JP3546968B2 - Former used for packaging machine and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

として表わされる。
【００１０】
また、稜線Ｑの最上部Ｏから最下部Ａまでのチューブ部１の軸線ζ方向の距離Ｈは、包材の材質やその厚さによって決められ、
ＯＰのη軸に対する傾きをθとすると、
ξ＝ＯＡ−ＰＡ・ｃｏｓθ
＝２ｒ（１−ｃｏｓ^２ θ）
＝ｒ（１−ｃｏｓ２θ） ‥‥（１）
η＝ＰＡ・ｓｉｎθ
＝２ｒ・ｓｉｎθ・ｃｏｓθ
＝ｒ・ｓｉｎ２θ ‥‥（２）
また、ζ＝ｆ（θ） ‥‥（３）
としてζをθの関数として表わす。
【００１１】
つぎに、稜線上の点Ｐの接線の変化割合いを一定にする設計条件として、まず、ベクトルに分解し、ζ−ξ平面投影上の傾きをα、ζ−η平面投影上の傾きをβとすると、
【数４】

【数５】

となる。
【００１２】
一方、Ｐ点での接線のξ−η平面に対する傾きをγとすると、設計条件から、
【数６】

となり、これを定数ａとして積分すると、
ｔａｎγ＝ａθ ‥‥（６）
但し、θ＝０でｔａｎγ＝０とする。
また、立体角の定義から、
【数７】

から、
【数８】

これに（４）（５）式を代入すると、
【数９】

これを、ｆ（ｏ）＝０として積分すると、
ｆ（θ）＝ａγθ^２ ‥‥（１０）
ここで、
【数１０】

であるから、
【数１１】

となり、
【数１２】

となる。これを（１０）式に代入すると、
【数１３】

そして、Ａ−Ａ部で切り開いて展開し、座標変換して表わすと、
【数１４】

となり、放物線で加工すれば稜線の傾きの変化割合を一定にすることができる。
【００１３】
ところで以上は、ξ−η平面の形状を円として説明したもので、計算は複雑になるが、この考えを長円形や楕円形にも適用することができる。
ここでξ−ζ平面に投影した稜線の形状は、（１３）式を（１）式に代入することによって得られ、
【数１５】

ξをζで微分すると
【数１６】

ここで、２θ→０とすると、
【数１７】

から、
【数１８】

となる。
【００１４】
セーラー部６について
図４に示したように、セーラー部６の中心軸ξから点０を通ってζ軸方向に包材が移動する場合、中心からずれるにしたがってセーラー部６の面を通過する距離が長くなる。
セーラー部６の面と稜線Ｑのなす角δは、その傾斜角をρとすると、
【数１９】

実験的にはδを１１０°、つまり
【数２０】

程度とするとよい結果が得られる。
【数２１】

を（１４）に代入すると、
【数２２】

したがって、稜線Ｑの最上部Ｏまでのセーラー部６の高さＨは、
【数２３】

となる。
【００１５】
いま、代表的なセーラー部６の角度ρをπ／４とすると、
Ｈ＝０．２３３π^２ ｒ
となって、標準化されたフォーマを設計することができる。
【００１６】
以上、総合して説明すると、
稜線Ｑのξ−ζ面への投影曲線は、（１）式より
【数２４】

となり、０点での傾きは
【数２５】

Ａ点での傾きはζ軸に平行で、またη−ζ面では、η軸に対して
【数２６】

となる。
【００１７】
また稜線Ｑの傾きは、
【数２７】

となって、θに関する一次式で表わされ、その変化は一定で包材にシワを発生させない。
【００１８】
展開曲線Ｒについては、
【数２８】

と、Ｙに関する２次曲線となるため、包材の材質、厚みあるいは成形すべき袋のサイズに応じて係数Ｈ、ｒを決定すれば、ＮＣ加工機への連続したデータとして入力することができる。
【００１９】
一方、図２（ａ）に示したように、チューブ部１は筒状に曲成された上、その両側端に若干重ね合わせたオーバーラップ部分２が形成されるか、あるいは、図２（ｂ）に示したように、対向する左右一対の縦シールヒータによって合掌張りができるような偏平な部分３として形成され、当然のことながらこれらの部分２、３はシールの仕様により異なる。
【００２０】
他方、袋の縦シール部は図５に示したように、形状的には同図の▲１▼ーａ、▲１▼ーｂに示したようなフィンシールタイプとラップシールタイプがあり、フィンシールタイプは合掌張りとも呼ばれていて、包材の両側縁の内面同士を接着して一方に折畳む形式のものであり、ラップシールタイプは封筒張りとも呼ばれていて、包材の一方の側縁の内面を他方の側縁の表面に接着する形式のもので、これらは、接合部ｅの巾と位置を異にしている。
【００２１】
また、位置的な分類としては、同図の▲２▼ーａ、▲２▼ーｂに見られるようなスタンダードタイプとオフセットタイプがあって、スタンダードタイプが接合部ｅを袋の巾方向中央に位置させるものであるのに対し、オフセットタイプは、一方に側に折畳んだ際にその内側縁ｆか外端縁ｇのいずれかを袋の巾方向中央に位置させるもので、いずれのタイプを採るかによって、チューブ部１に送り込む包材の巾方向位置を変える必要がある。
【００２２】
またさらに、方向的な分類として同図の▲３▼ーａ、▲３▼ーｂに示したスタンダードタイプとリバースタイプは、合掌張りしたあとの折畳み方向の違いによるもので、このものも折畳みの向きにより側縁の位置が異なり、送り込みの際の包材の巾方向位置を変える必要がある。
【００２３】
したがって、成形すべきセーラー部６及びチューブ部１には、袋の形状や接合部の位置あるいは折畳み方向を指定することにより、これらの両側あるいは一側に設ける張出し部の巾等が決定される。
【００２４】
ところで図１は、数値制御型の炭酸ガスレーザ切断機を用い、かつ本発明方法をもとにして、ブランク材からセーラー部６とチューブ部１を切出す状態を示したものである。
【００２５】
すなわち、数値制御されたこの切断機には、セーラー２及びチューブ３の各接合部をなす上記展開曲線Ｒを連続的な曲線で切断するための２次式、つまり
【数２９】

が入力され、また、袋のサイズや包材の材質、厚さに応じてチューブ部１の径ｒや展開曲線Ｒの軸Ｚ方向高さＨが係数として入力される。
【００２６】
そして、セーラー部６の裾部８とチューブ部１の筒部４には、成形すべき袋のサイズに応じて袋の巾Ｂの２倍の巾２Ｂの寸法が入力された上、これらの一側もしくは両側に、成形すべき袋の形状あるいは接着部の位置や方向に応じて設定される巾の張出し部Ｗの寸法が加算されて入力される。
【００２７】
このようにして所要のデータが入力されたレーザ切断機は、セーラー部６についてはその裾部８の一隅Ｍより、またチューブ部１については筒部４の一隅Ｎより、それぞれ矢印で示した方向に一筆書きでブランク材より切断し、他方、切断されたチューブ部１は円筒状に曲成された上、その上部の展開曲線Ｒ部分に若干の段差を設けるようにしてセーラー部６の展開曲線Ｒ部分を当接させて両者を溶接により一体化し、フォーマとして完成させる。
【００２８】
ところで、図６は、大型の袋を成形するためチューブを長円形となしたフォーマについての成形条件の一例を示したもので、中間の式は省略するが、
長円型の両端円弧部の各半径をｒ、該各円弧部間の距離をＬ、上記チューブの稜線の最高点から最低点までのチューブ軸心方向Ｚの高さをＨ_１ 、該チューブの径方向の軸線をＹとしたとき、上記切断手段に入力すべき展開曲線としての２次式は、
【数３０】

となる。
【００２９】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように本発明によれば、セーラー部とチューブ部の稜線接合部の展開曲線を、稜線接合部の接線の変化割合が一定となる２次曲線となしたので、セーラー部に送り込まれてきた包材を稜線上で滑らせながら、滑らかにチューブ部の内周面に沿わせてこれにシワ等を生じさせることなく筒状に曲成することができる。
【００３０】
しかも、袋のサイズと包材の材質等により決まる係数を乗じた２次式をもとにセーラー部とチューブ部の相接合する展開曲線部分を切断してゆくようにしたので、自動加工機に連続したデータの入力を可能にするとともに、セーラー部とチューブが接合する稜線の変化を一定となして、包材へのシワの発生を皆無にすることができる。
【００３１】
またさらに、袋のサイズに縦シール部の形状により決定される寸法を加算し、これをセーラー部とチューブの巾方向寸法データとして入力するようにしたので、上記した２次式データの入力とあいまって、互換性のある所要サイズのフォーマを何等の熟練を有することなく容易にかつ迅速に成形することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（ａ）（ｂ）は各ブランク材上で自動切断するセーラーとチューブを示した図である。
【図２】（ａ）（ｂ）はいずれもフォーマーの基本形を示した図である。
【図３】（ａ）乃至（ｃ）はチューブの稜線について示したξ−η図、ξ−ζ図、η−ζ図である。
【図４】（ａ）（ｂ）はチューブとセーラーの接合部について示したξ−η図、ξ−ζ図である。
【図５】袋の縦シール部について示したもので、▲１▼−ａ、▲１▼ｂはその形状、▲２▼−ａ、▲２▼−ｂはその位置、▲３▼−ａ、▲３▼−ｂはその向きをそれぞれ示したものである。
【図６】長円形フォーマの稜線の成形条件について示したξ−η図、ξ−ζ図、η−ζ図である。
【図７】包装機に用いられるフォーマの全容を示した斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ チューブ
６ セーラー
Ｒ 展開曲線[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a former used for a packaging machine and a method for manufacturing the former.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a bag making and packaging machine represented by a vertical pillow packaging machine, a former for bending a long packaging material into a cylindrical shape is used.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 7, this former bends the long packaging material s sent in a flat state so as to surround the tube portion 1 while following the curved surface portion of the sailor portion 6, Then, it is bent from the ridge line portion 9 where the sailor portion 6 and the tube portion 1 are joined to the inner surface of the tube portion 1 at an acute angle so as to be bent into a cylindrical shape.
[0004]
For this reason, the packaging material s pushed upward by the upper surface of the sailor portion 6 changes its direction at an acute angle on the ridgeline portion 9, and is turned downward by a pull-down belt (not shown) and a package put into the inside. If the shape of the ridge line portion 9 is not correct due to the tensile force of the ridge line 9 or if the portion has a slight unevenness and does not form a continuous curve, the wrapping is performed in the process of passing through this portion. Wrinkles are generated in the material s, which causes inconvenience such that vertical thin thread streaks are formed on the surface of the bag and the appearance of the product is considerably impaired.
[0005]
Therefore, such a former is usually formed by casting, and the ridge portion 9 is subjected to precise profiling using a master mold. However, this requires a long time by a skilled worker. In addition to the necessity of an operation, the production cost is unnecessarily increased, and there is a problem that the shape of each former varies and the compatibility is poor.
[0006]
In addition, for this type of former, it is necessary to arrange for each size of the bag to be molded, and whether the shape of the vertical seal is a fin seal type or a wrap seal type, or the position of the vertical seal is a standard type The width and position of the overlapped portion must be changed depending on whether the offset type, the vertical seal direction is the standard type or the reverse type, and furthermore, the sailor depends on the material and thickness of the packaging material s. For example, it is necessary to change the inclination angle of the part 6, and even if the size of the bag is the same, it is necessary to prepare various types of formers according to the specification, and the cost required for this is not negligible. I have.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to use a numerically controlled machine tool to accurately and inexpensively form various formers according to specifications at low cost. Another object of the present invention is to provide a new former for a packaging machine which can be manufactured at a high speed and a method for manufacturing the former.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention, as a former for a packaging machine for achieving such a problem, forms a development curve of a ridge joint portion between a sailor portion and a tube portion as a curve in which a change rate of a tangent line of the ridge line joint becomes constant. As a molding method, the expansion curve of the ridge joint between the sailor portion and the tube portion is expressed as a quadratic expression multiplied by a coefficient determined by the size of the bag and the material and thickness of the packaging material. The sailor section and the tube section are cut out from the blank material by a cutting means which inputs the width dimension of the section and the tube section as an addition value of the width dimension of the bag and the dimension determined by the shape, position and direction of the vertical seal section. At the same time, these two are bent to join the ridge line joints to be integrated.
[0009]
【Example】
Therefore, the embodiment shown below will be described.
First, based on FIG. 2 showing the basic shape of the former and FIG. 3 showing the molding conditions of the tube portion 1 and the sailor portion 6, wrinkles and the like are applied to the packaging material sent onto the sailor portion 6. The condition for bending this along the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 1 without causing it, that is, providing a smooth continuity to the ridgeline Q where these two are joined together, and A description will be given of molding conditions that also have a coefficient.
With respect to the tube portion 1, the radius r of the tube portion 1 is determined by the size of the bag to be molded, and when the width of the bag (FIG. 5) is B,
[Equation 3]

It is represented as
[0010]
The distance H in the axis 軸 direction of the tube portion 1 from the uppermost portion O to the lowermost portion A of the ridgeline Q is determined by the material and thickness of the packaging material.
Assuming that the inclination of the OP with respect to the η axis is θ,
ξ = OA- PA · cos θ
^{= 2r (1-cos 2 θ} )
= R (1-cos2θ)） (1)
η = PA · sin θ
= 2r · sinθ · cosθ
＝ r ・ sin2θ ‥‥ (2)
Also, ｆ = f (θ) ‥‥ (3)
Represents と し て as a function of θ.
[0011]
Next, as a design condition for keeping the rate of change of the tangent of the point P on the ridge line constant, first, it is decomposed into vectors, and the inclination on the ζ-ξ plane projection is α, and the inclination on the ζ-η plane projection is β. Then
(Equation 4)

(Equation 5)

It becomes.
[0012]
On the other hand, assuming that the inclination of the tangent at the point P with respect to the ξ-η plane is γ, from the design conditions,
(Equation 6)

And integrating this as a constant a,
tanγ = aθ ‥‥ (6)
However, it is assumed that θ = 0 and tanγ = 0.
Also, from the definition of solid angle,
(Equation 7)

From
(Equation 8)

Substituting equations (4) and (5) into this gives:
(Equation 9)

When this is integrated as f (o) = 0,
f (θ) = aγθ ² ‥‥ (10)
here,
(Equation 10)

Because
(Equation 11)

Becomes
(Equation 12)

It becomes. Substituting this into equation (10) gives
(Equation 13)

Then, open and expand in the AA section, and express by coordinate transformation,
[Equation 14]

By processing with a parabola, the rate of change of the inclination of the ridge line can be made constant.
[0013]
In the above description, the shape of the ξ-η plane is described as a circle, and the calculation becomes complicated. However, this idea can be applied to an oval or an ellipse.
Here, the shape of the ridge projected on the ξ-ζ plane is obtained by substituting equation (13) into equation (1).
(Equation 15)

Differentiating ξ with ζ gives:

Here, if 2θ → 0,
[Equation 17]

From
(Equation 18)

It becomes.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 4, when the packaging material moves in the axial direction from the central axis の of the sailor portion 6 through the point 0 as shown in FIG. Becomes longer.
The angle δ between the surface of the sailor section 6 and the ridge line Q is given by
[Equation 19]

Experimentally, δ is 110 °, that is,

A good result can be obtained with the degree.
(Equation 21)

Substituting into (14),
(Equation 22)

Therefore, the height H of the sailor 6 up to the top O of the ridgeline Q is
(Equation 23)

It becomes.
[0015]
Now, assuming that the angle ρ of the representative sailor unit 6 is π / 4,
H = 0.233π ² r
Thus, a standardized former can be designed.
[0016]
As described above,
The projection curve of the ridge line Q onto the ξ-ζ plane is given by the following equation from equation (1).

And the slope at point 0 is

The inclination at the point A is parallel to the ζ axis, and on the η-ζ plane,

It becomes.
[0017]
The inclination of the ridgeline Q is
[Equation 27]

Is expressed by a linear expression with respect to θ, and its change is constant and does not cause wrinkles in the packaging material.
[0018]
Regarding the development curve R,
[Equation 28]

Therefore, if the coefficients H and r are determined according to the material and thickness of the packaging material or the size of the bag to be molded, the data can be input as continuous data to the NC processing machine. .
[0019]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the tube portion 1 is bent into a cylindrical shape, and an overlap portion 2 which is slightly overlapped on both sides thereof is formed. As shown in (1), it is formed as a flat portion 3 that can be stretched by a pair of left and right vertical seal heaters facing each other. Naturally, these portions 2 and 3 differ depending on the specification of the seal.
[0020]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the vertical seal portion of the bag has a fin seal type and a wrap seal type as shown in (1) -a and (1) -b in FIG. The seal type is also called a gasoline tension, and it is a type that adheres the inner surfaces of both side edges of the packaging material and folds it to one side, and the wrap seal type is also called an envelope tension, one side of the packaging material The type in which the inner surface of the side edge is bonded to the surface of the other side edge is different in width and position of the joint e.
[0021]
As for the positional classification, there are a standard type and an offset type as shown in (2) -a and (2) -b in FIG. On the other hand, the offset type, when folded to one side, positions either the inner edge f or the outer edge g at the center in the width direction of the bag. It is necessary to change the position in the width direction of the packaging material to be fed into the tube portion 1 depending on whether or not it is used.
[0022]
Furthermore, the standard type and the reverse type shown in (3) -a and (3) -b in the figure as the directional classification are based on the difference in the folding direction after the battling, and this is also the folding type. The position of the side edge differs depending on the direction, and it is necessary to change the width direction position of the packaging material at the time of feeding.
[0023]
Therefore, for the sailor portion 6 and the tube portion 1 to be molded, the width of the overhang portion provided on both sides or one side thereof is determined by designating the shape of the bag, the position of the joint portion, or the folding direction.
[0024]
FIG. 1 shows a state in which a sailor section 6 and a tube section 1 are cut out from a blank material using a numerically controlled carbon dioxide laser cutting machine and based on the method of the present invention.
[0025]
In other words, this numerically controlled cutting machine has a quadratic equation for cutting the development curve R, which forms each joint of the sailor 2 and the tube 3, with a continuous curve, that is,

Is input, and the diameter r of the tube portion 1 and the height H of the expansion curve R in the axis Z direction are input as coefficients according to the size of the bag, the material and thickness of the packaging material.
[0026]
The dimensions of the width 2B, which is twice the width B of the bag, are input to the skirt 8 of the sailor 6 and the tube 4 of the tube 1 in accordance with the size of the bag to be molded. The dimension of the overhang portion W having a width set according to the shape of the bag to be molded or the position or direction of the adhesive portion is added to the side or both sides and input.
[0027]
The laser cutting machine into which the required data has been input in this manner, the direction indicated by the arrow from the corner M of the skirt 8 of the sailor 6 and the corner N of the tube 4 from the tube 1 On the other hand, the cut tube portion 1 is cut in a single stroke, and the cut tube portion 1 is bent into a cylindrical shape, and a slight step is provided in a portion of a development curve R at an upper portion thereof, so that the development curve of the sailor portion 6 is formed. The R portions are brought into contact with each other and integrated by welding to complete the former.
[0028]
FIG. 6 shows an example of molding conditions for a former having an oval tube for molding a large bag.
The radius of each of the arc portions at both ends of the oval shape is r, the distance between the arc portions is L, the height in the tube axis direction Z from the highest point to the lowest point of the ridge line of the tube is H ₁ , Assuming that the axis in the radial direction is Y, a quadratic expression as a development curve to be input to the cutting means is as follows:
[Equation 30]

It becomes.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the development curve of the ridge joint between the sailor portion and the tube portion is a quadratic curve in which the rate of change of the tangent of the ridge joint is constant, the curve is sent to the sailor portion. While sliding the wrapping material on the ridge line, the wrapping material can be smoothly bent along the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion without causing wrinkles or the like on the tube portion.
[0030]
Moreover, based on a quadratic equation multiplied by a coefficient determined by the size of the bag and the material of the packaging material, etc., the development curve section where the sailor section and the tube section are joined to each other is cut off. Continuous data can be input, and the change of the ridgeline where the sailor portion and the tube are joined is kept constant, so that wrinkles on the packaging material can be completely eliminated.
[0031]
Furthermore, the size determined by the shape of the vertical seal portion is added to the size of the bag, and this is input as width direction size data of the sailor portion and the tube. As a result, it is possible to easily and quickly form a compatible former having a required size without any skill.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are views showing a sailor and a tube which are automatically cut on each blank material.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams each showing a basic form of a former.
FIGS. 3A to 3C are a） -η diagram, a ζ-ζ diagram, and an η-ζ diagram showing a ridge line of the tube.
FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) are a 図 -η diagram and a ξ- 接合 diagram showing a joint between a tube and a sailor.
FIG. 5 shows the vertical seal portion of the bag, where (1) -a and (1) b are shapes, (2) -a and (2) -b are positions, (3) -a, (3) -b indicates the direction of each.
FIG. 6 is a ξ-η diagram, a ξ-ζ diagram, and an η-ζ diagram showing conditions for forming a ridge line of the oval former;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the entirety of a former used in the packaging machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 tube 6 sailor R deployment curve

Claims (5)

A former for a packaging machine, wherein a development curve of a ridge joining portion between a sailor portion and a tube portion is formed as a curve in which a tangential change rate of the ridge joining portion is constant. 2. The former according to claim 1, wherein said development curve is a quadratic curve. The expansion curve of the ridge joint between the sailor part and the tube part is a quadratic equation multiplied by a coefficient determined by the size of the bag and the material and thickness of the packaging material. The sailor part and the tube part are cut out from the blank material by a cutting means input as an addition value of the width direction dimension of the and the dimension determined by the shape, position and direction of the vertical seal part, and both of them are bent to form a ridge line. A method for manufacturing a former for a packaging machine, comprising joining and joining together joining portions. Assuming that the radius of the cylindrical tube is r, the height in the tube axis direction 最高 from the highest point to the lowest point of the ridge line of the tube is H, and the axis of the tube in the tangential direction is Y, input to the cutting means. The quadratic equation as a power expansion curve is

The method for manufacturing a former for a packaging machine according to claim 3, wherein The radius of each of the arc portions at both ends of the oval shape is r, the distance between the arc portions is L, the height in the tube axis direction Z from the highest point to the lowest point of the ridge line of the tube is H ₁ , Assuming that the axis in the radial direction is Y, a quadratic expression as a development curve to be input to the cutting means is

The method for manufacturing a former for a packaging machine according to claim 3, wherein

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