JP3720334B2 - Two-pitch pitch name calculator, two-pitch pitch name calculation method and program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus, a method, and a program for calculating a pitch name between two notes on a musical score and assisting and promoting the development of a sense of pitch.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The pitch name is used to distinguish the difference between sounds. In the entrance examination problems at music colleges and music high schools, there is a problem of asking the pitch with an average score of about 20%. Therefore, it is essential for students to understand the pitch and solve the problem as soon as possible. Even if you don't take the entrance exam, it's essential to understand the pitch when you study music. Therefore, teachers engaged in music education create various styles of questions about pitch questions and spend a lot of time on them.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The pitch is determined based on a certain rule, but the rule is relatively complicated, and the procedure for obtaining the pitch is complicated. For this reason, it was difficult to create a problem during the class and prepare a correct answer immediately. Conventionally, there has not been an apparatus for calculating an academically correct pitch name between two pitches.
[0004]
The present invention calculates and displays academically correct names for the intervals between all two tones with single and multiple intervals. There has never been a device and program for this purpose, and the present invention is inventive and innovative.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The two-tone pitch name calculator according to the present invention is:
An input unit for receiving information on first and second notes on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
The first position number and the first keyboard number corresponding to the first sound on the staff based on a predetermined standard are obtained, and the second number on the staff based on the predetermined standard corresponding to the second sound. An input processing unit for determining the position number of the second key and the number of the second keyboard;
A storage unit for storing the first and second position numbers and the numbers of the first and second keyboards;
A table for storing in advance rules for calculating the pitch name;
A pitch name calculation that searches the table based on the first and second position numbers and the first and second keyboard numbers to obtain a pitch name between the first and second notes. A part.
[0006]
Preferably, the table increases in number corresponding to the frequency corresponding to the difference between the first and second position numbers and the number of keys corresponding to the difference between the numbers of the first and second keys. Pre-store names of pitch types including heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease,
The pitch name calculation unit obtains the frequency based on the first and second position numbers, and obtains the number of keys based on the first and second keyboard numbers, and the frequency and the number of keys. And the frequency is output together with the searched pitch type.
[0007]
Preferably, the pitch name calculation unit obtains an octave number based on the frequency, and outputs the octave number together with the pitch type and the frequency.
[0008]
Preferably, a switch for switching the display form of the multi-pitch is further provided, and the pitch name calculation unit does not output the octave number until a predetermined frequency when the switch is in a predetermined state.
[0009]
Preferably, it further includes a switch for switching a display mode of multiple pitches, and the pitch name calculation unit does not output the octave number up to a predetermined frequency for the multiple pitches when the switch is in a predetermined state.
[0010]
The two-tone pitch name calculator according to the present invention is:
A first input unit for receiving information of a first note on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
An input processing unit for obtaining a first position number and a first keyboard number on a staff based on a predetermined standard corresponding to the first sound;
The number of octaves, the name of the type of pitch including the heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease, and the pitch name consisting of the frequency of single or multiple intervals, and the second to be obtained A second input unit for receiving information relating to the distinction between whether the sound is above or below the first sound;
A table for storing in advance rules for calculating the pitch name;
The number of keys is calculated based on the number of octaves, the distinction, and the frequency of the pitch name, the table type is searched based on the pitch type name and the frequency, and the corresponding number of keys is determined. , The first position number and the first keyboard number, the position number of the second note and the second keyboard number to be obtained, the clef of the second note, and the position on the score And a pitch name calculation unit for obtaining a number and a temporary symbol.
[0011]
Preferably, the table stores in advance a relationship between a name of a pitch type including a heavy increase, a heavy increase, an increase, a long, a short, a complete, a decrease, a heavy decrease, and a heavy decrease, and a difference in the number of keys corresponding to the frequency. ing.
[0012]
Preferably, a keyboard position display unit that displays a position on the keyboard for at least one of the first sound and the second sound is provided.
[0013]
Preferably, a sound generation unit that generates at least one of the first sound and the second sound is provided.
[0014]
Preferably, at least one of the first sound and the second sound is provided with a sound display unit that displays a clef, a temporary symbol, and a position of the clef on the staff and numerically indicates a position number on the score.
[0015]
Preferably, a pitch name conversion unit that converts at least one of the first sound and the second sound into a pitch name is provided.
[0016]
The method of calculating a pitch name between two sounds according to the present invention is as follows:
Receiving information on the first and second notes on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
Obtaining a first position number and a first keyboard number on a staff based on a predetermined standard corresponding to the first sound;
Obtaining a second position number and a second keyboard number on a staff based on a predetermined standard corresponding to the second sound;
Obtaining a frequency corresponding to a difference between the first and second position numbers;
Obtaining a number of keys corresponding to a difference between the numbers of the first and second keys;
A step of preparing a table that stores in advance names of pitch types including heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, and heavy decrease corresponding to the frequency and the number of keys. When,
Searching the table based on the frequency and the number of keys to obtain a pitch name between the first sound and the second sound;
Outputting the frequency together with the searched pitch type.
[0017]
Preferably, further, obtaining an octave number based on the frequency,
Converting the frequency to a frequency of a single pitch based on the octave number.
[0018]
Preferably, the step of comparing the level of the first sound and the second sound based on the first and second position numbers or the numbers of the first and second keyboards, and a level comparison result, Outputting.
[0019]
The method of calculating a pitch name between two sounds according to the present invention is as follows:
Receiving information on the first note on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
Obtaining a first position number and a first keyboard number on a staff based on a predetermined standard corresponding to the first sound;
The number of octaves, the name of the type of pitch including the heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease, and the pitch name consisting of the frequency of single or multiple intervals, and the second to be determined Receiving a sound and information relating to the distinction of either above or below the first sound;
Obtaining a frequency to be added based on the frequency of the octave number and the distinction and the pitch name;
A table that stores in advance the relationship between the name of the pitch type including the heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease and the difference in the number of keys corresponding to the frequency is input. Searching the table based on the name of the pitch type and the frequency to obtain a difference in the number of corresponding keys;
Obtaining the position number of the second sound and the number of the second keyboard to be obtained based on the difference between the frequency and the number of keys and the first position number and the number of the first keyboard;
Obtaining a clef of the second sound, a position number on a musical score, and a temporary symbol.
[0020]
The present invention is a program for causing a computer to execute the above method for calculating a pitch name between two notes on a score.
The present invention is a program for causing a computer to execute the above method for calculating a sound on another score based on one sound and a pitch name on the score.
[0021]
The program according to the present invention is recorded on a recording medium, for example.
Examples of the medium include EPROM devices, flash memory devices, flexible disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks, CDs (including CD-ROMs and Video-CDs), DVDs (DVD-Videos, DVD-ROMs, DVD-s). RAM), ROM cartridge, RAM memory cartridge with battery backup, flash memory cartridge, nonvolatile RAM cartridge, and the like.
[0022]
In addition, a communication medium such as a wired communication medium such as a telephone line and a wireless communication medium such as a microwave line is included. The Internet is also included in the communication medium here.
[0023]
A medium is a medium in which information (mainly digital data, a program) is recorded by some physical means, and allows a processing device such as a computer or a dedicated processor to perform a predetermined function. is there. In short, any means may be used as long as it downloads a program to a computer and executes a predetermined function by any means.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 of the Invention
An apparatus / method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This apparatus / method receives two sounds and obtains and displays the pitch name.
[0025]
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of this apparatus, and FIG. 2 shows an example of the operation and display panel of this apparatus. This device is realized by installing software that performs the following processing on a personal computer or PDA. Alternatively, it can also be realized by a dedicated device having a built-in CPU and a program for performing the following processing as firmware. If it is a dedicated device, even if you do not use a PC or you can not use it, you can easily operate quickly without choosing a place, and you can get an answer instantly. In particular, if a battery is built in a dedicated device and is configured to be small and light and portable, it can be used while moving anywhere and is convenient.
[0026]
Reference numeral 1 denotes a clef input unit. The symbols entered here are the octave upper violin symbol (octave upper treble symbol), violin symbol (treble clef symbol), soprano symbol (sound symbol), mesosoplano symbol (sound symbol), alto symbol (sound symbol) ), Tenor symbol (sound symbol), baritone symbol (sound symbol), bass symbol (sound symbol), bass bass symbol (sound symbol below octave).
[0027]
Reference numeral 2 denotes a position number input unit on the score. This is, for example, a numeric keypad, and the user directly inputs a number. The definition of the position number on the score is shown in FIG.
[0028]
Reference numeral 3 denotes a temporary symbol input unit. The symbols input here are double flat (♭♭), flat (♭), natural, sharp (#), and double sharp (x).
[0029]
An input processing unit 4 converts the input symbol / number into a staff number and a keyboard number. The definition of the keyboard number is shown in FIG. Details of this processing will be described later (see FIG. 3).
[0030]
Reference numeral 5 denotes a memory for storing the converted staff number and keyboard number together with the input clef, the position number on the score, and the temporary symbol. The memory 5 includes two memories, an A sound information memory 5a and a B sound information memory 5b. The memory 5a stores information on a sound (A sound) input first by the user, and the memory 5b stores information on a sound (B sound) input next.
[0031]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a position on the keyboard of the A and B sounds stored in the memory 5. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, on the keyboard displayed on the screen, the keyboard corresponding to the A sound is displayed in red, and the keyboard corresponding to the B sound is displayed in green.
[0032]
Reference numeral 7 denotes a sound generator for generating sounds of A and B sounds.
[0033]
Reference numeral 8 denotes an A / B sound staff position display section for displaying the A and B sounds. In the display unit 8, the A and B sounds are indicated on the musical score by the numerical value of the position number on the score together with the clef, the temporary symbol, and the position thereof.
[0034]
Reference numeral 9 denotes a pitch name conversion unit that refers to the table 11 and converts the A and B sounds into pitch names. The table 11 includes an Italian note name table, a Japanese note name table, an English note name table, and a German note name table.
[0035]
Reference numeral 10 denotes an A / B sound name display section for displaying the names of the A sound and the B sound.
[0036]
Reference numeral 12 denotes a pitch name calculation unit that calculates a pitch name based on the staff number and the keyboard number in the memory 5 while referring to the pitch name calculation rule table 14. Details of this processing will be described later (see FIG. 4). At the same time, the level of A and B is compared.
[0037]
Reference numeral 13 denotes a pitch name display section for displaying the obtained pitch name. At the same time, the comparison results of the A and B sounds are displayed.
[0038]
In FIG. 1, a clef input unit 1 to a temporary symbol input unit 3 inputs a clef, a number on a staff notation uniquely used in the present invention, and information on a temporary symbol for any two notes on the score. It corresponds to the input unit. The pitch name calculation unit 12 is composed of three elements: the frequency based on the difference between the stem sounds calculated from the numbers on the staff, the number of octaves when the complex pitch is changed to a single pitch, and the type of pitch (described later). Calculate an academically correct pitch name.
[0039]
In the case of a single pitch, this device uses 1 to 7 degrees for frequency and 8 degrees only for single pitch, and for pitch types, 1, 4, 5, and 8 degrees full pitch and 2, 3, Long and short pitches of 6 and 7 degrees and all of them, heavy increments and all of their reductions except for 1 degree, and major reductions, octave numbers for complex pitches, and octave numbers for complete pitch of 8 pitches Display only answers.
[0040]
For example, in FIG. 2, when the A note is a treble clef, stave number = 28, and a temporary sign = #, the note names are Italian, Japanese, English, and German, respectively.¹, Gis¹Is displayed. When the B note is a clef, stave number = 41, and a temporary symbol = ♭, the note names are Italian, Japanese, English, and German, respectively.³, Des³Is displayed. The pitch names of the A and B sounds are displayed as “1 octave and 5 degrees of decrement” and “B is above A”.
[0041]
The rules for the pitch name calculation will be described. The pitch name is used to distinguish the difference between sounds. The pitch name is given according to the following rules.
・ Sound intervals are expressed in degrees (1 degree, 2 degrees,...). The number attached to each degree is the number of stem sounds included in each pitch (the stem sounds correspond to white keys on the keyboard). At this time, the frequency does not change even if a temporary symbol (#, ♭, etc.) is attached.
-Due to the addition of a temporary symbol, a wide interval and a narrow interval are generated in semitone units even at the same frequency. In order to distinguish between them, the frequency is preceded by “increase”, “increase”, “increase”, “long”, “short”, “complete”, “decrease”, “decrease”, or “heavy decrease”. A heavy increase has the widest pitch range, and a heavy decrease has the narrowest pitch range. For example, if the length of 6 degrees is narrowed by a semitone, the length is 6 degrees, and if the length of a semitone is further narrowed, it is a decrease of 6 degrees.
・ However, 1st, 4th, 5th, and 8th are complete, increasing, decreasing, heavy increasing, heavy decreasing, heavy increasing, and heavy decreasing, but long and short names are not given.
・ Also, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 7 degrees are long, short, long, short, increase, decrease, heavy increase, heavy decrease, heavy increase, heavy decrease, but not the complete name.
-A pitch with a spread of one octave or more is called a complex pitch, and a pitch within one octave is called a single pitch. For example, a decrease of 8 degrees is a single pitch, and an increase of 8 degrees is a multiple pitch. Strictly speaking, the 8 degree reduction should be regarded as a complex pitch because the stem sound can be counted twice, but it is customary to be treated as a single pitch because it is narrower than the octave. Yes.
[0042]
The terminology used in the detailed description of the invention will be briefly described.
A score is a staff notation on which clefs and notes are written. Strictly speaking, even a staff score in which only clefs are written and notes are not written is a score, but conversely, a staff not having a clef symbol and having only notes is not a score.
A staff score is one in which only five lines are written.
Note: 5 lines are expressed regardless of notes = quarter notes or eighth notes (♪).
Therefore, strictly speaking, the position number input by the position number input unit 2 is correctly expressed as “the position number of the note on the score on the staff score”. However, what is input in the position number input unit 2 is expressed as “position number on the score”, and then converted to a treble clef, “number on the staff” and “number on the staff”. There is no problem. For the sake of clarity, the following expression is used.
[0043]
Next, a specific example of processing of this apparatus / method will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.
[0044]
FIG. 3 shows a sound input process. This is common for A and B sounds.
[0045]
S1: Receive a clef.
One of the octave upper violin symbol (octave upper treble symbol) to the octave lower bass symbol (octave lower treble symbol) is received from the clef input unit 1.
[0046]
S2: A coefficient wa2 / wb2 for converting to a treble clef is obtained.
In this apparatus / method, processing is performed based on the case where the sound part is a treble clef. Therefore, a correction coefficient for cases other than the case of a treble clef is obtained. Actually, a table (W table) shown in FIG. 5 is prepared in advance. Here, the meaning of the clef w1 is as follows.
・ Violine symbol on octave (overtone symbol on octave) = 1
・ Violin symbol (G clef) = 2
・ Soprano symbol (sound symbol) = 3
・ Meso-soprano symbol (sound symbol) = 4
・ Alto symbol (sound symbol) = 5
・ Tenor symbol (sound symbol) = 6
-Baritone symbol (sound symbol) = 7
・ Bus sign (H clef) = 8
・ Lower octave bass symbol (octave lower treble clef) = 9
[0047]
S3: Receive the position number xa / xb1 on the score.
A number input from the position number input unit (tenkey) 2 is received. The definition of the position number on the score is shown in FIG.
[0048]
S4: According to the following formula, the number is converted into a staff number xa2 / xb2 when converted to a treble clef.
xa2 = xa1 + wa2, xb2 = xb1 + wb2
[0049]
S5: Obtain the octave number and the like. In addition, you may refer to the table | surface (XY table) of FIG. 6 instead of performing the following calculation.
・ Calculate the octave number na / nb based on the following formula.
    na = trunc ((xa2 + 4) ÷ 7), nb = trunc ((xb2 + 4) ÷ 7)
Calculate stem number pa / pb with white key within n + 1 octave.
    pa = (xa2-2) -7 × (na-1),pb = (xb2-2) -7 × (nb-1)
Calculate the number of black keys ra / rb within n + 1 octaves.
    ra = if (pa> 3, 2 × (pa-1), 2 × (pa-1) +1), rb = if (pb> 3, 2 × (pb-1), 2 × (pb-1) +1)
Calculate the keyboard number ya1 / yb1 corresponding to xa2 / xb2.
    ya1 = 12 × (na-1) + ra + 3, yb1 = 12 × (nb-1) + rb + 3
[0050]
S6: The presence / absence of a temporary symbol is determined. When there is a temporary symbol, the processes of S7 to S9 are performed.
[0051]
S7: Receive a temporary symbol.
The temporary symbol input unit 3 receives one of double flat (♭♭), flat (♭), natural, sharp (#), and double sharp (×).
[0052]
S8: Obtain a coefficient za2 / zb2 for correcting the number ya1 / yb1 and the stem number pa / pb of the keyboard to be changed by the temporary symbol. Actually, a table (Z table) shown in FIG. 7 is prepared in advance.
Here, the meaning of the temporary symbol z1 is as follows.
・ Double flat (♭♭) = 1
・ Flat (♭) = 2
・ Natural = 3
・ Sharp (#) = 4
・ Double sharp (×) = 5
[0053]
S9: The keyboard number ya1 / yb1 is converted to the keyboard number ya2 / yb2 reflecting the temporary symbol.
ya2 = ya1 + za2, yb2 = yb1 + zb2
Through the processes of S1 to S9, the staff number xa2 / xb2 and the keyboard number ya2 / yb2 required for obtaining the pitch name for each of the A and B sounds can be obtained.
FIG. 4 shows a pitch name calculation process.
[0054]
S10: The difference between the numbers Aa / B of the sound A / Bb xa2 / xb2 is obtained.
[0055]
S11: A frequency xab3 between the A sound and the B sound is obtained based on the difference xab1 = xa2-xb2. Specifically, processing is performed based on the following equation.
xab2 = if (xab1 <0, xab1-1, xab1 + 1)
xab3 = if (xab2 <0, xab2 × (-1), xab2)
[0056]
S12: The octave number m2 between the A sound and the B sound is obtained. Specifically, processing is performed based on the following equation.
    m1 = if (xab3> 8,trunc (xab2 ÷ 7), 0)
    m2 = if (m1 <0, m1 × (-1), m1)
[0057]
S13: The frequency xab3 is changed to the frequency xab4 of a single pitch. Specifically, processing is performed based on the following equation.
xab4 = if (xab3> 8, xab3-7 × m2, xab3)
[0058]
S14: Check whether the frequency xab4 = 7 degrees or 8 degrees. When it is 7 degrees or 8 degrees, the frequency and octave number are corrected in S15.
[0059]
S15: The frequency and the octave number are corrected. Specifically, processing is performed based on the following equation.
xab5 = if (m2> 0, if (xab4 = 0, 7, if (xab4 = 1, 8, xab4)), xab4)
m3 = if (m2> 0, if (xab4 = 0, m2-1, if (xab4 = 1, m2-1, m2)), m2)
[0060]
S16: The difference between the keyboard numbers ya2 / yb2 between the A and B sounds is obtained.
[0061]
S17: Based on the difference yab1 = ya2-yb2, the number of keys yab2 between the A and B notes is obtained. Specifically, processing is performed based on the following equation.
yab2 = if (yab1 <0, yab1 × (-1), yab1)
[0062]
S18: The number of keyboards yab2 is changed to the number of keyboards yab3 of a single pitch. Specifically, processing is performed based on the following equation.
yab3 = yab2-12 × m3
[0063]
S19: A pitch type name f1 is obtained based on the frequency xab5 and the keyboard number yab3. Specifically, the name f1 is obtained with reference to the table (Table F) in FIG. The table F stores in advance the names of pitch types corresponding to the frequency xab5 and the keyboard number yab3 (heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy increase, heavy decrease).
[0064]
S20: Based on the frequency xab5 and the number of keyboards yab3, the octave number is calculated according to the type of pitch when the single pitch is 8 °. This is because when the frequency is 8 degrees, there are both cases where it is 1 octave or more and cases where it is the following. A pitch with a spread of one octave or more is called a complex pitch, and a pitch within one octave is called a single pitch. For example, a decrease of 8 degrees is a single pitch, and an increase of 8 degrees is a multiple pitch. Specifically, processing is performed based on the following equation.
m4 = if (m3> 0, if (xab5 = 8, if (yab3> = 12, m3 + 1, m3), m3), if (xab5 = 8, if (yab3> 12, m3 + 1, m3), m3))
[0065]
S21: Based on the frequency xab5 and the keyboard number yab3, the frequency non-display processing and the pitch type name non-display processing at the complete 8 ° are performed.
[0066]
S22: Based on the frequency xab5 and the keyboard number yab3, frequency change processing to 1 degree is performed at 8 degrees, 8 degrees, and 8 degrees.
S23: Display processing of octave m4 in the case of complete 8 degrees and other cases in the pitch including octave.
[0067]
S24: Display processing of the pitch type f1 and the frequency xab6 is performed.
[0068]
S25: A / B sound level comparison display processing is performed. The height can be determined by comparing xa2 and xb2.
[0069]
Through the above processing, it is possible to display an accurate pitch name and a comparison result between the A sound and the B sound. For example, the pitch names of the A and B sounds are displayed as “1 octave and 5 degrees of decrement” and “B is above A”.
[0070]
According to the present apparatus / method, the user can confirm the academically correct display and listen to one or both of the two sounds at the same time, so it is excellent in cultivating the sense of sound. have.
[0071]
In addition, it is possible to listen to the actual sound of the two sounds, and to assist and promote to develop a sense of correctly determining the pitch name between the two sounds.
[0072]
Moreover, since the thing regarding the A sound mentioned above is displayed in red, the thing regarding B sound is displayed in green, and the thing between two sounds is displayed in yellow, a user can recognize immediately.
[0073]
It should be noted that “a pitch having a spread of one octave or more is called a complex pitch, and a pitch within one octave is called a single pitch. For example, a decrease of 8 degrees is a single pitch and an increase of 8 degrees is a complex pitch.” It was. For this reason, the above-described device displays the number of octaves and a single pitch.
[0074]
However, for complex intervals, there is a convention that you can answer without adding an octave number up to 12 degrees, and there are two ways to answer from 8 degrees to 9 degrees, 10 degrees, 11 degrees, and 12 degrees. forgiven. In the display according to the convention (display with multiple pitches), when it is 9 degrees, 10 degrees, 11 degrees, 12 degrees, these are 1 octave, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, It differs only in terms.
[0075]
Therefore, the configuration or processing of the above-described apparatus may be changed so that two types of display can be selected. For example, a switch (hardware switch or software switch) that switches between “display by octave number and single pitch” (or “normal display”) and “display by double pitch” (or “12 degree display”) is provided. When selected, the above-described processing is performed, and when the latter is selected, the next processing is performed.
[0076]
S19 ': A pitch type name f1' is obtained based on the frequency xab3 and the keyboard number yab2. Specifically, the name f1 ′ is obtained with reference to the table (F ′ table) in FIG. The F 'table stores in advance names of pitch types corresponding to the frequency xab3 and the keyboard number yab2.
f1 '= index (F' table, xab3-7, yab2-9,1): However, when 7 <xab3 <13
S23 ': Display processing is performed.
d '= f1' & xab3 & "degree" (when 7 <xab3 <13)
C '= d' & e (when 7 <xab3 <13): Solution of the pitch name between two notes (displayed with multiple pitches). However, e is a high / low comparison display of A / B sound.
FIG. 11 shows a pitch name calculation processing flowchart when a display changeover switch is provided. This flowchart shows only the part related to the display switching process and the multi-pitch display process.
[0077]
In “Display with multiple pitches” (or “12 degrees display”), 1 octave and 2 degrees are short 9 degrees, 1 octave and 3 degrees are 10 degrees long, 1 octave and 4 degrees are completely 11 degrees, 1 Octave and 5 degree increase are displayed as 12 degree increase, respectively. However, 2 octaves and 10 degrees long are wrong, and 3 octaves and 3 degrees long are correct. The above expression can handle this exception. Further, according to the above formula, in the case of “complete 8 degrees”, the display by the complex pitch is “complete 8 degrees”, and in the normal display, “1 octave”, and the frequency is not displayed. Similarly, in the case of a complex pitch of “perfect 8 degrees”, only the number of octaves is displayed, such as “2 octaves”, “3 octaves”, and so on.
[0078]
Embodiment 2 of the Invention
The apparatus / method according to the first embodiment of the invention receives two sounds and obtains and displays the pitch name. The apparatus / method according to the second embodiment of the invention includes a single sound and a pitch name (exactly, octave number, heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease) Receives the input of the name of the pitch type and the pitch name consisting of the frequency of single pitch or multiple pitch, and whether the second tone to be obtained is either above or below the first tone), and corresponds to the pitch name The sound to be played is sought and displayed. This processing can be performed using the same or equivalent to each table used in the first embodiment of the invention (in the second embodiment, the F2 table is used instead of the F table and the F ′ table). ).
[0079]
FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram of the apparatus according to the second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 13 shows an example of the operation and display panel of the apparatus. The apparatus shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 is similar to that of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, but the octave number input unit 20 for inputting the octave number as a reference when obtaining other sounds, and the name of the pitch name. It differs in that it includes a pitch name name input unit 21 for inputting, a pitch name frequency input unit 22 for inputting the frequency of the pitch name, and a top / bottom distinction input unit 23 for designating which direction the sound is to be obtained. Further, the memory 5b is different in that information such as a pitch name input in 20 to 23 is stored.
[0080]
12 and FIG. 13, when information on one sound (A sound) (including clef, position number on music score and temporary symbol) and information such as a pitch name are input, another sound ( B sound) information (including the clef symbol, the position number on the score and the temporary symbol) is displayed on the display units 8b and 10b. Or you may display on the display part 13. FIG. The point of displaying the position of the A sound or B sound on the keyboard or generating sound is the same as in the first embodiment of the invention.
[0081]
FIG. 14 shows data contents and a table used in the second embodiment of the invention. 100 is the data of the input A sound, wa1 is a note symbol, xa1 is a position number on the staff, and za1 is a temporary symbol number. 101 is data such as the input pitch name, M1oct is the number of octaves, F2 'is the name of the pitch name, XAB1 is the frequency of the pitch name, and H1 is a distinction between upper and lower. Reference numeral 102 denotes the obtained B sound data. Reference numeral 103 denotes a table showing the relationship between the pitch name and the coefficient. Reference numeral 104 denotes an upper / lower distinction table. Reference numeral 105 denotes a temporary symbol table.
[0082]
FIG. 15 shows a table of the difference between the names of pitch types in the octave and the number of keys corresponding to the frequency. The numerical value (1-12) of f2 is a frequency.
[0083]
The basic processing procedure in the second embodiment of the invention is the same as that in the first embodiment of the invention. Hereinafter, the processing of the second embodiment of the invention will be specifically described.
[0084]
For example, the note symbol of the given A note (first note) is the treble clef (wa1 = 2), the position number on the staff is 24 (xa1 = 24), and the temporary symbol number is 4 (za1 = 4) Yes, the number of octaves given is 1 (M1oct = 1), the pitch name is 5 degrees (F2 '= 8, XAB1 = 5), and the B sound (second sound) to be obtained is below (H1 = 2 ) The process for obtaining the B sound will be specifically described.
[0085]
First, processing of the A sound will be described.
101 wa1 = 2: Set the input note symbol. 2 is a treble clef
103 wa2 = index (W table, wa1, 1) or = 0: The coefficient of the input note symbol is extracted from the W table. index is a function that returns a value in a table or cell range, or a cell reference for that value. In the case of a treble clef (wa1 = 2), it is 0.
105 xa1 = 24: Set the position number on the input staff.
106 xa2 = xa1 + wa2: Finds the position number on the score when converted to a treble clef. In this example, xa2 = 24 + 0 = 24.
107 na = trunc ((xa + 4) / 7): Find the octave number where xa2 is located. trunc is a function that truncates the decimal part of a number and converts it to an integer or a specified number of digits. In this example, na = (24 + 4) / 7 = 4.
108 pa = (xa2-2) -7 * (na-1): Xa2 white key (seven stem sounds) number in n + 1 octave is obtained. In this example, it is 1.
109 ra = if (pa> 3, 2 * (pa-1), 2 * (pa-1) +1): A number (12 tones) including the black key of xa2 within n + 1 octave is obtained. In this example, it is 1.
110 ya1 = 12 * (na-1) + ra + 3: Find the keyboard symbol with the xa2 accidental symbol added. In this example, ya1 = 12 * (4-1) + 1 + 3 = 40.
112 za1 = 4: Set the input accidental number.
114 za2 = if (za1> 0, index (Z table, za1,1), 0): The coefficient of the input temporary symbol is extracted from the Z table. In this example, za2 = 1.
115 ya2 = ya1 + za2: Obtains the keyboard number with the xa2 accidental symbol added. In this example, ya2 = 40 + 1 = 41.
[0086]
Next, find the number of octaves, the name of the type of pitch including heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease, and the pitch name consisting of the frequency of single pitch or multiple pitch. A process relating to the distinction between whether the second sound should be above or below the first sound will be described. The given octave number is 1 (M1oct = 1), the pitch name is 5 degrees deep (F2 ′ = 8, XAB1 = 5), and the B sound (second sound) to be obtained is lower (H1 = 2).
[0087]
401 M1 = 1: Sets the octave number.
402 H1 = 2: Set whether the B sound is up or down. For example, upper = 1 and lower = 2.
403 H2 = index (H table, H1,1,1): The coefficient for comparing the upper and lower levels is read from the H table. The contents of the H table are 1 for the upper (1) and -1 for the lower (2). In this example, H2 = -1.
404 M2 = M1 * H2: Calculate the number of octaves to be added by comparing the upper and lower levels. In this example, M2 = 1 * (-1) =-1.
405 XAB1 = 5: Set the frequency.
406 XAB2 = (XAB1-1) * H2: The frequency to be added is determined by comparing the upper and lower levels. In this example, XAB2 = (5-1) * (-1) =-4.
407 wb1 = 8: Sets the name of the pitch type. Based on this, a clef is displayed.
408 wb2 = index (W table, wb1, 1): The coefficient of the note symbol is extracted from the W table. In this example, wb2 = -12.
409 xb2 = xa2 + 7 * M2 + XAB2: The position number on the score of the B note in the G clef is obtained. In this example, xb2 = 24 + 7 * (-1) + (-4) = 13.
410 xb1 = xb2-wb2: The position number on the score of the B sound by the designated clef is obtained. Based on this, a number display and a position on the score are displayed. In this example, xb1 = 13-(-12) = 25.
411 nb = trunc ((xb2 + 4) / 7): finds the octave number where xb2 is located. In this example, nb = ((13 + 4) / 7) = 2.
412 pb = (xb2-2) -7 * (nb-1): xb2 white key (seven stem sounds) number in n + 1 octave is obtained. In this example, pb = (13-2) -7 * (2-1) = 4.
413 rb = if (pb> 3, 2 * (pb-1), 2 * (pb-1) +1): A number (12 sounds) including the black key of xb2 within n + 1 octaves is obtained. In this example, rb = 6.
414 yb1 = 12 * (nb-1) + rb + 3: A keyboard number corresponding to the position of the stem sound of xb2 is obtained. In this example, yb1 = 21.
415 YAB1 = index (F2 table, XAB1, f2 ′): The difference in the number of keys corresponding to the pitch name by F and XAB1 in the octave is extracted from the F2 table. In this example, YAB1 = 9.
416 YAB2 = YAB1 * H2: Find the difference in the number of keys in the octave to be added by comparing the upper and lower levels. In this example, YAB2 = -9.
417 yb2 = ya2 + 12 * M2 + YAB2: Obtain the keyboard position number of the B note. Based on this, the position on the keyboard is displayed. In this example, yb2 = 20.
418 zb2 = yb2-yb1: Find the coefficient of the accidental symbol. In this example, zb2 = -1.
419 zb1 = z2 + 3: Find the accidental number. In this example, zb1 = 2.
420 zb = index (Z ′ table, zb1,1,1): A temporary symbol is obtained from the Z ′ table. Based on this, a temporary symbol on the keyboard is displayed.
[0088]
Through the above processing, the B clef, the position number on the score, and the temporary symbol are obtained.
[0089]
In the entrance examination of the College of Music, there is also a questioning method in which an arbitrary sound and pitch name on the score are presented, a sound that is related to that pitch is found, and the obtained solution is answered by a specified clef. . According to the second embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to cultivate a musical sensation that can instantly answer these issues and to promote improvement of the basic music ability.
[0090]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.
[0091]
In the present specification, means does not necessarily mean physical means, but includes cases where the functions of each means are realized by software. Furthermore, the function of one means may be realized by two or more physical means, or the functions of two or more means may be realized by one physical means.
[0092]
【The invention's effect】
This device and program are based on music theory and music, and music professionals, people who are aiming to be music professionals, and all people who are studying music as a hobby can play any two notes on the score. Each of two or three types of information can be input by simple key operation, and the pitch between two notes generated by the two notes described above is expressed by the octave number, the kind of pitch, and the frequency. Academically correct names can be displayed. Users can understand academically correct names.
In addition, another sound can be obtained by inputting one note and a pitch name on the score.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is an example of a panel of the device.
FIG. 3 is an A / B sound input process flowchart of the method according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a pitch name calculation process flowchart of the method according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an example of a clef correction coefficient table according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an example of a table related to octave calculation according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is an example of a temporary symbol correction coefficient table according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is an example of a table of pitch type names according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of numbers on the staff according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of 88 keyboard numbers according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a pitch name calculation processing flowchart when a display changeover switch is provided according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 13 is an example of a panel of the device.
FIG. 14 is an example of a table according to the second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 15 is an example of a table of differences in pitch numbers corresponding to names and frequencies of pitch types in an octave according to the second embodiment of the invention;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Clef input section
2 Position number input section on the score
3 Temporary symbol input section
4 Input processing section
5 memory
5a A sound information memory
5b B sound information memory
6 Keyboard position display
7 Sound generator
8 A / B sound staff position display
9 Pitch name converter
10 A / B note name display
11 Note name table
12 Pitch name calculation part
13 Pitch name display
14 Pitch name calculation rule table
20 octave number input section
21 Pitch name name input section
22 Pitch name frequency input part
23 Upper / lower distinction input part

Claims (10)

An input unit for receiving information on first and second notes on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
Obtaining a first position number and a first keyboard number on the staff based on the definition of the position number on the score corresponding to the first sound, and a position number on the score corresponding to the second sound An input processing unit for obtaining a second position number and a second keyboard number on the staff based on the definition of
A storage unit for storing the first and second position numbers and the numbers of the first and second keyboards;
A table for storing in advance rules for calculating the pitch name;
A pitch name calculation that searches the table based on the first and second position numbers and the first and second keyboard numbers to obtain a pitch name between the first and second notes. With
The table corresponds to the frequency corresponding to the difference between the first and second position numbers and the number of keys corresponding to the difference between the numbers of the first and second keyboards. Pre-store names of pitch types including increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease,
The pitch name calculation unit obtains the frequency based on the first and second position numbers, and obtains the number of keys based on the first and second keyboard numbers, and the frequency and the number of keys. The two-pitch interval name calculator is characterized in that the table is searched based on the pitch and the frequency is output together with the searched pitch type.   2. The pitch interval name calculator according to claim 1, wherein the pitch name calculation unit calculates an octave number based on the frequency and outputs the octave number together with the pitch type and the frequency. In addition, it has a switch that switches the display mode of multiple pitches,
The interval name calculator according to claim 2, wherein the interval name calculator does not output the octave number until a predetermined frequency when the switch is in a predetermined state. A first input unit for receiving information of a first note on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
An input processing unit for obtaining a first position number and a first keyboard number on the staff based on the definition of the position number on the score corresponding to the first sound;
The number of octaves, the name of the type of pitch including the heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease, and the pitch name consisting of the frequency of single or multiple intervals, and the second to be determined A second input unit for receiving information relating to the distinction between whether the sound is above or below the first sound;
A table for storing in advance rules for calculating the pitch name;
The number of keys is calculated based on the number of octaves, the distinction, and the frequency of the pitch name, the table type is searched based on the pitch type name and the frequency, and the corresponding number of keys is determined. , The first position number and the first keyboard number, the position number of the second note and the second keyboard number to be obtained, the clef of the second note, and the position on the score A pitch name calculation unit for obtaining numbers and accidental symbols,
The table stores in advance the relationship between the names of pitch types including heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease and the number of keys corresponding to the frequency. A pitch name calculator between two notes.   5. A pitch interval name calculator according to claim 1, further comprising a keyboard position display unit that displays a position on the keyboard of at least one of the first sound and the second sound.   5. The two-tone pitch name calculator according to claim 1, further comprising a sound generator that generates at least one of the first sound and the second sound.   A sound display unit is provided for displaying at least one of the first sound and the second sound, the clef, the temporary symbol, and the position on the staff, and indicating the position number on the score numerically. The interval name calculator between two sounds according to claim 1 or 4.   The pitch name calculator according to claim 1, further comprising a pitch name conversion unit that converts at least one of the first sound and the second sound into a pitch name. A program for causing a computer to calculate a pitch name between two notes on a score,
Receiving information on the first and second notes on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
Obtaining a first position number and a first keyboard number on the staff based on the definition of the position number on the score corresponding to the first sound;
Obtaining a second position number and a second keyboard number on the staff based on the definition of the position number on the score corresponding to the second sound;
Obtaining a frequency corresponding to a difference between the first and second position numbers;
Obtaining a number of keys corresponding to a difference between the numbers of the first and second keys;
A step of preparing a table that stores in advance names of pitch types including heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, and heavy decrease corresponding to the frequency and the number of keys. When,
Searching the table based on the frequency and the number of keys to obtain a pitch name between the first sound and the second sound;
A program for executing the step of outputting the frequency together with the type of the searched pitch. A program that allows a computer to calculate sounds on other scores based on one note on the score and the pitch name,
Receiving information on the first note on the score, including a clef, a position number on the score, and a temporary symbol;
Obtaining a first position number and a first keyboard number on the staff based on the definition of the position number on the score corresponding to the first sound;
The number of octaves, the name of the type of pitch including the heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease, and the pitch name consisting of the frequency of single or multiple intervals, and the second to be determined Receiving a sound and information relating to the distinction of either above or below the first sound;
Obtaining a frequency to be added based on the frequency of the octave number and the distinction and the pitch name;
A table that stores in advance the relationship between the name of the pitch type including the heavy increase, heavy increase, increase, long, short, complete, decrease, heavy decrease, heavy decrease and the difference in the number of keys corresponding to the frequency is input. Searching based on the name of the pitch type and the frequency to obtain a difference in the number of corresponding keyboards;
Obtaining the position number of the second sound and the number of the second keyboard to be obtained based on the difference between the frequency and the number of keys and the first position number and the number of the first keyboard;
A program for executing a step of obtaining a clef of the second sound, a position number on a musical score, and a temporary symbol.

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