JP3651040B2 - Ceramic glow plug - Google Patents

Ceramic glow plug Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3651040B2
JP3651040B2 JP32985994A JP32985994A JP3651040B2 JP 3651040 B2 JP3651040 B2 JP 3651040B2 JP 32985994 A JP32985994 A JP 32985994A JP 32985994 A JP32985994 A JP 32985994A JP 3651040 B2 JP3651040 B2 JP 3651040B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
heating element
outer cylinder
joined
metal outer
lead coil
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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JP32985994A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08159472A (en
Inventor
一博 五十嵐
隆徳 水野
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Priority to JP32985994A priority Critical patent/JP3651040B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、内燃機関、特にディーゼルエンジンの副燃焼室や主燃焼室内において吸入空気を予熱するセラミックグロープラグに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ディーゼルエンジンの副燃焼室内等において吸入空気を予熱するセラミックグロープラグは、発熱体内に埋設する発熱線に対しての電気的導通を図るために、金具の先端に一体に接合される金属外筒内において、その先端を突出するように接合、固持するセラミック焼結体の発熱体内に埋設される発熱線の上記発熱体表面に導出される正、負電極に対して、正電極側は一端を中軸に挿嵌、接合するリードコイルの他端をロー付けによって接合すると共に、負電極側を上記発熱体を接合、固持する金属外筒に対して一体に接合することによって、この金属外筒及び金具を介してボディアースを行い電気的導通を図っているものが一般的である。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記の従来のものにおいて、発熱体内に埋設する発熱線に対しての電気的導通を図るために、金具の先端に一体に接合される金属外筒内において、その先端を突出するように接合、固持するセラミック焼結体の発熱体内に埋設される発熱線の上記発熱体表面に導出される正、負電極に対して、正電極側は一端を中軸に挿嵌、接合するリードコイルの他端をロー付けによって接合すると共に、負電極側を上記発熱体を接合、固持する金属外筒に対して一体に接合することによって、この金属外筒及び金具を介して電気的導通を図っているものの場合、発熱線を埋設する発熱体を金属外筒内に接合、固持した上、この金属外筒を金具先端に一体に接合する際、ロー付け接合により行うものであることから、このロー付け接合の際に発生する熱により、予め金属外筒に対してロー付け接合されている発熱体表面に発熱体内に埋設される発熱線より導出される電極、特に負電極側においては、この負電極と金属外筒を一体に接合して電気的導通を図るローが軟化すると同時に、金属外筒が部分的に膨張してしまい、ロー付け部の電気的導通不良や、電極の破断が発生する。その結果、金属外筒及び金具を介してのボディアースが不可能となり、発熱体内に埋設される発熱線の電気的導通が阻害され、発熱体の発熱が行えなくなるという欠点がある。
【0004】
そのため、セラミック焼結体よりなる発熱体内に埋設される発熱線から導出される電極、特に負電極側において、この発熱体に環装された巻幅を密としたリードコイルを一体にロー付け接合した上、この負電極に対して接合されたリードコイルの先端を、発熱体を固持する金属外筒の後端縁にロー付け接合して電気的導通を確保してなるもの(特開昭63−251724号)が提案されており、確かに電極、特に負電極側において、この負電極に対して発熱体に環装されるリードコイルが伸縮自在となっているため、発熱体を固持する金属外筒を金具先端にロー付け接合する際に、その接合により発生する熱によって金属外筒と発熱体を一体に接合する際にローが軟化すると共に、金属外筒が直径方向に膨張しても、発熱体に環装され、その先端を金属外筒の後端縁に接合するリードコイルが適宜伸張することとなるため、発熱体より導出される負電極とリードコイル、及びこのリードコイルと金属外筒は互いにロー付け接合による電気的導通は確保されることとなり、金属外筒の膨張に対しても正常な発熱作用を行うことができるものであるが、金具の先端に金属外筒を接合するに当たり発生する熱により上記金属外筒は直径方向のみならず、軸方向にも膨張することとなるため、発熱体後端に環装されるリードコイルにおいて、その巻幅が密となっていた場合には、十分に軸方向への膨張に対応することができず、金属外筒の熱膨張に伴う応力によって、発熱体に環装されるリードコイルと電極との接合部或は金属外筒の後端縁とリードコイルとの接合部に応力がかかって離れてしまい、発熱体内に埋設される発熱線の電気的導通が確実に確保できなくなるという問題がある。
【0005】
そこで、この発明は上記従来のものの持つ欠点を改善するものであり、予め発熱体を固持してなる金属外筒を金具先端にロー付け接合する際に発生する熱によって起こる金属外筒の軸方向への膨張に対応し、常に発熱体内に埋設される発熱線の電気的導通を確保できるようにするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そのために、金具の先端に一体にロー付けによって接合される金属外筒内に、その先端を突出するセラミック焼結体よりなる発熱体を接合、固持し、その発熱体内に埋設される発熱線の上記発熱体表面に導出される負電極に対して、発熱体の後端部に挿嵌されるリードコイルをロー付けにより接合した上で、発熱体に挿嵌される上記リードコイルの先端を、上記金属外筒の後端縁部に一体にロー付け接合し、この金属外筒の後端縁部に接合されるリードコイルは、発熱体の後端部に挿嵌、接合される上記リードコイルの巻幅を広げて形成される熱緩衝部を設けてなるものである。
【0007】
【作用】
上記の構成を具えるので、予め発熱体内に埋設される発熱線より導出される負電極とこの発熱体に挿嵌されるリードコイルとをロー付け接合すると共に、このリードコイル先端と金属外筒の後端縁部とをロー付け接合することで一体に電気的導通を確保してなる金属外筒を、金具先端に固持するためロー付け接合した場合に、このロー付け接合の際に発生する熱によって金属外筒が軸方向に膨張しても、リードコイルに設けるリードコイルの巻幅を広げることで形成される熱緩衝部が収縮することによって熱膨張に伴う応力を吸収すると共に、冷却後は熱膨張に伴う応力を吸収して収縮していた熱緩衝部が伸張するため、上記負電極とリードコイル及びリードコイルと金属外筒とのロー付け接合部に対して金属外筒の熱膨張に伴う応力の影響を確実に阻止できるので、常にセラミックグロープラグ内の電気的導通を確保できる。
【0008】
【実施例】
この発明を図に示す実施例により更に説明する。(1)は、この発明の実施例であるセラミックグロープラグであり、(2)は発熱体であり、Si34 ,サイアロンなどのセラミック焼結体の内部にW,Mo,W−Re合金,Mo−Re合金などの高融点金属あるいはMoSi2 ,WCなどの導電性セラミックからなる発熱線(3)が埋設されている。(8)は金属外筒であり、その内筒によって発熱体(2)が先端を突出して接合されている。(11)は機関取付用ネジを具えた金具であり、その内腔先端に上記金属外筒(8)が突出して接合されると共に、金具の後端に継続されて外部に導出した中軸(6)が配されている。このセラミックグロープラグ(1)は、内設する発熱線(3)の正、負電極(4)(7)をその発熱体の表面に導出し、正電極(4)をリードコイル(5)を介して中軸(6)に、負電極(7)を発熱体(2)に挿嵌し、その先端を金属外筒(8)の後端縁部(9)に接合するNi,Ni−Cr合金などからなるリードコイル(10)にロ−付け接合することで電気的導通を図ってなるセラミック焼結体の発熱体(2)と、この発熱体(2)をその内部においてロー付け接合により保持する金属外筒(8)と共に先端に固持してなる金具(11)から構成されるものである。
【0009】
そして、金具(11)の先端に一体にロー付けによって接合される金属外筒(8)内において、その先端を突出するように接合、固持されるセラミック焼結体の発熱体(2)内に埋設される発熱線(3)の上記発熱体(2)表面に導出される負電極(7)に対して、発熱体(2)の後端部に挿嵌されるリードコイル(10)をロー付けにより接合した上で、発熱体(2)に挿嵌されるリードコイル(10)の先端を、上記金属外筒(8)の後端縁部(9)に一体にロ−付けにより接合すると共に、この金属外筒(8)の後端縁部(9)に接合されるリードコイル(10)において、発熱体(2)の後端部に挿嵌、接合されるリードコイル(10)の巻幅(ピッチ)を広げることで形成される熱緩衝部(12)を設けてなるものである。
【0010】
この発明の実施例であるセラミックグロープラグ(1)は、以上の構成を具えるので、予め発熱体(2)内に埋設される発熱線(3)より、その発熱体(2)の表面に導出される負電極(7)と、この発熱体(2)にの後端部に挿嵌されるリードコイル(10)とを接合すると共に、このリードコイル(10)の先端と金属外筒(8)の後端縁部(9)とを接合することで一体に電気的導通を確保し、この金属外筒(8)を、セラミックグロープラグ(1)を構成する金具(11)の先端に固持するためにロー付け接合した場合に、このロー付け接合の際に発生する熱によって、その内部に発熱体(2)を固持する金属外筒(8)が軸方向、特に上方向に向かって膨張しても、発熱体(2)に挿嵌され、その先端を金属外筒(8)に接合すると共に、発熱体(2)の表面に導出される負電極(7)に対して接合するリードコイル(10)において、リードコイル(10)の巻幅を広げることで形成される熱緩衝部(12)が金属外筒(8)の熱膨張に伴う応力により収縮することによって、熱膨張に伴う応力を吸収すると共に、内部に発熱体(2)を固持する金属外筒(8)を金具(11)に接合し終えた後、冷却後は熱膨張に伴う応力を吸収して収縮していた熱緩衝部(12)が伸張するため、上記負電極(7)とリードコイル(10)、及びリードコイル(10)と金属外筒(8)の後端縁部(9)とのロー付けによる接合部(13)(14)に対して金属外筒(8)の熱膨張に伴う軸方向にかかる応力の影響を確実に阻止できるので、常にセラミックグロープラグ(1)内の電気的導通を確保できる。なお、熱緩衝部(12)にはロー材が流れていても同じ効果を奏することができる。
【0011】
【発明の効果】
以上のとおり、セラミックグロープラグを構成する発熱体内に内設される発熱線の電極、特に負電極側において、この発熱体に挿嵌するリードコイルを接合すると共に、このリードコイルの先端を金具先端に固持される金属外筒の後端縁部に接合した上で、このリードコイルの一部に巻幅の間隔を広げて熱緩衝部を形成することにより、セラミックグロープラグの製造における接合行程で発生する熱膨張に伴う応力を緩和してリードコイルの解離を防止し、セラミックグロープラグ内の電気的導通を確実に確保でき、製造行程における不具合の発生を確実に低減化し、生産性を向上させることができる優れた効果を有するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の実施例であるセラミックグロープラグの拡大断面図である。
【図2】その要部を拡大した正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 セラミックグロープラグ
2 発熱体
3 発熱線
4 正電極
5 リードコイル
6 中軸
7 負電極
8 金属外筒
9 (金属外筒の)後端縁部
10 リードコイル
11 金具
12 熱緩衝部
13 (負電極とリ−ドコイルとの)接合部
14 (リ−ドコイルと金属外筒の後端縁部との)接合部
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a ceramic glow plug for preheating intake air in an auxiliary combustion chamber or a main combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, particularly a diesel engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a ceramic glow plug that preheats intake air in a sub-combustion chamber of a diesel engine or the like has a metal outer joint that is integrally joined to the end of a metal fitting in order to achieve electrical continuity with a heating wire embedded in the heating element. In the cylinder, the positive electrode side is one end with respect to the positive and negative electrodes led out to the surface of the heating element of the heating wire embedded in the heating element of the ceramic sintered body that is bonded and held so as to protrude from the tip. The other end of the lead coil to be fitted and joined to the middle shaft is joined by brazing, and the negative electrode side is integrally joined to the metal outer cylinder to which the heating element is joined and held, so that this metal outer cylinder is joined. In general, a body is grounded through a metal fitting to achieve electrical continuity.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above conventional one, in order to achieve electrical conduction to the heating wire embedded in the heating element, the tip of the metal outer tube that is integrally joined to the tip of the metal fitting is projected. For the positive and negative electrodes led out to the surface of the heating element embedded in the heating element of the ceramic sintered body to be bonded and held, the positive electrode side of the lead coil is inserted into the middle shaft and bonded. The other end is joined by brazing, and the negative electrode side is integrally joined to the metal outer cylinder that joins and holds the heating element, thereby achieving electrical conduction through the metal outer cylinder and the metal fitting. In this case, the heating element that embeds the heating wire is joined and fixed in the metal outer cylinder, and this metal outer cylinder is integrally joined to the tip of the metal fitting by brazing. When attaching An electrode derived from a heating wire embedded in the heating element on the surface of the heating element that is preliminarily brazed to the metal outer cylinder by the generated heat, particularly on the negative electrode side, the negative electrode and the metal outer cylinder At the same time as the solder for joining together is softened, the metal outer cylinder partially expands, resulting in poor electrical conduction at the brazed portion and breakage of the electrodes. As a result, body grounding through the metal outer cylinder and the metal fitting is impossible, and there is a drawback in that the electrical conduction of the heating wire embedded in the heating element is hindered and the heating element cannot generate heat.
[0004]
For this reason, an electrode derived from a heating wire embedded in a heating element made of a ceramic sintered body, particularly a negative electrode side, a lead coil with a dense winding wrapped around the heating element is integrally brazed and joined. In addition, the lead coil joined to the negative electrode is brazed to the rear end edge of the metal outer cylinder holding the heating element to secure electrical continuity (JP-A-63). -251724) has been proposed, and on the electrode, especially on the negative electrode side, the lead coil mounted on the heating element with respect to the negative electrode can be expanded and contracted. When the outer cylinder is brazed and joined to the tip of the metal fitting, the heat generated by the joining softens the solder when the metal outer cylinder and the heating element are joined together, and the metal outer cylinder expands in the diametrical direction. , Which is wrapped around the heating element Since the lead coil that joins the end to the rear end edge of the metal outer cylinder is appropriately extended, the negative electrode and the lead coil derived from the heating element, and the lead coil and the metal outer cylinder are electrically connected to each other by brazing. It is possible to perform normal heat generation against the expansion of the metal outer cylinder. However, the heat generated when the metal outer cylinder is joined to the tip of the metal fitting is used. Since the cylinder expands not only in the diametrical direction but also in the axial direction, when the winding width of the lead coil mounted around the rear end of the heating element is dense, it is sufficient in the axial direction. Due to the thermal expansion of the metal outer cylinder, and the joint between the lead coil and the electrode wrapped around the heating element or the rear end edge of the metal outer cylinder and the lead coil The joint is stressed away Put away, there is a problem that electrical conduction of the heating wire buried in the heating body can not be reliably ensured.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention improves the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional ones, and the axial direction of the metal outer cylinder caused by the heat generated when the metal outer cylinder, which is preliminarily fixed with the heating element, is brazed and joined to the metal tip. It is intended to ensure electrical continuity of the heating wire embedded in the heat generating body at all times.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this purpose, a heating element made of a ceramic sintered body projecting from the tip of the metal outer cylinder, which is integrally joined to the tip of the metal fitting by brazing, is bonded and held, and the heating wire embedded in the heating element After joining the lead coil inserted into the rear end of the heating element by brazing to the negative electrode led out to the surface of the heating element, the tip of the lead coil inserted into the heating element is The lead coil joined to the rear end edge of the metal outer cylinder by brazing and joined to the rear end edge of the metal outer cylinder is inserted into and joined to the rear end of the heating element. The heat buffer part formed by expanding the winding width is provided.
[0007]
[Action]
Since the above structure is provided, a negative electrode derived from a heating wire embedded in the heating element in advance and a lead coil inserted into the heating element are joined by brazing, and the tip of the lead coil and the metal outer cylinder are joined. Occurs during brazing and joining when a metal outer cylinder that is integrally secured to the rear end edge by brazing and brazed to secure the electrical continuity to the metal tip. Even if the metal outer cylinder expands in the axial direction due to heat, the heat buffer formed by expanding the winding width of the lead coil provided in the lead coil contracts to absorb the stress accompanying the thermal expansion and after cooling. Since the heat buffer portion that was contracted by absorbing the stress due to thermal expansion expands, the thermal expansion of the metal outer cylinder with respect to the brazed joint between the negative electrode, the lead coil, and the lead coil and the metal outer cylinder Effect of stress accompanying Because reliably prevented, always ensure electrical continuity in the ceramic glow plug.
[0008]
【Example】
The present invention will be further described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. (1) is a ceramic glow plug according to an embodiment of the present invention, (2) is a heating element, and a W, Mo, W-Re alloy is contained inside a ceramic sintered body such as Si 3 N 4 or sialon. A heating wire (3) made of a refractory metal such as Mo-Re alloy or a conductive ceramic such as MoSi 2 or WC is embedded. (8) is a metal outer cylinder, and the heating element (2) protrudes and is joined by the inner cylinder. (11) is a metal fitting provided with an engine mounting screw. The metal outer cylinder (8) protrudes and is joined to the distal end of the inner cavity, and the central shaft (6) is continued to the rear end of the metal fitting and led out to the outside. ) Is arranged. In this ceramic glow plug (1), the positive and negative electrodes (4) and (7) of the heating wire (3) provided therein are led out to the surface of the heating element, and the positive electrode (4) is connected to the lead coil (5). A Ni, Ni—Cr alloy in which the negative electrode (7) is inserted into the heating element (2) on the middle shaft (6) and the tip is joined to the rear edge (9) of the metal outer cylinder (8) A sintered ceramic heating element (2) that is electrically connected by soldering to a lead coil (10) consisting of the above, and the heating element (2) is held by brazing inside The metal outer cylinder (8) to be formed is composed of a metal fitting (11) fixed to the tip.
[0009]
And in the metal outer cylinder (8) which is integrally joined to the tip of the metal fitting (11) by brazing, it is joined in the heating element (2) of the ceramic sintered body which is joined and held so as to project the tip. With respect to the negative electrode (7) led out to the surface of the heating element (2) of the embedded heating wire (3), a lead coil (10) inserted into the rear end of the heating element (2) is lowered. After joining, the tip of the lead coil (10) inserted into the heating element (2) is joined integrally to the rear end edge (9) of the metal outer cylinder (8) by rolling. At the same time, in the lead coil (10) joined to the rear end edge (9) of the metal outer tube (8), the lead coil (10) inserted into and joined to the rear end of the heating element (2). A heat buffer portion (12) formed by increasing the winding width (pitch) is provided.
[0010]
Since the ceramic glow plug (1) according to the embodiment of the present invention has the above-described configuration, the surface of the heating element (2) is formed from the heating wire (3) embedded in the heating element (2) in advance. While joining the negative electrode (7) derived | led-out and the lead coil (10) inserted by the rear-end part to this heat generating body (2), the front-end | tip of this lead coil (10) and a metal outer cylinder ( 8) Electrical continuity is ensured by joining the rear end edge portion (9), and this metal outer cylinder (8) is connected to the tip of the metal fitting (11) constituting the ceramic glow plug (1). When brazed to join, the metal outer cylinder (8) that holds the heating element (2) therein is axially directed, particularly upward, due to the heat generated during the brazing. Even if it expands, it is inserted into the heating element (2), and its tip is joined to the metal outer cylinder (8). In both the lead coil (10) joined to the negative electrode (7) led to the surface of the heating element (2), the heat buffer (12) formed by widening the winding width of the lead coil (10). ) Contracts due to the stress associated with the thermal expansion of the metal outer cylinder (8), thereby absorbing the stress associated with the thermal expansion and attaching the metal outer cylinder (8) that holds the heating element (2) therein to the metal fitting (11 ), And after cooling, the heat buffer portion (12) that has contracted by absorbing the stress accompanying thermal expansion expands, so the negative electrode (7), the lead coil (10), and the lead It is applied in the axial direction accompanying the thermal expansion of the metal outer cylinder (8) with respect to the joints (13) (14) by brazing of the coil (10) and the rear end edge (9) of the metal outer cylinder (8). Since the influence of stress can be reliably prevented, the ceramic glow plug (1) Care continuity can be ensured. In addition, even if the brazing material is flowing in the heat buffer portion (12), the same effect can be obtained.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the lead wire inserted into the heating element is joined to the electrode of the heating wire provided in the heating element constituting the ceramic glow plug, particularly the negative electrode side, and the tip of the lead coil is connected to the tip of the metal fitting. In the joining process in the production of ceramic glow plugs, after joining to the rear end edge part of the metal outer cylinder held by the metal, and forming a thermal buffer part by widening the winding width interval in a part of this lead coil Relieves stress caused by thermal expansion and prevents dissociation of the lead coil, ensures electrical continuity in the ceramic glow plug, reliably reduces defects in the manufacturing process, and improves productivity It has an excellent effect that can be.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a ceramic glow plug according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the main part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ceramic glow plug 2 Heating element 3 Heating wire 4 Positive electrode 5 Lead coil 6 Middle shaft 7 Negative electrode 8 Metal outer cylinder 9 Rear end edge part 10 (of metal outer cylinder) Lead coil 11 Metal fitting 12 Thermal buffer part 13 (With negative electrode Joint 14 (with lead coil) Joint (with lead coil and rear edge of metal outer cylinder)

Claims (1)

金具の先端に一体にロー付けによって接合される金属外筒内に、その先端を突出するセラミック焼結体よりなる発熱体を接合、固持し、その発熱体内に埋設される発熱線の上記発熱体表面に導出される負電極に対して、発熱体の後端部に挿嵌されるリードコイルをロー付けにより接合した上で、発熱体に挿嵌される上記リードコイルの先端を、上記金属外筒の後端縁部に一体にロー付け接合し、この金属外筒の後端縁部に接合されるリードコイルは、発熱体の後端部に挿嵌、接合される上記リードコイルの巻幅を広げて形成される熱緩衝部を設けてなるセラミックグロープラグ。A heating element made of a ceramic sintered body protruding from the end of a metal outer cylinder that is integrally joined to the tip of the metal fitting by brazing is bonded and held, and the heating element of the heating wire embedded in the heating element The lead coil inserted into the rear end of the heating element is joined to the negative electrode led to the surface by brazing, and the tip of the lead coil inserted into the heating element is connected to the outer metal The lead coil joined to the rear end edge of the cylinder by brazing and joined to the rear end edge of the metal outer cylinder is inserted into and joined to the rear end of the heating element. A ceramic glow plug provided with a heat buffering part formed by spreading.
JP32985994A 1994-12-06 1994-12-06 Ceramic glow plug Expired - Lifetime JP3651040B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32985994A JP3651040B2 (en) 1994-12-06 1994-12-06 Ceramic glow plug

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32985994A JP3651040B2 (en) 1994-12-06 1994-12-06 Ceramic glow plug

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08159472A JPH08159472A (en) 1996-06-21
JP3651040B2 true JP3651040B2 (en) 2005-05-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP32985994A Expired - Lifetime JP3651040B2 (en) 1994-12-06 1994-12-06 Ceramic glow plug

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3651040B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH08159472A (en) 1996-06-21

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