JP3692552B2 - Water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Water treatment equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3692552B2
JP3692552B2 JP27151894A JP27151894A JP3692552B2 JP 3692552 B2 JP3692552 B2 JP 3692552B2 JP 27151894 A JP27151894 A JP 27151894A JP 27151894 A JP27151894 A JP 27151894A JP 3692552 B2 JP3692552 B2 JP 3692552B2
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Prior art keywords
sludge
liquid
ozone
filter layer
treatment
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JPH08132095A (en
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敦 渡辺
英斉 安井
元之 依田
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Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、生物膜を形成した濾層を用いる生物濾過装置と、浮遊汚泥を用いる好気性処理装置とを組合せた水処理装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
生物濾過装置は、生物膜を形成した濾層に被処理液を通液して、有機物や窒素化合物その他の不純物を除去する装置である。この装置は、有機物の分解に必要な微生物を濾層に固定して処理を行うため固液分離の操作も省略でき、かつ汚泥濃度が高いため活性汚泥処理装置に比べて装置を小型化できるとともに、濁質も除去できるため操作が簡素化できる。
しかし、この生物濾過装置においては、処理の進行とともに、生物膜の増殖と濁質(SS)の捕捉によって濾層が目詰まりするため、濾層の洗浄(逆洗)により過剰の生物膜を剥離する必要がある。このとき剥離された生物膜は余剰汚泥として系外に排出される。
【0003】
こうして排出される余剰汚泥は活性汚泥処理装置の余剰汚泥の場合と同様に、機械脱水により減量して焼却や埋立により処理されており、その処理は困難である。
活性汚泥装置については、上記問題点を解決するために、余剰汚泥の発生量を少なくしあるいは余剰汚泥の発生量をゼロにする試みがなされている。その具体例として、曝気槽内の活性汚泥あるいは固液分離槽で分離した分離汚泥をオゾン処理して曝気槽に導入する方法がある(例えば特開平5−2716号)。
【0004】
この方法では汚泥をオゾン処理することによりBOD化し、これを活性汚泥により資化させて余剰汚泥の発生量を少なくしている。すなわち余剰汚泥は生物処理的には安定であるため、そのまま曝気槽に導入しても生物処理されず、活性汚泥の量が増大するだけであるが、オゾン処理することにより生物分解可能となって、活性汚泥の増加量は少なくなる。そしてオゾン処理する汚泥の量を多くすると余剰汚泥の発生量を実質的にゼロにすることができる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような余剰汚泥の減容化は一見生物濾過装置にも適用可能のようであるが、活性汚泥処理装置における方法をそのまま生物濾過装置に適用しても汚泥の減容を行うことができない。というのは生物濾過装置では、溶解性BODの除去には適しているが、SS性のBODの場合はそのまま濾層に捕捉され、その分解は極めて緩慢である。従って溶解性のBODが多い場合は生物膜による処理が行われるが、SS性のBODが多い場合は濾層の目詰まりが速く生じ、洗浄によりSS性のBODは洗浄排液として排出されるため、余剰汚泥量が増大する。
【0006】
上記の方法において活性汚泥をオゾン処理する場合、多量のオゾンを用いると溶解性BODの量を多くすることができるが、オゾンの使用量が多くなって無駄が多い。またオゾンの使用量を少なくすると、SS性のBODが多くなり、これを生物濾過装置に戻しても濾層における捕捉量が多くなる。このため結果的に余剰汚泥量が多くなり、汚泥の減量化は困難である。
【0007】
本発明の目的は、上記の問題点を解決するため、生物濾過装置を用いる場合でも、少ないオゾン量で余剰汚泥の発生量を少なくし、場合によっては余剰汚泥の発生量を実質的にゼロにすることもできる水処理装置を提案することである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、生物膜を形成した濾層に被処理液を通液して、有機物その他の不純物を除去する生物濾過装置と、
濾層に付着した不純物および過剰に形成された生物膜を剥離し、洗浄排液として排出する洗浄装置と、
排出された洗浄排液、その濃縮液またはそれらのオゾン処理液を浮遊性汚泥の存在下に好気性処理する好気性処理装置と、
前記洗浄排液、その濃縮液、好気性処理装置の混合液または分離汚泥をオゾン処理して好気性処理装置に導入するオゾン処理装置と
を備えた水処理装置である。
【0009】
本発明において生物濾過装置は、生物膜を形成した濾層を有し、この濾層に被処理液を通液して有機物、窒素化合物、SS等の不純物を除去するように構成されたものである。濾層としては粒状の発泡樹脂等の浮上性担体や、樹脂、活性炭、砂等の沈降性担体などからなる粒径0.5〜20mm、好ましくは1〜5mmの粒状の担体に生物膜を形成したものが好ましいが、ブロック状、線状または面状の担体を集合させたもの、あるいは全体が三次元的に連続した担体などに生物膜を形成したものでもよい。
【0010】
生物膜の形成は、これらの濾層に被処理液を通液して、処理操作と同様の操作を行うことにより自然発生的に形成される。この生物膜は被処理液中の有機物等を分解する微生物を含む活性汚泥が担体に付着して増殖することにより形成される。濾層はこのような生物膜が形成された状態で通液が可能なように形成される。濾層の高さ、間隙の大きさ等は処理に要する範囲で任意に決められる。
【0011】
濾層に通液する被処理液は有機物、窒素化合物等の汚れ成分を含むものであればよく、SSその他の不純物がさらに含まれていてもよい。生物濾過装置は溶解性BODを含む被処理液を処理するのに適しているが、SS等も濾層に捕捉されて除去される。しかし都市下水のように多量のSSが含まれる場合は、濾層の目詰まりが激しくなるため、生物濾過装置の前に沈殿槽(最初沈殿槽)を設けて予めSSの大部分を除去してから生物濾過装置で処理するのが好ましい。このほかアンモニア性窒素、リン等の生物処理可能な成分が含まれていてもよい。
【0012】
濾層への被処理液の通液方法は任意であり、被処理液および濾層の種類等により、処理に適した方法を採用する。例えば通液方向は浮上性濾材を使用する場合は上向流、沈降性濾材を使用する場合は下向流とするのが一般的であるが、逆でもよく、場合によっては横方向その他の方向でもよい。通液時の流速は被処理液濃度や濾層の状況等に応じて、処理可能な範囲で任意に決められる。
【0013】
処理の他の条件は処理に必要な範囲で任意に選択される。例えば濾層の雰囲気はBOD除去のためには好気性とされるが、脱窒や脱リンを行う場合は一部において嫌気状態に維持することも可能である。好気性に維持するためには濾層に通気が行われるが、一部を嫌気状態にするためには濾層の中間部に散気装置を設け、好気ゾーンと嫌気ゾーンを形成する。そして脱窒の際には硝化液を脱窒部へ循環することもある。また脱リンの際、汚泥の循環が必要な場合には、濾材を移動させて好気ゾーンと嫌気ゾーンを移動させることができる。
【0014】
洗浄装置は生物濾過装置において濾層が目詰まりしたとき、濾層に捕捉されたSSや過剰に付着した生物膜を剥離するように構成される。この洗浄は処理時とは逆方向に洗浄水を通液する逆洗が一般的であるが、SSや生物膜の剥離が可能な限り、同方向でもよい。このとき濾層を展開し、あるいは散気による空気洗浄を併用することにより剥離を容易に行うことができる。空気洗浄を併用する場合、予め空気洗浄を行って汚泥を剥離し、その後洗浄法を行って剥離した汚泥を排出するようにすると、少ない洗浄水で洗浄を行うことができる。
【0015】
洗浄により排出される洗浄排液は、濃縮装置において濃縮して好気性処理を行うのが好ましい。洗浄排液に含まれる剥離汚泥は重質で沈降性に優れることから、濃縮装置としては沈降分離等の重力を利用した固液分離装置が適している。この濃縮装置は最初沈殿槽と兼用してもよく、また場合によっては好気性処理装置と兼用してもよい。濃縮装置では4〜40倍、好ましくは20〜40倍に濃縮するのが好ましい。
【0016】
好気性処理装置は浮遊性汚泥の存在下に好気性処理する装置であり、従来の活性汚泥処理装置と同様に、浮遊性汚泥と洗浄排液、その濃縮液またはオゾン処理液とを混合して好気性処理するように構成される。好気性処理装置は連続式に運転されるのが一般的であるが、濃縮装置と兼用する場合はバッチ式で運転される。また好気性処理装置は最初沈降槽の分離汚泥も同時に処理するように構成することができる。
【0017】
オゾン処理装置は洗浄排液もしくその濃縮液、または好気性処理装置の混合液もしくはその分離汚泥にオゾンまたはオゾン含有ガスを注入して有機物を分解するように構成される。オゾン注入量は汚泥中の有機物が分解されてBOD化するのに必要な量であるが、この場合全体が溶解性BODに変換する必要はなく、大部分がSS性BODに変換される程度でよい。その具体的な量は汚泥の種類等により変わるが、一般的には0.002〜0.2g−O3/g−VSS、好ましくは0.005〜0.1g−O3/g−VSSである。
【0018】
オゾン処理の対象となるのは洗浄排液に含まれる汚泥であり、具体的には洗浄排液、その濃縮液、好気性処理装置の混合液または分離汚泥にオゾンを注入して、これらに含まれる汚泥を分解する。分解する汚泥の量は最終的に好気性処理装置から排出される余剰汚泥の量が減少する量であるが、余剰汚泥が実質的にゼロになる量とするのが好ましい。この量は被処理液の種類、その処理方法等により異なるが、一般的には好気性処理装置で保持される汚泥量の10〜50重量%、好ましくは15〜40重量%とするのが適当である。
【0019】
【作用】
本発明の水処理装置においては、生物膜を形成した濾層を有する生物濾過装置に被処理液を通液して、生物濾過を行う。このとき被処理液中のSSは濾層に捕捉され、有機物特に溶解性BODは生物膜により分解されて除去される。
処理の進行に伴って、SSの捕捉と生物膜の増殖により濾層が目詰まりし、通液できなくなるので、洗浄装置により濾層の洗浄を行い、濾層から生物膜を含む汚泥を剥離し、洗浄排液として排出する。
【0020】
洗浄排液は必要により濃縮装置において濃縮し、あるいはさらにオゾン処理装置でオゾン処理して好気性処理装置に導入し、浮遊汚泥と混合して好気性処理を行う。好気性処理装置では通常の活性汚泥処理装置と同様に、曝気槽の混合液を固液分離槽で固液分離し、分離汚泥を曝気槽に返送して浮遊汚泥の量を維持するが、余剰汚泥量を減容化するのに必要な限度で、混合液または分離汚泥をオゾン処理してBOD化し曝気槽に戻す。
【0021】
オゾン処理によりBOD化した汚泥は、溶解性BODに変換しない量のオゾン注入量でも、SS性BODに変換することにより、浮遊汚泥中の好気性微生物により資化されて分解し、余剰汚泥量が減少する。余剰汚泥が生成しないように過剰量の汚泥を引出してオゾン処理し、これを曝気槽に戻すことにより余剰汚泥の生成量は実質的にゼロになる。
【0022】
生物濾過装置において過剰に生成する汚泥は、好気性生物処理により生成した汚泥であるため安定化しており、これをそのまま好気性処理装置に導入しても減容化は困難であるが、オゾン処理によりBOD化することにより生物分解が可能となり、余剰汚泥を減容化できる。この場合オゾン処理液を生物濾過装置に戻して処理する場合に比べて、少ないオゾン量で減容化が可能となる。
【0023】
本発明では生物濾過装置に加えて新たに好気性処理装置が必要となるが、生成する洗浄排液は少量であり、またその汚泥は沈降性がよく濃縮が容易であるため、濃縮によりさらに少容量とすることができ、これにより小型の装置で処理が可能となる。このため生物濾過装置においても、少ないオゾン量で汚泥の減容化が可能になり、そのメリットは大きい。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を図面の実施例により説明する。
図1〜図3はそれぞれ本発明の水処理装置の別の実施例による有機性排液処理装置の系統図である。
図1において、1は生物濾過装置であり、内部に発泡ポリスチレン等の浮上性の粒状担体に生物膜を形成した濾層2が充填され、上部の支持板3で支持されている。生物濾過装置1の下部には被処理液路4が連絡し、上部には処理液路5が連絡している。生物濾過装置1の濾層2の下部には散気装置6が設けられて、空気供給路7が連絡している。生物濾過装置1の上部には上部液層8が設けられ、底部には弁10を有する洗浄排液路9が連絡して、これらは洗浄装置を形成している。
【0025】
11は沈殿槽からなる濃縮装置で、生物濾過装置1から洗浄排水路9が連絡している。濃縮装置11の上部から分離液返送液路12が被処理液路4に連絡し、底部から濃縮汚泥取出路13がオゾン処理装置15に連絡している。オゾン処理装置15の下部にはオゾン発生機16からオゾン供給路17が連絡し、上部からオゾン処理液路18が好気性処理装置20に連絡している。
【0026】
好気性処理装置20の下部には散気装置21が設けられて、空気供給路22が連絡し、上部から混合液取出路23が固液分離装置24に連絡している。固液分離装置24の上部から分離液路25が被処理液路4に連絡し、底部に連絡する分離汚泥取出路26は分岐して、その一部は返送汚泥路27として好気性処理装置20に連絡し、一部は余剰汚泥路28としてオゾン処理装置15に連絡している。
【0027】
上記の有機性排液処理装置においては、空気供給路7から空気を供給して散気装置6から散気しながら、被処理液路4から有機性排液を導入して、濾層2を上向流で通過させて生物濾過を行う。この操作を行うことにより、濾層2を構成する粒状担体には生物膜が形成され、その生物膜に含まれる微生物の作用により有機物が分解されるとともに、SSが濾層2に捕捉される。濾過液は処理液として処理液路5から排出される。
【0028】
処理の進行に伴って、SSの捕捉と生物膜の増殖により濾層2内の汚泥量が増加して圧損が上昇するので、濾層2の洗浄を行う。このとき被処理液の導入を停止し、散気装置6から通常より多量の空気を散気して空気洗浄を行い、濾層2に付着した過剰の汚泥を剥離する。そして弁10を開くことにより、上部液層8の液が洗浄液として剥離汚泥を流い出し、洗浄排液を洗浄排液路9から濃縮装置11に導入する。
濃縮装置11では、沈降分離により剥離汚泥を濃縮し、濃縮汚泥を濃縮汚泥取出路13からオゾン処理装置15に導入し、分離液を分離液返送路12から被処理液路4に返送する。
【0029】
オゾン処理装置15では濃縮汚泥取出路13から導入する濃縮汚泥と、余剰汚泥路28から導入する余剰汚泥を混合し、オゾン発生機16からオゾン供給路17を通して供給されるオゾンを注入してオゾン処理を行い、汚泥をBOD化して好気性処理装置20に導入する。ここでは汚泥を完全に溶解性BODに転換せず、大部分がSS性BODに転換する程度のオゾン注入量とする。
好気性処理装置20では、通常の活性汚泥処理装置と同様にして空気供給路22から空気を供給し、散気装置21から散気して曝気を行うことにより、好気性微生物を含む浮遊性汚泥が生成し、好気性処理が行われる。これによりオゾン処理汚泥はBODとして資化されて分解する。
【0030】
好気性処理装置20の混合液は混合液取出路23から固液分離装置24に送られて固液分離される。そして分離液は分離液路25から被処理液路4を経て生物濾過装置1に導入され、生物濾過が行われる。分離汚泥は分離汚泥取出路26から取出され、一部は返送汚泥として返送汚泥路27から好気性処理装置20に返送され、残部は余剰汚泥として余剰汚泥路28からオゾン処理装置15に送られる。ここで返送汚泥の量を通常の活性汚泥処理と同様にしていると、好気性処理装置20内の浮遊性汚泥の量が増加していくので、返送汚泥量を少なくして余剰汚泥量を多くすると、好気性処理装置20内の浮遊性汚泥の量を一定するすることができ、系外へ排出する余剰汚泥の量は実質的にゼロにすることができる。この場合でも無機化した浮遊汚泥を少量ずつ系外に排出するのが好ましい。
【0031】
図2の有機性排液処理装置では、生物濾過装置1の濾層2の中間部に散気装置6aが設けられて空気供給路7aに連絡し、上部液層8から返送液路5aが被処理液路4に連絡しており、濾層2は硝化ゾーン2aと脱窒ゾーン2bに区画されている。また濃縮汚泥取出路13は直接好気性処理装置20に連絡し、オゾン処理装置15は余剰汚泥のみをオゾン処理して好気性処理装置20に返送するように構成されている。
【0032】
上記の有機性排液処理装置において、散気装置6からの散気を停止し、散気装置6aから散気して生物濾過を行う。このとき返送液路5aから返送される硝化液とともに、被処理液が被処理液路4から生物濾過装置1に入ると、濾層2の下部は散気されないで、脱窒ゾーン2bとなっているため、ここで脱窒とBODの除去が行われる。そして硝化ゾーン2aでは残留するBODが除去されるとともに、硝化が行われる。硝化液は一部が返送液路5aから循環するとともに、一部は処理液として処理液路5から排出される。
【0033】
濾層2の洗浄を行う場合は、被処理液の導入を停止し、散気装置6から散気を行って空気洗浄を行い、過剰の汚泥を剥離する。このとき散気装置6aからの散気を行ってもよく、停止してもよい。その後弁10を開いて洗浄排液を濃縮装置11に導入し、濃縮を行う。濃縮汚泥は濃縮汚泥取出路13から好気性処理装置20に導入されて好気性処理が行われる。好気性処理は図1の場合とほぼ同様に行われるが、オゾン処理は余剰汚泥路28から取出される余剰汚泥のみについて行い、好気性処理装置20に返送される。このように余剰汚泥のみについてオゾン処理を行うと、オゾン処理を行うために取出す汚泥量の制御が容易であり、好気性処理を安定して行うことが可能になる。固液分離装置24の分離液は分離液路25から処理液として排出される。
【0034】
図3では生物濾過装置1の前に最初沈殿槽30が設けられ、また好気性処理装置20はバッチ式で、濃縮装置を兼用している。最初沈殿槽30から分離液路31が生物濾過装置1に連絡し、分離汚泥取出路32が好気性処理装置20に連絡している。オゾン処理装置15は好気性処理槽20と混合液取出路33およびオゾン処理液路18で連絡している。
【0035】
上記の有機性排液処理装置においては、被処理液は被処理液路4から最初沈殿槽30に入って固液分離を行い、分離液は分離液路31から生物濾過装置1に導入して生物濾過を行い、分離汚泥は分離汚泥取出路32から好気性処理装置20に導入して好気性処理を行う。
【0036】
生物濾過装置1の洗浄は図1の場合と同様に行われ、洗浄排液は洗浄排液路9から好気性処理装置20に導入される。洗浄排液の発生は間欠的であるので、発生した段階で散気装置21からの散気を停止して重力分離を行い、分離液を分離液路25から最初沈殿槽30に導入して沈殿分離を行う。分離液を排出した段階で散気装置21から散気を行って好気性処理を行う。このとき好気性処理装置20から混合液取出路33を通して混合液をオゾン処理装置15に取出し、オゾン処理を行って好気性処理装置20に返送する。好気性処理装置20の処理液は分離液路25から最初沈殿槽30に移送して固液分離を行う。
【0037】
試験例1
原水BOD濃度5mg/l、窒素濃度60mg/l、SS濃度3mg/lの有機性排水を図2に示す一槽式の生物濾過装置1により処理し、BODおよび窒素除去を行った。濾層2は浮上性濾材を3mの高さに充填し、上向流速2m/h、空気上昇速度は2m/hとした。脱窒のための水素供与体としては、メタノールを窒素量の2.5倍添加した。生物濾過装置の濾層の洗浄は、3日に1回行った。洗浄排水は濃縮装置11で約3時間沈降した後、90vol%の上澄みを生物濾過装置1に返送し、SS濃度10,000mg/lの沈殿物を好気性処理装置20へ移送した。好気性処理装置20の浮遊汚泥濃度は約1000mg/l程度とした。固液分離装置24から余剰汚泥をオゾン処理装置15に導き、オゾン処理した後好気性処理装置20に返送し、再度生物分解を行った。オゾン処理を行う余剰汚泥の量は、固液分離装置24で分離される汚泥の乾燥重量の15wt%とした。
この結果、好気性処理装置の汚泥濃度は約1000mg/lで一定となり、系外への余剰汚泥の排出はなくなり、従来必要であった余剰汚泥の脱水、処分は不必要となった。
【0038】
試験例2
都市下水を図3の装置により処理した。生物濾過装置1の濾層2は浮上性濾材を3mの高さに充填し、上向流速3m/h、空気上昇速度12m/hrとし、濾層の洗浄は2日に1回行った。濃縮装置を兼ねる回分式の好気性処理装置20により濃縮と好気性処理を分けて行い、好気性処理装置20内の混合液を、汚泥の乾燥重量として15wt%をオゾン処理して返送した。その結果好気性処理装置20の汚泥濃度は約1000mg/lとなり安定して処理を行うことができ、系外への余剰汚泥の排出はなくなった。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、生物濾過装置から排出される洗浄排液に含まれる剥離汚泥をオゾン処理して好気性処理するようにしたので、少ないオゾン量で剥離汚泥をBOD化して好気性処理することができ、これにより系外に排出する余剰汚泥量を減少させ、場合によっては余剰汚泥の排出量をゼロにすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例の有機性排液処理装置の系統図である。
【図2】他の実施例の有機性排液処理装置の系統図である。
【図3】さらに他の実施例の有機性排液処理装置の系統図である。
【符号の説明】
1 生物濾過装置
2 濾層
3 支持板
4 被処理液路
5 処理液路
6、6a、21 散気装置
7、7a、22 空気供給路
8 上部液層
9 洗浄排液路
10 弁
11 濃縮装置
12 分離液返送路
13 濃縮汚泥取出路
15 オゾン処理装置
16 オゾン発生機
17 オゾン供給路
18 オゾン処理液路
20 好気性処理装置
23、33 混合液取出路
24 固液分離装置
25、31 分離液路
26、32 分離汚泥取出路
27 返送汚泥路
28 余剰汚泥路
30 最初沈殿槽
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus in which a biofiltration apparatus using a filter layer on which a biofilm is formed and an aerobic treatment apparatus using floating sludge are combined.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A biological filtration device is a device that removes organic substances, nitrogen compounds, and other impurities by passing a liquid to be treated through a filter layer on which a biofilm is formed. Since this device performs processing by fixing microorganisms necessary for decomposing organic substances in the filter layer, the operation of solid-liquid separation can be omitted, and since the sludge concentration is high, the device can be downsized compared to the activated sludge treatment device. The turbidity can also be removed, so the operation can be simplified.
However, in this biofiltration device, as the treatment progresses, the filter layer becomes clogged due to the growth of biofilm and trapping of turbidity (SS), so the excess biofilm is peeled off by washing the filter layer (back washing). There is a need to. The biofilm peeled at this time is discharged out of the system as excess sludge.
[0003]
The excess sludge discharged in this way is reduced by mechanical dewatering and treated by incineration or landfill, as in the case of excess sludge from an activated sludge treatment apparatus, and its treatment is difficult.
With respect to the activated sludge apparatus, attempts have been made to reduce the amount of excess sludge generated or to reduce the amount of surplus sludge generated to zero in order to solve the above problems. As a specific example, there is a method in which activated sludge in an aeration tank or separated sludge separated in a solid-liquid separation tank is subjected to ozone treatment and introduced into the aeration tank (for example, JP-A-5-2716).
[0004]
In this method, the sludge is treated with ozone to form BOD, which is assimilated with activated sludge to reduce the amount of surplus sludge generated. In other words, surplus sludge is stable in terms of biological treatment, so even if it is introduced into the aeration tank as it is, it is not biologically treated and only the amount of activated sludge increases, but it can be biodegraded by ozone treatment. The increase in activated sludge is reduced. And if the amount of sludge to be ozone-treated is increased, the amount of surplus sludge generated can be made substantially zero.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although it seems that such excess sludge volume reduction can be applied to a biological filtration apparatus at first glance, even if the method in the activated sludge treatment apparatus is applied to the biological filtration apparatus as it is, volume reduction of the sludge cannot be performed. This is because the biological filtration apparatus is suitable for removing soluble BOD, but SS-type BOD is trapped in the filter layer as it is, and its decomposition is extremely slow. Therefore, when there is a lot of soluble BOD, treatment with a biofilm is performed, but when there is a lot of SS-type BOD, clogging of the filter layer occurs quickly, and SS-type BOD is discharged as a washing drainage by washing. The amount of excess sludge increases.
[0006]
When activated sludge is treated with ozone in the above method, the amount of soluble BOD can be increased if a large amount of ozone is used, but the amount of ozone used is increased and wasteful. If the amount of ozone used is reduced, the SS-type BOD increases, and even if this is returned to the biological filtration device, the trapped amount in the filter layer increases. For this reason, the amount of surplus sludge increases as a result, and it is difficult to reduce the sludge.
[0007]
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, even when using a biological filtration device, the amount of surplus sludge generated is reduced with a small amount of ozone, and in some cases the amount of surplus sludge generated is substantially zero. It is to propose a water treatment device that can also do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a biological filtration device that removes organic substances and other impurities by passing a liquid to be treated through a filter layer on which a biofilm is formed,
A cleaning device for peeling impurities attached to the filter layer and excessively formed biofilm and discharging it as a cleaning drainage;
An aerobic treatment apparatus that aerobically treats the discharged cleaning waste liquid, the concentrated liquid thereof or the ozone treatment liquid thereof in the presence of floating sludge;
A water treatment apparatus comprising: an ozone treatment apparatus that ozone-treats the cleaning waste liquid, the concentrated liquid thereof, a mixed liquid of the aerobic treatment apparatus or the separated sludge and introduces the same into the aerobic treatment apparatus.
[0009]
In the present invention, the biological filtration device has a filter layer on which a biofilm is formed, and is configured to remove impurities such as organic substances, nitrogen compounds, and SS by passing a liquid to be treated through the filter layer. is there. As the filter layer, a biofilm is formed on a granular carrier having a particle size of 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably 1 to 5 mm, which is composed of a floating carrier such as a granular foamed resin or a sedimentary carrier such as resin, activated carbon or sand. However, it may be a block, linear, or planar carrier aggregate, or a biofilm formed on a carrier that is three-dimensionally continuous as a whole.
[0010]
The biofilm is formed spontaneously by passing the liquid to be treated through these filter layers and performing the same operation as the treatment operation. This biofilm is formed by the activated sludge containing microorganisms that decompose organic matter in the liquid to be treated adheres to the carrier and grows. The filter layer is formed so that liquid can pass through in the state in which such a biofilm is formed. The height of the filter layer, the size of the gap, etc. are arbitrarily determined within the range required for the treatment.
[0011]
The liquid to be treated that passes through the filter layer only needs to contain a soil component such as an organic substance or a nitrogen compound, and may further contain SS or other impurities. The biological filtration apparatus is suitable for treating a liquid to be treated containing soluble BOD, but SS and the like are also captured and removed by the filter layer. However, when a large amount of SS is contained, such as municipal sewage, clogging of the filter layer becomes severe, so a sedimentation tank (first sedimentation tank) is provided in front of the biological filtration device to remove most of the SS in advance. To a biological filtration device. In addition, biologically treatable components such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus may be included.
[0012]
The method of passing the liquid to be processed through the filter layer is arbitrary, and a method suitable for the processing is adopted depending on the type of liquid to be processed and the filter layer. For example, the flow direction is generally an upward flow when using a floatable filter medium, and a downward flow when using a sedimentary filter medium, but it may be reversed, and in some cases the horizontal direction or other directions. But you can. The flow rate at the time of passing the liquid is arbitrarily determined within a processable range according to the concentration of the liquid to be processed, the state of the filter layer, and the like.
[0013]
Other conditions for the processing are arbitrarily selected within a range necessary for the processing. For example, the atmosphere of the filter layer is made aerobic for removing BOD, but in the case of performing denitrification and dephosphorization, it can be partially maintained in an anaerobic state. In order to maintain the aerobic state, the filter layer is ventilated, but in order to make a part of the filter layer anaerobic, an aeration device is provided in the middle of the filter layer to form an aerobic zone and an anaerobic zone. In denitrification, the nitrification liquid may be circulated to the denitrification section. Further, when sludge circulation is necessary at the time of dephosphorization, the filter medium can be moved to move the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone.
[0014]
When the filter layer is clogged in the biofiltration device, the cleaning device is configured to peel off the SS trapped in the filter layer and the excessively attached biofilm. This washing is generally back washing in which washing water is passed in the direction opposite to that during processing, but may be in the same direction as long as SS and biofilm can be peeled off. At this time, the separation can be easily performed by developing the filter layer or using air washing by aeration. When air cleaning is used in combination, if air cleaning is performed in advance to remove sludge, and then the cleaning method is performed to discharge the separated sludge, cleaning can be performed with less cleaning water.
[0015]
It is preferable that the washing drainage discharged by washing is concentrated in a concentrating device and subjected to an aerobic treatment. Since the exfoliated sludge contained in the washing effluent is heavy and has excellent sedimentation properties, a solid-liquid separation device using gravity such as sedimentation separation is suitable as the concentration device. This concentrating device may be used also as an initial settling tank, and in some cases, may also be used as an aerobic treatment device. In the concentrator, it is preferable to concentrate 4 to 40 times, preferably 20 to 40 times.
[0016]
The aerobic treatment device is an aerobic treatment device in the presence of airborne sludge. Like the conventional activated sludge treatment device, the airborne sludge and washing waste liquid, its concentrated liquid or ozone treatment liquid are mixed. Configured for aerobic treatment. The aerobic treatment apparatus is generally operated continuously, but when it is used as a concentrator, it is operated batchwise. Also, the aerobic treatment device can be configured to treat the separated sludge in the settling tank at the same time.
[0017]
The ozone treatment apparatus is configured to inject ozone or an ozone-containing gas into cleaning waste liquid or its concentrated liquid, or a mixture liquid of aerobic treatment apparatus or its separated sludge to decompose organic substances. The amount of ozone injected is the amount necessary for the organic matter in the sludge to be decomposed and converted to BOD, but in this case, the entire amount does not need to be converted to soluble BOD, and is mostly converted to SS-type BOD. Good. Although the specific amount may vary depending on the type of the sludge, the general 0.002~0.2g-O 3 / g-VSS , preferably 0.005~0.1g-O 3 / g-VSS is there.
[0018]
The object of ozone treatment is the sludge contained in the cleaning effluent. Specifically, ozone is injected into the cleaning effluent, its concentrated liquid, the mixed liquid of the aerobic treatment device or the separated sludge, and included in these. Decompose sludge. The amount of sludge to be decomposed is an amount that ultimately reduces the amount of excess sludge discharged from the aerobic treatment device, but is preferably set to an amount that substantially eliminates excess sludge. This amount varies depending on the type of liquid to be treated, its treatment method, etc., but generally it is appropriate to set it to 10 to 50% by weight, preferably 15 to 40% by weight of the amount of sludge retained in the aerobic treatment device. It is.
[0019]
[Action]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, biological filtration is performed by passing a liquid to be treated through a biological filtration apparatus having a filter layer on which a biofilm is formed. At this time, SS in the liquid to be treated is trapped in the filter layer, and organic matter, particularly soluble BOD, is decomposed and removed by the biofilm.
As the treatment progresses, the filter layer becomes clogged due to the capture of SS and the growth of the biofilm, and the liquid cannot pass through. Therefore, the filter layer is washed with a washing device, and the sludge containing the biofilm is removed from the filter layer. , And drain as washing waste.
[0020]
The washing waste liquid is concentrated in a concentrator if necessary, or further ozone-treated with an ozone treatment device and introduced into an aerobic treatment device, and mixed with floating sludge to perform an aerobic treatment. In the aerobic treatment equipment, as with normal activated sludge treatment equipment, the liquid mixture in the aeration tank is solid-liquid separated in the solid-liquid separation tank, and the separated sludge is returned to the aeration tank to maintain the amount of suspended sludge. The mixed solution or separated sludge is treated with ozone by the limit necessary to reduce the amount of sludge and converted into BOD and returned to the aeration tank.
[0021]
Even if the amount of ozone injected is not converted to soluble BOD, the sludge converted to BOD by ozone treatment is converted to SS-type BOD, which is assimilated and decomposed by aerobic microorganisms in the suspended sludge. Decrease. By drawing out an excess amount of sludge so as not to generate excess sludge, and performing ozone treatment, and returning this to the aeration tank, the generation amount of excess sludge becomes substantially zero.
[0022]
The sludge produced excessively in the biological filtration device is stabilized because it is sludge produced by aerobic biological treatment, and it is difficult to reduce the volume even if it is introduced directly into the aerobic treatment device. By using BOD, biodegradation becomes possible, and excess sludge can be reduced in volume. In this case, the volume can be reduced with a small amount of ozone compared to the case where the ozone treatment liquid is returned to the biological filtration device for treatment.
[0023]
In the present invention, a new aerobic treatment device is required in addition to the biological filtration device. However, since a small amount of washing waste liquid is generated and the sludge is well settled and easily concentrated, the concentration is further reduced by concentration. The capacity can be increased, which enables processing with a small device. For this reason, even in biological filtration devices, it is possible to reduce the volume of sludge with a small amount of ozone, and the merit is great.
[0024]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 are system diagrams of an organic drainage treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the water treatment apparatus of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a biofiltration device, which is filled with a filter layer 2 in which a biofilm is formed on a floating granular carrier such as expanded polystyrene and supported by an upper support plate 3. A liquid passage 4 to be treated communicates with the lower part of the biological filtration apparatus 1, and a treatment liquid passage 5 communicates with the upper part. A diffuser 6 is provided below the filter layer 2 of the biological filter 1 and communicates with an air supply path 7. An upper liquid layer 8 is provided at the upper part of the biological filtration apparatus 1 and a washing drainage passage 9 having a valve 10 communicates with the bottom part to form a washing apparatus.
[0025]
Reference numeral 11 denotes a concentrating device composed of a sedimentation tank, from which a washing drainage channel 9 communicates with the biological filtration device 1. A separation liquid return liquid path 12 communicates with the liquid path 4 to be treated from the upper part of the concentration apparatus 11, and a concentrated sludge extraction path 13 communicates with the ozone treatment apparatus 15 from the bottom. An ozone supply path 17 communicates with the lower part of the ozone treatment apparatus 15 from the ozone generator 16, and an ozone treatment liquid path 18 communicates with the aerobic treatment apparatus 20 from the upper part.
[0026]
An air diffuser 21 is provided at the lower part of the aerobic treatment apparatus 20, communicates with an air supply path 22, and a mixed liquid extraction path 23 communicates with a solid-liquid separator 24 from the upper part. The separation liquid passage 25 communicates with the liquid passage 4 to be treated from the upper part of the solid-liquid separation device 24, and the separated sludge extraction passage 26 which communicates with the bottom portion branches. A part of the separation sludge extraction passage 26 serves as a return sludge passage 27. A part of which communicates with the ozone treatment device 15 as an excess sludge path 28.
[0027]
In the above-mentioned organic drainage treatment apparatus, air is supplied from the air supply path 7 and diffused from the diffuser 6, while introducing the organic drainage from the liquid path 4 to be treated, Biofiltration is performed by passing in an upward flow. By performing this operation, a biofilm is formed on the granular carrier constituting the filter layer 2, organic substances are decomposed by the action of microorganisms contained in the biofilm, and SS is captured by the filter layer 2. The filtrate is discharged from the treatment liquid path 5 as a treatment liquid.
[0028]
As the treatment proceeds, the amount of sludge in the filter layer 2 increases due to the capture of SS and the growth of the biofilm, and the pressure loss increases, so the filter layer 2 is washed. At this time, the introduction of the liquid to be treated is stopped, a larger amount of air is diffused from the diffuser 6 to perform air cleaning, and excess sludge adhering to the filter layer 2 is peeled off. Then, by opening the valve 10, the liquid in the upper liquid layer 8 flows out the peeled sludge as the cleaning liquid, and the cleaning drainage is introduced into the concentrating device 11 from the cleaning drainage path 9.
In the concentrating device 11, the separated sludge is concentrated by sedimentation separation, the concentrated sludge is introduced into the ozone treatment device 15 from the concentrated sludge take-out passage 13, and the separation liquid is returned from the separation liquid return passage 12 to the liquid passage 4 to be treated.
[0029]
In the ozone treatment device 15, the concentrated sludge introduced from the concentrated sludge extraction passage 13 and the excess sludge introduced from the excess sludge passage 28 are mixed, and the ozone supplied from the ozone generator 16 through the ozone supply passage 17 is injected to perform the ozone treatment. The sludge is converted into BOD and introduced into the aerobic treatment apparatus 20. Here, the amount of ozone injection is such that the sludge is not completely converted into soluble BOD, but mostly converted into SS-type BOD.
In the aerobic treatment apparatus 20, air is supplied from the air supply path 22 in the same manner as a normal activated sludge treatment apparatus, and aeration is performed by aeration from the aeration apparatus 21, thereby floating air sludge containing aerobic microorganisms. Is generated and aerobic processing is performed. As a result, the ozone-treated sludge is assimilated as BOD and decomposed.
[0030]
The liquid mixture of the aerobic processing apparatus 20 is sent from the liquid mixture take-out path 23 to the solid-liquid separation apparatus 24 to be separated into solid and liquid. Then, the separation liquid is introduced from the separation liquid path 25 through the liquid path 4 to be treated into the biological filtration apparatus 1 and biological filtration is performed. The separated sludge is taken out from the separated sludge take-out passage 26, a part is returned as return sludge from the return sludge passage 27 to the aerobic treatment device 20, and the remainder is sent as surplus sludge from the excess sludge passage 28 to the ozone treatment device 15. Here, if the amount of return sludge is the same as that of normal activated sludge treatment, the amount of floating sludge in the aerobic treatment device 20 increases, so the amount of surplus sludge is increased by reducing the amount of return sludge. Then, the amount of floating sludge in the aerobic treatment device 20 can be made constant, and the amount of excess sludge discharged outside the system can be made substantially zero. Even in this case, it is preferable to discharge the mineralized floating sludge out of the system little by little.
[0031]
In the organic drainage treatment apparatus of FIG. 2, an air diffuser 6 a is provided in the middle of the filter layer 2 of the biological filtration apparatus 1 to communicate with the air supply path 7 a, and the return liquid path 5 a is covered from the upper liquid layer 8. The filter layer 2 communicates with the treatment liquid passage 4 and is divided into a nitrification zone 2a and a denitrification zone 2b. Further, the concentrated sludge extraction path 13 directly communicates with the aerobic treatment device 20, and the ozone treatment device 15 is configured to ozone-treat only excess sludge and return it to the aerobic treatment device 20.
[0032]
In the above-mentioned organic drainage treatment apparatus, aeration from the aeration device 6 is stopped, and aeration is performed from the aeration device 6a to perform biological filtration. At this time, when the liquid to be processed enters the biological filtration device 1 from the liquid path 4 to be treated together with the nitrification liquid returned from the liquid return path 5a, the lower part of the filter layer 2 is not diffused and becomes the denitrification zone 2b. Therefore, denitrification and removal of BOD are performed here. In the nitrification zone 2a, the remaining BOD is removed and nitrification is performed. A part of the nitrification liquid circulates from the return liquid path 5a, and a part thereof is discharged from the processing liquid path 5 as a processing liquid.
[0033]
When cleaning the filter layer 2, the introduction of the liquid to be treated is stopped, air is diffused from the air diffuser 6 to perform air cleaning, and excess sludge is peeled off. At this time, aeration from the aeration device 6a may be performed or stopped. Thereafter, the valve 10 is opened to introduce the cleaning effluent into the concentrating device 11 for concentration. The concentrated sludge is introduced into the aerobic treatment device 20 from the concentrated sludge take-out path 13 and subjected to aerobic treatment. The aerobic treatment is performed in substantially the same manner as in FIG. 1, but the ozone treatment is performed only on the excess sludge taken out from the excess sludge passage 28 and returned to the aerobic treatment device 20. When only the surplus sludge is subjected to ozone treatment in this way, it is easy to control the amount of sludge taken out for performing ozone treatment, and aerobic treatment can be stably performed. The separation liquid of the solid-liquid separation device 24 is discharged from the separation liquid path 25 as a processing liquid.
[0034]
In FIG. 3, a sedimentation tank 30 is first provided in front of the biological filtration device 1, and the aerobic treatment device 20 is a batch type and also serves as a concentration device. First, the separation liquid path 31 communicates with the biological filtration apparatus 1 from the sedimentation tank 30, and the separated sludge extraction path 32 communicates with the aerobic treatment apparatus 20. The ozone treatment device 15 communicates with the aerobic treatment tank 20 through the mixed solution extraction path 33 and the ozone treatment liquid path 18.
[0035]
In the above organic drainage treatment apparatus, the liquid to be treated first enters the precipitation tank 30 from the liquid passage 4 to be subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the separated liquid is introduced into the biological filtration apparatus 1 from the separation liquid passage 31. Biological filtration is performed, and the separated sludge is introduced into the aerobic treatment apparatus 20 from the separated sludge take-out path 32 to perform the aerobic treatment.
[0036]
The biological filtration device 1 is cleaned in the same manner as in FIG. 1, and the cleaning drainage is introduced into the aerobic treatment device 20 from the cleaning drainage channel 9. Since the generation of the washing drainage is intermittent, the aeration from the aeration device 21 is stopped at the stage of occurrence and the gravity separation is performed, and the separation liquid is first introduced into the precipitation tank 30 from the separation liquid path 25 and is precipitated. Perform separation. At the stage where the separated liquid is discharged, aeration is performed from the aeration device 21 to perform aerobic treatment. At this time, the mixed solution is taken out from the aerobic treatment device 20 through the mixed solution take-out path 33 to the ozone treatment device 15, subjected to ozone treatment, and returned to the aerobic treatment device 20. The processing liquid of the aerobic processing apparatus 20 is first transferred from the separation liquid path 25 to the precipitation tank 30 for solid-liquid separation.
[0037]
Test example 1
Organic wastewater having a raw water BOD concentration of 5 mg / l, a nitrogen concentration of 60 mg / l, and an SS concentration of 3 mg / l was treated by the one-tank biofiltration apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2 to remove BOD and nitrogen. The filter layer 2 was filled with a floatable filter medium at a height of 3 m, the upward flow rate was 2 m / h, and the air rising speed was 2 m / h. As a hydrogen donor for denitrification, methanol was added 2.5 times the amount of nitrogen. The filter layer of the biological filter was washed once every three days. The washing wastewater settled for about 3 hours in the concentrating device 11, and then 90 vol% of the supernatant was returned to the biological filtration device 1, and a precipitate with an SS concentration of 10,000 mg / l was transferred to the aerobic treatment device 20. The suspended sludge concentration of the aerobic treatment apparatus 20 was about 1000 mg / l. Excess sludge was guided from the solid-liquid separator 24 to the ozone treatment device 15, subjected to ozone treatment, returned to the aerobic treatment device 20, and biodegraded again. The amount of excess sludge to be subjected to ozone treatment was 15 wt% of the dry weight of the sludge separated by the solid-liquid separator 24.
As a result, the sludge concentration of the aerobic treatment apparatus was constant at about 1000 mg / l, and the discharge of excess sludge to the outside of the system was eliminated.
[0038]
Test example 2
Municipal sewage was treated by the apparatus of FIG. The filter layer 2 of the biological filtration apparatus 1 was filled with a floating filter medium at a height of 3 m, the upward flow rate was 3 m / h, the air rising speed was 12 m / hr, and the filter layer was washed once every two days. Concentration and aerobic treatment were performed separately by a batch type aerobic treatment device 20 also serving as a concentration device, and the mixed liquid in the aerobic treatment device 20 was ozone-treated and returned by 15 wt% as the dry weight of sludge. As a result, the sludge concentration of the aerobic treatment apparatus 20 was about 1000 mg / l, and the treatment could be performed stably, and excess sludge was not discharged outside the system.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the exfoliated sludge contained in the cleaning effluent discharged from the biological filtration device is subjected to the aerobic treatment by the ozone treatment, the exfoliated sludge is converted to BOD with a small amount of ozone and subjected to the aerobic treatment. As a result, the amount of excess sludge discharged outside the system can be reduced, and in some cases, the amount of excess sludge discharged can be reduced to zero.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an organic drainage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an organic drainage treatment apparatus according to another embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an organic drainage treatment apparatus of still another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biological filtration apparatus 2 Filtration layer 3 Support plate 4 Processed liquid path 5 Process liquid path 6, 6a, 21 Air diffuser 7, 7a, 22 Air supply path 8 Upper liquid layer 9 Washing drain path 10 Valve 11 Concentrator 12 Separation liquid return path 13 Concentrated sludge extraction path 15 Ozone treatment apparatus 16 Ozone generator 17 Ozone supply path 18 Ozone treatment liquid path 20 Aerobic treatment apparatus 23, 33 Mixed liquid extraction path 24 Solid-liquid separation apparatus 25, 31 Separation liquid path 26 , 32 Separation sludge extraction path 27 Return sludge path 28 Surplus sludge path 30 First sedimentation tank

Claims (1)

生物膜を形成した濾層に被処理液を通液して、有機物その他の不純物を除去する生物濾過装置と、
濾層に付着した不純物および過剰に形成された生物膜を剥離し、洗浄排液として排出する洗浄装置と、
排出された洗浄排液、その濃縮液またはそれらのオゾン処理液を浮遊性汚泥の存在下に好気性処理する好気性処理装置と、
前記洗浄排液、その濃縮液、好気性処理装置の混合液または分離汚泥をオゾン処理して好気性処理装置に導入するオゾン処理装置と
を備えた水処理装置。
A biological filtration device that removes organic matter and other impurities by passing a liquid to be treated through a filter layer on which a biofilm is formed;
A cleaning device for peeling impurities attached to the filter layer and excessively formed biofilm and discharging it as a cleaning drainage;
An aerobic treatment apparatus that aerobically treats the discharged cleaning waste liquid, the concentrated liquid thereof or the ozone treatment liquid thereof in the presence of floating sludge;
A water treatment apparatus comprising: an ozone treatment apparatus that ozone-treats the cleaning waste liquid, the concentrated liquid thereof, a mixed liquid of the aerobic treatment apparatus or the separated sludge and introduces the same into the aerobic treatment apparatus.
JP27151894A 1994-11-04 1994-11-04 Water treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3692552B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27151894A JP3692552B2 (en) 1994-11-04 1994-11-04 Water treatment equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08132095A JPH08132095A (en) 1996-05-28
JP3692552B2 true JP3692552B2 (en) 2005-09-07

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0623065A (en) * 1992-04-15 1994-02-01 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Biological treatment method and apparatus for organic sewage
JPH06254577A (en) * 1993-03-01 1994-09-13 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Device for treating difficult-to-decompose substance
JP3348455B2 (en) * 1993-03-03 2002-11-20 栗田工業株式会社 Aerobic treatment of nitrogen and / or phosphorus deficient organic effluent
JPH0751687A (en) * 1993-08-20 1995-02-28 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Upward current type biological filter device

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