JP3778693B2 - Organic matter processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an organic matter processing apparatus, and more particularly to an organic matter processing apparatus for decomposing organic matter such as straw (raw garbage) with microorganisms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this kind of organic matter processing apparatus, there is a treatment tank for storing an organic matter to be treated together with a carrier, a lid that covers the treatment vessel with an opening that can be opened and closed, and a treatment body. A heating unit for heating the organic matter and the carrier in the tank, an exhaust unit having an exhaust port for discharging the air in the treatment tank, and a rotation unit disposed rotatably in the treatment tank. A stirrer for stirring together, a drive unit having a rotary body for rotationally driving the stirrer, a detection unit for detecting a pulse of a predetermined rotation cycle of the rotary body of the drive unit, and the detection unit And a control unit that determines the rotation lock state of the agitator based on the pulse detected by the above.
[0003]
In such an organic matter processing apparatus, when the drive unit is based on a motor drive system through a plurality of stages of gears, a magnet is attached to a rotating body that decelerates from the motor to the stirring body, an intermediate gear, A system that detects the rotation period of the intermediate gear with a reed switch and detects the rotation lock state of the stirrer due to the solidification of the organic matter and the carrier in the treatment tank with or without the periodic pulse. Yes.
[0004]
In such a system, since a lock detection signal is output every rotation cycle of the intermediate gear, the detection signal is not output when the stirrer is locked and the rotation of the stirrer is stopped. Is to do.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since various kinds of firewood are put into the treatment tank, large garbage such as “swords” pieces and “west rice cake” spats may be mixed. In such a case, if the rotation of the stirrer is hindered due to these large garbage, the stirrer does not stop completely (completely locked) but pulsates at almost the same position and gradually returns. Semi-locking may occur.
[0006]
When such a half-lock occurs when the magnet comes to a position almost opposite to the reed switch, a lock detection signal is output a plurality of times continuously during one rotation period of the intermediate gear. Then, in the conventional method in which the state where the detection signal is not output is detected as the rotation lock of the stirring member, the state where the stirring member is pulsating is not detected as the lock. For this reason, the rotation ON signal is continuously sent from the control unit to the stirrer, and it is possible to control safety ensuring operations such as stirring stop and lock avoiding operation (operation of rotating the stirrer in the reverse direction). There was a problem that it was not possible.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and its main problem is to control various safety ensuring operations by detecting not only a complete lock but also a half-lock state, and driving It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic matter processing apparatus capable of reducing the load on the unit and reducing excessive power consumption.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, there is a processing tank for containing an organic matter to be treated and for storing the organic matter together with a carrier, a lid that can open and close the charging port of the processing tank, an organic matter in the processing tank, and A heating unit for heating the carrier, an exhaust unit for discharging the air in the processing tank, a stirring body rotatably disposed in the processing tank, and stirring the organic matter in the tank with the carrier; A drive unit having a rotating body for rotationally driving the stirrer, a rotation detecting unit for detecting a rotation pulse during a predetermined rotation period of the rotating body of the drive unit, and the rotation detecting unit And a controller that determines the rotation lock state of the stirring body based on the detected pulse, and the controller further controls the drive unit when a pulse from the rotation detector is detected a plurality of times during a predetermined rotation period. Instructed to stop driving Organic matter processing apparatus is provided.
[0009]
The treatment tank stores organic matter such as soot to be treated together with a carrier for microorganisms for decomposing organic matter, and has an inlet. Here, as the carrier, for example, a wood strip such as sawdust is preferably used. The lid body covers the charging port of the treatment tank so as to be openable and closable, and is preferably configured to turn on / off the power of the apparatus in conjunction with the opening / closing operation.
[0010]
The heating unit includes, for example, a heater mounted on the outer surface of the bottom of the processing tank and a power source for energizing the heater. The organic matter in the treatment tank heated by the heating unit is mainly decomposed into moisture and carbon dioxide by the activation of microorganisms (particularly aerobic microorganisms) held on the carrier. The exhaust unit includes, for example, an exhaust port and an exhaust fan, and exhausts air in the processing tank, thereby discharging moisture and carbon dioxide in the tank and promoting organic matter decomposition by microorganisms.
[0011]
The stirrer includes, for example, a stirring shaft disposed so as to penetrate the opposing side wall of the processing tank and a plurality of stirring blades provided on the stirring shaft. When comprised in this way, an agitating blade stirs the organic substance in a tank with a support | carrier with rotation of a stirring shaft. This agitation promotes the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms. The rotation speed and rotation mode (forward rotation, reverse rotation, stop, etc.) of the stirrer are appropriately set depending on the size of the treatment tank, the amount of organic matter to be charged, and the like.
[0012]
The stirrer is rotationally driven by, for example, a rotating body of a driving unit including a driving motor, such as a gear or a rotating disk. The rotation detection unit detects a pulse of rotation during a predetermined rotation period of the rotating body of the driving unit. Here, the predetermined rotation period is a predetermined time obtained from the rotation speed of the rotating body, and is, for example, about several seconds.
[0013]
The control unit is electrically connected to the rotation detection unit, and determines the rotation lock state of the stirrer based on the pulse detected by the rotation detection unit. That is, for example, when the detection pulse is obtained once during a predetermined rotation cycle, the control unit determines that the rotating body and thus the stirring body is rotating normally. (Locked) state.
[0014]
The control unit further instructs the drive unit to stop driving when a pulse from the rotation detection unit is detected a plurality of times during a predetermined rotation period. That is, when the detection pulse is obtained a plurality of times during a predetermined rotation period, the control unit determines that the stirrer is in a half-locked state, and instructs the drive unit, for example, a drive motor to stop driving.
[0015]
The control unit performs such control not only when the stirrer is in a fully locked state but also when it is in a semi-locked state, thereby stopping the stirrer, thereby stopping stirring and avoiding lock This is for controlling the safety ensuring operation such as reducing the load applied to the drive unit and saving extra power consumption.
[0016]
For example, the rotation detecting unit preferably includes a magnetic body attached to the surface of the rotating body and a reed switch provided in the vicinity of the rotating body and turned ON / OFF by the rotation of the magnetic body. When the rotation detection unit includes such a magnetic body and a reed switch, it is possible to reliably detect pulses with a simple configuration.
[0017]
The control unit preferably has a function of instructing the stirrer to rotate in the direction opposite to that before the drive stop after instructing the drive unit to stop the drive. When the control unit has such a function, the agitator may rotate in a direction opposite to that before the stop of driving, thereby releasing the complete lock or the half lock of the agitator.
[0018]
The organic matter processing apparatus according to the present invention further includes a notifying unit for notifying the rotation lock state of the stirring body to the outside, and when the control unit instructs the driving unit to stop driving for a predetermined number of times, It is more preferable to instruct notification.
[0019]
In the organic matter processing apparatus configured as described above, when the control unit instructs the drive unit to stop driving, for example, five times in succession, the notification unit notifies the rotation lock state of the stirring body to the outside. To do. Then, the user of this device inspects the treatment tank and removes the cause of the lock-such as a piece of "芋" or "Saijo", or removes organic matter or carrier from the treatment tank. It will be possible to take appropriate measures for resolution.
[0020]
Here, as an example of an alerting | reporting part, there exist a visual alerting | reporting part which lights an LED lamp, an auditory alerting | reporting part which sounds an alarm buzzer, and those provided with both.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited thereby.
[0022]
1-4 which show the organic substance processing apparatus D which concerns on one embodiment, 1 is the process tank opened upwards, and this is comprised from the upper process tank 2 and the lower process tank 3. As shown in FIG. The processing tank 1 contains a carrier 4 for holding microorganisms made of wood chips such as sawdust, and is filled with organic matter such as straw (raw garbage) to be processed.
[0023]
Reference numeral 5 denotes a planar heater as a part of the heating unit, which is mounted on the outer surface of the processing tank 1 corresponding to the carrier 4 and the deposit of organic matter in the processing tank 1. The heater 5 is controlled by a thermistor (not shown) so as to maintain the organic matter and the carrier in the treatment tank 1 within the optimum temperature range of microorganism activity.
[0024]
6 is a heat insulating material covering the heater 5, which is made of glass wool or the like. The heat insulating material 6 prevents the heat of the heater 5 from escaping to the outside. Reference numeral 7 denotes a discharge port formed at the bottom of the lower treatment tank 3, and the organic substance and the carrier are discharged from the discharge port 7.
[0025]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a suction port formed in the upper part of the upper processing tank 2. The suction port 8 communicates with an intake port (not shown) provided in a lower case 9 described later via an air flow path formed between the outer surface of the processing tank 1 and a main body case described later. .
[0026]
Reference numeral 9 denotes a plastic lower case on which the treatment tank 1 is placed. The lower case 9 and the upper case 32 described later constitute a main body case. Reference numerals 10 denote leg portions formed on both sides of the lower case 9. The leg portion 10 forms a gap between the bottom surface of the lower case 9 and the installation surface of the organic matter processing apparatus D. A drive motor 12 described later is accommodated in one leg portion 10.
[0027]
Reference numeral 11 denotes a metal reinforcing plate attached to the outer surface on one side of the lower treatment tank 3. Reference numeral 12 denotes a drive motor which is a component of the drive unit of the organic matter processing apparatus D, which is attached to the reinforcing plate 11 in a state of being disposed inside one leg 10. The rotation of the motor 12 is decelerated by the decelerating mechanism 13 and transmitted to the agitator 14 described later.
[0028]
Reference numeral 14 denotes an agitator that is rotatably disposed in the treatment tank 1. The stirring body 14 penetrates the lower processing tank 3 and is rotatably supported by a bearing 15 (attached to the outer surface of the lower processing tank 3) so as to be rotatable, and is attached to the stirring shaft 16 substantially vertically. And a plurality of stirring blades 17 formed.
[0029]
Reference numeral 18 denotes a protruding portion formed in a part of the upper processing tank 2. The projecting portion 18 is formed in the vicinity of an inner wall of the upper case 32 described later, and the projecting portion 18 receives a pressing force from the outside to prevent the upper case 32 from being deformed by the pressing force. .
[0030]
Reference numeral 19 denotes a support plate attached to the upper processing tank 2 above the speed reduction mechanism unit 13, which is supported by support legs 20 formed on the projecting portion 18. Mounted on the support plate 19 are an exhaust fan 21 that forcibly exhausts the air in the processing tank 1 to the outside, and a control unit 22 that controls the exhaust fan 21, the heater 5, the motor 12, and the like. Reference numeral 23 denotes a rib provided on a part of the support plate 19. The rib 23 is in contact with a part of the cover 24 that covers the exhaust fan 21 and the control unit 22, and partitions the exhaust fan 21 and the control unit 22.
[0031]
An exhaust port 25 is provided above the processing tank 1 and communicates with the processing tank 1. The exhaust port 25 discharges the air in the processing tank 1 from here to the outside. A discharge port 26 is provided in the upper case 32 and communicates with the outside air. An exhaust passage 27 communicates with the exhaust port 25 and the exhaust port 26. The exhaust passage 27 is formed by the support plate 19, the cover 24, and the like. The exhaust fan 21 disposed in the exhaust passage 27 discharges the air in the processing tank 1 to the outside. Yes.
[0032]
A filter 28 is detachably mounted in the vicinity of the exhaust port 25. The filter 28 prevents inconvenience such as the powder of the carrier 4 that rises by the stirring of the stirring body 14 from adhering to the exhaust fan 21.
[0033]
Reference numeral 29 denotes a reduction intermediate gear as a rotating body which is a constituent element of the reduction mechanism unit 13. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the gear 29 is attached with a magnet 30 as a magnetic body on one rotating surface thereof. 31 is a reed switch provided in the vicinity of the gear 29 and is turned on / off by the rotation of the magnet 30 accompanying the rotation of the gear 29. The magnet 30 and the reed switch 31 constitute a rotation detection unit that detects a rotation pulse during a predetermined rotation period of the gear 29. Further, the control unit 22 determines the rotation lock state of the agitator based on the pulse detected by the rotation detection unit.
[0034]
Reference numeral 32 denotes an upper case that covers the treatment tank 1, and constitutes a main body case together with the lower case 9. An input port 33 is provided in the upper part of the upper case 32, and an opening edge thereof extends to the inside of the processing tank 1. A lid 34 is provided above the upper case 32 and covers the insertion port 33 so that it can be opened and closed. The open / closed state of the lid 34 is detected by a detection unit (not shown).
[0035]
Reference numeral 36 denotes a foamed resin sealing body mounted on the back surface of the lid 34. The sealing body 36 is in contact with the opening edge of the top inlet 32 of the upper case 32, so that bad odor in the processing tank 1 leaks to the outside from the inlet 33, and external insects pass from the inlet 33 to the processing tank. 1 is prevented from entering.
[0036]
Reference numeral 37 denotes a shutter that closes the discharge port 7 so that it can be opened and closed. Reference numeral 38 denotes a discharge path provided below the discharge port 7. An outlet 39 for taking out the carrier 4 in the processing tank 7 forward from the outlet 7 is provided in front of the discharge passage 38, so that the carrier 4 can be taken out easily. Reference numeral 40 denotes an exterior cover for closing the outlet 39 and is detachably attached to the shutter 37.
[0037]
The usage method in the organic substance processing apparatus D comprised in this way is demonstrated. First, the lid 34 is opened, and an organic substance such as soot is introduced into the treatment tank 1 from the inlet 33, and then the lid 34 is closed. The closing of the lid 34 is detected by a detection unit (not shown), and the control unit 22 energizes the heater 5, the motor 12, and the exhaust fan 21 based on the detection signal.
[0038]
When the heater 5 and the motor 12 are energized, the stirrer 14 rotates to mix the carrier 4 and the organic substance. Moreover, the temperature in the processing tank 1 is maintained in an optimum range for activating microorganisms and the like. Then, the organic matter is decomposed into moisture and carbon dioxide by the microorganisms cultured on the carrier 4 and composted.
[0039]
Further, when the exhaust fan 21 is energized, the humid air in the processing tank 1 is discharged to the outside, and the processing tank 1 is prevented from being overhumid. As the air in the processing tank 1 is discharged to the outside, outside air is taken into the main body case from the air inlet formed in the lower case 9. Then, oxygen necessary for activating microorganisms or the like is supplied to the treatment tank 1 from the suction port 8 formed in the treatment tank 1.
[0040]
Next, the control of the agitator 14 performed by the control unit 22 based on the pulses detected by the rotation detection unit including the magnet 30 and the reed switch 31 will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0041]
The agitator 14 is rotated by, for example, 5 to 6 rpm by the speed reduction mechanism unit 13. Further, the stirring member 14 is normally turned on under the control of the control unit 22 as one cycle of normal rotation for 1 minute, reverse rotation for 1 minute and stop for 30 minutes.
[0042]
In FIG. 7, when the stirrer 14 is turned on, the detection signal (pulse) from the rotation detection unit composed of the magnet 30 and the reed switch 31 is detected once every 4 seconds. ing. When such a detection signal is not detected at all for 6 seconds, it is determined that the stirring body 14 is in the locked state (completely locked), and the rotation of the stirring body 14 is turned off.
[0043]
In FIG. 8, when the stirring member 14 is turned on, if the detection signal from the rotation detection unit is detected a plurality of times (for example, four times) in 6 seconds, the stirring member 14 is in a locked state (half The rotation of the stirring member 14 is turned off.
[0044]
This will be described in more detail based on FIG. The organic substance processing apparatus D is installed, the power supply is turned on in S1, waits for a certain time to elapse in S2, and the carrier 4 and the organic substance in the treatment tank 1 are agitated by the agitator 14 in S3.
[0045]
Next, in S4, it is determined whether or not there is a pulse output (detection of detection signal) from the rotation detection unit within a predetermined time (the above 6 seconds). When there is a pulse output, it is determined in S5 whether the number of pulses P is 1 or less. If P is 1 or less, the process waits for a fixed time to elapse in S6, and the rotation of the stirring member 14 is stopped in S7.
[0046]
In S4, when there is no pulse output within a predetermined time, it is determined that the rotation speed (rpm) of the stirring member 14 is reduced and locking has occurred. Then, the number of locks N is set to N + 1 in S8, and lock detection-whether or not N is 5 or more is performed in S9.
[0047]
If N is 5 or more, the rotation of the stirring member 14 is stopped in S10. Next, in S11, the LED lamp is turned on by a visual notification unit (not shown).
[0048]
If P exceeds 1 in S5-if there is a continuous pulse output-the process proceeds to S8. If the predetermined time does not elapse in S6, the process proceeds to S4.
[0049]
If N is not 5 or more in S9, a lock avoiding operation is performed in S12. That is, after instructing the motor 12 to stop driving, the control unit 22 instructs the agitator 14 to rotate in the direction opposite to that before stopping the driving. By such a lock avoiding operation, there is a case where complete lock or half lock of the stirring member 14 can be eliminated.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
In the organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1, a treatment tank having an organic matter inlet to be treated and storing the organic matter together with a carrier, and a lid body that covers the inlet of the treatment tank so as to be openable and closable. A heating unit for heating the organic substance and the carrier in the treatment tank, an exhaust part for discharging the air in the treatment tank, and a rotatable arrangement in the treatment tank, and stirring the organic substance in the tank together with the carrier A stirrer for driving, a drive unit having a rotating body for rotationally driving the stirrer, a rotation detecting unit for detecting a pulse of rotation during a predetermined rotation period of the rotating body of the drive unit, And a control unit for determining the rotation lock state of the stirring member based on the pulse detected by the rotation detection unit, and the control unit further detects a pulse by the rotation detection unit a plurality of times during a predetermined rotation period. When the drive stops Characterized in that it instructs.
Therefore, not only when the stirrer is in a completely locked state but also when it is in a half-locked state, the driving of the stirrer is stopped, thereby controlling safety ensuring operations such as stopping stirring and avoiding the lock, It is possible to reduce the load applied to the drive unit and to reduce extra power consumption.
[0051]
3. The organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the rotation detection unit includes a magnetic body attached to the surface of the rotating body, and a reed switch that is provided in the vicinity of the rotating body and is turned on / off by the rotation of the magnetic body. And comprising. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect the pulse with a simple configuration, and the effect obtained by the organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1 can be ensured.
[0052]
In the organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 3, after the control unit instructs the drive unit to stop driving, the control unit is configured to instruct the stirring body to rotate in a direction opposite to that before the drive stop. . Therefore, in addition to the above-described effect produced by the organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, the stirring member can be completely locked or semi-locked by rotating in the direction opposite to that before stopping the driving. There is a case.
[0053]
In the organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a notification unit that notifies the rotation lock state of the stirrer to the outside, when the control unit has instructed the drive unit to stop driving a predetermined number of times, The notification unit is configured to instruct the notification. Therefore, in addition to the effect produced by the organic matter processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, when the control unit instructs the drive unit to stop driving for a predetermined number of times, the notification unit stirs. Since the rotation lock state of the body is notified to the outside, the user of this device should check the treatment tank to remove the cause of the lock, take out organic matter and carrier from the treatment tank, and take appropriate measures to unlock. It becomes possible to take.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the inside of an organic matter processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the front.
2 is an explanatory diagram of the inside of the organic matter processing apparatus of FIG. 1 as viewed from the right side. FIG.
3 is an explanatory diagram of the inside of the organic matter processing apparatus of FIG. 1 as viewed from the left side. FIG.
4 is a rear view of the organic matter processing apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a configuration explanatory view of a gear, a magnet, and a reed switch that are components of the organic matter processing apparatus of FIG. 1 as viewed from the left side.
6 is a structural explanatory view of the gear, magnet, and reed switch of FIG. 5 as viewed from the front.
7 is an explanatory diagram of one control content by a control unit in the organic matter processing apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of another control content by the control unit in the organic matter processing apparatus of FIG. 1;
9 is a flowchart of control contents by a control unit in the organic matter processing apparatus of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tank 2 Upper processing tank 3 Lower processing tank 4 Carrier 5 Heater (heating part)
12 Motor (drive unit)
13 Deceleration mechanism (drive unit)
14 Stirring body 16 Stirring shaft 17 Stirring blade 21 Exhaust fan (exhaust section)
22 Control part 25 Exhaust port (exhaust part)
26 Discharge port (exhaust part)
27 Exhaust flow path 29 Gear (Rotating body)
30 Magnet (rotation detector)
31 Reed switch (rotation detector)
33 Input 34 Lid

Claims (4)

A processing tank for containing an organic matter to be treated and containing the organic matter together with a carrier, a lid for covering the inlet of the treatment tank so as to be openable and closable, and for heating the organic matter and the carrier in the treatment tank. A heating unit, an exhaust unit for discharging the air in the processing tank, a stirring unit rotatably disposed in the processing tank and stirring the organic matter in the tank together with the carrier, and the stirring unit being driven to rotate A driving unit having a rotating body for performing rotation, a rotation detecting unit for detecting a rotation pulse during a predetermined rotation period of the rotating body of the driving unit, and stirring based on the pulse detected by the rotation detecting unit A control unit for determining the rotation lock state of the body,
The organic processing apparatus, wherein the control unit further instructs the drive unit to stop driving when a pulse from the rotation detection unit is detected a plurality of times during a predetermined rotation period. 2. The organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation detection unit includes a magnetic body attached to the surface of the rotating body, and a reed switch provided in the vicinity of the rotating body and turned on / off by the rotation of the magnetic body. . The organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit instructs the drive unit to stop driving, and then instructs the stirring body to rotate in a direction opposite to that before the stop of driving. An informing unit that informs the rotation lock state of the stirring body to the outside is further provided, and when the control unit instructs the driving unit to stop driving a predetermined number of times, the informing unit is instructed to perform the informing. The organic substance processing apparatus as described in any one of these.

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