには使用する粘質土(粘土)の量はSV（Ｓｌｕｄｇｅ Ｖｏｌｕｍｅ）濃度で３０〜５０％程度に調整をする必要がある。しかし粘土鉱物は比重が大きいため沈降し易い性質があると共に粘着力が大きいことから、常に装置内では閉塞し易いという問題がある。 In addition, there is a soil treatment as a treatment method using the adsorption characteristics of clay minerals. This method is applied to adsorption treatment of high-molecular substances and inorganic ions that cannot be purified by microorganisms in the soil or by irrigating the soil with water sprayed on the soil surface and soaking sewage into the soil. However, regarding the adsorption, only the fine particles contained in the soil are involved, so the processing efficiency is poor. The cause of the poor efficiency of soil treatment is that most of the particles contained in the soil are coarse particles, and the coarse clay particles are inactive with respect to ion exchange capacity, adsorption power and the like. Only fine clay colloids with a large surface area contribute to purification. Efficient purification can be obtained by dispersing this fine clay colloid in water and bringing it into contact with sewage in the water. For this purpose, the amount of clay soil (clay) to be used needs to be adjusted to about 30 to 50% in terms of SV (Slidege Volume) concentration. However, since clay minerals have a large specific gravity, they tend to settle and have a large adhesive force, so that there is a problem that they are always easily blocked in the apparatus.
また、粘土コロイドは水中にあることにより、汚水との接触効率が高く、短時間で吸着除去ができるが、水中の粘土コロイドは膨潤し、分散、浮遊しているため、混合水から処理水を分離し、除去する操作が難しい。そのため、粘土コロイドの優れた吸着特性を知りながら、水処理に応用できなかった。 In addition, since the clay colloid is in water, it has high contact efficiency with sewage and can be removed by adsorption in a short time, but the clay colloid in water swells, disperses, and floats, so treated water can be removed from the mixed water. Difficult to separate and remove. Therefore, knowing the excellent adsorption properties of clay colloid, it could not be applied to water treatment.
本発明は上記問題を解決するためのなされたものであって、粘土コロイドを含む粘質土のみにより、汚水と水中で混合させることにより、難分解性の有機物質を吸着除去することができるとともに、装置の構造は簡便で、運転管理も容易となる装置を提供する。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can adsorb and remove hardly decomposable organic substances by mixing them in sewage and water only with clay soil containing clay colloid. An apparatus that has a simple structure and facilitates operation management is provided.
上記課題を解決するため、一般に存在する粘質土(粘土)の土壌中から粗大粒子を除き、粘土コロイドを多く含む微細な粘土鉱物粒子のみを処理装置に投入し、水と混合攪拌をする。
装置は上記粘土と上記汚水を混合して攪拌する混合攪拌槽と粘土粒子を分離して処理水を得る浮上分離槽からなる処理槽を有する。
混合攪拌槽内には攪拌するための空気散気装置を取り付ける。混合攪拌槽と浮上分離槽との間には、仕切板を取り付け、仕切板の下部は混合攪拌槽から浮上分離槽へ混合水が流入できる開口を設ける。処理された水は浮上分離槽の上層にある処理水トラフから排水される。
混合攪拌槽から仕切板の開口を通って、SV濃度で30〜50％の混合水が浮上分離槽の処理水トラフに向かって上向流により流入する。浮上分離槽内では上昇する水流による流れと流れ内にある粘土粒子が沈降しようとする力がバランスし、スラリーゾーンが形成される。スラリーゾーンの界面から処理水は上向きの流れで処理水トラフから排水される。
懸濁物質はスラリーゾーン内を上昇する過程で粘土粒子に吸着される。スラリーゾーン帯が長ければ長いほど懸濁物質が多く吸着され、処理水は清浄になる。スラリーゾーンの界面と処理水トラフの間では傾斜した仕切板により、分離面積が大きくなっていることから処理水中に残存するコロイダルな懸濁物質は分離され、処理水中から除去され、清浄な処理水となって排水されることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, coarse particles are removed from the clay soil (clay) that is generally present, and only fine clay mineral particles containing a large amount of clay colloid are put into the treatment apparatus, and mixed and stirred with water.
The apparatus has a treatment tank composed of a mixing and stirring tank for mixing and stirring the clay and the sewage and a floating separation tank for separating the clay particles to obtain treated water.
An air diffuser for stirring is installed in the mixing and stirring tank. A partition plate is attached between the mixing and stirring tank and the floating separation tank, and an opening through which mixed water can flow from the mixing and stirring tank to the floating separation tank is provided at the lower part of the partition plate. The treated water is drained from the treated water trough in the upper layer of the floating separation tank.
From the mixing agitation tank, through the opening of the partition plate, 30 to 50% of the mixed water in SV concentration flows into the treated water trough of the floating separation tank by an upward flow. In the levitation separation tank, the flow caused by the rising water flow balances the force with which the clay particles in the flow attempt to settle, forming a slurry zone. The treated water is discharged from the treated water trough from the interface of the slurry zone in an upward flow.
Suspended material is adsorbed by the clay particles in the process of rising in the slurry zone. The longer the slurry zone zone, the more suspended material is adsorbed and the treated water becomes cleaner. Since the separation area is increased by an inclined partition plate between the interface of the slurry zone and the treated water trough, the colloidal suspended solids remaining in the treated water are separated, removed from the treated water, and cleaned treated water. It is characterized by being drained.
粘土コロイド粒子として用いられる粘土鉱物は水中で自然にくずれて膨潤し易く、静置したとき、比較的沈降分離がし易い粘土質の火山灰土（ローム）などが好適である。 The clay mineral used as the clay colloidal particles is preferably clayey volcanic ash soil (roam) which is easily broken down in water and easily swells, and is relatively easy to settle and separate when left standing.
スラリーゾーン帯を長くし、その上層の界面を上げるためには、仕切板下部からの流入水を多くする。そのために浮上分離槽内のスラリーゾーンから直接混合水を引き抜き、混合攪拌槽へ返送し循環させる。引き抜かれた混合水は別に設ける水位調整装置に送られ、ポンプ等により混合攪拌槽へ返送する。水位調整装置からの返送水が多くなるほど、仕切板下部からの流入水量が増加し、上向流が強まり、スラリーゾーン帯が長くなり、その上層の界面が上昇する。 In order to lengthen the slurry zone zone and raise the interface of the upper layer, the inflow water from the lower part of the partition plate is increased. For this purpose, the mixed water is drawn directly from the slurry zone in the floating separation tank, and returned to the mixing and stirring tank for circulation. The extracted mixed water is sent to a water level adjusting device provided separately, and returned to the mixing and stirring tank by a pump or the like. As the amount of water returned from the water level adjusting device increases, the amount of inflow water from the lower part of the partition plate increases, the upward flow becomes stronger, the slurry zone becomes longer, and the upper layer interface rises.
本発明によれば、凝集剤等の薬品を使わずに、粘土コロイドを含む粘土鉱物のみによって、難分解性な有機物を吸着除去することができる。また粘土コロイドは相当の濃度で調整されることから短時間で吸着除去ができる。
また、装置が簡易な構造であるため、簡単に扱うことができて、コストも安価である。
According to the present invention, it is possible to adsorb and remove difficult-to-decompose organic substances using only clay minerals containing clay colloids without using a chemical such as a flocculant. Further, since the clay colloid is adjusted at a considerable concentration, it can be adsorbed and removed in a short time.
Further, since the apparatus has a simple structure, it can be handled easily and the cost is low.
以下、本発明の実施例に係る汚水処理装置ついて、図を参照して説明する。
図１、図２に示すように、本実施例に係る汚水処理装置１は、処理槽２、仕切板３、処理水トラフ４、スラリー引抜管５、水位調整装置６、返送水ポンプ７、返送水配管８、汚水供給管９、散気装置１０、空気供給ブロワー１１、開口１２、処理水導出管１３から構成される。
また、処理槽２内を仕切板３により仕切ることにより、混合攪拌槽２ａ、浮上分離槽２ｂが形成される。
Hereinafter, a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sewage treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a treatment tank 2, a partition plate 3, a treated water trough 4, a slurry extraction pipe 5, a water level adjusting device 6, a return water pump 7, and a return water. It comprises a water pipe 8, a sewage supply pipe 9, an air diffuser 10, an air supply blower 11, an opening 12, and a treated water outlet pipe 13.
Further, by dividing the inside of the processing tank 2 by the partition plate 3, a mixing and stirring tank 2a and a floating separation tank 2b are formed.
混合攪拌槽２ａは、汚水供給管９より供給される汚水と、粘土コロイド粒子を含む粘質土(粘土)とが混合され、空気供給ブロワー１１により散気装置１０から供給される空気により攪拌される水槽である。粘質土(粘土)は運転前に水を張った水槽にあらかじめ投入し、攪拌をしておく。粘質土(粘土)の補給は水槽下部に一部沈降して堆積するため、水槽中の濃度を確認しながら補給をする。また処理槽は定期的に清掃し、下層に堆積する粘土を除去する。清掃頻度は堆積しやすい粗大粒子の混入によるが年に数回程度でよい。粘土コロイドの吸着除去の反応は短時間で行われるが、処理槽はＳＶ濃度の調整、攪拌効率、浮上分離槽容量の確保等から、混合攪拌槽２ａは、実際は必要容量より大きく作る必要があるためである。汚水は混合水濃度がＳＶ濃度で３０〜５０％で約１時間程度、混合攪拌する。汚水中の難分解性有機物(ＣＯＤ)や色度成分は１時間以内で吸着除去される。 In the mixing and stirring tank 2 a, sewage supplied from the sewage supply pipe 9 and clay soil (clay) containing clay colloid particles are mixed, and stirred by the air supplied from the air diffuser 10 by the air supply blower 11. It is a water tank. Put clay soil (clay) in a water tank filled with water before operation and stir. Since clay soil (clay) is replenished partially in the lower part of the water tank, it is replenished while checking the concentration in the water tank. Also, the treatment tank should be periodically cleaned to remove the clay deposited in the lower layer. The frequency of cleaning may be several times a year although it depends on the mixing of coarse particles that tend to accumulate. Although the reaction for removing clay colloid is performed in a short time, the mixing and stirring tank 2a needs to be made larger than the required capacity in order to adjust the SV concentration, stirring efficiency, and secure the floating separation tank capacity. Because. The sewage is mixed and stirred for about 1 hour when the mixed water concentration is 30 to 50% in terms of SV concentration. Refractory organic matter (COD) and chromaticity components in sewage are adsorbed and removed within one hour.
浮上分離槽２ｂは、混合攪拌槽２ａから仕切板３の下部より流入する混合水が処理水トラフ４へ上向流により排水される水槽である。
図３に示すように、浮上分離槽２ｂの中間付近には混合水の上向きの流れによりスラリーゾーンが形成され、界面が出現する。スラリーゾーンは、上昇しようとする水流の力と、粘土粒子に働く重力による沈降しようとする力とのバランスにより形成される。スラリーゾーンは、単位時間当たりに流入する混合水の水量が多いほど上向流量は大きくなり、スラリーゾーン帯も拡大する。スラリーゾーンでは、粘土粒子により懸濁物質が吸着され、スラリーゾーン上層部では上向きの水流により粘土粒子が浮上できる限界面で粘土粒子があるゾーンと粘土粒子が分離・除去された水との界面が出現する。またスラリーゾーンのＳＶ濃度は混合攪拌槽２ａのＳＶ濃度と等しい。
The floating separation tank 2 b is a water tank in which mixed water flowing from the lower part of the partition plate 3 from the mixing and stirring tank 2 a is drained to the treated water trough 4 by upward flow.
As shown in FIG. 3, a slurry zone is formed near the middle of the floating separation tank 2b by the upward flow of the mixed water, and an interface appears. The slurry zone is formed by a balance between the force of the water stream that is going to rise and the force that is going to settle due to gravity acting on the clay particles. In the slurry zone, the upward flow rate increases as the amount of mixed water flowing in per unit time increases, and the slurry zone zone also expands. In the slurry zone, suspended particles are adsorbed by the clay particles, and in the upper layer of the slurry zone, there is an interface between the zone where the clay particles exist and the water from which the clay particles are separated and removed at the limit surface where the clay particles can float by upward water flow. Appear. The SV concentration in the slurry zone is equal to the SV concentration in the mixing and stirring tank 2a.
処理水トラフ４は浮上分離槽２ｂ上層部にあり、上向してくる処理水を集水し、外部へ排水するために設けられている。
浮上分離槽２ｂで出現する界面から処理水トラフまでの空間では、処理水中に残存するピンフロックとなった懸濁物質が沈降分離をする。当該空間では沈降分離面積が大きくなっており、上向流速も小さいため、スラリーゾーン内で分離できなかった懸濁物質が沈降分離される。
The treated water trough 4 is located in the upper part of the floating separation tank 2b, and is provided for collecting the treated water that is directed upward and draining it to the outside.
In the space from the interface appearing in the levitation separation tank 2b to the treated water trough, the suspended matter that has become pin floc remaining in the treated water undergoes sedimentation separation. In this space, the sedimentation separation area is large and the upward flow velocity is small, so that suspended substances that could not be separated in the slurry zone are separated by sedimentation.
仕切板３は、混合攪拌槽２ａと浮上分離槽２ｂとを下部において開口１２を形成することで、両槽を連結させる。仕切板３は浮上分離槽２ｂの水平面が、下部より上部の方が徐々に広くなるように傾斜して設ける。仕切板３が斜めに取り付けられている理由は以下による。
（１）スラリーゾーンからでた処理水には懸濁物質が残存する。スラリーゾーンより上層部においては残存する懸濁物質を沈殿分離するための面積負荷を小さくするため、広い分離面積が必要となる。（２）浮上分離槽２ｂ底部は狭くなることから、スラリーゾーン中の粘土粒子が逆流し難くなり、粘土粒子の保持がし易くなる。（３）浮上分離槽２ｂ内に混合攪拌槽２ａ内にある散気装置１０からの空気は仕切板に沿って斜めに上昇するため、仕切板に近接して、散気管を設置しても浮上分離槽２ｂには巻き込まれない。（４）粘質土中に混入する粗大粒子は仕切板に沿って攪拌空気と共に上昇し、散気装置から、より遠方に運ばれるため、仕切板の下部では粗大粒子による閉塞が防止できる。
The partition plate 3 connects the two tanks by forming an opening 12 in the lower part of the mixing and stirring tank 2a and the floating separation tank 2b. The partition plate 3 is provided so that the horizontal surface of the floating separation tank 2b is inclined so that the upper part gradually becomes wider than the lower part. The reason why the partition plate 3 is attached obliquely is as follows.
(1) Suspended substances remain in the treated water discharged from the slurry zone. In the upper layer part from the slurry zone, a large separation area is required in order to reduce the area load for precipitation separation of the remaining suspended substances. (2) Since the bottom of the levitation separation tank 2b becomes narrow, the clay particles in the slurry zone are less likely to flow backward, and the clay particles are easily retained. (3) Since air from the diffuser 10 in the mixing and stirring tank 2a rises diagonally along the partition plate in the floating separation tank 2b, it floats even if a diffuser pipe is installed close to the partition plate It is not caught in the separation tank 2b. (4) Coarse particles mixed in the clay rise together with the stirring air along the partition plate and are carried further away from the air diffuser, so that blockage by the coarse particles can be prevented at the lower portion of the partition plate.
返送水ポンプ７は、浮上分離槽２ｂに取り付けられたスラリー引抜き管５から水位調整装置６に流入する混合水を混合攪拌槽２ａに返送する返送水量を調整する揚水ポンプである。 The return water pump 7 is a pump for adjusting the amount of return water for returning the mixed water flowing into the water level adjusting device 6 from the slurry extraction pipe 5 attached to the floating separation tank 2b to the mixing and stirring tank 2a.
空気供給ブロワー１１は、混合攪拌槽２ａに取り付けられた散気装置１０に攪拌空気を供給するブロワーである。 The air supply blower 11 is a blower that supplies stirring air to the air diffuser 10 attached to the mixing and stirring tank 2a.
汚水供給管９は、処理槽２の混合攪拌槽２ａに汚水を供給するための管であり、連続した供給を行う。 The sewage supply pipe 9 is a pipe for supplying sewage to the mixing and stirring tank 2a of the processing tank 2 and performs continuous supply.
散気装置１０は、空気供給ブロワー１１から供給される空気により混合攪拌槽２ａ内を攪拌するための管であり、攪拌空気は、混合攪拌槽２ａに粘質土(粘土)中、比重の大きい粗大粒子の沈降堆積を防止する。 The air diffuser 10 is a tube for stirring the inside of the mixing and stirring tank 2a with the air supplied from the air supply blower 11. The stirring air has a large specific gravity in the mixed stirring tank 2a in the clay soil (clay). Prevent sedimentation of coarse particles.
返送水管８は、水位調整装置からの返送水を混合攪拌槽２ａに返送する管である。 The return water pipe 8 is a pipe that returns the return water from the water level adjusting device to the mixing and stirring tank 2a.
処理水トラフ４は、浮上分離槽２ｂの上層で得られる上澄水を処理水として集水するために設ける。処理水トラフ４以降は、本汚水処理装置１外へ配管等で排水される。また。処理水トラフ４は浮上分離槽２ｂの側部全面に取り付けられる。 The treated water trough 4 is provided to collect the supernatant water obtained in the upper layer of the floating separation tank 2b as treated water. After the treated water trough 4, the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 is drained by piping or the like. Also. The treated water trough 4 is attached to the entire side surface of the floating separation tank 2b.
次に、本実施例に係る汚水処理装置による処理工程を説明する。
まず、処理水槽２に水を張る。空気供給ポンプ１１の連続運転で散気装置１０から空気攪拌を行う。あらかじめＳＶ濃度で３０〜５０％とする粘質土(粘土)を混合攪拌槽２ａに投入する。
Next, the treatment process by the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the treated water tank 2 is filled with water. Air agitation is performed from the air diffuser 10 by continuous operation of the air supply pump 11. A clay soil (clay) having an SV concentration of 30 to 50% in advance is put into the mixing and stirring tank 2a.
混合攪拌槽２ａ内のＳＶ濃度が所定の濃度であることを確認して、水位調整装置６にある返送水ポンプ７を運転し、返送水配管８から混合攪拌槽２ａに返送する。 After confirming that the SV concentration in the mixing agitation tank 2a is a predetermined concentration, the return water pump 7 in the water level adjusting device 6 is operated and returned to the mixing agitation tank 2a from the return water pipe 8.
返送水ポンプ７を運転することで仕切り板下部の開口１２から混合攪拌槽２ａ内の混合水が浮上分離槽２ｂに流入する。浮上分離槽２ｂ内は下層から混合水が流入することで上向流となる。この時、汚水はまだ受け入れないため処理水トラフ４への水流がないことから、浮上分離槽２ｂ内のスラリーゾーンは水位調整装置６への引抜き管５の位置となる。 By operating the return water pump 7, the mixed water in the mixing and stirring tank 2a flows into the floating separation tank 2b from the opening 12 below the partition plate. The floating separation tank 2b becomes an upward flow when mixed water flows from the lower layer. At this time, since the sewage is not yet received, there is no water flow to the treated water trough 4, so the slurry zone in the floating separation tank 2 b is the position of the extraction pipe 5 to the water level adjusting device 6.
混合攪拌槽２ａに汚水供給管９から定量の汚水を連続して供給する。処理水トラフ４への水流があることによって、浮上分離槽２ｂ内のスラリーゾーン上層の界面が上昇し、スラリーゾーン帯が処理水トラフ４へ向かって広がる。汚水の供給量が適切な量である場合、スラリーゾーン上層の界面と処理水トラフ４の間は混合水から分離された処理水となる。界面と処理水トラフ４の空間で処理水に残存する微細な懸濁物質は沈降除去がされ、清浄な処理水として処理水トラフ４に集水される。そして、処理水導出管１３から汚水処理装置１外へ導出される。
界面と処理水トラフ４の空間は懸濁物質の沈降除去に対して、処理水水質に影響する空間であることから、返送水ポンプ７の吐出量から返送水の水量を調整し、浮上分離槽２ｂ内への上向流となる循環水量を調整して、適切なスラリーゾーン上層の界面に設定する。
これにより、凝集剤等の薬品を使わずに、粘土コロイドを含む粘土鉱物のみによって、難分解性な有機物を吸着除去することができる。また粘土コロイドは相当の濃度で調整されることから短時間で吸着除去ができる。
また、装置が簡易な構造であるため、簡単に扱うことができて、コストも安価である。
A fixed amount of sewage is continuously supplied from the sewage supply pipe 9 to the mixing and stirring tank 2a. Due to the water flow to the treated water trough 4, the interface of the upper layer of the slurry zone in the floating separation tank 2 b rises, and the slurry zone zone spreads toward the treated water trough 4. When the supply amount of sewage is an appropriate amount, the treated water separated from the mixed water is formed between the interface of the upper layer of the slurry zone and the treated water trough 4. The fine suspended substances remaining in the treated water in the space between the interface and the treated water trough 4 are settled and removed and collected in the treated water trough 4 as clean treated water. And it is derived | led-out from the sewage treatment apparatus 1 from the treated water extraction pipe | tube 13. As shown in FIG.
The space between the interface and the treated water trough 4 is a space that affects the treated water quality with respect to sedimentation and removal of suspended solids. Therefore, the amount of returned water is adjusted from the discharge amount of the returned water pump 7, and the floating separation tank The amount of circulating water that becomes an upward flow into 2b is adjusted and set at the interface of an appropriate upper layer of the slurry zone.
Thereby, it is possible to adsorb and remove the hardly decomposable organic matter only with the clay mineral containing the clay colloid without using a chemical such as a flocculant. Also, since the clay colloid is adjusted at a considerable concentration, it can be adsorbed and removed in a short time.
Further, since the apparatus has a simple structure, it can be handled easily and the cost is low.
１・・・汚水処理装置、２・・・処理槽、２ａ・・・混合攪拌槽、２ｂ・・・浮上分離槽、３・・・仕切板、４・・・処理水トラフ、５・・・スラリー引抜管、６・・・水位調整装置、７・・・返送水ポンプ、８・・・返送水配管、９・・・汚水供給管、１０・・・散気装置、１１・・・空気供給ブロワー、１２・・・開口、１３・・・処理水導出管
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sewage treatment apparatus, 2 ... Treatment tank, 2a ... Mixing stirring tank, 2b ... Levitation separation tank, 3 ... Partition plate, 4 ... Treated water trough, 5 ... Slurry extraction pipe, 6 ... water level adjusting device, 7 ... return water pump, 8 ... return water pipe, 9 ... sewage supply pipe, 10 ... aeration device, 11 ... air supply Blower, 12 ... opening, 13 ... treated water outlet pipe
Claims (2)
上記粘質土と汚水を混合する混合攪拌槽と、混合水から粘土粒子を分離させる浮上分離槽からなり、
上記混合攪拌槽と上記浮上分離槽との間には、下部が開口となった仕切板を取り付け、
上記浮上分離槽上部に処理水トラフを設け、
上記浮上分離槽底部には、上記混合攪拌槽からの汚水と粘土の混合水を、上記開口を介して上向流で浮上分離槽へ流入させることで、上記浮上分離槽の中間部分に、沈降しようとする粘土粒子と上向きに流れる水流の力バランスから形成されるスラリーゾーンから汚水と粘土の混合水を引抜き、水位調整装置により、流量が調節され、上記混合攪拌槽へ循環させる返送水管を設け、
上記浮上分離槽中の粘土コロイドの吸着力により、汚水中から難分解性有機物を吸着・除去することにより処理された処理水を上記処理水トラフから得る、
ことを特徴とする汚水処理装置。 An apparatus for obtaining treated water by mixing and stirring clay water containing clay colloid and sewage containing hardly decomposable organic matter in water, separating clay particles from the mixed water,
A mixing and stirring tank for mixing the clay soil and sewage, and a floating separation tank for separating clay particles from the mixed water,
A partition plate having an opening at the bottom is attached between the mixing and stirring tank and the floating separation tank.
A treated water trough is provided at the top of the floating separation tank,
At the bottom of the levitation separation tank, the mixed water of sewage and clay from the mixing and stirring tank flows into the levitation separation tank in an upward flow through the opening, and settles in the middle part of the levitation separation tank. A return water pipe is provided to draw the mixed water of sewage and clay from the slurry zone formed from the force balance between the clay particles to be flowed and the upward flowing water flow, and the flow rate is adjusted by the water level adjustment device and circulated to the mixing and stirring tank. ,
Obtaining treated water from the treated water trough by adsorbing / removing hardly decomposable organic substances from the sewage by the adsorptive power of clay colloid in the floating separation tank ,
A sewage treatment apparatus characterized by that.
請求項１記載の汚水処理装置。 The partition plate is provided with an inclination so that the upper part of the floating separation tank is wider than the lower part, and the wide part of the upper part increases the separation area to increase the separation efficiency of the suspended solids remaining in the treated water, The narrow part at the bottom makes it difficult for clay particles to flow backward from the slurry zone.
The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1 .
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