JP3722667B2 - Ultrasound endoscope - Google Patents

Ultrasound endoscope Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3722667B2
JP3722667B2 JP2000115562A JP2000115562A JP3722667B2 JP 3722667 B2 JP3722667 B2 JP 3722667B2 JP 2000115562 A JP2000115562 A JP 2000115562A JP 2000115562 A JP2000115562 A JP 2000115562A JP 3722667 B2 JP3722667 B2 JP 3722667B2
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Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
driving force
unit
advance
ultrasonic transducer
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JP2000115562A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001292997A (en
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仁 平岡
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Corp
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、体腔内に挿入され挿入部の先端部にメカニカル走査型の超音波振動子を備えた超音波内視鏡に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、超音波振動子から生体組織内に超音波パルスを繰り返し送信し、この生体組織から反射される超音波パルスのエコーを同一、或いは、別体に設けた超音波振動子で受信して、この超音波パルスを送受信する方向を徐々にずらすことによって、生体内の複数の方向から収集した情報を可視像の超音波診断画像として表示する超音波診断装置が種々提案されている。
【0003】
そして、近年では体腔内の深部を内視鏡及び超音波によって観察の行える超音波内視鏡も種々提案されており、特公昭63−1050号公報には体腔内の病変部等の観察部位を観察しながら正確、かつ容易に超音波発振体の走査面をその病変部に誘導して密着させ正確に超音波検査を行うことができるように、進退操作ノブと一体に回動するピニオン歯車を設け、この進退操作ノブを回転操作することによって、多数の歯車を軸方向沿いに螺刻してなるラック歯車を動作させることによって超音波発振体を必要に応じ、挿入部の先端部から外方に向けて突出構造とした体腔内検査用超音波スキャナ装置が示されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記特公昭63−1050号公報の体腔内検査用超音波スキャナ装置では進退操作ノブの回転操作をラック・ピニオン機構によってしてラック歯車を動作させて超音波発振体の走査面を挿入部の先端部から突出させる構成にしていたため、このラック・ピニオン機構部が複雑になって操作部が大きくなるという不具合があった。
【0005】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、操作部の大径化や厚みの増大など、操作部を大型化させることなく、簡単な操作で超音波振動子部を挿入部の先端部から突出させた状態又は先端部に収納した状態にして観察を行える超音波内視鏡を提供することを目的にしている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による超音波内視鏡は、超音波診断するための超音波振動子を備え、体腔内に挿入される挿入部の先端に配置された超音波振動子部と、前記挿入部の基端側に設けられ、回転力を発生させる回転駆動源を備えた操作部と、前記操作部に設けられ、前記超音波振動子部の進退指示を行うためのレバー部と、先端側を前記超音波振動子部に接続されるとともに、基端側を前記レバー部に接続され、前記レバー部の動作に応じて前記超音波振動子部を進退させる中空状に形成された進退部材としてのシース体と、前記シース体内に挿通されて前記超音波振動子部を回転可能に保持するとともに、前記レバー部の進退に応じて前記シース体とともに進退動作する第1の駆動力伝達部材と、前記回転駆動源に接続され、回転力を伝達させる第2の駆動力伝達部材と、前記第1の駆動力伝達部材を進退方向に摺動可能に保持するとともに、前記第1の駆動力伝達部材を前記第2の駆動力伝達部材に対して回転方向に係止させる係止部を備え、回転する前記第2の駆動力伝達部材の回転力を前記第1の駆動力伝達部材に伝達させる駆動力伝達機構部とを具備することを特徴とする。
【0009】
上記構成において、超音波振動子部の進退指示を行うためのレバー部の動作に応じて中空状に形成された進退部材としてのシース体で前記超音波振動子部を進退させ、先端構成部から突没させる。一方、駆動力伝達機構部によって第1の駆動力伝達部材を進退方向に摺動可能に保持するとともに、前記第1の駆動力伝達部材を前記第2の駆動力伝達部材に対して回転方向に係止させ、回転する前記第2の駆動力伝達部材の回転力を前記第1の駆動力伝達部材に伝達させ、超音波振動子を回転させる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
図1ないし図9は本発明の一実施形態に係り、図1は超音波内視鏡の構成を説明する図、図2は超音波内視鏡の内部機構を簡単に説明する概略図、図3は超音波内視鏡の先端部分の構成を説明する図、図4は超音波内視鏡の主操作部先端側の構成を説明する断面図、図5は主操作部を反進退操作レバー側から見たときの説明図、図6は主操作部の進退操作レバー側の構成を説明する図、図7は超音波振動子部の先端構成部に対する動作を説明する図、図8は超音波振動子部を先端構成部から突出させるように進退操作レバーを操作した状態を示す図、図9は駆動力伝達機構部の動作を説明する図である。
【0013】
図3(a)は超音波内視鏡の先端部分を正面から見たときの図、図3(b)は超音波内視鏡の先端部分の構成を説明する断面図、図6(a)は主操作部を進退操作レバー側から見たときの説明図、図6(b)は超音波内視鏡の主操作部基端側の構成を説明する断面図、図7(a)は超音波振動子部が先端構成部の振動子部収納空間部に収納されている状態を示す図、図7(b)は超音波振動子部を先端構成部から突出させた状態を示す図、図7(c)は図7(b)のA矢視図、図8(a)は主操作部を進退操作レバー側から見たときの説明図、図8(b)は超音波内視鏡の主操作部基端側の構成を説明する断面図、図9(a)は超音波振動子部が先端構成部に収納されている状態の動力伝達機構部を説明する断面図、図9(b)は超音波振動子部を先端構成部から突出させた状態の動力伝達機構部を説明する断面図である。
【0014】
図1に示すように本実施形態の超音波内視鏡1は、体腔内に挿入される可撓性を有する挿入部2と、この挿入部2の基端部に連結された把持部を兼ねる主操作部3と、この主操作部3の後端部に設けられ駆動ユニットを内蔵した副操作部4と、前記主操作部3の側部から延出し基端部に図示しない光源装置に着脱自在に接続される光源用コネクタ5aを備え、この光源用コネクタ5aの側部に図示しないカメラコントロールユニットから延出するカメラケーブル(不図示)が接続される電気コネクタ部5bを設けたユニバーサルコード5と、前記副操作部4の側部から延出し基端部に図示しない超音波診断観測装置に着脱自在に接続される超音波用コネクタ6aを備えた超音波コード6とで主に構成されている。
【0015】
前記挿入部2は、先端側から順に、硬質な部材で形成された先端構成部7、例えば上下左右方向に湾曲自在な湾曲部8、柔軟で細長なシースで形成された可撓管部9を連接して構成されている。本実施形態の超音波内視鏡1は、挿入部2を構成する先端構成部7から突没する超音波振動子部30内に後述する超音波振動子を内蔵している。
【0016】
前記超音波観測装置には超音波振動子の制御を行う駆動制御部及び超音波振動子との信号の送受を行う信号処理部等が備えられており、この超音波観測装置で生成された映像信号を表示装置に出力することによって超音波画像の観察を行えるようになっている。
【0017】
前記主操作部3には例えば穿刺針などの処置具を前記挿入部2内を挿通して図3(a)に示す先端構成部7の先端面7aで開口する処置具導出口11が出口になる処置具挿通用チャンネルへの入り口となる処置具挿入口3aや前記湾曲部8を所望の方向に湾曲操作する湾曲操作レバー3bや送気及び送水の操作を行う送気・送水ボタン3c、吸引を行う吸引ボタン3d、前記超音波振動子部30を突没操作する進退操作レバー3eが設けられている。一方、前記副操作部4には超音波画像や内視鏡光学画像を静止させたり、写真を撮るためのリモートスイッチ4aが複数設けられている。
【0018】
図2を参照して超音波内視鏡1の内部機構を簡単に説明する。
図に示すように本実施形態の超音波内視鏡1の超音波振動子部30内には副操作部4に設けられた回転駆動源である駆動ユニットの駆動モータ4bの回転駆動力が伝達されて回転する超音波振動子31が配置されている。この超音波振動子部30は、主操作部3に設けた進退操作レバー3eを矢印に示すように回動操作することによって、先端構成部7から矢印に示すように突没する構成になっている。
【0019】
前記超音波振動子31は、駆動力伝達部材であるフレキシブルシャフト39によって伝達される回転駆動力によって回転するようになっており、このフレキシブルシャフト39の基端部には後述する駆動力伝達機構部50を介して前記駆動モータ4bの回転駆動力が伝達されるようになっている。
【0020】
前記超音波振動子部30にはこの超音波振動子部30を突没動作させる進退部材である進退用シース37の一端部が固定されている。そして、この進退用シース37の他端部は、前記主操作部3内で挿入部軸方向に摺動するように配置された後述する進退機構部60に固定されている。この進退機構部60には後述するレバー操作伝達機構部70を介して前記進退操作レバー3eの操作指示が伝達されるようになっている。つまり、前記進退操作レバー3eの回動操作に連動して、前記進退用シース37が進退移動して前記超音波振動子部30が突没動作する構成である。なお、前記進退用シース37は、前記フレキシブルシャフト39を遊嵌した状態で覆い包んでいる。
【0021】
以下、図3ないし図6を参照して超音波内視鏡1の具体的な構成を説明する。
図3(a)及び図3(b)に示すように前記超音波内視鏡1の挿入部2を構成する先端構成部7には超音波観察を行うための超音波振動子部30を収納する収納空間となる振動子部収納空間部21が形成されている。そして、前記先端構成部7の外表面の一部には前記振動子部収納空間部21に連通し、この振動子部収納空間部21に前記超音波振動子部30を収納したとき、この超音波振動子部30の外表面の一部が前記先端構成部7の外表面上に位置する切欠部7bが形成されている。
【0022】
この切欠部7bは挿入部長手軸方向に対して略平行に形成されており、前記超音波振動子部30が前記進退操作レバー3eの進退操作に応じて突没する際、この超音波振動子部30の外周面部が前記切欠部7bの開口端部を案内にして進退移動するようになっている。つまり、この切欠部7bは、観察用及び案内用を兼用している。
【0023】
また、前記先端構成部7には前記振動子部収納空間部21に併設して観察部位をとらえる観察光学系10が所定の位置に接着剤或いはビス等によって一体的に配置固定されている。この観察光学系10は、観察部位の光学像を図示しないCCDの撮像面に結像させる複数の光学レンズ10aと、これら光学レンズ10a保持するレンズ枠10b等で構成されている。
【0024】
図3(a)に示すように前記先端構成部7の先端面7aには処置具を観察部位に導く処置具導出口11、観察光学系を構成する観察用レンズカバー12や照明光学系を構成する2つの照明用レンズカバー13及び前記レンズカバー12,13の表面に付着した汚物や体液等を排除する液体、或いはこのレンズカバー12,13の表面に付着した液体を吹き飛ばす空気などを噴出するノズル14が所定位置に配設されている。
【0025】
図3(b)に示すように前記先端構成部7の基端部外周には前記湾曲部8を構成する第1湾曲駒8aが固設されており、この第1湾曲駒8aに複数の湾曲駒8b,…,8bが回動自在に連接している。これら回動自在に構成された湾曲駒8a,8b,…,8bの外周には網管8c及び外皮チューブ8dが被覆されている。また、前記先端構成部7には口金15が固設されており、この口金15には挿入部2内を挿通するガイドチューブ16の一端部が糸巻き接着等によって固定されている。なお、前記湾曲駒8aには図示しない湾曲ワイヤが所定の位置に固定されている。
【0026】
前記超音波振動子部30は、超音波の出射方向が挿入部長手軸に対して直交する超音波振動子31と、この超音波振動子31が配置固定される曲面部32aと細長な軸部32bとを備えた略Y字形状で後述するフレキシブルシャフトからの回転駆動力によって回転する振動子ホルダ32と、この振動子ホルダ32の軸部32bが遊嵌する貫通孔を有し、先端側に雌ネジを形成した凹部を有する断面形状が略凸字形状で例えばステンレス鋼などの金属部材で形成された振動子部本体33と、前記振動子ホルダ32の軸部32bが摺動自在に挿通配置され、前記振動子部本体33の凹部に形成されている雌ネジに螺合する雄ネジを外周面に形成した大径部34aと前記振動子部本体33の貫通孔内に係入配置される小径部34bとを有する滑り軸受部材34と、この振動子部本体33の先端側に糸巻き接着等によって固定配置されるポリメチルペンテンやポリエチレン、ポリエーテルブロックアミド等、超音波透過性に優れた材質で形成された先端キャップ35と、この先端キャップ35内に例えば流動パラフィン、水、カルボキシルメチルセルロース水溶液、KYゼリー等の超音波伝達媒体を封入する際に着脱される前記先端キャップ35に螺合するネジ部を有する蓋体36とで主に構成されている。この蓋体36の先端キャップ空間側には超音波振動子31の端部を配置可能にする逃がし凹部36aが形成してある。
【0027】
前記振動子部本体33の基端側凸部には超音波振動子部30を、前記進退操作レバー3eの操作に応じて先端構成部7に対して突没させる進退部材である例えば、ステンレス等の細径の金属素線を網状に形成し、絶縁性の樹脂部材に一体成形によって層構造に形成したブレード付き等伸縮性を小さくした進退用シース(37の先端部が例えば糸巻き接着によって固定されている。
【0028】
また、振動子部本体33の側周面所定位置には前記進退用シース37の進退移動にしたがって前記超音波振動子部30を挿入部長手軸方向にスムーズに案内移動させるためのガイドネジ38が螺合固定されている。このガイドネジ38の基端部は、前記振動子部収納空間部21の前記切欠部7bに対向する内周面に挿入部長手軸方向に形成された案内溝7cに配置されている。
【0029】
前記振動子部本体33の先端側凹部には図示しない駆動装置の回転駆動力を伝達する中空構造のフレキシブルシャフト39の一端部が固定されている。このフレキシブルシャフト39内には前記超音波振動子31から延出して、前記超音波振動子31を駆動制御する駆動信号や超音波振動子31受信した信号を伝送する信号ケーブル31aが挿通配置されている。そして、このフレキシブルシャフト39は、前記進退用シース37内に遊嵌した状態で挿通配置されている。
【0030】
なお、符号40は超音波振動子31から出射される超音波が振動子部収納空間部21の内面で反射するのを防止する超音波反射防止部材である。符号41は汚物等が挿入部2内に侵入するのを防止す第1Oリングである。符号42は先端キャップ35内に封入された超音波伝達媒体がフレキシブルシャフト39側に漏れたり、進退用シース37内に摺動性を向上させる目的で封入した潤滑油が先端キャップ内に漏れることを防止する第2Oリングである。符号43は振動子部本体と滑り軸受部剤との隙間を通って超音波伝達媒体や潤滑油が漏れることを防止する第3Oリングである。符号44は摺動性を向上させる目的で封入する潤滑油が封入される進退用シース37の空間部に連通する透孔を封止する封止ネジである。
【0031】
図4及び図5に示すように前記進退用シース37の他端部は、前記ガイドチューブ16内を挿通して主操作部3内に配置固定されている地板3fに形成した長穴3gに沿って挿入部長手軸方向に摺動するように構成されたスライドプレート3hに例えばネジ固定された進退機構部60を構成する中央部に貫通孔を有する進退部本体61の口体部61aに配置されている。
【0032】
ここで、進退機構部60について説明する。
前記進退機構部60は、前記口体部61aを有し、先端部外周面に雄ネジ部を形成し、前記貫通孔の基端部に段付穴を設けた進退部本体61と、前記口体部61aに配置された進退用シース37の外周に配置される弾性を有するゴム部材等でO字形状に形成した弾性固定部材62と、この弾性固定部材62を先端側から押圧するように前記進退用シース37の外周に配置される金属製リング部材である押圧リング63と、前記進退部本体61の雄ネジ部に螺合する雌ネジ部を有し、前記押圧リング63を保持する鍔部を有する第1止めナット64と、前記段付穴の底面側凹部に配置され、この段付穴内周面と駆動力伝達機構部50を構成する硬質シャフト51の外周面との間の水密を保持して例えば潤滑油が漏れることを防止するパッキン部材65と、前記段付穴の開口側凹部に配置されて前記硬質シャフト51を摺動自在に保持するベアリング66と、このベアリング66が段付穴から脱落するのを防止する第2止めナット67と、前記進退用シース37内に注入された潤滑油が外部に漏れ出ることを防止するため注入口を封止する封止ネジ68とで主に構成されている。
【0033】
前記進退用シース37を前記口体部61aに固定する際には、前記第1止めナット64を61の雄ネジ部に螺合していく。すると、第1止めナット64の移動に伴って押圧リング63が移動していく。この押圧リング63が移動を開始すると前記弾性固定部材62が押しつぶされて内径寸法が小さくなるように変形する。すなわち、前記進退用シース37は、弾性固定部材62の変形によって前記口体部61aに固定配置される。
【0034】
前記進退用シース37内に遊嵌状態で挿通配置され、一端部を前記振動子部本体33に固定したフレキシブルシャフト39の他端部は前記進退部本体61の貫通孔内で硬質シャフト51の先端部に固定されている。
【0035】
次に、前記フレキシブルシャフト39に前記駆動モータ4bの回転駆動力を伝達する駆動力伝達機構部50を説明する。
前記駆動力伝達機構部50は、硬質な中空パイプ部材で形成され、先端部に前記フレキシブルシャフト39が固定される硬質シャフト51と、この硬質シャフト51の他端部に止めネジ52によって固定配置される円柱形状のスライドブロック53と、このスライドブロック53が摺動自在に配置されるスライド空間部54a及びこのスライド空間部54aに連通する長手軸方向に細長なスライド案内溝54bを有する細長筒状の回転伝達本体54と、この回転伝達本体54の基端部に一端部を固定し、他端部を前記駆動モータ4bの図示しない出力軸に固定して、この駆動モータ4bの回転駆動力を伝達する中空の回転出力伝達シャフト55と、この回転出力伝達シャフト55を回転自在に保持する突部58aを有する前記地板3fに固定される回転伝達ペース部材58とで主に構成されている。
【0036】
前記回転出力伝達シャフト55は、前記突部58aの空間部内に配置された一対のベアリング56a,56bと、このベアリング56aとベアリング56bとの間隔を所定間隔に設定するスペーサ57とによって回転自在に保持されている。
【0037】
前記スライドブロック53は、スライド空間部54a内で回転することなく、かつ摺動自在となるように回転伝達本体54のスライド案内溝54bに配置される回転止めネジ53aによって保持されている。
【0038】
したがって、前記駆動モータ4bの回転駆動力が回転出力伝達シャフト55を介して回転伝達本体54に伝達されて回転を開始すると、この回転伝達本体54のスライド空間部54a内に配置されているスライドブロック53も一体で回転を開始する。すると、このスライドブロック53の回転が止めネジ52によって一体に固定されて硬質シャフト51を回転させる。このことによって、この硬質シャフト51の先端部に固定されているフレキシブルシャフト39が回転して超音波振動子31が回転する。
【0039】
なお、前記スライド空間部54aの回転出力伝達シャフト55側空間部は、前記スライドブロック53が回転出力伝達シャフト55側に配置された状態のとき、弛んで余った状態になっている信号ケーブル31aが収納されるケーブル収納空間部として構成されている。符号55aは前記蓋体59の基端部に配置されて前記回転出力伝達シャフト55を遊嵌した状態で覆うガイドチューブである。符号59は前記突部58aの空間部に配置されるベアリング56a,56b及びスペーサ57が脱落するのを防止する蓋体59である。
【0040】
次いで、図4及び図6(a),(b)を参照して前記進退操作レバー3eの動作を前記進退機構部60に伝達するレバー操作伝達機構部70について説明する。
図6(a)に示すように進退操作レバー3eの根元部は、湾曲操作レバー軸3jに対して同軸に回動自在に配置されている進退操作レバー軸3iに固定されている。
【0041】
前記進退操作レバー3eが回動操作されたときの操作指示を前記進退機構部60に伝達するレバー操作伝達機構部70は、進退操作レバー3eの根元部に固定された例えば略L字形状の第1アーム部材71と、この第1アーム部材71に第1連結ピン73aによって回動自在に連結される第2アーム部材72と、このアーム部材72と第2連結ピン73bによって回動自在に連結され、前記アーム部材72の移動に伴ってスライドガイド部材74内を摺動移動し、前記進退部本体61と一体に固定されたスライドプレート3hと連結部材75によって一体的に固定されるレバー操作伝達部材76とで構成されている。
【0042】
このことにより、前記進退操作レバー3eを回動操作すると、この操作指示が進退操作レバー3eから第1アーム部材71、第2アーム部材72を介してレバー操作伝達部材76に伝達される。そして、このレバー操作伝達部材76が前記アーム部材71,72の動作に応じてスライドガイド部材74内を移動するとともに、このレバー操作伝達部材76と連結部材75によって一体的に固定されたスライドプレート3hが移動を開始する。すると、このスライドプレート3hに固定されている進退部本体61が移動して、進退用シース37を進退させることによって超音波振動子部30が先端構成部7に対して突没するようになっている。
【0043】
上述したように、本実施形態においては前記レバー操作伝達機構部70と前記駆動力伝達機構部50及び進退機構部60とが地板3fを挟んで配置されている。そして、前記レバー操作伝達機構部70と前記進退機構部60とは地板3fに形成した長穴3g及びスライドガイド部材74に形成した長穴74aを介して連結部材75によって連結されている。
【0044】
なお、図6に示す位置に進退操作レバー3eが位置しているとき、前記超音波振動子部30は振動子部収納空間部21内に収納された状態である。また、符号77は地板3fとスライドガイド部材74との間に配置される補強板であり、この補強板77には前記連結部材75が通過する長穴77aが形成されている。
【0045】
上述のように構成した超音波内視鏡1の作用を説明する。
まず、進退操作レバー3eを前記図5及び図6に示した位置に配置する。このとき、図7(a)に示すように前記超音波振動子部30が前記先端構成部7に形成した振動子部収納空間部21に収納された状態になり、この状態で前記超音波内視鏡1の観察光学系10を構成する観察用レンズカバー12を通して得られる内視鏡画像を観察しながら挿入部2を目的観察部位まで挿入していく。
【0046】
そして、前記超音波振動子部30を先端構成部7内に収めたままの状態で超音波走査を行う場合には前記観察用レンズカバー12を通して目的観察部位の位置を確認した後、駆動モータ4bを駆動させて前記フレキシブルシャフト39を回転させ、湾曲操作や捻じり操作等の手元操作を適宜行って、前記先端構成部7に形成されている切欠部7bを目的観察部位に配置する。このことによって、振動子ホルダ32に固定されている超音波振動子31が回転して、目的観察部位に超音波が出射されることによって、目的観察部位の超音波画像が図示しない表示装置に表示されて超音波観察を行える。
【0047】
一方、前記超音波振動子部30を先端構成部7に対して突出させた状態にして360°全周の超音波走査を行う場合には、前記観察用レンズカバー12を通して目的観察部位の観察を行いながら主操作部3に設けた進退操作レバー3eを図2に示す破線方向に移動させる。
【0048】
このとき、前記フレキシブルシャフト39を回転している状態であっても、図8(a),(b)に示すように前記進退操作レバー3eの回動操作に連動して第1アーム部材71、第2アーム部材72を介してレバー操作伝達部材76が先端側に移動する。そして、このレバー操作伝達部材76の先端側への移動に伴って、このレバー操作伝達部材76に連結部材75によって一体的に固定されたスライドプレート3hに固設された進退部本体61が移動して、進退用シース37が先端側に移動する。
【0049】
すると、前記超音波振動子部30が切欠部7b及び案内溝7cを案内にして先端構成部7より徐々に突出して、図7(b)及び図7(c)に示すように前記超音波振動子部30が先端構成部7から突出した状態になって、目的観察部位の360°全周にわたる超音波画像が図示しない表示装置に表示されて超音波観察を行える。
【0050】
なお、前記超音波振動子部30が図7(a)に示すように先端構成部7の振動子部収納空間部21に収納されている状態から図7(b)に示すように先端構成部7から突出させた状態にしたとき、前記振動子部本体33が進退用シース37とともに移動する際、前記フレキシブルシャフト39も振動子部本体33と一体的に移動する。このとき、図9(a),(b)に示すようにフレキシブルシャフト39に固定されている硬質シャフト51が移動するので、スライドブロック53が回転伝達本体54のスライド空間部54aを先端側に移動する。このとき、ケーブル収納空間部に弛んで余った状態になっている信号ケーブル31aが徐々に伸びた状態となる。
【0051】
このように、主操作部に設けた進退操作レバーを適宜操作することによって、超音波振動子部を振動子部収納空間部内に収納した状態又は先端構成部から突出させた状態にして術者の所望する超音波観察を選択的に行うことができる。
【0052】
また、レバー操作伝達機構部と動力伝達機構部及び進退機構部とを地板を挟んで配置したことによって操作部内に効率良く構成部品を配置することが可能になって、操作部の大型化を防止することができる。
【0053】
さらに、超音波振動子部の進退動作を、この超音波振動子部を構成する振動子部本体に固定した進退用シースの進退動作で行うとき、この振動子部本体の移動と一体的に進退用シース内を挿通するフレキシブルシャフトが移動する構成にするとともに、予めフレキシブルシャフト内を挿通する信号ケーブルをケーブル収納空間部内で弛ませた状態にしたことにより、超音波振動子部の進退動作によって、フレキシブルシャフトが引っ張られて信号ケーブルが断線することを確実に防止することができる。
【0054】
なお、前記回転伝達本体54のスライド空間部54a内に摺動自在なスライドブロック53を配置し、このスライドブロック53に硬質シャフト51を固定することにより、前記スライドブロック53を進退自在に構成する代わりに、図10(d)に示すように硬質シャフト51に例えば対向する平面部51aを形成した基端側シャフト51bを設けている。そして、この基端側シャフト51bを図10(a),(b)に示すように凹部54dを形成した回転伝達本体54cの開口側端部に配置される円柱案内部材81に形成した貫通穴82を通して凹部54d内に配置させている。
【0055】
このとき、図10(c)に示すように前記円柱案内部材81の貫通穴82の形状を、前記硬質シャフト51の基端側シャフト51bの外形形状と相似形状に形成して、前記基端側シャフト51bが貫通穴82を摺動する構成にしている。なお、円柱案内部材81はネジ83によって回転伝達本体54cの開口側端部に一体的に固定されている。
【0056】
このことにより、前記駆動モータ4bの回転駆動力が回転出力伝達シャフト55を介して回転伝達本体54cに伝達されて回転を開始すると、この回転伝達本体54cの開口側端部に配置されている円柱案内部材81が一体に回転して平面部51aを有する硬質シャフト51が回転する。したがって、この硬質シャフト51の先端部に固定されているフレキシブルシャフト39が回転することにより超音波振動子31を回転して上述の実施形態と同様の作用を得ることができる。
【0057】
また、超音波振動子部30が図7(a)に示すように先端構成部7の振動子部収納空間部21に収納されている状態から図7(b)に示すように先端構成部7から突出した状態になるとき、前記振動子部本体33が進退用シース37とともに移動する際、前記フレキシブルシャフト39も振動子部本体33と一体で移動し、このフレキシブルシャフト39の基端部と固定されている硬質シャフト51の基端側シャフト51bが貫通穴82を摺動して上述の実施形態と同様の作用を得ることができる。
【0058】
そして、前記実施形態の硬質シャフトとスライドブロックとをネジ固定する作業を省ける等、組立て作業性の改善を図れる。
【0059】
又、本実施形態においては主操作部3に配置した地板3fを挟んでレバー操作伝達機構部70と、駆動力伝達機構部50及び進退機構部60とを配置する際、レバー操作伝達機構部70の進退中心軸線と、駆動力伝達機構部50の回転中心軸線及び進退機構部60の進退中心軸線とを結ぶ軸線とを平行に配置した構成を示している。しかし、この主操作部3内に配置される送水、吸引シリンダや送水、吸水チューブ等の配置位置によっては、前述のようにレバー操作伝達機構部70の軸線と、駆動力伝達機構部50の軸線と進退機構部60の軸線とを結ぶ軸線とを平行にして配置することが難しく、平行状態に配置することを優先させることによって操作部が大型化するおそれがあった。
【0060】
そのため、本実施形態においては図11(a)に示すようにスライドプレート3hとレバー操作伝達部材76とを地板3fを挟んで連結固定する際、図11(b)に示すように進退機構部60の進退部本体61が固定されているスライドプレート3hに長穴85を形成し、この長穴85を通して連結部材75をレバー操作伝達部材76に固定して、スライドプレート3hが長穴85の範囲で可動する構成にしている。このことによって、レバー操作伝達機構部70の軸線L1 と、進退機構部60の軸線L2 とが交差した位置関係になるようにしている。
【0061】
また、図11(c)に示すように図示しない進退操作レバーが回動操作して第2アーム部材72を介してレバー操作伝達部材76を先端側に移動させるとき、スライドプレート3hに長穴85が形成されていることによって、このスライドプレート3hが長穴85に沿って移動することにより、進退操作レバーの操作に連動して進退機構部60が進退動作する構成にしている。
【0062】
このことにより、図11(d)に示すように主操作部3内に配置されている送水シリンダ91、吸引シリンダ92やこれらシリンダ91,92から延出する先端側送気・送水チューブ93、先端側吸水チューブ94、手元側送気チューブ95、手元側送水チューブ96、手元側吸引チューブ(不図示)等が配置されている空きスペースを利用して、地板3fを挟んでレバー操作伝達機構部70と、駆動力伝達機構部50及び進退機構部60とを配置する際、レバー操作伝達機構部70の軸線L1 と、駆動力伝達機構部50の軸線とこの軸線に一致する進退機構部60の軸線L2 とを角度θに傾けて配置することが可能になる。
【0063】
このように、地板を挟んでレバー操作伝達機構部と、駆動力伝達機構部及び進退機構部を配置する際、進退部本体が固定されているスライドプレートに長穴を形成し、この長穴を通して連結部材をレバー操作伝達部材に固定して、スライドプレートが長穴の範囲で可動する構成にしたことによって、レバー操作伝達機構部の摺動軸と、駆動力伝達機構部の回転中心軸線及び進退機構部の進退中心軸線を結ぶ軸線とを交差した位置関係で配置させることができる。このことによって、地板に配置する各機構部の配置レイアウトの自由度を大幅に向上させて、操作部の大型化が防止される。
【0064】
尚、本発明は、以上述べた実施形態のみに限定されるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形実施可能である。
【0065】
[付記]
以上詳述したような本発明の上記実施形態によれば、以下の如き構成を得ることができる。
【0066】
(1)回転駆動源からの駆動力が伝達されて回転する超音波振動子を配置した超音波振動子部を収納する振動子部収納空間を設けた先端構成部と、内視鏡操作部に設けた湾曲操作レバーの操作に応じて湾曲動作する湾曲部とを具備する超音波内視鏡において、
前記超音波振動子を回転駆動させる駆動力伝達部材と、
この駆動力伝達部材を覆い包むように遊嵌配置され、前記振動子部収納空間に収納された超音波振動子部を前記先端構成部に対して突没動作させる進退部材と、
前記内視鏡操作部内に配設され、前記進退部材の基端部が配置される挿入部軸方向に摺動する進退機構部と、
前記内視鏡操作部に設けられ、前記進退機構部を進退移動させる操作指示を行う操作レバーと、
この操作レバーからの操作指示を伝達して前記進退機構部を進退移動させるレバー操作伝達機構部と、
前記駆動力伝達部材に回転駆動源からの回転駆動力を伝達する駆動力伝達機構部と、
を具備する超音波内視鏡。
【0067】
(2)前記駆動力伝達機構部は、前記進退機構部の移動によって進退動作する進退部材と、前記駆動力伝達部材との相対的位置関係を所定位置関係に設定する相対位置調整手段を有する付記1記載の超音波内視鏡。
【0068】
(3)前記内視鏡操作部内に地板を配置し、
この地板の一面側に前記レバー操作伝達機構部を、他面側に前記駆動力伝達機構部及び進退機構部をそれぞれ配置した付記1記載の超音波内視鏡。
【0069】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、操作部の大径化や厚みの増大など、操作部を大型化させることなく、簡単な操作で超音波振動子部を挿入部の先端部から突出させた状態又は先端部に収納した状態にして観察を行える超音波内視鏡を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1ないし図9は本発明の一実施形態に係り、図1は超音波内視鏡の構成を説明する図
【図2】超音波内視鏡の内部機構を簡単に説明する概略図
【図3】超音波内視鏡の先端部分の構成を説明する図
【図4】超音波内視鏡の主操作部先端側の構成を説明する断面図
【図5】主操作部を反進退操作レバー側から見たときの説明図
【図6】主操作部の進退操作レバー側の構成を説明する図
【図7】超音波振動子部の先端構成部に対する動作を説明する図
【図8】超音波振動子部を先端構成部から突出させるように進退操作レバーを操作した状態を示す図
【図9】駆動力伝達機構部の動作を説明する図
【図10】駆動力伝達機構部の他の構成を説明する図
【図11】主操作部内に配置するレバー操作伝達機構部と、駆動力伝達機構部及び進退機構部との位置関係を説明する図
【符号の説明】
1…超音波内視鏡
2…挿入部
3…主操作部
3e…進退操作レバー
4b…駆動モータ
7…先端構成部
30…超音波振動子部
31…超音波振動子
37…進退用シース
39…フレキシブルシャフト
50…駆動力伝達機構部
60…進退機構部
70…レバー操作伝達機構部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ultrasonic endoscope that is inserted into a body cavity and includes a mechanical scanning ultrasonic transducer at a distal end portion of an insertion portion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, an ultrasonic pulse is repeatedly transmitted from an ultrasonic transducer into a living tissue, and an echo of the ultrasonic pulse reflected from the living tissue is received by the same or a separate ultrasonic transducer, Various ultrasonic diagnostic apparatuses have been proposed in which information collected from a plurality of directions in a living body is displayed as a visible ultrasonic diagnostic image by gradually shifting the direction in which the ultrasonic pulses are transmitted and received.
[0003]
In recent years, various ultrasonic endoscopes capable of observing a deep portion in a body cavity with an endoscope and ultrasonic waves have been proposed. Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-1050 discloses an observation site such as a lesion in a body cavity. A pinion gear that rotates together with the advancing / retracting operation knob so that the ultrasonic scanning can be performed accurately and easily while guiding and closely contacting the scanning surface of the ultrasonic oscillator to the lesion. By rotating this advancing / retracting knob and operating a rack gear formed by screwing a large number of gears along the axial direction, the ultrasonic oscillator can be moved outward from the distal end of the insertion portion as required. An ultrasonic scanner device for in-vivo examination having a protruding structure toward the head is shown.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the ultrasonic scanner device for in-vivo examination of Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-1050, the rack gear is operated by rotating the advance / retreat operation knob by the rack and pinion mechanism, and the scanning surface of the ultrasonic oscillator is inserted into the insertion portion. The rack and pinion mechanism is complicated and the operation section becomes large.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the ultrasonic transducer portion is inserted into the distal end portion of the insertion portion with a simple operation without increasing the size of the operation portion, such as increasing the diameter or increasing the thickness of the operation portion. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrasonic endoscope that can be observed in a state of protruding from a state of being housed in a state of being housed in a distal end portion.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An ultrasonic endoscope according to the present invention includes an ultrasonic transducer for ultrasonic diagnosis, an ultrasonic transducer unit disposed at a distal end of an insertion unit to be inserted into a body cavity, and a proximal end of the insertion unit An operation unit having a rotational drive source that generates a rotational force, a lever unit that is provided in the operation unit for instructing advancement / retraction of the ultrasonic transducer unit, and a tip side of the operation unit A sheath body as an advancing / retracting member formed in a hollow shape that is connected to the transducer unit and has a proximal end connected to the lever unit and moves the ultrasonic transducer unit forward and backward according to the operation of the lever unit; A first driving force transmission member that is inserted into the sheath body and rotatably holds the ultrasonic transducer section, and that moves forward and backward with the sheath body in accordance with the advancement and retraction of the lever section, and the rotational drive source Connected to the second to transmit the rotational force A power transmission member, said first driving force transmitting member in the moving direction Hold slidably And a locking portion for locking the first driving force transmission member in the rotational direction with respect to the second driving force transmission member, Rotate And a driving force transmission mechanism that transmits the rotational force of the second driving force transmission member to the first driving force transmission member.
[0009]
In the above-described configuration, the ultrasonic transducer unit is advanced and retracted by a sheath body as an advancing / retracting member formed in a hollow shape according to the operation of the lever unit for instructing advancement / retraction of the ultrasonic transducer unit, Plunder. On the other hand, the first driving force transmission member is moved forward and backward by the driving force transmission mechanism. Hold slidably And locking the first driving force transmission member with respect to the second driving force transmission member in the rotational direction, Rotate The rotational force of the second driving force transmission member is transmitted to the first driving force transmission member, and the ultrasonic transducer is rotated.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 9 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of an ultrasonic endoscope, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for simply explaining the internal mechanism of the ultrasonic endoscope. 3 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the distal end portion of the ultrasonic endoscope, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the configuration of the distal end side of the main operation portion of the ultrasonic endoscope, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the main operation unit on the side of the forward / backward operation lever, FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the ultrasonic transducer unit with respect to the tip component, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the advancing / retreating lever is operated so that the sound wave vibrator unit protrudes from the tip component unit, and FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the driving force transmission mechanism unit.
[0013]
FIG. 3A is a view when the front end portion of the ultrasonic endoscope is viewed from the front, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the front end portion of the ultrasonic endoscope, and FIG. FIG. 6B is an explanatory view when the main operation unit is viewed from the advancing / retreating lever side, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the main operation unit proximal end side of the ultrasonic endoscope, and FIG. FIG. 7B is a diagram illustrating a state in which the ultrasonic transducer unit is housed in the transducer unit storage space of the tip configuration unit, and FIG. 7B is a diagram illustrating a state in which the ultrasonic transducer unit is protruded from the tip configuration unit. 7 (c) is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 7 (b), FIG. 8 (a) is an explanatory view when the main operation unit is viewed from the advancing / retreating operation lever side, and FIG. 8 (b) is an ultrasonic endoscope. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration on the base end side of the main operation portion, FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the power transmission mechanism portion in a state where the ultrasonic transducer portion is housed in the distal end configuration portion, and FIG. ) Ultrasonic vibration Parts is a cross-sectional view illustrating a power transmission mechanism portion in a state which projects from the distal end construction part.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 1, the ultrasonic endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment also serves as a flexible insertion portion 2 to be inserted into a body cavity and a gripping portion connected to the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 2. A main operation unit 3, a sub operation unit 4 provided at the rear end of the main operation unit 3 and incorporating a drive unit, and extending from a side of the main operation unit 3 to a light source device (not shown) at a base end A universal cord 5 having a light source connector 5a that is freely connected, and an electric connector portion 5b to which a camera cable (not shown) extending from a camera control unit (not shown) is connected to a side portion of the light source connector 5a. And an ultrasonic cord 6 having an ultrasonic connector 6a extending from a side portion of the sub-operation unit 4 and detachably connected to an ultrasonic diagnostic observation apparatus (not shown) at a base end portion. Yes.
[0015]
The insertion portion 2 includes, in order from the distal end side, a distal end constituting portion 7 formed of a rigid member, for example, a bending portion 8 that can be bent in the vertical and horizontal directions, and a flexible tube portion 9 formed of a flexible and slender sheath. Concatenated. The ultrasonic endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment incorporates an ultrasonic transducer, which will be described later, in an ultrasonic transducer unit 30 projecting and retracting from the distal end constituting unit 7 constituting the insertion unit 2.
[0016]
The ultrasonic observation apparatus includes a drive control unit that controls the ultrasonic transducer, a signal processing unit that transmits and receives signals to and from the ultrasonic transducer, and an image generated by the ultrasonic observation device. An ultrasonic image can be observed by outputting a signal to a display device.
[0017]
A treatment instrument outlet 11 that opens through the distal end surface 7a of the distal end component 7 shown in FIG. 3 (a) through the insertion section 2 is inserted into the main operation section 3 through a treatment instrument such as a puncture needle. A treatment instrument insertion port 3a serving as an entrance to a treatment instrument insertion channel, a bending operation lever 3b for bending the bending portion 8 in a desired direction, an air supply / water supply button 3c for performing air supply and water supply operations, and suction A suction button 3d for performing the operation and an advance / retreat operation lever 3e for projecting and retracting the ultrasonic transducer section 30 are provided. On the other hand, the sub-operation unit 4 is provided with a plurality of remote switches 4a for stopping an ultrasonic image or an endoscope optical image or taking a picture.
[0018]
The internal mechanism of the ultrasonic endoscope 1 will be briefly described with reference to FIG.
As shown in the figure, the rotational drive force of the drive motor 4b of the drive unit, which is the rotational drive source provided in the sub-operation unit 4, is transmitted in the ultrasonic transducer section 30 of the ultrasonic endoscope 1 of the present embodiment. A rotating ultrasonic transducer 31 is arranged. The ultrasonic transducer section 30 is configured to project and retract from the tip configuration section 7 as indicated by the arrow by rotating the advance / retreat operation lever 3e provided in the main operation section 3 as indicated by the arrow. Yes.
[0019]
The ultrasonic transducer 31 is rotated by a rotational driving force transmitted by a flexible shaft 39 that is a driving force transmitting member, and a driving force transmitting mechanism portion described later is provided at the base end portion of the flexible shaft 39. The rotational driving force of the drive motor 4b is transmitted via 50.
[0020]
One end of an advancing / retreating sheath 37, which is an advancing / retracting member that causes the ultrasonic transducer unit 30 to project and retract, is fixed to the ultrasonic transducer unit 30. The other end of the advance / retreat sheath 37 is fixed to a later-described advance / retreat mechanism 60 disposed so as to slide in the insertion portion axial direction within the main operation portion 3. An operation instruction for the advance / retreat operation lever 3e is transmitted to the advance / retreat mechanism 60 via a lever operation transmission mechanism 70 described later. In other words, in conjunction with the turning operation of the advance / retreat operation lever 3e, the advance / retreat sheath 37 moves forward / backward, and the ultrasonic transducer section 30 moves forward / backward. The advance / retreat sheath 37 covers the flexible shaft 39 in a loosely fitted state.
[0021]
Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the ultrasonic endoscope 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6.
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the distal end constituting portion 7 constituting the insertion portion 2 of the ultrasonic endoscope 1 houses an ultrasonic transducer portion 30 for performing ultrasonic observation. A vibrator portion storage space portion 21 is formed as a storage space. A part of the outer surface of the tip component 7 communicates with the transducer housing space 21, and when the ultrasound transducer 30 is stored in the transducer housing space 21, A cutout portion 7 b is formed in which a part of the outer surface of the acoustic wave transducer portion 30 is located on the outer surface of the tip constituting portion 7.
[0022]
The notch portion 7b is formed substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion. When the ultrasonic transducer portion 30 projects and retracts in response to the advance / retreat operation of the advance / retreat operation lever 3e, the ultrasonic transducer The outer peripheral surface portion of the portion 30 moves forward and backward with the opening end portion of the cutout portion 7b as a guide. That is, the notch 7b is used for both observation and guidance.
[0023]
In addition, an observation optical system 10 that captures an observation site is also arranged and fixed at a predetermined position integrally with the distal end constituting portion 7 by an adhesive or a screw. The observation optical system 10 includes a plurality of optical lenses 10a that form an optical image of an observation region on an imaging surface of a CCD (not shown), a lens frame 10b that holds these optical lenses 10a, and the like.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 3A, the distal end surface 7a of the distal end configuration portion 7 includes a treatment instrument outlet 11 that guides the treatment instrument to the observation site, an observation lens cover 12 that constitutes the observation optical system, and an illumination optical system. Nozzles for ejecting two illumination lens covers 13 and liquid for removing dirt and body fluids adhering to the surfaces of the lens covers 12 and 13, or air for blowing off liquid adhering to the surfaces of the lens covers 12 and 13 14 is disposed at a predetermined position.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 3B, a first bending piece 8a constituting the bending portion 8 is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the base end portion of the distal end constituting portion 7, and a plurality of bending portions are provided on the first bending piece 8a. The pieces 8b,..., 8b are rotatably connected. The outer peripheries of these bending pieces 8a, 8b,..., 8b are covered with a net tube 8c and an outer tube 8d. Further, a cap 15 is fixed to the tip constituting portion 7, and one end of a guide tube 16 that is inserted through the insertion portion 2 is fixed to the cap 15 by pincushion bonding or the like. A bending wire (not shown) is fixed to the bending piece 8a at a predetermined position.
[0026]
The ultrasonic transducer unit 30 includes an ultrasonic transducer 31 in which the direction of ultrasonic wave emission is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the insertion unit, a curved surface portion 32a on which the ultrasonic transducer 31 is disposed and fixed, and an elongated shaft unit. And a vibrator holder 32 that is rotated by a rotational driving force from a flexible shaft, which will be described later, and a through hole into which a shaft portion 32b of the vibrator holder 32 is loosely fitted. The vibrator main body 33 formed of a metal member such as stainless steel having a substantially convex shape in cross section having a recess formed with a female screw, and the shaft 32b of the vibrator holder 32 are slidably inserted. The large-diameter portion 34a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the male screw that is screwed into the female screw formed in the concave portion of the vibrator portion main body 33 and the through-hole of the vibrator portion main body 33 are engaged. Sliding shaft having a small diameter portion 34b A member 34 and a tip cap 35 formed of a material having excellent ultrasonic transmission properties, such as polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyether block amide, and the like, which is fixedly disposed on the tip side of the vibrator unit body 33 by pincushion bonding or the like. A lid body 36 having a screw part that is screwed into the tip cap 35 that is attached and detached when an ultrasonic transmission medium such as liquid paraffin, water, carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution, KY jelly, or the like is sealed in the tip cap 35. It is mainly composed. An escape recess 36 a that allows the end of the ultrasonic transducer 31 to be disposed is formed on the end cap space side of the lid 36.
[0027]
An advancing / retreating member that protrudes and retracts the ultrasonic transducer part 30 with respect to the distal end component part 7 in response to the operation of the advance / retreat operation lever 3e is provided on the base end side convex part of the vibrator part body 33, for example, stainless steel or the like. A metal sheath wire with a small diameter is formed in a net-like shape, and a bladed advance / retreat sheath with a blade and the like is formed into a layer structure by integral molding with an insulating resin member (the tip of 37 is fixed by, for example, bobbin bonding) ing.
[0028]
Further, a guide screw 38 for smoothly guiding and moving the ultrasonic transducer unit 30 in the longitudinal direction of the insertion unit in accordance with the advance / retreat movement of the advance / retreat sheath 37 is provided at a predetermined position on the side surface of the transducer unit body 33. Screwed and fixed. The base end portion of the guide screw 38 is disposed in a guide groove 7c formed in the inner portion of the vibrator portion storage space 21 facing the notch portion 7b in the insertion portion longitudinal axis direction.
[0029]
One end portion of a flexible shaft 39 having a hollow structure for transmitting a rotational driving force of a driving device (not shown) is fixed to the concave portion on the distal end side of the vibrator body 33. A signal cable 31 a that extends from the ultrasonic transducer 31 and transmits a drive signal for controlling the ultrasonic transducer 31 and a signal received by the ultrasonic transducer 31 is inserted into the flexible shaft 39. Yes. The flexible shaft 39 is inserted and arranged in a state of loosely fitting in the advance / retreat sheath 37.
[0030]
Reference numeral 40 denotes an ultrasonic wave reflection preventing member that prevents the ultrasonic wave emitted from the ultrasonic vibrator 31 from being reflected from the inner surface of the vibrator housing space 21. Reference numeral 41 denotes a first O-ring that prevents dirt and the like from entering the insertion portion 2. Reference numeral 42 indicates that the ultrasonic transmission medium sealed in the tip cap 35 leaks to the flexible shaft 39 side, or the lubricating oil sealed in the forward / backward sheath 37 for the purpose of improving slidability leaks into the tip cap. This is the second O-ring to prevent. Reference numeral 43 denotes a third O-ring that prevents the ultrasonic transmission medium and the lubricating oil from leaking through the gap between the vibrator body and the sliding bearing member. Reference numeral 44 denotes a sealing screw for sealing a through hole communicating with the space portion of the advance / retreat sheath 37 in which lubricating oil to be enclosed for the purpose of improving slidability is enclosed.
[0031]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the other end of the advance / retreat sheath 37 extends along a long hole 3 g formed in the base plate 3 f that is inserted through the guide tube 16 and fixed in the main operation portion 3. For example, the slide plate 3h configured to slide in the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion is disposed in the mouth portion 61a of the advance / retreat portion main body 61 having a through hole in the central portion constituting the advance / retreat mechanism portion 60 fixed by screws, for example. ing.
[0032]
Here, the advance / retreat mechanism 60 will be described.
The advance / retreat mechanism part 60 includes the mouth part 61a, a male screw part is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end part, and the advance / retreat part main body 61 is provided with a stepped hole at the base end part of the through hole. An elastic fixing member 62 formed in an O shape with an elastic rubber member or the like disposed on the outer periphery of the advance / retreat sheath 37 disposed on the body portion 61a, and the elastic fixing member 62 so as to press the elastic fixing member 62 from the distal end side. A pressing ring 63 that is a metal ring member disposed on the outer periphery of the advance / retreat sheath 37, and a collar portion that has a female screw portion that is screwed into the male screw portion of the advance / retreat portion main body 61 and holds the press ring 63. The first locking nut 64 having the above-described structure is disposed in the concave portion on the bottom surface side of the stepped hole, and the watertightness between the inner peripheral surface of the stepped hole and the outer peripheral surface of the hard shaft 51 constituting the driving force transmission mechanism unit 50 is maintained. For example, the packing part prevents the lubricating oil from leaking 65, a bearing 66 that is disposed in the opening-side recess of the stepped hole and that slidably holds the hard shaft 51, and a second set nut 67 that prevents the bearing 66 from falling out of the stepped hole. In order to prevent the lubricating oil injected into the advancing / retracting sheath 37 from leaking to the outside, it is mainly composed of a sealing screw 68 for sealing the injection port.
[0033]
When the advance / retreat sheath 37 is fixed to the mouth part 61 a, the first retaining nut 64 is screwed into the male screw part 61. Then, the pressing ring 63 moves as the first retaining nut 64 moves. When the pressing ring 63 starts to move, the elastic fixing member 62 is crushed and deformed so that the inner diameter is reduced. That is, the advance / retreat sheath 37 is fixedly disposed on the mouth part 61 a by deformation of the elastic fixing member 62.
[0034]
The other end of the flexible shaft 39 that is inserted and arranged in the advancing / retreating sheath 37 in a loosely fitted state and having one end fixed to the vibrator body 33 is the tip of the hard shaft 51 in the through hole of the advancing / retreating body 61. It is fixed to the part.
[0035]
Next, the driving force transmission mechanism 50 that transmits the rotational driving force of the driving motor 4b to the flexible shaft 39 will be described.
The driving force transmission mechanism portion 50 is formed of a hard hollow pipe member, and is fixedly disposed by a hard shaft 51 to which the flexible shaft 39 is fixed at a distal end portion and a set screw 52 at the other end portion of the hard shaft 51. A cylindrical slide block 53, a slide space 54a in which the slide block 53 is slidably disposed, and a long and narrow slide guide groove 54b communicating with the slide space 54a in the longitudinal axis direction. One end portion is fixed to the rotation transmission main body 54 and a base end portion of the rotation transmission main body 54, and the other end portion is fixed to an output shaft (not shown) of the drive motor 4b to transmit the rotational driving force of the drive motor 4b. It is fixed to the ground plane 3f having a hollow rotation output transmission shaft 55 and a projection 58a that rotatably holds the rotation output transmission shaft 55. It is mainly composed of a rotation transmission pace member 58.
[0036]
The rotation output transmission shaft 55 is rotatably held by a pair of bearings 56a and 56b disposed in the space of the protrusion 58a, and a spacer 57 that sets a distance between the bearing 56a and the bearing 56b to a predetermined interval. Has been.
[0037]
The slide block 53 is held by a rotation stop screw 53a disposed in the slide guide groove 54b of the rotation transmission main body 54 so as to be slidable without rotating in the slide space 54a.
[0038]
Therefore, when the rotation driving force of the drive motor 4b is transmitted to the rotation transmission main body 54 via the rotation output transmission shaft 55 and starts to rotate, the slide block disposed in the slide space portion 54a of the rotation transmission main body 54. 53 also starts rotating together. Then, the rotation of the slide block 53 is integrally fixed by the set screw 52 and the hard shaft 51 is rotated. As a result, the flexible shaft 39 fixed to the tip of the hard shaft 51 rotates and the ultrasonic transducer 31 rotates.
[0039]
The space portion on the side of the rotation output transmission shaft 55 of the slide space portion 54a has a signal cable 31a that is loose and left when the slide block 53 is disposed on the rotation output transmission shaft 55 side. It is comprised as a cable storage space part to be stored. Reference numeral 55a denotes a guide tube that is disposed at the base end portion of the lid body 59 and covers the rotation output transmission shaft 55 in a loosely fitted state. Reference numeral 59 denotes a lid 59 that prevents the bearings 56a and 56b and the spacer 57 arranged in the space of the protrusion 58a from dropping off.
[0040]
Next, the lever operation transmission mechanism unit 70 that transmits the operation of the advance / retreat operation lever 3e to the advance / retreat mechanism unit 60 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6A, 6B.
As shown in FIG. 6A, the base portion of the advance / retreat operation lever 3e is fixed to an advance / retreat operation lever shaft 3i that is arranged coaxially and rotatably with respect to the bending operation lever shaft 3j.
[0041]
A lever operation transmission mechanism 70 that transmits an operation instruction when the advance / retreat operation lever 3e is rotated to the advance / retreat mechanism 60 is, for example, a substantially L-shaped first fixed to the base of the advance / retreat operation lever 3e. One arm member 71, a second arm member 72 rotatably connected to the first arm member 71 by a first connecting pin 73a, and rotatably connected by the arm member 72 and a second connecting pin 73b. A lever operation transmission member that is slidably moved in the slide guide member 74 with the movement of the arm member 72, and is integrally fixed by the slide plate 3h fixed integrally with the advance / retreat portion main body 61 and the connecting member 75. 76.
[0042]
Accordingly, when the advance / retreat operation lever 3e is rotated, the operation instruction is transmitted from the advance / retreat operation lever 3e to the lever operation transmission member 76 via the first arm member 71 and the second arm member 72. The lever operation transmission member 76 moves in the slide guide member 74 in accordance with the operation of the arm members 71 and 72, and the slide plate 3h fixed integrally by the lever operation transmission member 76 and the connecting member 75. Starts moving. Then, the advancing / retreating part main body 61 fixed to the slide plate 3h moves, and the advancing / retreating sheath 37 is advanced / retracted so that the ultrasonic transducer part 30 protrudes and retracts with respect to the distal end constituting part 7. Yes.
[0043]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the lever operation transmission mechanism portion 70, the driving force transmission mechanism portion 50, and the advance / retreat mechanism portion 60 are arranged with the ground plane 3f interposed therebetween. The lever operation transmission mechanism 70 and the advance / retreat mechanism 60 are connected by a connecting member 75 through a long hole 3g formed in the main plate 3f and a long hole 74a formed in the slide guide member 74.
[0044]
When the advance / retreat operation lever 3e is positioned at the position shown in FIG. 6, the ultrasonic transducer section 30 is stored in the transducer section storage space section 21. Reference numeral 77 denotes a reinforcing plate disposed between the ground plate 3f and the slide guide member 74. The reinforcing plate 77 has a long hole 77a through which the connecting member 75 passes.
[0045]
The operation of the ultrasonic endoscope 1 configured as described above will be described.
First, the advance / retreat operation lever 3e is disposed at the position shown in FIGS. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7A, the ultrasonic transducer section 30 is stored in the transducer section storage space portion 21 formed in the tip configuration section 7, and in this state, While observing an endoscopic image obtained through the observation lens cover 12 constituting the observation optical system 10 of the endoscope 1, the insertion unit 2 is inserted to the target observation site.
[0046]
When ultrasonic scanning is performed with the ultrasonic transducer unit 30 kept in the distal end component 7, the position of the target observation site is confirmed through the observation lens cover 12, and then the drive motor 4b. Is driven to rotate the flexible shaft 39, and a hand operation such as a bending operation or a twisting operation is appropriately performed to place the notch 7b formed in the distal end constituting portion 7 at the target observation site. As a result, the ultrasonic transducer 31 fixed to the transducer holder 32 rotates, and ultrasonic waves are emitted to the target observation site, whereby an ultrasonic image of the target observation site is displayed on a display device (not shown). Ultrasonic observation can be performed.
[0047]
On the other hand, when the ultrasonic transducer 30 is protruded with respect to the tip component 7 and ultrasonic scanning is performed all around 360 °, the target observation site is observed through the observation lens cover 12. While performing, the advance / retreat operation lever 3e provided in the main operation unit 3 is moved in the direction of the broken line shown in FIG.
[0048]
At this time, even when the flexible shaft 39 is rotating, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the first arm member 71, in conjunction with the turning operation of the advance / retreat operation lever 3e, The lever operation transmission member 76 moves to the distal end side via the second arm member 72. As the lever operation transmission member 76 moves toward the distal end side, the advancing / retreating portion main body 61 fixed to the slide plate 3h integrally fixed to the lever operation transmission member 76 by the connecting member 75 moves. Thus, the advance / retreat sheath 37 moves to the distal end side.
[0049]
Then, the ultrasonic transducer part 30 gradually protrudes from the tip constituting part 7 with the notch part 7b and the guide groove 7c as a guide, and the ultrasonic vibration as shown in FIGS. 7 (b) and 7 (c). The child part 30 protrudes from the tip constituting part 7, and an ultrasonic image over the entire 360 ° circumference of the target observation site is displayed on a display device (not shown) so that ultrasonic observation can be performed.
[0050]
Note that, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the ultrasonic transducer section 30 is housed in the vibrator housing space 21 of the distal structure 7 as shown in FIG. 7 (a). 7, when the transducer body 33 is moved together with the advance / retreat sheath 37, the flexible shaft 39 is also moved integrally with the transducer body 33. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the hard shaft 51 fixed to the flexible shaft 39 moves, so that the slide block 53 moves the slide space portion 54a of the rotation transmission main body 54 to the tip side. To do. At this time, the signal cable 31a that has been loosened and left in the cable storage space is gradually extended.
[0051]
As described above, by appropriately operating the advance / retreat operation lever provided in the main operation unit, the ultrasonic transducer unit is stored in the transducer unit storage space or protruded from the distal end component unit. Desired ultrasonic observation can be selectively performed.
[0052]
In addition, the lever operation transmission mechanism, power transmission mechanism, and advance / retreat mechanism are arranged with the base plate in between, so that components can be efficiently arranged in the operation part, preventing an increase in size of the operation part. can do.
[0053]
Further, when the advancement / retraction operation of the ultrasonic transducer unit is performed by the advance / retreat operation of the sheath for advancement / retraction fixed to the transducer unit body constituting the ultrasonic transducer unit, the advancement / retraction operation is integrated with the movement of the transducer unit body. With the configuration in which the flexible shaft that is inserted through the sheath for movement moves, and the signal cable that is inserted through the flexible shaft in advance is loosened in the cable storage space, by the advance and retreat operation of the ultrasonic transducer unit, It is possible to reliably prevent the signal cable from being disconnected by pulling the flexible shaft.
[0054]
An arrangement is made in which the slide block 53 is slidable in the slide space portion 54a of the rotation transmission main body 54 and the rigid shaft 51 is fixed to the slide block 53 so that the slide block 53 can be moved forward and backward. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10 (d), a base end side shaft 51b in which, for example, a flat surface portion 51a facing the hard shaft 51 is provided. Then, as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the base end side shaft 51b is formed in a through hole 82 formed in a column guide member 81 disposed at the opening side end portion of the rotation transmission main body 54c having a recess 54d. Through the recess 54d.
[0055]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 10C, the shape of the through hole 82 of the columnar guide member 81 is formed to be similar to the outer shape of the proximal shaft 51b of the hard shaft 51, and the proximal side The shaft 51b slides through the through hole 82. The cylindrical guide member 81 is integrally fixed to the opening side end portion of the rotation transmission main body 54c by a screw 83.
[0056]
Thus, when the rotational driving force of the drive motor 4b is transmitted to the rotation transmission main body 54c via the rotation output transmission shaft 55 and starts rotating, the cylinder disposed at the opening side end of the rotation transmission main body 54c. The rigid shaft 51 having the flat surface portion 51a rotates as the guide member 81 rotates integrally. Therefore, by rotating the flexible shaft 39 fixed to the distal end portion of the hard shaft 51, the ultrasonic transducer 31 can be rotated to obtain the same operation as that of the above-described embodiment.
[0057]
Further, from the state in which the ultrasonic transducer 30 is housed in the transducer housing space 21 of the tip component 7 as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the tip component 7 as shown in FIG. 7 (b). When the transducer body 33 moves together with the advance / retreat sheath 37, the flexible shaft 39 also moves integrally with the transducer body 33 and is fixed to the base end of the flexible shaft 39. The proximal shaft 51b of the hard shaft 51 that has been slid on the through hole 82 can obtain the same action as in the above-described embodiment.
[0058]
And the assembly workability | operativity can be aimed at, such as omitting the operation | work which screw-fixes the hard shaft and slide block of the said embodiment.
[0059]
In this embodiment, when the lever operation transmission mechanism 70, the driving force transmission mechanism 50, and the advance / retreat mechanism 60 are disposed with the ground plate 3f disposed in the main operation section 3 interposed therebetween, the lever operation transmission mechanism 70 is disposed. This is a configuration in which an advancing / retreating center axis and an axis connecting the rotation center axis of the driving force transmission mechanism 50 and the advancing / retreating center axis of the advance / retreat mechanism 60 are arranged in parallel. However, depending on the arrangement position of the water supply, suction cylinder, water supply, water absorption tube and the like arranged in the main operation unit 3, the axis of the lever operation transmission mechanism unit 70 and the axis of the driving force transmission mechanism unit 50 as described above. And the axis connecting the axis of the advancing / retreating mechanism unit 60 are difficult to arrange in parallel, and there is a possibility that the operation unit may be enlarged by prioritizing the arrangement in the parallel state.
[0060]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the slide plate 3h and the lever operation transmitting member 76 are connected and fixed with the ground plate 3f interposed therebetween as shown in FIG. 11A, the advance / retreat mechanism 60 as shown in FIG. 11B. A long hole 85 is formed in the slide plate 3h to which the forward / backward moving portion main body 61 is fixed, and the connecting member 75 is fixed to the lever operation transmission member 76 through the long hole 85 so that the slide plate 3h is within the range of the long hole 85. It is configured to move. As a result, the axis L1 of the lever operation transmission mechanism 70 and the axis L2 of the advance / retreat mechanism 60 intersect each other.
[0061]
Further, as shown in FIG. 11C, when a forward / backward operation lever (not shown) is rotated and the lever operation transmission member 76 is moved to the distal end side via the second arm member 72, a long hole 85 is formed in the slide plate 3h. Thus, the slide plate 3h moves along the long hole 85, so that the advance / retreat mechanism 60 moves forward and backward in conjunction with the operation of the advance / retreat lever.
[0062]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 11 (d), the water supply cylinder 91, the suction cylinder 92, the distal-side air / water supply tube 93 extending from the cylinders 91, 92, and the distal end are disposed in the main operation unit 3. The lever operation transmission mechanism unit 70 is sandwiched between the ground plates 3f by using the empty space in which the side water absorption tube 94, the proximal side air supply tube 95, the proximal side water supply tube 96, the proximal side suction tube (not shown) and the like are arranged. When the driving force transmission mechanism 50 and the advance / retreat mechanism 60 are disposed, the axis L1 of the lever operation transmission mechanism 70, the axis of the driving force transmission mechanism 50, and the axis of the advance / retreat mechanism 60 that coincides with this axis. It is possible to dispose L2 at an angle θ.
[0063]
In this way, when arranging the lever operation transmission mechanism part, the driving force transmission mechanism part, and the advance / retreat mechanism part across the ground plate, an elongated hole is formed in the slide plate to which the advance / retreat part main body is fixed, and through this elongated hole. The connecting member is fixed to the lever operation transmission member, and the slide plate is movable in the range of the elongated hole, so that the sliding shaft of the lever operation transmission mechanism portion, the rotation center axis of the driving force transmission mechanism portion, and the forward and backward movement It can be arranged in a positional relationship intersecting the axis connecting the advance and retreat center axis of the mechanism unit. As a result, the degree of freedom of arrangement layout of each mechanism unit arranged on the main plate is greatly improved, and an increase in size of the operation unit is prevented.
[0064]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
[0065]
[Appendix]
According to the embodiment of the present invention as described above in detail, the following configuration can be obtained.
[0066]
(1) A distal end configuration unit provided with a transducer unit storage space for storing an ultrasonic transducer unit in which an ultrasonic transducer rotating by a driving force transmitted from a rotational drive source is disposed, and an endoscope operation unit In an ultrasonic endoscope comprising a bending portion that performs a bending operation according to an operation of a provided bending operation lever,
A driving force transmission member for rotationally driving the ultrasonic transducer;
An advancing / retracting member that is loosely fitted to cover the driving force transmitting member and causes the ultrasonic transducer part accommodated in the transducer part accommodating space to project and retract with respect to the tip component part;
An advancing / retreating mechanism portion that is disposed in the endoscope operation portion and slides in an insertion portion axial direction in which a proximal end portion of the advancing / retreating member is disposed;
An operation lever that is provided in the endoscope operation unit and performs an operation instruction to move the advance / retreat mechanism unit forward and backward;
A lever operation transmission mechanism unit that transmits an operation instruction from the operation lever to move the advance / retreat mechanism unit forward and backward, and
A driving force transmission mechanism that transmits a rotational driving force from a rotational driving source to the driving force transmission member;
An ultrasonic endoscope comprising:
[0067]
(2) The driving force transmission mechanism section includes a relative position adjusting means for setting a relative positional relationship between the advancing / retreating member that moves forward / backward by the movement of the advancing / retreating mechanism portion and the driving force transmitting member to a predetermined positional relationship. 1. The ultrasonic endoscope according to 1.
[0068]
(3) A ground plane is arranged in the endoscope operation section,
The ultrasonic endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein the lever operation transmission mechanism portion is disposed on one surface side of the base plate, and the driving force transmission mechanism portion and the advance / retreat mechanism portion are disposed on the other surface side.
[0069]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the ultrasonic transducer part is projected from the distal end of the insertion part with a simple operation without increasing the size of the operation part, such as increasing the diameter or increasing the thickness of the operation part. It is possible to provide an ultrasonic endoscope that can be observed in a closed state or in a state of being housed in the distal end portion.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the configuration of an ultrasonic endoscope.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram briefly explaining the internal mechanism of an ultrasonic endoscope.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the distal end portion of the ultrasonic endoscope
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the distal end side of the main operation unit of the ultrasonic endoscope
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram when the main operation unit is viewed from the reverse operation lever side.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the main operation unit on the advancing / retreating operation lever side.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the ultrasonic transducer unit with respect to the tip component part;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which the advance / retreat operation lever is operated so that the ultrasonic transducer part protrudes from the tip component part;
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the driving force transmission mechanism unit;
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating another configuration of the driving force transmission mechanism unit.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between a lever operation transmission mechanism unit arranged in the main operation unit, a driving force transmission mechanism unit, and an advance / retreat mechanism unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Ultrasound endoscope
2 ... Insertion section
3. Main operation part
3e ... Advance / retreat lever
4b ... Drive motor
7 ... tip component
30 ... Ultrasonic transducer
31 ... Ultrasonic transducer
37 ... Advance and retreat sheath
39 ... Flexible shaft
50: Driving force transmission mechanism
60. Advance and retreat mechanism
70: Lever operation transmission mechanism

Claims (1)

超音波診断するための超音波振動子を備え、体腔内に挿入される挿入部の先端に配置された超音波振動子部と、
前記挿入部の基端側に設けられ、回転力を発生させる回転駆動源を備えた操作部と、
前記操作部に設けられ、前記超音波振動子部の進退指示を行うためのレバー部と、
先端側を前記超音波振動子部に接続されるとともに、基端側を前記レバー部に接続され、前記レバー部の動作に応じて前記超音波振動子部を進退させる中空状に形成された進退部材としてのシース体と、
前記シース体内に挿通されて前記超音波振動子部を回転可能に保持するとともに、前記レバー部の進退に応じて前記シース体とともに進退動作する第1の駆動力伝達部材と、
前記回転駆動源に接続され、回転力を伝達させる第2の駆動力伝達部材と、
前記第1の駆動力伝達部材を進退方向に摺動可能に保持するとともに、前記第1の駆動力伝達部材を前記第2の駆動力伝達部材に対して回転方向に係止させる係止部を備え、回転する前記第2の駆動力伝達部材の回転力を前記第1の駆動力伝達部材に伝達させる駆動力伝達機構部と、
を具備することを特徴とする超音波内視鏡。
An ultrasonic transducer provided with an ultrasonic transducer for ultrasonic diagnosis, disposed at the tip of an insertion portion to be inserted into a body cavity;
An operation unit provided on a proximal end side of the insertion unit and provided with a rotation drive source for generating a rotational force;
A lever portion that is provided in the operation portion and for performing an advance / retreat instruction of the ultrasonic transducer portion;
The distal end side is connected to the ultrasonic transducer part, the proximal end side is connected to the lever part, and the forward and backward movement is formed in a hollow shape to advance and retract the ultrasonic vibrator part according to the operation of the lever part. A sheath body as a member;
A first driving force transmission member that is inserted into the sheath body and rotatably holds the ultrasonic transducer unit, and that moves forward and backward with the sheath body according to the advancement and retraction of the lever unit;
A second driving force transmission member connected to the rotational driving source and transmitting rotational force;
A locking portion that holds the first driving force transmission member slidably in the advancing / retreating direction and that locks the first driving force transmission member with respect to the second driving force transmission member in the rotation direction. comprising a driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational force of the second driving force transmitting member to rotate said first driving force transmitting member,
An ultrasonic endoscope comprising:
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JP5073415B2 (en) 2006-08-28 2012-11-14 オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 Ultrasound endoscope
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