JP3585877B2 - Shaving cutter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shaving cutter for finishing a tooth surface of a gear tooth, and more particularly to a serration arrangement of teeth of a shaving cutter used in a conventional shaving method and a diagonal shaving method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, as shown in FIG. 7, the shaving cutter 10 has a substantially disk shape in which a plurality of teeth 11 are provided at regular intervals along the outer circumference. As shown in FIG. 8, serrations 14 provided with a plurality of grooves at regular intervals are formed on the tooth surface 13 of the teeth 11. The peaks are called lands 15, the grooves are called serration grooves 16, and the lands 15 are formed. The ridges located at both ends are cutting edges 17.
Then, in the shaving process, as shown in FIG. 9, a predetermined intersection angle α is provided between the axis 22 of the cutting gear 20 and the axis 12 of the shaving cutter 10 so that the tooth 11 of the shaving cutter 10 The teeth of the gear 20 are engaged with each other, and the tooth surfaces of the teeth of the cut gear 20 are finish-processed by a sliding action caused by the rotational movement.
[0003]
There are four types of shaving methods using the shaving cutter 10, a conventional shaving method, a diagonal shaving method, an underpass shaving method, and a plunge cut shaving method. The shaving process is performed while the relative feed is provided in the direction of the leading edge of the teeth of the gear 20 to be cut.
In the conventional shaving method, a relative feed is given between the shaving cutter 10 and the gear 20 in parallel with the axis 22 of the gear 20 to be cut (in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 9), and in the diagonal shaving method. A relative feed is provided between the shaving cutter 10 and the gear 20 in a direction oblique to the axis 22 of the gear 20 (in the direction of arrow Y in FIG. 9). In the method, a relative feed is given in the direction of the tooth trace of the teeth of the gear 20 to be machined.
[0004]
When the serrations 14 of the teeth 11 of the shaving cutter 10 used in such conventional and diagonal shaving methods are arranged in the order in which they are arranged along the outer periphery, as shown in FIG. The positions 17 are the same without being displaced in the tooth streak direction.
That is, since the feed of the cutting blade 17 is provided in the tooth trajectory direction of the tooth of the work gear 20, even if the cutting blades 17 of all the serrations 14 are arranged at the same position without shifting in the tooth trajectory direction, The tooth surfaces of the teeth of the gear 20 can be finished.
[0005]
That is, as shown in FIG. 11, the cutting blade 17 actually feeds the tooth 21 of the cut gear 20 in the tooth lead direction with respect to the relative feed amount T of the tooth 21 of the cut gear 20 in the tooth lead direction. By shifting by the amount T, the tooth surfaces of the teeth 21 of the cut gear 20 are finished.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described shaving cutter 10, when the cutting edge 17 of the serration 14 is worn out by shaving processing and the sharpness is reduced, the processing accuracy of the tooth surface of the gear 20 to be cut decreases, and accordingly, However, the shaving cutter 10 itself has to be replaced, and the life of the shaving cutter 10 is shortened.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide a shaving cutter that maintains good sharpness of a shaving cutter and has a long life.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve such an object, the present invention has a plurality of teeth having serrations provided on a tooth surface thereof, and is provided with a relative feed in a tooth trace direction of teeth of a gear to be machined. , A shaving cutter that performs shaving processing while giving a first gear, a second gear,..., An N-th gear (N ≧ 2) to one tooth of the cut gear. The position of the cutting edge of the serration that acts is the same. That is, each time one tooth of the cut gear rotates N times, the serration arrangement is such that the position of the cutting edge of the serration acting on this one tooth is sequentially shifted.
Further, in order to obtain such a shaving cutter, for example, a plurality of teeth having serrations on a tooth surface are provided, and shaving processing is performed while relative feed is provided in a tooth streak direction of a tooth of a work gear to be processed. An arrangement of the serrations which act on a first tooth, a second rotation,..., An N-th rotation (N ≧ 2) of the cut gear with respect to one tooth of the cut gear. From the position of the serration cutting blade acting on the first rotation, the position of the serration cutting blade acting on the second and subsequent rotations is determined by the relative feed amount in the direction of the leading edge of the tooth of the cut gear. May be sequentially shifted in a direction opposite to the direction of.
[0009]
With such a configuration, among a plurality of serrations in which the cutting edge acts on one tooth of the cut gear, the cutting edge of the serration that first acts on one tooth of the cut gear becomes rough. The serrated cutting edge that acts as a blade and acts on the same position of one tooth of the gear to be cut after the second time will play the role of a finishing tooth. Thereby, even if the cutting edge of the serration which acts on one tooth of the gear to be cut and becomes a rough edge in the shaving process wears and the sharpness is reduced, the shape of the tooth of the gear to be cut after the second time is reduced. Since the finishing can be performed by the serrated cutting blade that acts on the same position of the tooth and plays the role of the finishing blade, the precision of the tooth surface shape of the tooth of the work gear can be favorably maintained. In addition, even if the serrated cutting edge that plays the role of a rough blade is slightly sharpened, it is possible to cut the tooth surface of the tooth of the work gear, and the serrated cutting edge that plays the role of the finishing blade is finished. Since the machining is performed, the life of the shaving cutter can be improved without lowering the accuracy of the tooth surface shape of the tooth of the workpiece gear.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the same or similar parts as those in the above-described prior art will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of serration of the shaving cutter according to the present embodiment.
[0011]
The shaving cutter 30 according to the present embodiment has a substantially disk shape, and as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of teeth 31 are provided at regular intervals along the outer periphery thereof, and has a gear shape. A serration 34 including the land 15 and the serration groove 16 is formed on the tooth surface 33 of the tooth 31, and ridges at both ends of the land 15 are cutting edges 17.
[0012]
Here, a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the teeth 31 of the shaving cutter 30 and the teeth 21 of the cut gear 20 when shaving the cut gear 20 using the shaving cutter 30 according to the present embodiment is shown. As shown in FIG. The teeth 31 of the shaving cutter 30 according to the present embodiment have, for example, thirteen teeth, and are numbered 31a to 31m in the order in which they are arranged along the outer periphery, and the teeth of the gear 20 to be machined are processed. 21 is assumed to have, for example, five teeth, and numbered from 21 (1) to 21 (5) in the order of arrangement along the outer circumference.
FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the serrations 34 of the teeth 31 of the shaving cutter 30 arranged in the order (31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e,...) Arranged along the outer periphery of the shaving cutter 30.
[0013]
First, as shown in FIG. 2, when the tooth 21a of the cutting gear 20 and the tooth 31a of the shaving cutter 30 are in contact with each other, the tooth 21 of the cutting gear 20 is considered from this state. When (1) makes one rotation, the teeth 21 (1) of the cut gear 20 come into contact with the teeth 31f of the shaving cutter 30, and when it makes another turn, the teeth 21 (1) of the cut gear 20 become It comes into contact with the teeth 31k of the shaving cutter 30. In this manner, each time the gear 20 is rotated, the teeth 21-1 of the gear 20 are brought into contact with the teeth 31a, 31f, 31k, 31c, 31h, 31m,. Then, shaving is performed.
Then, the serrations 34 having the arrangement shown in FIG. 3 are applied to one tooth 21 (1) of the gear 20 to be cut as described above (31a, 31f, 31k, 31c, 31h, ..) Are arranged as shown in FIG.
[0014]
Further, such a shaving cutter 30 is used in a conventional or diagonal shaving method, and a relative feed is given in a direction parallel or oblique to the axis 22 of the gear 20 to be cut, that is, the shaving cutter 30 and the gear 20 to be cut. Considering that a relative feed (relative feed amount T) is provided in the tooth lead direction of the teeth 21 of the gear 20 to be cut, the serrations 34 arranged as shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows the result when viewed with reference to one tooth 21 (1) of the gear 20.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 5, the serrations 34 of the teeth 31 of the shaving cutter 30 according to the present embodiment, when actually acting on one tooth 21 (1) of the gear 20, Two teeth are successively arranged at the same position in the tooth streak direction in the order in which they act on one tooth 21 (1). That is, in FIG. 5, the set A of the serrations 34 of the teeth 31a and f of the shaving cutter 30 is arranged at the same position in the tooth streak direction, and then the set B of the serrations 34 of the teeth 31k and c is positioned at the same position in the streak direction. Are arranged at the same position in the tooth trace direction as a set.
At this time, the amount of deviation between two consecutive serrations 34 (the serrations 34 of the teeth 31f and 31k, the serrations 34 of the teeth 31c and 31h,. This is 2T, which is twice the amount T.
[0016]
This means that, as shown in FIG. 4, in each of the sets A, B, C,... Of the serrations 34 acting at the same position with respect to one tooth 21 (1) of the gear 20 to be machined, The position of the cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 acting on one tooth 21 (1) of the 20 in the tooth streak direction of the shaving cutter 30 is the same, and the position of the cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 acting on the second time. This can be achieved by shifting the position of the cutting blade 17 of the serration 34 acting on the first time by the relative feed amount T in the direction opposite to the relative feed direction given at the time of shaving processing.
[0017]
First, a process of shaving the teeth 21-1 of the gear 20 to be cut using the shaving cutter 30 having such a configuration will be considered. The teeth 21 (1) of the cutting gear 20 are cut by the serrations 34 of the teeth 31a of the shaving cutter 30, and subsequently, are cut by the serrations 34 of the teeth 31f.
Here, the cutting edge 17 of the set A of the serrations 34 of the teeth 31a and 31f acts on the same position on the tooth surface of the tooth 21 of the cut gear 20 without shifting in the tooth streak direction. The cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 serves as a rough blade for performing main cutting, and the cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 for the next tooth 31f serves as a finishing blade for performing surface finishing.
Similarly, the next set B (the serrations 34 of the teeth 31k and 31c) is processed in such a manner that the teeth 21 (1) of the cut gear 20 are processed, and the next set C is repeatedly processed. The shaving process of No. 20 proceeds.
[0018]
That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the relative feed amount T actually given to the cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 is equal to the feed amount 0, And the feed amount 2T are alternately repeated.
Then, the other teeth 21-2 to 21-5 of the cut gear 20 are similarly subjected to shaving, and the shaving of the cut gear 20 is completed.
[0019]
According to the shaving cutter 30 according to the present embodiment, the shaving cutter 30 is used in a conventional or diagonal shaving method. In this order, two sets of serrations A, B,... Which are successively arranged at the same position in the tooth lead direction in the order in which they act on one tooth 21 of the cut gear 20 are formed. Therefore, in the set A, B,..., First, the cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 acting on one tooth 21 of the cut gear 20 serves as a rough edge, and then the same tooth 21 The cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 acting on the position serves as a finishing blade, and the accuracy of the tooth surface shape of the teeth 21 of the cut gear 20 can be improved as compared with the conventional one.
At this time, the relative feed amount T given to the shaving cutter 30 in the direction of the tooth traces of the teeth 21 of the cut gear 20 is appropriately set in consideration of the accuracy of the tooth surface shape and the processing efficiency. A shaving cutter 30 having desired performance can be obtained.
[0020]
Furthermore, even if the cutting blade 17 of the serration 34 which acts on the one tooth 21 of the work gear 20 first by shaving and serves as a rough blade wears and loses sharpness, it acts on the same position for the second time. Since the finishing can be performed by the cutting blade 17 of the serration 34 which plays the role of a finishing blade, the precision of the tooth surface shape of the teeth 21 of the work gear 20 can be favorably maintained. The cutting edge 17 of the serration 34 serving as a rough blade can cut the tooth surface of the tooth 21 of the work gear 20 even if the cutting edge is slightly sharpened. Since the blade 17 finishes, the life of the shaving cutter 30 can be improved without lowering the accuracy of the tooth surface shape of the teeth 21 of the gear 20 to be cut.
[0021]
In the present embodiment, the serrations 34 in which the cutting edge 17 acts at the same position with respect to one tooth 21 of the gear 20 to be cut are continuously formed. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Thus, the cutting edges 17 of three or more serrations 34 may act on the same position with respect to one tooth 21 of the gear 20 to be cut.
Further, in consideration of processing accuracy and the like when processing the serrations 34 on the teeth 31 of the shaving cutter 30, the position may be shifted from the target position within a range of ± 0.07 mm, preferably ± 0.05 mm.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the cutting edge of the serration of the tooth of the shaving cutter acting on the first,... Therefore, even if the cutting edge of the serration that acts on one tooth of the machined gear by shaving and acts as a rough blade wears and loses sharpness, The cutting edge of the serration which acts on the same position of the teeth of the gear and plays the role of the finishing blade can be finished, and the precision of the tooth surface shape of the teeth of the gear to be cut can be maintained well. In addition, the serrated cutting edge that plays the role of a rough blade can cut the tooth surface of the tooth of the work gear even if the cutting edge is slightly sharpened. Therefore, the life of the shaving cutter can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of serration of a shaving cutter according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a shaving cutter and a gear to be cut when performing shaving processing.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram in which serrations of the shaving cutter according to the present embodiment are arranged and arranged in the order in which they are arranged.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in which serrations of the shaving cutter according to the present embodiment are arranged and arranged in the order in which they act on one tooth of a gear to be cut;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of the serrations shown in FIG. 4, when relative feed is taken into consideration and viewed with respect to one tooth of the cut gear.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where the tooth surfaces of the teeth of the cut gear are shaved using the shaving cutter according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a general shaving cutter.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of the shaving cutter in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a state of a shaving process of a general shaving cutter.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram in which serrations of a conventional shaving cutter are arranged in an arranged order.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the tooth surface of a tooth of a work gear is shaved by using a conventional shaving cutter.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 Axis 15 Land 16 Serration groove 17 Cutting blade 20 Work gear 21 Teeth 22 Axis 30 Shaving cutter 31 Teeth 33 Tooth surface 34 Serration

Claims (1)

A shaving cutter that has a plurality of teeth provided with serrations on a tooth surface, and performs shaving processing while being given relative feed in a direction of a tooth of a tooth of a work gear to be processed,
With respect to one tooth of the gear to be cut, the positions of the cutting edges of the serrations acting on the first, second,... A shaving cutter characterized by the following.

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