JP3730896B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to a building in which an underfloor ventilation opening is provided on the periphery of a base portion of a building such as a unit building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an underfloor vent as shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 is known. In such a thing, the building foundation 2 on which this building main body 1 is mounted located in the downward direction of the building main body 1 is provided in the circumferential form along the outer periphery of this building main body 1. As shown in FIG.
[0003]
That is, on the upper surface 2 a of the building foundation 2, a floor portion 1 a and an outer wall portion 1 b of the building body 1 are placed, and a sash portion 1 c such as a door that can open and close the opening 3 is provided.
[0004]
The building foundation 2 is provided with a plurality of underfloor ventilation openings 4. A lid 5 having a plurality of ventilation slits or ventilation holes is attached to the underfloor ventilation port 4 to prevent entry of small animals such as dust or sharks.
[0005]
This underfloor ventilation port 4 must be provided with 300 square centimeters per outer wall length of 5 m according to the Building Standards Act, or 300 square centimeters per outer wall length of 4 m according to the public corporation standard.
[0006]
As shown in FIG. 9, in the case of having the opening 3 on one side such as the south side, a concrete exterior step 6 is disposed on the outdoor side of the opening 3.
[0007]
In the exterior step 6, a step portion 6 b composed of a plurality of step surfaces is formed, and an uppermost surface 6 a is connected to the lower side 3 a of the opening portion 3 so that a resident can easily enter and leave the opening portion 3. It is set to approximately the same height.
[0008]
Further, when used in an outer corridor 10 having a predetermined width W1 as in an apartment house 11 such as an apartment, as shown in FIGS. It is formed over substantially the entire width of step 6.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 9, when the ventilation port 4 cannot be formed over the entire length of the exterior step 6, many ventilation ports 4 are inevitably provided on the other side of the building body.
[0010]
Moreover, as shown in FIG.12 and FIG.13, the clearance gap d1 is formed between the upper surface 2a of the building foundation 2, and the lower surface 14a of the frame member 14 which comprises the lower part of the unit building main body 13, and underfloor ventilation is performed. Things are also known.
[0011]
In addition, what was described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2001-115560 etc. is also known as a building which provided the clearance gap on the other building foundation.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional buildings as shown in FIGS. 7 to 8, since the exterior step 6 is provided on one side such as the south side, it is difficult to secure a good underfloor ventilation passage for the south wind 7. Met.
[0013]
For this reason, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, it is necessary to increase the number of underfloor vents 4 and 4 provided in the north building foundation 8 or the like, or increase the area so as to satisfy each legal standard. There was a problem of not becoming.
[0014]
Further, in the conventional exterior step 9 as shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11, since the cylindrical through passage 12 is formed over substantially the entire width, the air resistance in the through passage 12 is large and the underfloor ventilation is provided. There was a possibility that a sufficient amount could not be secured. In addition, there is a problem that the through path 12 has to be provided in the exterior step 9 and the construction cost increases.
[0015]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, in the case where a gap d1 is formed between the upper surface 2a of the building foundation 2 and the lower surface 14a of the frame member 14 constituting the lower part of the unit building body 13, The position of the uppermost surface 6a of step 6 must be lowered from the position where the gap d1 is formed.
[0016]
Therefore, a step d2 obtained by adding the height of the gap d1 to the height of the frame member 14 is formed between the lower side 3a of the opening 3 and the uppermost surface 6a of the step 6, so that the barrier is free. I couldn't.
[0017]
In addition, since the height of the gap d1 is added to the height of the frame member 14 to determine the size of the step d2, if the gap d1 amount is set large in order to secure a desired underfloor ventilation amount, the straddle height is further increased. There was also a problem that the size would increase.
[0018]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a building in which a sufficient underfloor ventilation can be easily secured and the change in position or the like can be minimized at the underfloor vent on the building body side.
[0019]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an exterior step is provided on the outdoor side surface of the underfloor ventilation port formed in the building foundation, and the underfloor ventilation is provided on the uppermost surface of the exterior step. There is provided an opening of a ventilation circulation part that communicates with the mouth, and the opening is sealed by a grating lid supported by a leg member so as to be substantially flush with the uppermost surface of the exterior step, and the ventilation circulation The bottom surface of the unit is formed at a position lower than the underfloor ventilation opening of the building foundation, and the lower side opening edge of the building entrance / exit opening, the uppermost surface of the exterior step, and the grating lid are substantially flush with each other. It is a building characterized by being made .
[0020]
In the thing of Claim 1 comprised in this way, even if the said external structure step is provided in the outdoor side surface of the underfloor ventilation port formed in the building foundation, the ventilation distribution part opened at the uppermost surface Is communicated with the underfloor vent and the building floor is communicated with the outside.
[0021]
For this reason, outside air flows into and out of the building floor via the opening, the drainage groove , and the underfloor vent on the building body side, and a sufficient underfloor ventilation can be easily secured.
[0022]
Further, according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is easy to dispose the grating lid at a desired position by supporting the grating lid using the leg members. The level difference between the uppermost surface of the grating and the upper surface of the grating lid can be eliminated and the surfaces can be made flush.
[0023]
For this reason, the lower side opening edge of the building entrance / exit opening, the uppermost surface of the exterior step, and the grating lid are substantially flush with each other.
[0024]
Moreover, in the structure of Claim 1 comprised in this way, even when rainwater flows in into a ventilation distribution part from the grating lid | cover which became substantially flush with the uppermost surface, the bottom part of a ventilation distribution part is a building foundation. Therefore, rainwater is drained or evaporated without flowing into the building floor from the underfloor ventilation port formed on the building body side.
As a result, it is possible to easily finish the rain, and to improve the waterproofness of the outer step and the periphery of the entrance / exit opening.
[0025]
Thereby, the building which concerns on this invention can ensure sufficient underfloor ventilation easily, and can also make the change of a position etc. into the underfloor vent on the building main body side minimum.
[0026]
And what was described in Claim 2 is characterized by the building of Claim 1 in which the said ventilation distribution part is made into the drainage ditch along the said building foundation.
[0027]
In the thing of Claim 2 comprised in this way, since the said ventilation distribution part serves as the drainage ditch along the said building foundation, rain water does not accumulate, and it shall be good in drainage. I can .
[0028]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0029]
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated about the same or equivalent part as the said prior art example.
[0030]
First, in terms of configuration, in the building 16 of the first embodiment, the outdoor side of the underfloor ventilation port 17 formed between the upper surface 2a of the building foundation 2 of the building body 101 and the lower surface of the floor portion 1a and the outer wall 1c. An exterior step 16 is provided on the side surface.
[0031]
The underfloor ventilation port 17 of the first embodiment is equipped with a fender member 20 having a plurality of ventilation slits or ventilation holes to prevent invasion of small animals such as dust or hail.
[0032]
The exterior structure step 16 is formed so that the uppermost surface 16a is flush with the lower side opening edge 3a of the opening 3 of the entrance / exit, and a stepped portion 6b having a plurality of step surfaces is provided on the outdoor side edge. It has been.
[0033]
A drainage groove 18 as a ventilation circulation part is formed on the building base side upper edge 16c of the external structure step 16 so as to cut out the corner part into a substantially square corner.
[0034]
The drainage groove 18 is formed along the building foundation 2 and communicates with the underfloor ventilation port 17 on the building side, and is an open port that opens upward between the uppermost surface 16a and the outer wall portion 1b. By forming 19, the underfloor space 101a of the building main body 101 and the building exterior space are communicated with each other.
[0035]
A grating lid 21 is attached to the opening 19 of the drain groove 18.
[0036]
The grating lid 21 has a long rectangular plate shape, and a plurality of slits 21a for ventilation are formed between the front and rear sides at a predetermined interval.
[0037]
And the bottom face part 18c of the said drain ditch 18 of this Embodiment 1 is formed in a position lower than the upper surface 2a of the building foundation 2 on the building side so as to be lower than the underfloor ventilation port 17 on the building side. Is set to
[0038]
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
[0039]
In the building of the first embodiment, the external structure step 16 is arranged on the outdoor side surface of the underfloor ventilation port 17 formed between the building foundation 2 of the building main body 101 and the outer wall portion 1b.
[0040]
Since the drainage groove 18 is formed in the building foundation side upper edge 16c in the external structure step 16, an open port 19 that opens upward to the uppermost surface 16a is provided in the underfloor ventilation port 17 on the building body 101 side. And the building floor 101a communicates with the outside of the building.
[0041]
For this reason, outside air flows into and out of the floor 101a of the building body 101 through the slits 21a formed in the grating lid 21 of the opening 19, the drainage groove 18, and the underfloor ventilation port 17 on the building body 101 side. Therefore, a sufficient underfloor ventilation can be easily secured.
[0042]
Moreover, the underfloor ventilation port 17 formed on the building main body 101 side is not blocked even if the position change is minimized, for example, while being arranged linearly in the north and south, and the degree of freedom in design is improved. .
[0043]
Further, since the bottom surface portion 18a of the drainage groove 18 is formed at a position lower than the underfloor ventilation port 17 on the building side, the rainwater that has flowed into the drainage groove 18 through the grating lid 21 Without flowing into the underfloor ventilation port 17 formed on the 101 side, the bottom surface portion 18a drains or evaporates.
[0044]
Accordingly, the rain can be easily completed, and the waterproofing of the outer peripheral step 16 and the peripheral edge of the entrance / exit opening of the building main body 101 can be improved.
[0045]
Moreover, in the first embodiment, since the ventilation circulation port communicating with the underfloor ventilation port 17 also serves as the drainage groove 18 along the building foundation 2, the rainwater flows down along the drainage groove 18 and stays there. It is possible to improve drainage without causing it.
[0046]
Further, since the lower side opening edge 3a of the entrance / exit opening 3 of the building main body 101 and the uppermost surface 16a of the external structure step 16 are substantially flush with each other, the steps can be eliminated and the barrier can be made free.
[0047]
Embodiment 2
2 and 3 show the grating lid 121 used for the building 16 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
[0048]
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated about the same thru | or equivalent part as the said Embodiment 1. FIG.
[0049]
The building according to the second embodiment is a unit building 201 configured by combining a plurality of building units, and an outer wall portion 1b is attached to a frame member 14 configured to exhibit a steel frame ramen structure via a support frame 1d. Thus, the outer surface is substantially covered.
[0050]
These frame members 14 are fixed by a plurality of joint bolts 2b projecting from the upper surface 2a of the building foundation 2 and the upper surface 202 has an underfloor ventilation port 117 so as to have an area satisfying each regulation. A plurality of recesses are provided at predetermined intervals.
[0051]
A fender member 120 having a plurality of ventilation slits or ventilation holes is attached to the underfloor ventilation port 117 according to the second embodiment, thereby preventing entry of small animals such as dust or hail.
[0052]
The grating lid 121 used for the exterior step 16 of the second embodiment is formed with a plurality of ventilation slits 121a on the upper surface at predetermined intervals, and one of the drainage grooves 118 on both side edges of the upper surface. A pair of flange portions 121b and 121b that are locked to the peripheral edge portion 118b are integrally formed.
[0053]
The grating lid 121 is supported by at least a pair of leg members 122 and 122 as a grating receiving member so as to be horizontally mounted at the position where the opening 119 is formed.
[0054]
The leg members 122, and the mounting surface 122a for supporting from below by placing the grating material lid 12 1, discharge Mizumizo 118 beneath end before the edge of the mounting surface 122 a is downwardly depending a front leg portion 122c to abut the bottom surface 118a, a rear leg portion 122b which is downwardly depending from the edge after mounting surface 12 2a, unit substantially horizontally bent lower end of the rear leg portion 122 b building 201 side is brought into contact with the upper surface 2a of by Riken was basic 2 to extend the in and a building-side locking portion 122d which engages.
[0055]
Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.
[0056]
In the second embodiment, in addition to the operation of the first embodiment, the grating lid 121 is supported and positioned by the leg members 122 and 122 at the desired opening forming position.
[0057]
For this reason, the step difference between the uppermost surface 16a of the external structure step 16 and the upper surface of the grating lid 121 can be further reduced to achieve barrier free.
[0058]
[Modification 1]
FIG. 4 shows a modification of the building according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[0059]
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated about the same thru | or equivalent part as the said Embodiment 1. FIG.
[0060]
In the unit building 201 of the second embodiment, a chamfered portion 202b having a predetermined angle is formed on the outdoor side edge of the upper surface 202a of the building foundation 202.
[0061]
Next, the operation of the first modification of the second embodiment will be described.
[0062]
In the first modification, in addition to the operation of the second embodiment, the chamfered portion 202b having a predetermined angle is formed on the outdoor side edge of the upper surface 202a of the building foundation 202. Even if it enters the underfloor ventilation port 117, it flows down from the upper surface 202a through the chamfered portion 202b into the drainage groove 218. For this reason, the possibility of rainwater flowing into the underfloor space 201a is reduced and the drainage is good.
[0063]
Embodiment 3
FIG. 5 shows a grating lid 321 used in a building according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
[0064]
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated about the part thru | or equivalent to the said Embodiment 1,2.
[0065]
The grating lid 321 according to the third embodiment has an upper surface 321b in which a plurality of slits 321a... Are formed at a predetermined interval, and a lower end hanging from the front edge of the upper surface 321b. A front leg 321c as a grating receiving member formed integrally with the grating lid 321 so as to abut on the grating lid 321 and a rear end edge of the mounting surface 122a as the grating receiving member. And a plurality of slits 321d formed at predetermined intervals on the front leg portion 321c.
[0066]
Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.
[0067]
In the grating lid 321 of Embodiment 3 configured as described above, the front leg portion 321c and the rear leg portion 321e as the grating receiving member are formed with the upper surface 321b formed with the plurality of slits 321a. It is provided integrally.
[0068]
For this reason, it is not necessary to prepare a separate grating receiving member, the number of parts can be reduced, and it can be easily attached to the opening 19 of the drainage groove 18.
[0069]
Other configurations and operational effects are the same as or equivalent to those of the first and second embodiments, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
[0070]
Embodiment 4
FIG. 6 shows a building according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
[0071]
In such a case, an underfloor ventilation port 403 that can secure a sufficient ventilation rate is formed in the building foundation 402. This underfloor ventilation port 403 has a conical stepped surface substantially continuous shape, and a lid member 404 having a plurality of ventilation slits or ventilation holes formed at a substantially central position in the inside and outside directions is attached to the bottom floor ventilation port 403. Invasion of small animals is prevented.
[0072]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 configured as described above, since the underfloor vent 403 is formed in the building foundation 402, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the underfloor vent 403 can be set relatively large.
[0073]
Further, since the exterior step 16 can be provided regardless of the position of the underfloor ventilation port 17, it is suitable for use in a unit building having an effective ventilation area in accordance with laws and regulations.
[0074]
【The invention's effect】
As described above , according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a building that can easily secure a sufficient amount of underfloor ventilation and can minimize a change in position or the like at the underfloor vent on the building body side. It has a practically beneficial effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view corresponding to a position along line AA in FIG. 9 for explaining the overall configuration of a building according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a configuration of a main part corresponding to FIG. 1 in a building according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a grating lid and leg members used in the building of the second embodiment.
4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part corresponding to FIG. 1 in a building according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a grating lid integrally provided with a grating receiving member according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a building shown as a fourth embodiment.
7 is a cross-sectional view at a position along the line AA in FIG. 9 for explaining the overall configuration in an external structure step of one conventional example.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a building foundation portion as viewed from above, with a building body of a building not provided with an exterior step of a conventional example removed.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a configuration in which an exterior step of a conventional example is provided, in which a building main body is removed and a building foundation portion is viewed from above.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view at a position corresponding to a position along the line AA in FIG. 9 for explaining the overall configuration in an external step of another conventional example.
FIG. 11 is a side view of a building foundation portion viewed from the side in another conventional external structure step.
FIG. 12 is a top view for explaining the entire configuration including the building foundation portion in another conventional exterior step.
13 is a vertical cross-sectional view at a position along the line BB in FIG. 12 for explaining the overall configuration in other exterior steps of the conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Building foundation 3 Entrance opening 3a Lower side opening edge 3a
16 Exterior step 16a Top surface 16c Building foundation side upper edge 17 Underfloor ventilation port 18 Drainage channel (ventilation circulation part)
18a Bottom part 19 Opening port

Claims (3)

An exterior step is provided on the outdoor side of the underfloor ventilation port formed in the building foundation ,
On the uppermost surface of the exterior step, there is provided an opening of a ventilation circulation part that communicates with the underfloor ventilation port,
The opening is sealed so as to be able to vent so as to be substantially flush with the uppermost surface of the exterior step by a grating lid supported by a leg member,
The bottom part of the ventilation circulation part is formed at a position lower than the under floor ventilation opening of the building foundation,
The building is characterized in that a lower side opening edge of the building entrance / exit opening, an uppermost surface of the exterior step, and the grating lid are substantially flush with each other. The building according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation circulation part is a drainage groove along the building foundation.   The leg member includes a mounting surface that supports the grating lid from below, a front leg portion that is suspended downward from a front end edge of the mounting surface and has a lower end abutting against a bottom surface portion of the ventilation circulation unit, and A rear leg hanging downward from the rear edge of the mounting surface, and a lower end of the rear leg bent substantially horizontally and extended toward the building foundation so as to contact the upper surface of the building foundation. The building according to claim 1, further comprising: a building-side locking portion that is locked.

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