JP3553256B2 - Purification method of trioxane - Google Patents

Purification method of trioxane Download PDF

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JP3553256B2
JP3553256B2 JP01576396A JP1576396A JP3553256B2 JP 3553256 B2 JP3553256 B2 JP 3553256B2 JP 01576396 A JP01576396 A JP 01576396A JP 1576396 A JP1576396 A JP 1576396A JP 3553256 B2 JP3553256 B2 JP 3553256B2
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Prior art keywords
trioxane
debz
present
extractant
formaldehyde
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JPH09208577A (en
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圭造 谷村
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Polyplastics Co Ltd
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Polyplastics Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド水溶液に含まれるトリオキサンを分離精製する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
トリオキサンはホルムアルデヒドの環状3量体であり、主としてポリオキシメチレンの製造原料として用いられ、一般にホルムアルデヒド水溶液の加熱により得られる。工業的には、30〜80%のホルムアルデヒド水溶液を酸性触媒の存在下で加熱反応することによって製造される。このようにして得られたトリオキサンを未反応ホルムアルデヒドを含む水溶液から分離精製するにあたり、一般的には抽出法が用いられる場合が多いが、トリオキサンと共沸する抽剤は使用できない。従来知られている抽剤としては、二塩化メチレン、アセトン、エーテル、ベンゼン等のトリオキサンよりも低沸点の抽剤があるが、装置、取扱いの点で煩雑になる上、最後のトリオキサンと抽剤の分離工程において高沸点不純物が混じり、トリオキサンの純度を低下させることがある。
この欠点を解消するための抽剤として、ジエチルベンゼンのような高沸点抽剤が知られている(特公昭42−12671 号公報)。このジエチルベンゼンは工業的にはエチルベンゼンの副生成物として得られる3種の異性体(オルト体、メタ体、パラ体)の混合物で、それぞれが約3℃以内の沸点差での沸点を有しており、通常の蒸留法では分離が困難であるため、通常入手可能なジエチルベンゼンはこの混合ジエチルベンゼン(以下、混合DEBZと言う)であり、概ねの組成はオルト体5〜15%、メタ体50〜70%、パラ体20〜30%である。しかし、本発明者が検討したところ、混合DEBZとホルムアルデヒドは、酸性物質、例えば加熱ホルムアルデヒド水溶液中には必然的に存在する蟻酸等が共存するとこの酸性物質を触媒としてメチロール化物、更にはメチロール化物同士の縮合物が多量に生成し(以下、DEBZ変性物と言う)、ジエチルベンゼンよりも高沸点の不純物となり、トリオキサンの製造工程上の欠点となる上に、抽剤のロスにつながるので、工業的規模でのトリオキサンの精製、特に連続運転による精製においては経済的に好ましくないことが判明した。
尚、このDEBZ変性物は蟻酸等の酸性物質を触媒としているので、酸性物質の低減化により経済的な精製方法が達成できるように思われるが、実質的には困難である。なぜなら、例えばここで説明している抽出工程の場合、抽出残液中には未反応ホルムアルデヒドが多く含まれているので、前工程であるトリオキサンの合成反応器に戻されるのが経済的観点から一般的であるが、この戻される抽出残液中には溶解度分の抽剤が存在しており、且つトリオキサンの合成反応には硫酸のような均一系酸性触媒或いは固体酸のような不均一酸性触媒が使用されるため、同じ反応が起こりDEBZ変性物が生成してしまうからである。
【0003】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、かかる従来技術の課題を解決し、トリオキサンを経済的・効率的に分離抽出する方法について鋭意検討を重ねた結果、トリオキサンをホルムアルデヒド水溶液から分離精製するに際し、高沸点溶剤としてジエチルベンゼンのパラ異性体を選択的に使用することにより、反応不純物が少なく経済的にトリオキサンの精製方法ができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。
即ち本発明は、ホルムアルデヒド水溶液に含まれるトリオキサンを溶剤を用いて分離精製するにあたり、溶剤としてジエチルベンゼンのパラ異性体を使用することを特徴とするトリオキサンの精製方法である。
【0004】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の精製方法を詳細に説明する。
本発明は上記の如く、トリオキサンをホルムアルデヒド水溶液から分離精製するにあたり、高沸点溶剤であるジエチルベンゼンのパラ異性体(以下、P−DEBZと言う)を使用することを特徴とする。
本発明を実施するに際し、分離精製方法としては一般に抽出法が使用されるがその抽出形式は、通常用いられる抽出装置であれば特に限定されず、例示するとセトラー型、充填塔、棚段塔などが用いられ、接触方式も交流あるいは並流の何れでもよい。
本発明の精製方法の対象となるトリオキサンを含むホルムアルデヒド水溶液の例としては、ホルムアルデヒド水溶液を酸性触媒の存在下で反応させてなるトリオキサンを含有する反応液、該反応液を蒸留等により処理した留出液、重合工程からの未反応トリオキサンを含む回収液等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではなく、要はトリオキサンとホルムアルデヒドを含む水溶液であればいずれも対象となりうる。
また、使用する抽剤の量は、対象液の量、トリオキサン濃度等を考慮して適宜決定される。
また、抽出操作後の抽剤中のトリオキサンの組成は、通常、抽出装置に供給されるホルムアルデヒド水溶液中のトリオキサン濃度と該抽剤に対するトリオキサンの分配性に依存する。使用される抽剤の製造方法には特に限定はされないが、一般的には通常入手可能な混合DEBZからP−DEBZを分離精製することによって得られ、共沸蒸留による精製方法、結晶化による精製方法やゼオライトへの吸着法などが知られている。本発明の精製方法において使用できる溶剤は、小量のオルト異性体とメタ異性体を含んでいても、実質的にP−DEBZで構成されていれば良く、好ましくは90%、さらに好ましくは98%以上がP−DEBZで構成されている溶剤が良好に使用される。
このようにして得られたP−DEBZを使用することにより、本精製工程中でのDEBZ変性物の生成量が著しく減少し、経済的な精製方法を達成することができた。
【0005】
【実施例】
以下、実施例をあげて本発明を具体的に説明するが本発明がこれらに限定されるものではない。
以下の実施例、比較例において、溶剤としては試薬(和光特級)の混合DEBZ及び純度96%のP−DEBZを使用した。DEBZ変性物の主体であるモノメチロール化物の定量にはガスクロマトグラフ法を使用した。
実施例1
ホルムアルデヒド60%、ギ酸3%、トリオキサン1.5 %を含む水溶液1000gとP−DEBZ 100gをフラスコに投入し、90℃で40分間攪拌した後、静置して溶剤相と水相に分離させ、発生したDEBZ変性物量を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
比較例1
実施例1において、P−DEBZの代わりに混合DEBZを用いた以外は同様にして試験を行い、発生したDEBZ変性物量を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例2
実施例1の水相(ホルムアルデヒド濃度約60%、溶解P−DEBZ 0.28 %を含む)を、100 ℃に保持された陽イオン交換樹脂(三菱化成製ダイアイオンPK216 )40gを充填したカラムに0.5 リットル/hで供給し、カラムから流出した液中のDEBZ変性物量を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
比較例2
比較例1の水相(ホルムアルデヒド濃度約60%、溶解混合DEBZ 0.26 %を含む)を用いて、実施例2と同様の操作を行い、カラムから流出した液中のDEBZ変性物量を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
【0006】
【表1】

Figure 0003553256
【0007】
【表2】
Figure 0003553256
【0008】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明及び実施例によって明らかな如く、本発明の方法によれば、混合DEBZを用いる従来法に比べ、DEBZ変性物量が顕著に低減し、ホルムアルデヒド水溶液からトリオキサンを経済的に抽出することができ、工業的な連続運転を行う上で極めて有用な精製方法である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for separating and purifying trioxane contained in an aqueous formaldehyde solution.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
Trioxane is a cyclic trimer of formaldehyde, is mainly used as a raw material for producing polyoxymethylene, and is generally obtained by heating a formaldehyde aqueous solution. Industrially, it is produced by heating and reacting a 30 to 80% aqueous formaldehyde solution in the presence of an acidic catalyst. In order to separate and purify the thus obtained trioxane from an aqueous solution containing unreacted formaldehyde, an extraction method is generally used in many cases, but an extractant that azeotropes with trioxane cannot be used. As a conventionally known extractant, there is an extractant having a lower boiling point than trioxane such as methylene dichloride, acetone, ether, and benzene, but it becomes complicated in terms of equipment and handling, and the final trioxane and extractant are used. In the separation step, impurities having a high boiling point may be mixed to lower the purity of trioxane.
A high-boiling extractant such as diethylbenzene is known as an extractant for overcoming this drawback (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-12771). This diethylbenzene is a mixture of three isomers (ortho-, meta-, and para-isomers) industrially obtained as a by-product of ethylbenzene, each having a boiling point with a boiling point difference within about 3 ° C. Since it is difficult to separate by a normal distillation method, usually available diethylbenzene is this mixed diethylbenzene (hereinafter, referred to as mixed DEBZ), and its general composition is 5 to 15% in an ortho form and 50 to 70 in a meta form. %, Para body 20-30%. However, the inventors of the present invention have studied that mixed DEBZ and formaldehyde can be converted into methylol compounds and further methylol compounds by using the acidic substance as a catalyst when an acidic substance such as formic acid inevitably present in a heated aqueous formaldehyde solution coexists. Is produced in a large amount (hereinafter referred to as DEBZ-modified product) and becomes an impurity having a higher boiling point than diethylbenzene, which is a disadvantage in the production process of trioxane and leads to loss of the extractant. It has been found that the purification of trioxane by the above method, particularly the purification by continuous operation, is not economically favorable.
Since the DEBZ modified product uses an acidic substance such as formic acid as a catalyst, it seems that an economical purification method can be achieved by reducing the amount of the acidic substance, but it is practically difficult. This is because, for example, in the case of the extraction process described here, since unreacted formaldehyde is contained in a large amount in the extraction residue, it is generally returned from the economical point of view to the trioxane synthesis reactor in the previous process. However, the extraction residue returned contains an extractant for the solubility, and a homogeneous acidic catalyst such as sulfuric acid or a heterogeneous acidic catalyst such as solid acid is used for the synthesis reaction of trioxane. Is used, and the same reaction occurs to produce a modified DEBZ product.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have solved the problems of the prior art, and as a result of intensive studies on a method for separating and extracting trioxane economically and efficiently, when trioxane is separated and purified from an aqueous formaldehyde solution, diethylbenzene is used as a high boiling point solvent. It has been found that by selectively using the para isomer of the formula (1), a process for purifying trioxane can be economically performed with less reaction impurities, and the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention is a method for purifying trioxane, which comprises separating and purifying trioxane contained in an aqueous formaldehyde solution using a solvent, wherein a para isomer of diethylbenzene is used as a solvent.
[0004]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the purification method of the present invention will be described in detail.
As described above, the present invention is characterized in that, in separating and purifying trioxane from an aqueous formaldehyde solution, a para-isomer of diethylbenzene (hereinafter, referred to as P-DEBZ) which is a high boiling point solvent is used.
In carrying out the present invention, an extraction method is generally used as a separation and purification method, but the extraction format is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used extraction device, and examples thereof include a settler type, a packed column, and a tray column. And the contact method may be either AC or cocurrent.
Examples of the formaldehyde aqueous solution containing trioxane to be subjected to the purification method of the present invention include a reaction liquid containing trioxane obtained by reacting an aqueous formaldehyde solution in the presence of an acidic catalyst, and a distillate obtained by treating the reaction liquid by distillation or the like. Examples thereof include a liquid, a recovery liquid containing unreacted trioxane from the polymerization step, and the like. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any aqueous solution containing trioxane and formaldehyde can be used.
The amount of the extractant to be used is appropriately determined in consideration of the amount of the target liquid, the concentration of trioxane, and the like.
In addition, the composition of trioxane in the extractant after the extraction operation usually depends on the trioxane concentration in the aqueous formaldehyde solution supplied to the extraction device and the distribution of trioxane to the extractant. The method for producing the extractant used is not particularly limited, but is generally obtained by separating and purifying P-DEBZ from mixed DEBZ which is generally available, and a purification method by azeotropic distillation, purification by crystallization. Methods and adsorption methods to zeolite are known. The solvent that can be used in the purification method of the present invention may contain a small amount of the ortho isomer and the meta isomer as long as it is substantially composed of P-DEBZ, preferably 90%, more preferably 98%. % Or more of the solvent composed of P-DEBZ is preferably used.
By using the P-DEBZ thus obtained, the amount of the DEBZ modified product produced in the present purification step was significantly reduced, and an economical purification method could be achieved.
[0005]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, mixed DEBZ of a reagent (Wako special grade) and P-DEBZ having a purity of 96% were used as solvents. The gas chromatographic method was used for the quantification of the monomethylol compound which is the main component of the DEBZ modified product.
Example 1
A flask was charged with 1000 g of an aqueous solution containing 60% formaldehyde, 3% formic acid, and 1.5% trioxane and 100 g of P-DEBZ, stirred at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes, and allowed to stand to separate into a solvent phase and an aqueous phase. The amount of the generated DEBZ modified product was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
Comparative Example 1
A test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mixed DEBZ was used instead of P-DEBZ, and the amount of the generated DEBZ modified product was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
Example 2
The aqueous phase of Example 1 (containing about 60% formaldehyde and 0.28% dissolved P-DEBZ) was charged into a column packed with 40 g of a cation exchange resin (Diaion PK216 manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei) maintained at 100 ° C. The DEBZ was supplied at a rate of 0.5 liter / h and the amount of the denatured DEBZ in the liquid flowing out of the column was measured. Table 2 shows the results.
Comparative Example 2
Using the aqueous phase of Comparative Example 1 (containing about 60% formaldehyde and 0.26% dissolved and mixed DEBZ), the same operation as in Example 2 was performed, and the amount of denatured DEBZ in the liquid flowing out of the column was measured. . Table 2 shows the results.
[0006]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003553256
[0007]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003553256
[0008]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description and Examples, according to the method of the present invention, the amount of the modified DEBZ is remarkably reduced as compared with the conventional method using mixed DEBZ, and trioxane can be economically extracted from the aqueous formaldehyde solution. It is a very useful purification method for industrial continuous operation.

Claims (2)

ホルムアルデヒド水溶液に含まれるトリオキサンを溶剤を用いて分離精製するにあたり、溶剤としてジエチルベンゼンのパラ異性体を使用することを特徴とするトリオキサンの精製方法。A method for purifying trioxane, comprising separating and purifying trioxane contained in an aqueous formaldehyde solution using a solvent, wherein a para isomer of diethylbenzene is used as a solvent. 分離精製が抽出法により行われる請求項1記載のトリオキサンの精製方法。The method for purifying trioxane according to claim 1, wherein the separation and purification are performed by an extraction method.
JP01576396A 1996-01-31 1996-01-31 Purification method of trioxane Expired - Fee Related JP3553256B2 (en)

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KR101092199B1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2011-12-09 코오롱플라스틱 주식회사 Method for preparing 1,3,5-trioxane

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