JP3570755B2 - Personal identification device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a personal identification device that determines an operator's qualification check by comparing biometric information such as a fingerprint, a voiceprint, a retina, and a palmprint in order to determine whether to enter or leave a room or to access a computer. , Matching, and determination accuracy.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, a large number of personal identification devices that perform accurate identification between individuals by inputting fingerprints, voiceprints, and the like have been put to practical use.
In a conventional personal identification device, a person who has permission to enter and exit a predetermined area or the like or a person who has permission to access a computer system can use biometric information for verification, that is, the above-described fingerprint or fingerprint. Information such as a voiceprint is stored in the personal identification device in advance.
[0003]
Therefore, when a person who has obtained such permission wants to enter a room or access a computer, the person enters his / her biometric information as an operator into the personal identification device. An actual fingerprint is pressed against the finger pressing unit of the device, and a fingerprint image of the finger is captured by a camera.) The input fingerprint image is compared with biometric information for verification registered in advance to determine the degree of similarity. calculate.
[0004]
Then, the calculated similarity is compared with a predetermined reference value of the similarity, and if the similarity is higher than the reference value, it is determined that the user is the principal. If it is determined that the person is the person, an unlock signal for unlocking the electric lock provided on the door of the room to be entered is output, and entry into the room is permitted.
On the other hand, if it is determined from the collation result that it is lower than the reference value, it is determined that the user is not the user, and no entry of the room is permitted without outputting the unlock signal of the electric lock.
[0005]
According to the above-described personal identification device using the biometric information, there is no need for the person who is permitted to enter or leave the room or the person who is permitted to access the room to carry a key, a magnetic card, or an IC card. Furthermore, if a key, magnetic card, or IC card is lost, there is a risk of unauthorized use.However, by using biometric information such as fingerprints, voiceprints, palmprints, and retinas that can identify individuals, there is no fear of loss. The personal identification device is advantageous in that it is possible to reliably determine whether or not the person is a permitter.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned conventional technology does not consider that the biological information may not be stably input depending on the constitution and health of a person or environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity at the time of capturing the biological information. Therefore, when the biological information becomes unstable and it cannot be reliably determined that the user is the user, the user may be determined not to be the user even if the user is the user.
[0007]
For example, in a fingerprint collation device which is one aspect of a personal identification device, the physical condition when a fingerprint for collation is registered and the physical condition when inputting to enter a room are different, and the fingerprint data to be input also changes at that time. I will.
For example, for a person who has a poor state of fingerprint data that can be input, such as a person with a dry finger whose surface tends to dry, the similarity may be determined to be close to the reference value, that is, the user is determined to be the verification person. Such a person is affected by the physical condition, humidity, etc. of the day even if the person performs the collation operation, and there are cases where the person is determined to be the person and a case where the person is not the person as a result of the verification. There is a problem in that it will.
[0008]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems of the conventional personal identification device and to provide a personal identification device with a high degree of personal identification.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides an input device for inputting individual biometric information in a personal identification device which determines whether or not the individual who has input predetermined identification information is the individual by comparing it with collation information stored in advance. And personal identification information input means for inputting predetermined information for personal identification relating to the individual; and the collation information for determining whether the individual is the individual and reference values of different levels of height in advance. The information storage means to be stored, calculates the similarity between the biometric information input by the biometric information input means and the information for collation, and when the similarity is higher than the high reference value, it is determined that the user is the person himself, and is input. When it is determined that the similarity related to the biological information is lower than the high reference value a plurality of times, a first matching unit that compares data representing the plurality of similarities with the low reference value, 1 collation means When it is determined that the data representative of the plurality of similarities is higher than the low reference value, the predetermined information for personal identification input by the personal identification information input means is compared with the information storage means. A second aspect of the present invention provides a personal identification device that includes a second matching unit that determines whether the user is a person by comparing the personal information with user information.
[0010]
The predetermined information for personal identification input by the personal identification information input means may be a personal identification number. In this case, the data representative of the plurality of similarities in the first collation means may have the low similarity. When it is determined that the password is higher than the reference value, a password input guidance can be displayed.
[0011]
[Action]
According to the configuration described above, when an individual inputs biometric information and seeks personal identification, the biometric information is first compared and calculated with the feature information of the biometric information and the similarity, and the calculated value is set to a high or low reference value. If it is determined that the value of the calculated similarity related to the biological information is higher than the high reference value, that is, the similarity is high enough to indicate that the person is the person, the person is determined to be the person as it is. In addition, it is determined that the similarity value regarding the average biological information in the plurality of times is lower than the low reference value, for example, it is determined that the similarity value regarding the average biological information in the plurality of times is lower than the high reference value. At that time, the personal identification code such as a recitation number is input as the possibility of the person is high, and it is determined whether or not the person is the person by comparing it with the personal identification code information stored in advance, and when the person is identified as the person, Make sure you are the person you need Transmits the output data, when it is judged not himself, denying said individual, for example, since no delivering an output signal for indicating the entry permission, it is possible to improve the identification accuracy.
[0012]
In addition, even when the input information of the biometric information becomes unstable due to the physical condition of the individual, etc., the multi-stage configuration matching by matching with the high / low reference value and the matching with the personal information registered in advance is executed. High personal identification becomes possible.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a more detailed description will be given based on FIGS. 1 to 4 showing an embodiment in which the personal identification device according to the present invention is configured as a fingerprint collation device.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control unit of a personal identification device according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing an appearance of the personal identification device, and FIG. 3 shows a system configuration of the present embodiment. 4 and 5 are flowcharts showing the operation flow of the apparatus.
[0014]
First, with reference to FIG. 2, an external configuration of a fingerprint matching device realized as an embodiment of the personal identification device according to the present invention will be described.
In FIG. 2, a fingerprint collation device according to the present embodiment includes a fingerprint input unit that reads a fingerprint of a real finger designated by a person who performs an input operation on the device (hereinafter, simply referred to as an operator) with a camera or the like. A code input unit 2 such as a numeric keypad for inputting a selection code for selecting own collation data from collation data such as a fingerprint characteristic parameter for collation or a recall number registered in advance for each operator and a recall number; And a display unit 3 for displaying various guidance data and information such as collation results and operation procedures as guidance.
[0015]
Here, the code input unit 2 uses only the numeric keypad, but the selection code of the collation data is stored in a magnetic card or an IC card, and the selection code of the collation data is read by a card reader. The number may be configured by separate input means such as inputting using a numeric keypad.
In addition, although a liquid crystal (LCD) is used as the display unit 3 as a preferred embodiment, only a CRT display unit, a sound output device such as a speaker, or a combination thereof may be used.
[0016]
FIG. 3 shows a system configuration diagram of the fingerprint matching device of the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, a fingerprint input unit 1 includes, for example, a finger rest formed of a prism for placing a finger to read fingerprint information of a real finger, an LED for irradiating light to the fingerprint, and An optical lens for taking out the image data, a sensor unit 11 including a CCD image sensor or the like for taking in image data, and an A / D converter 12 for quantizing the image data taken in from the sensor unit 11. I have. The control unit 6 to which the fingerprint input unit 1, the code input unit 2, the display unit 3 and the like are connected via the interface (1 / F) 5 has a CPU 61 including peripheral circuits and functions of the fingerprint collation device. ROM 62 for storing a program for realizing the same, a fingerprint characteristic parameter for collation and a recitation number for each person who has been previously authorized on identification (hereinafter, an authorized person), a selection code for specifying these collation data, for example, It has a basic configuration of a microprocessor including a RAM 63 and the like in which an employee number and a date of birth are stored. As described above, each unit of the fingerprint input unit 1, the code input unit 2, and the display unit 3 via the interface 5 And are electrically connected to each other.
[0017]
FIG. 1 mainly shows and illustrates the configuration of the control unit 6 in the fingerprint collation apparatus having the above-described configuration.
In FIG. 1, the RAM 63 stores in advance a fingerprint characteristic parameter and a recitation number of a permitter in association with a collation data selection code, for example, an employee number. In addition, a first reference value for which a reference value of similarity, which will be described later, can be determined to be the person, and a second reference value that is highly likely to be the person are stored as determination data. In this case, it is assumed that the first reference value has a higher similarity than the second reference value.
[0018]
Further, the control unit 6 is provided with various units described below. That is, the means indicated by reference numeral 611 is a feature parameter extracting means for extracting, from the fingerprint inputted from the fingerprint input unit 1, a fingerprint feature parameter such as a ridge direction or a branch point of the fingerprint which can be identified as a person. The unit denoted by reference numeral 612 is a fingerprint matching unit that includes a similarity calculating unit 613 and a determining unit 614, which will be described later, and matches and determines an input fingerprint of the operator.
[0019]
The similarity calculating unit 613 is a unit that compares the fingerprint characteristic parameter from the characteristic parameter extracting unit 611 with a fingerprint characteristic parameter for comparison registered in the RAM 63 in advance, and calculates the similarity.
Further, the judging means 614 compares the similarity calculated by the similarity calculating means 613 with the first reference value and the second reference value preset in the RAM 63, and one operator is himself. This is a determination unit that executes any one of three determination results, that is, the possibility of two persons being high and the fact that the person is not three persons. The determination unit 614 sends a display signal, a control signal, and the like to the display unit 3 and the output unit 616 according to the determination result.
[0020]
The password reconciliation unit 615 operates when the fingerprint collation unit 612 determines that the operator is highly likely to be the user, and stores the revocation number input from the code input unit 2 and the RAM 63 in advance. This is a means for collating the registered password for collation. The recitation number matching unit 615 sends a display signal, a control signal, and the like to the display unit 3 and the output unit 616 according to the determination result.
[0021]
Further, the output means 616 is an output means for transmitting an unlock signal to an electric lock (not shown) in response to a control signal from the fingerprint collation means 612 or the password number collation means 615.
Next, the operation of the fingerprint matching device of the present embodiment having the configuration of the control unit 6 will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.
[0022]
First, it is assumed that collation data is registered and stored in the RAM 63 in advance. First, the operator inputs a collation data selection code for selecting collation data stored in the RAM 63, here, an employee number 1111 from the code input unit 2. When the selection code is inputted, the collation data stored in the RAM 63 corresponding to the selection code is specified (step (1)).
[0023]
Next, the operator's own finger is placed on the sensor unit 11, the fingerprint data is read, A / D converted by the A / D converter 12, and transmitted to the characteristic parameter extracting unit 611 of the controller 6. The feature parameter extracting unit 611 extracts feature parameters such as the ridge direction of the fingerprint, the branch feature of the ridge, and the distance from the center of gravity of the fingerprint image to each feature point from the input fingerprint data. (Step (2)).
[0024]
The fingerprint matching means 612 compares and matches the matching fingerprint feature parameter of the matching data selected in step (1) with the input fingerprint feature parameter, and calculates the similarity (step (3)).
In the next step, the determination unit 614 determines whether or not the user is the principal.
First, the calculated similarity is compared with a first reference value stored in the RAM 63, and if the similarity is higher than the first reference value, it is determined that the user is the person. Then, "verification OK" is displayed on the display unit 3 (step (5)), and an unlock signal is transmitted to an electric lock (not shown) via the output means 615 (step (6)).
[0025]
On the other hand, if it is lower than the first reference value, the process proceeds to step (7). In the step (7), it is determined whether or not the fingerprint collation has been performed a plurality of times, for example, three times. Please return to step (2).
If the number has reached three, the average of the three similarities is calculated (step (9)), and the average is compared with the second reference value (step (10)). Here, the average value of the similarities is used, but data other than the average value may be used as long as the method is a method of calculating data that can represent three similarities.
[0026]
In the case of only one collation instead of a plurality of collations, the data of the result may be used. If it is higher than the second reference value, it is determined that there is a high possibility that the user is the person himself / herself, and the rehearsal number input guidance, for example, "Please input the rehearsal number." .
Next, the operator inputs a recitation number from the code input unit 2 (step (12)). The input password number and the password number for collation specified by the collation data selection code are collated by the password number collation means 615 (step (13)). As a result of the collation, if they match, it is determined that the user is the person, "verification OK" is displayed on the display unit 3 (step (5)), and an unlock signal is transmitted to the electric lock (not shown) via the output means 616. (Step (6)). If the passwords do not match, it is determined that the user is not the user, and the display unit 3 only displays "verification NG" but does not unlock the electric lock (step (14)).
[0027]
In step (10), when it is determined that the current value is lower than the second reference value, it is determined that the user is not the user, and the display unit 3 only displays "verification NG" but does not unlock the electric lock.
In the above-described embodiment, the fingerprint collation is described as the first collation means using the collation number as the second collation means. However, the fingerprint collation, the palm print, the palm print, the retina, the face image and the like are described as the first collation means. Uses biometric information matching means capable of identifying an individual, and applies to the second matching means as long as personal identification is possible such as a password, a magnetic card, an IC card in addition to biometric information such as a fingerprint, voiceprint, retina, and face image. May be.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
With the configuration of the present invention described above, even if the input of biometric information is unstable due to physical condition, etc., if the possibility of the individual is high, the security of the user can be improved by combining it with a password number, biometric information and other matching means. Someone can be identified.
In particular, by using biometric information for the first collation means and using a password that is not affected by the external environment such as physical condition and does not require carrying a card or the like for the second collation means, Even in the case of being affected, it is possible to perform personal identification with high security with little determination that the user is not the user.
[0029]
Further, as soon as the first collation means is OK, the unlocking of the electric lock and the access to the computer are immediately permitted, so that the time and effort for collation can be reduced as compared with the case where the two types of collation means are simply combined. Since individual identification becomes possible, usability is improved.
Furthermore, since a series of operations enables stepwise individual identification according to the physical condition and the environment, it is not necessary to perform the operations many times, and the operability is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control unit of a personal identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing the appearance of the device.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration according to the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a first half of an operation flow of the apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the latter half of the operation flow of the device.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a combined state of FIGS. 4 and 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fingerprint input part 2 ... Code input part 3 ... Display part 6 ... Control part 61 ... CPU
63… RAM
612: fingerprint matching means 613 ... similarity calculating means 614 ... determining means 615 ... reciting number matching means

Claims (3)

In the personal identification apparatus individuals who enter a predetermined identification information is determined by comparing the verification information stored in advance whether the person,
An input means for inputting personal biometric information,
Personal identification information input means for inputting predetermined information for personal identification of the individual,
Information storage means for storing in advance the matching information for determining whether the individual is the person and reference values of different levels of height,
The similarity between the biometric information input by the biometric information input means and the matching information is calculated, and when the similarity is higher than the high reference value, it is determined that the user is the subject and the similarity regarding the input biometric information is determined. When it is determined that the low reference value is lower than the high reference value a plurality of times, a first matching unit that compares data representing the similarity degree of the plurality of times with the low reference value ,
The predetermined information for personal identification input by the personal identification information input means when the first matching means determines that the data representative of the plurality of similarities is higher than the low reference value. Second matching means for comparing the information with the matching information in the information storage means to determine whether or not the user is an identity person;
A personal identification device characterized by comprising: The predetermined information for personal identification input by the personal identification information input means is a password,
The personal identification device according to claim 1, wherein when the first matching unit determines that the data representing the plurality of similarities is higher than the low reference value, a personal identification number input guidance is displayed . The personal identification device according to claim 1, wherein the data representing the plurality of similarities is an average value of the similarities related to the biometric information input a plurality of times.

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