JP3782084B2 - Damping structure of structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure damping structure.

  Damping structures control vibrations generated in structures due to earthquakes and winds, and are broadly divided into passive methods and active methods.

  In the passive method, as shown in FIG. 10, when the building 120 is shaken, the pendulum 122 tuned to the shaking period of the building 120 causes a resonance phenomenon and shakes, and the vibration energy of the building 120 is absorbed by this shaking. (So-called TMD: Tuned Mass Damper).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, an additional mass 126 is placed on the roof of the building 124 so as to be relatively movable, and the additional mass 126 is connected to the building 124 via a damper 128 to add to the weight of the building 124. In some cases, the optimum damping force of the damper 128 is tuned from the ratio of the mass 126 to the weight, and the damping force is positively added to the building 124 to suppress resonance vibration.

  On the other hand, in the active method, as shown in FIG. 12, the additional mass 126 placed on the roof of the building 124 so as to be relatively movable is actuated by an actuator 130 using hydraulic pressure or the like to control the shaking of the building 124. (So-called AMD: Active Mass Damper).

  That is, the sensor 132 detects the input seismic motion, the sensor 134 detects the shaking of the building 124, and outputs a signal to the control device 136. Here, the control device 136 calculates an optimal control force for damping the building 124 based on the output signals from the sensors 132 and 134. Then, the actuator 130 is driven to move the additional mass 126, and the reaction force suppresses the shaking of the building 124.

  As described above, any conventional damping structure needs to separately arrange an additional mass having a constant weight (usually about 1% of the weight of the building and about 3% at the maximum) at the top of the building. was there. For this reason, the total weight of the building has increased, and accordingly, the design strength of the structural member has to be increased, leading to an increase in building cost.

  In addition, because the size of the added mass is limited, the current TMD type vibration control devices are mainly used for countermeasures against normal winds. However, if the specifications are for earthquakes, the TMD type device will be large. Pass.

  Furthermore, the building vibrates in a higher-order mode by swinging back, but there is a limit to vibration control in the conventional method of controlling vibration only on the top floor.

  In view of such facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure damping structure capable of efficiently controlling shaking due to an earthquake or wind without increasing the total weight of the structure.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, rubber spheres are arranged on the floor of each level of the structure, and the rubber spheres support the additional mass in a state of being compressed and deformed so as to be relatively displaceable with the vibration of the structure. Yes. An elastic spring is provided between the periphery of the additional mass and the pillar of the structure to hold the additional mass at the set position.

  That is, when a structure shakes during strong winds or earthquakes, the added mass moves by inertial force at each level of the structure, causing a difference in relative shake with the structure (producing a phase difference) and suppressing vibration.

  As described above, in the method of absorbing vibration energy in each layer unit and damping the entire structure, no additional mass is required at the top of the structure, so the weight of the entire structure does not increase. Further, since vibration energy is absorbed in each layer, the design of the structural member becomes easy, and the design strength of the structural member can be equivalent to that of a normal structure (a structure that is not a vibration-damping structure).

  Further, when the additional mass is relatively displaced, the rubber sphere is elastically deformed by the surface friction force between the additional mass and the floor portion. When the deformation is within the elastic deformation range, the vibration of the floor portion is swayed by the vibration isolating function. And vibration is not transmitted to the added mass.

  In addition, when the seismic force is large and the relative displacement between the additional mass and the floor exceeds the elastic deformation range of the rubber sphere, rolling starts. At this time, the rubber sphere crushed by compressive deformation exhibits a damping force because the inside undergoes shear deformation during rotation.

  Furthermore, by arranging the holding plate, it becomes easy to lay and arrange the rubber spheres, and when the additional mass vibrates up and down, the rubber spheres will not jump and be displaced. Further, the position of the additional mass can be held by the restoring force of the elastic spring 36.

  In addition, the structure vibrates in a higher mode during an earthquake or the like, but the vibration of the structure can be efficiently controlled by absorbing vibration energy at each level.

  In the second aspect of the invention, instead of the elastic spring of the first aspect, the additional mass is suspended by a suspension material. This suspension material functions as a gravity spring and maintains the position of the additional mass.

  In the invention described in claim 3, by providing a damping device between the additional mass and the structure, a large damping force can be given to the additional mass together with the rubber sphere.

  The damping device includes a first arm having one end rotatably attached to the structure and a second arm having one end rotatably attached to the additional mass. Then, the free ends of the first arm and the second arm are rotatably connected by the connecting shaft so that the angle between the axis of the first arm and the second arm or the extension line of these axes is an acute angle, It constitutes a toggle mechanism.

  In this way, by making the angle of intersection of the first arm and the second arm acute, even if the structure and the additional mass are small and relatively deformed horizontally or vertically due to an earthquake or the like, they are amplified to a large deformation and connected shafts. Moves in a large arc. That is, as compared with the case where the intersection angle between the first arm and the second arm is an obtuse angle, the connection shaft moves remarkably geometrically by making the intersection angle an acute angle. For this reason, the relationship of small deformation × large force = large deformation × small force is established, and a damping force that suppresses vibration of the structure can be generated with a small frictional force of the connecting shaft.

  Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is possible to efficiently control shaking due to an earthquake or wind without increasing the total weight of the structure.

  1 to 3 show a high-rise building 10 in which the structure damping structure according to the first embodiment is used.

  This high-rise building 10 is provided with a fifth-floor room space with a pillar 14 as a structural member raised from the foundation ground and a slab 18 installed on the pillar 14. Each room is provided with a double flooring 16. This double flooring 16 constitutes a double flooring structure, and its plate thickness is thicker than that of the slab 18 and has a weight as an additional mass.

  A holding plate 42 is placed on the slab 18. As shown in FIG. 5, the holding plate 42 is a plate material formed of hard plastic, lightweight concrete, PC plate or the like, and is designed to have a thickness that does not contact the double flooring 16.

  In addition, the holding plate 42 is formed with a circular holding portion 44 that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces at a predetermined interval. The inner diameter of the holding portion 44 is larger than the outer diameter when a sphere 14 described later is compressed and deformed, and the sphere 14 is surrounded in a non-contact state. Thus, when the sphere 14 starts to roll, it comes into contact with the holding portion 44 for the first time.

  The holding portion 44 accommodates a sphere 46 formed of a material having damping performance (high damping rubber, natural rubber, viscoelastic body, etc.). On the sphere 46, a heavy double flooring 16 such as a concrete board is placed. Thereby, the spherical body 46 receives a compressive load, compresses and deforms into an elliptical shape, and comes into contact with the slab 18 and the double flooring 16 at the surface.

  Further, the periphery of the double flooring 16 is connected to the column 14 by an elastic spring 36, and the set position of the double flooring 16 is held by the restoring force of the elastic spring 36.

  Next, the function of the structure damping structure according to the first embodiment will be described.

  In the state shown in FIG. 2, when the slab 18 moves leftward due to an earthquake or the like, the sphere 46 is elastically deformed by the surface friction force between the slab 18 and the double flooring 16 as shown in FIG. When the relative movement amount with respect to the double flooring 16 is within the elastic deformation range of the sphere 46, the vibration and vibration of the slab 18 are not transmitted to the double flooring 16 due to the vibration isolation function.

  Further, when the seismic force is large and the relative movement amount between the slab 18 and the double flooring 16 exceeds the elastic deformation range of the sphere 46, as shown in FIG. Along with this, the sphere 46 starts to roll in the right direction between the slab 18 and the double flooring 16.

  At this time, the sphere 46 that has been crushed by compressive deformation exhibits a damping force because the inside undergoes shear deformation during rotation, and also the frictional resistance between the slab 18 and the double flooring 16 when the rotator rolls simultaneously. Since it acts as a damping force, a high damping effect is exhibited by these combinations.

  On the other hand, even if the slab 18 vibrates in the vertical direction, the sphere 46 is shear-deformed and the vibration is attenuated. Further, in this embodiment, by arranging the holding plate 42, the work of arranging the spheres 46 becomes easy, and when the double flooring 16 vibrates up and down, the spheres 46 will not jump and be displaced. .

  In the present embodiment, the position of the double flooring 16 is held by the restoring force of the elastic spring 36. However, as shown in FIG. You may make it return. In this embodiment, the double flooring 16 functions as an additional mass.

  Next, the function of the structure damping structure according to the second embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the second embodiment, since the sphere 46 is arranged at the center of the double flooring 16, the mounting block 24 of the attenuation device 12 described later partially dents the wall of the high-rise building 10. The mounting block 32 is fixed to the end of the double flooring 16 and is fixed on the exposed and exposed beam 50.

  Here, the attenuation device 12 will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the attenuation device 12 includes a first arm 22. One end of the first arm 22 is rotatably connected to a shaft body 26 erected from a mounting block 24 fixed to the beam 50. Further, the first arm 22 projects in parallel with the beam 50, and the free end is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 28.

  A free end portion of the second arm 30 projecting in parallel with the beam 50 is rotatably connected to the connection shaft 28, and an intersection angle drawn by the axis line of the first arm 22 and the axis line of the second arm 30 is an acute angle. The first arm 22 and the second arm 30 constitute a toggle mechanism. Further, one end of the second arm 30 is rotatably connected to a shaft body 34 suspended from a mounting block 32 fixed to the double flooring 16.

  In the damping device 12, a small displacement of the shaft bodies 26 and 34 is amplified to a large displacement of the connecting shaft 28, and a relationship of small displacement × large force = large displacement × small force is established. Then, the vibration of the double flooring 16 is attenuated by the frictional force generated at the connecting shaft 28 portion.

  Thus, by supporting the double flooring 16 with the sphere 46, the double flooring 16 is not required to have much strength. Further, a large damping force can be applied to the double flooring 16 by the sphere 46 and the damping device 12.

It is a front sectional view of a high-rise building in which the structure damping structure according to the first embodiment is used. It is an expanded sectional view of the living room where the vibration damping structure of the structure concerning a 1st form was used. It is an expanded sectional view of the living room where the vibration damping structure of the structure concerning a 1st form was used. It is an expanded sectional view of the living room where the vibration damping structure of the structure concerning a 1st form was used. It is a top view which shows the holding | maintenance board of the damping structure of the structure which concerns on a 1st form. It is a front sectional view showing a modification of a high-rise building in which the structure damping structure according to the first embodiment is used. It is a front sectional view of a high-rise building in which the structure damping structure according to the second embodiment is used. It is a perspective view of the damping device used with the vibration damping structure of the structure concerning a 2nd form. It is a top view of the damping device used with the damping structure of the structure concerning a 2nd form. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional damping structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional damping structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional damping structure.

Explanation of symbols

12 Attenuator
16 Double flooring (flooring, additional mass)
36 Elastic spring
42 Holding plate
46 Sphere (Rubber Sphere)
48 Hanging material

Claims (3)

In the damping structure of the structure that suppresses the vibration of the structure by an additional mass that is arranged on the floor portion of each hierarchy and is deformed relative to the structure by an external force acting on the structure in which a plurality of levels are constructed.
A rubber sphere that is arranged on the floor and supports the additional mass in a compressed and deformed state; a holding plate that surrounds the rubber sphere in a non-contact state and contacts when the rubber sphere begins to roll;
An elastic spring provided between the periphery of the additional mass and the pillar of the structure, and holding the additional mass in a set position;
A structure damping structure characterized by comprising: In the damping structure of the structure that suppresses the vibration of the structure by an additional mass that is arranged on the floor portion of each hierarchy and is deformed relative to the structure by an external force acting on the structure in which a plurality of levels are constructed.
A rubber sphere that is arranged on the floor and supports the additional mass in a compressed and deformed state; a holding plate that surrounds the rubber sphere in a non-contact state and contacts when the rubber sphere begins to roll;
A suspension material for suspending the additional mass;
A structure damping structure characterized by comprising: In the damping structure of the structure that suppresses the vibration of the structure by an additional mass that is arranged on the floor portion of each hierarchy and is deformed relative to the structure by an external force acting on the structure in which a plurality of levels are constructed.
A rubber sphere that is arranged on the floor and supports the additional mass in a compressed and deformed state; a holding plate that surrounds the rubber sphere in a non-contact state and contacts when the rubber sphere begins to roll;
An elastic spring provided between the periphery of the additional mass and the pillar of the structure, and holding the additional mass in a set position;
A suspension material for suspending the additional mass;
A damping device provided between the additional mass and the structure,
The damping device includes: a first arm having one end rotatably attached to the structure; a second arm having one end rotatably attached to the additional mass; and the first arm and the second arm. And a connecting shaft that rotatably connects the respective free ends to generate a frictional force so that the angle at which the axes or the extension lines of these axes intersect is an acute angle. .

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