JP3493439B2 - Waterproof base material and waterproof base structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterproof base material and a waterproof base structure, and requires drainage such as a flat roof, a floor of a veranda or a balcony, or a car wash or poolside, which can be used as a roof garden. It is used for waterproofing in places where

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a waterproof layer is formed on a rooftop of a building that can be used as a rooftop garden, a balcony, a balcony floor, a car wash or a poolside floor, and a drainage or collection area is formed on the surface. 1/50 to 1 / for water
There is a very gentle water gradient of about 200.

In such a roof or floor, one end is set as the uppermost end on the water side, and a one-way water gradient inclines from the uppermost end side to the other end (one-sided flow type), especially when the area is large. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the central portion is the uppermost end on the water side, and a water gradient that is inclined from this central portion in two directions (gable type) or four directions (parousel type) is provided. .

As a construction method, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0, the slab body 30 is constructed horizontally.
The upper surface forms a sloped surface a that inclines from one end side to the other end side opposite thereto, for example, a plurality of sloped plates 31 as shown in FIG. A flat plate 32 is laid under the slope plate 31 so as to be continuously descending to the side, and the waterproof base 33 is formed by appropriately raising it to form a waterproof base 33, and the asphalt waterproof or sheet waterproof is formed on the waterproof base 33. A waterproof layer is formed by such as.

However, when the waterproof base 33 is of the one-way type or the gable type as described above, a step H is formed on the end side of the waterproof base 33 as shown in FIG. Waterproof base 3 for reasons such as not fitting
The waterproof bases at the end portions of the gable side portion and the girder side portion of 3 were separately formed by filling the mortar 34.

Therefore, there is a problem that the mortar work on site remains, and the mortar work by the plasterer and the curing period are further required. Further, in the case of a waterproof base of a gathering wing type as shown in FIG. 8, the ridge (ridge line portion) 35 and the valley portion (valley line portion) 36 formed by two sloped surfaces intersecting each other 9 (b) or 9 (c) for the valley portion 36, which is formed separately from the gradient plate 31, and for the corner ridge portion 35, it is inclined in two directions as shown in FIG. 9 (d). Since it is necessary to spread the slope plate 37 having the slope surface a (the ridge may be a round shape), not only the type of slope plate increases and the construction becomes complicated, but also the manufacture of the slope plate is complicated in terms of shape. There were problems such as high costs.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and in particular, it is possible to easily form a gradient base of a ridge portion or a valley portion formed by intersecting two gradient base surfaces having different gradient directions. It is an object of the present invention to provide such a waterproof base material and a waterproof base structure.

[0008]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the waterproof base material according to the present invention, as claimed in claim 1, has an upper surface having a downward slope from one side to the other side opposite thereto. A flat, square-shaped sloping plate that forms a sloping surface, a waterproof base material whose upper surface forms a sloping slope from one side toward the opposite vertex, and an upper surface descends from one apex toward the opposite side. And a waterproof base material forming a sloped surface are diagonally divided into two equal parts.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waterproof base structure.
As a top surface, a plurality of flat square slope plates that form a slope surface of a downward slope from one side to the other side opposite thereto are spread, and waterproof base surfaces that incline in mutually different directions are respectively formed, and the two The waterproof underlayer portion of the corner ridge formed by the intersection of the waterproof underlayer surfaces is formed by spreading the waterproof underlayer material of claim 1 in combination.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of flat square slope plates having an upper surface forming a downward slope from one side to the other side opposite thereto are laid down to form waterproof base surfaces inclined in different directions. Further, the waterproof underlayer portion of the valley formed by the intersection of the two waterproof underlayer surfaces is formed by laying the waterproof underlayer material of claim 1 in combination.

[0011]

[0012]

1 and 2 show an example of a waterproof base structure for a flat roof having a flat rectangular shape. In the drawings, a roof-shaped waterproof base, that is, a central portion of the roof is used as a roof waterproof base. Form the uppermost end on the water side, and waterproof ground planes 1 and 2 and waterproof ground planes 3 and 4 are inclined downward from the central portion toward the surrounding eaves in the girder side and the gable side, respectively. Each is formed.

Along with this, the ridge line portion formed by the intersection of the waterproof base surfaces 1 and 2 forms a large ridge portion 5, and the waterproof base surfaces 1 and 3, the waterproof base surfaces 2 and 3, and the waterproof base surface 2 are formed. And 4, and the ridge portions formed by the waterproof base surfaces 1 and 4 intersecting with each other are a corner ridge portion 6, a corner ridge portion 7, a corner ridge portion 8, and a corner ridge portion 9, respectively.

The large ridge portion 5 is horizontally continuous for a certain length in the girder direction, and the corner ridge portions 6, 7, 8 and 9 are respectively large ridge portions 5.
From the end of the main ridge 5 to the girder direction of the large ridge 5 in two directions, each of which is oblique to the direction of the girder, and is inclined downward toward the eaves, and its tip reaches the eaves of the roof.

The girder-side waterproof base surfaces 1 and 2 and the gable side waterproof base surfaces 3 and 4 are both used as waterproof base materials, for example, as shown in FIG.
Square gradient plate 10 and square flat plate 11 as shown in FIG.
It is formed by spreading a plurality of sheets.

The waterproof base parts of the corner ridges 6, 7, 8 and 9 are formed as a waterproof base material by laminating a plurality of triangular gradient plates 12 and square flat plates 11 as shown in FIG. 2 (b), for example. Has been done.

Both the square gradient plate 10 and the square flat plate 11 are formed in a flat square shape having the same size, and in particular, the square gradient plate 1
On the upper surface of 0, one side 10a is opposite to the other side 10a.
A sloping surface a having a downward slope toward the b side is formed over the entire surface.

The triangular gradient plate 12 is formed in a planar triangular shape, and the upper surface of the triangular gradient plate 12 has a downwardly sloping gradient surface a from one apex 12a side to the opposite one side 12b side.
Are formed over the entire surface.

The triangular gradient plate 12 is formed, for example, by dividing the rectangular gradient plate 10 into two equal parts along a diagonal line as shown in FIG. Further, the material of the square gradient plate 10, the square flat plate 11 and the triangular gradient plate 12 is not particularly limited, but a synthetic resin foam such as polystyrene and polyethylene, a molded product mainly made of glass fiber,
Alternatively, since an inorganic foam such as pearlite has a high heat insulating function, heat insulating work can be performed at the same time as the waterproofing base is suitable, which is preferable.

Of the thus formed gradient plate and flat plate,
Square slope plate 10 is a rooftop slab structure 1 constructed horizontally
4, one side 10a side is placed on the water side and the roof is laid in order from the outer peripheral portion toward the center.

Further, the sloping surface a of each square sloping plate 10 is continuous from the center of the roof toward the eaves with a downward slope.
By laying the required number of square flat plates 11 under the square gradient plate 10, the square gradient plate 10 is appropriately raised according to the place. Thus, the waterproof base surfaces 1, 2, 3 and 4 on the girder side and the gable side except the corner ridge portions 6 to 9 are formed, respectively.

At the corner ridges 6, 7, 8 and 9, two slope plates 12 are provided with one apex 12a on the water side and both hypotenuses 12c butted on the corner ridge.
It is spread in order from the eaves of each corner building toward the end of the large building 5.

Further, a rectangular flat plate 11 is provided under the triangular gradient plate 12 so that the gradient surface a of each triangular gradient plate 12 continues downward from the end of the large ridge 5 toward the eaves of each corner ridge. By laying the required number of sheets, the triangular gradient plate 12
Is raised appropriately according to the location. In this way, the waterproof base portions of the corner ridges 6 to 9 are formed.

The square flat plate 11 is simply the square gradient plate 1.
0 and the triangular gradient plate 12 are laid in order to make them bulky, so the shape and size are not particularly limited.

A waterproof layer such as asphalt waterproof or sheet waterproof is formed on the waterproof base surfaces 1, 2, 3 and 4 on the girder side and the wife side and the waterproof base parts of the corner ridges 6 to 9 thus formed. There is.

The waterproof substrate shown in FIGS. 1 (b), 7 (b) and (c), and FIG. 10 is steeper than the actual gradient for easy understanding. . In FIG. 4, since the flat roof has an L-shaped planar shape, the waterproof base surfaces 15 and 16 formed in the same manner as the waterproof base surfaces 1 to 4 described above intersect each other, so that Groove-shaped valley 17 that continues downhill toward the eaves
In such a case, the valley portion 17 is formed by laying a triangular gradient plate 18 and a square flat plate 11 as a waterproof base material, for example, as shown in FIG.

The triangular gradient plate 18 is formed in a planar triangular shape, and in particular, the top 1 facing the side 18a from the side 18a on the upper surface.
A slope surface a having a downward slope toward 8b is formed over the entire surface. The triangular gradient plate 18 is, for example, the gradient plate 1
It is formed by halving 0 along a diagonal line.

Two triangular gradient plates 18 formed in this way are directed from the eaves to the ridge, while one side 18a is located on the water side in the valley portion 17 and both oblique sides 18c are butted against each other at the bottom of the valley. Are spread in order.

In addition, the sloped surface a of each triangular sloped plate 18 continues downwardly toward the eaves of the valley 17,
By laying the required number of rectangular flat plates 11 under the triangular gradient plate 18, the triangular gradient plate 18 is appropriately raised according to the place. Thus, the waterproof base portion of the valley portion 17 is formed, and the waterproof layer such as asphalt waterproof or sheet waterproof is formed thereon.

In FIG. 6, in particular, the waterproof base portion of the large ridge portion 5 which is continuous in a horizontal direction is appropriately combined by using a square flat plate as it is, or by cutting it into a suitable size without using a triangular gradient plate. The figure shows an example in which the sheet is spread so as to be flat over a certain range.

By forming in this way, it is possible to easily construct a waterproof base material between ridges or a portion where a ridge portion and a valley portion intersect intricately, and a square plate as a waterproof base material is cut and processed. It is possible to minimize the amount of residual material generated in step 1, and to eliminate the waste of the waterproof base material.

Although the waterproof underlayer structure for rooftop waterproofing has been described with reference to the drawings, the waterproof underlayer surface of a veranda or balcony, or a waterproof underlayer surface of a car wash or poolside is similarly constructed.

[0033]

As described above, the present invention is as described above. A corner ridge or a valley where two waterproof base surfaces formed by laying a plurality of flat square slope plates as waterproof base materials and inclined in mutually different directions intersect with each other. The waterproof base part of the section is formed by diagonally dividing the square upper surface of the flat square plate, which has a downwardly sloping slope from one side to the other side facing the same, and the upper surface is formed from one side. To the apex facing the apex, the waterproof base material having a downward slope, and the upper surface having a downward slope toward the opposite side from the apex, a plurality of waterproof base materials, the corner ridge and the valley. It can be easily formed by installing them while combining them according to the shape of the parts.

Therefore, there is no need to specially manufacture a dedicated waterproofing base material for the corner ridges and valleys, and a significant cost reduction can be achieved. In addition, the number of types of waterproof base materials is small, and not only can the waterproof base material be formed very efficiently, but it is also possible to use a small number of types of waterproof base materials.
It is possible to easily form a gathering ridge type waterproof base as shown in FIG. 4A or a gathering ridge type waterproof base as shown in FIG.

Further, since the on-site construction can be made completely dry, plastering work and curing at the on-site are unnecessary, and the construction period can be greatly shortened. Furthermore, the waterproof base material in the corner ridge is formed in the shape of a flat triangle whose upper surface forms a downward sloping surface from one side to the apex facing this, and the waterproof base material in the valley portion has one top surface. Since it is formed into a flat triangular shape that forms a downward sloping surface toward one side facing it, the top surface is a flat square that forms a sloping downward surface from one side to the other side facing it. The gradient plate can be easily formed by dividing it into two equal parts. Further, by forming the large ridge portion flat, it is possible to reduce the amount of residual material due to slicing and to significantly reduce the time and labor required for cutting work.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B show a waterproofing base for rooftop waterproofing formed in a gathering structure, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG. 1A.

2A and 2B show a waterproof base material, FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a quadrangular gradient plate and a quadrangular flat plate, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view of a combination of triangular gradient plates and a quadrangular flat plate.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a combination of triangular gradient plates installed in a corner ridge.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a waterproofing base for rooftop waterproofing formed in a pool structure.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a combination of triangular gradient plates installed in a valley.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a rooftop waterproof waterproof base formed in a gathering wing form and a large ridge portion made of a waterproof base material made of a flat plate.

7A and 7B show a conventional roof waterproofing base formed in combination with a mortar base in a gabled type, in which FIG. 7A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line of the wife side.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a conventional waterproof base for rooftop waterproof formed in a gathering structure.

9A is a perspective view showing an example of a gradient plate and a flat plate, FIG.
(B), (c) is a perspective view which shows the conventional example of the gradient plate installed in a valley part, (d) is a perspective view which shows the conventional example of the gradient plate installed in a corner part.

FIG. 10 shows a conventional example of a waterproof base structure, for example, FIG.
It is the ii sectional view taken on the line in (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

a sloped surface 1 waterproof underside 2 waterproof underside 3 waterproof underside 4 waterproof substrate 5 Main building 6 corner ridge 7 corner building 8 corner ridge 9 corner ridge 10 Square slope plate (waterproof base material) 10a side 10b other side 11 Square flat plate (waterproof base material) 12 Triangular Gradient Plate (Waterproof Base Material) 12a One peak 12b side 12c hypotenuse 14 slab body 15 Waterproof base surface 16 Waterproof base surface 17 Tanibe 18 Triangular Gradient Plate (Waterproof Base Material) 18a side 18b vertex 18c hypotenuse

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A planar square slope plate whose upper surface forms a slope surface that slopes downward from one side to the other side opposite to the side,
For a waterproof base material whose upper surface forms a downward sloping surface from one side toward the opposite vertex, and to a waterproof base material whose upper surface forms a downward sloping surface from one vertex toward the opposite side. A waterproof base material, which is formed by dividing the corner into two equal parts. 2. A waterproof underlayer structure of a waterproof layer having a water gradient, wherein a plurality of plane square gradient plates whose upper surfaces form a downwardly sloping gradient surface from one side to the other side opposite to the one side are laid one on top of the other. A waterproof base material which is inclined in different directions is formed respectively, and a waterproof base material of a corner ridge that is formed by the two waterproof base surfaces intersecting each other is combined with the waterproof base material of claim 1. A waterproof underlayer structure characterized by being formed by paving. 3. A waterproof underlayer structure of a waterproof layer having a water gradient, wherein a plurality of plane square gradient plates whose upper surfaces form a downwardly sloping gradient surface from one side to the other side opposite thereto are laid one on top of the other. A waterproof base surface of a trough formed by respectively forming waterproof base surfaces inclined in different directions, and being formed by the intersection of these two waterproof base surfaces is covered while combining a plurality of the waterproof base materials of claim 1. A waterproof base structure characterized by being formed as follows.