JP3278494B2 - How to heat the windings of stationary induction equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stationary induction machine winding comprising a winding body composed of a thin tube heat pipe in which a working liquid made of a non-antifreeze such as water is sealed inside a hollow tubular thin tube container. Regarding the heating method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, power equipment has been increasingly installed in urban areas in response to an increase in power demand in urban areas. Of this type of power equipment, stationary induction equipment installed in buildings and underground malls, especially large equipment such as transformers, are required to be flame-retardant, and therefore, as an insulating medium used in transformers. In addition, conventional combustible mineral oils are being replaced with non-combustible gases and flame-retardant epoxy resins, and furthermore, studies on the application of solid-liquid intermediate materials such as silicone gels have been made.

[0003] However, when these insulating media are employed, the cooling performance is lower than that of a conventional oil-immersed transformer, in which a liquid insulating / cooling medium circulates convectively to cool the equipment body. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures such as lowering the current density of the winding, which tends to increase the size and weight of the device.

On the other hand, downsizing and weight reduction of transformers are top priorities because of the nature of installing transformers in places with high land prices and strict restrictions on transportation in urban areas. There is a strong demand for improvement of the cooling property of the steel.

As a method for solving such problems, many proposals regarding the use of heat pipes have been made, but there are various problems as described below. At present, it can only be put to practical use under specified conditions.

(1) In order to uniformly cool the inside of the winding to a desired temperature, it is necessary to insert a number of heat pipes.
On the other hand, in order to insert a large number of heat pipes without increasing the size of the equipment, it is necessary to reduce the size of the heat pipe. For example, in the case of a heat pipe having an outer diameter of about 3 mm, about 500 mm including a heat radiating section is included. Is the operational limit,
It was difficult to make it longer.

(2) When the above-described heat pipe is used, the heat transfer amount per one wire is about 10 W, and the heat transfer amount sufficient for cooling a large transformer winding is sufficient. It was extremely difficult to obtain.

(3) Further, when inserting the heat pipe into the transformer winding, it is necessary to bend the heat pipe along the winding shape, but this bending greatly reduces the heat transport ability. There was a disadvantage that it would.

(4) When the heat pipe is inserted into the transformer winding, it is necessary to operate the heat pipe in a top heat position depending on the position where the heat pipe is inserted. There was a drawback that it would decrease.

[0010] Recently, a loop-type thin tube heat pipe has been developed as a new type heat pipe which overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional heat pipe, and is used as a cooling means for transformer windings. Kaikai 64-84699
No. "Structure of electromagnetic equipment") has been proposed.

FIG. 34 shows the structure of a loop-type thin tube heat pipe used in the above proposal. That is, the thin tube container 2 in which the working fluid is sealed is formed in a meandering shape, and the heat receiving portion 2-H (heat receiving portion group H) and the heat radiating portion 2-C (heat radiating portion group C).
The working fluid in which the liquid part 4 and the gas part 5 are distributed in the narrow tube container 2 is strongly circulated in a predetermined direction by the circulation direction regulating means 3. And heat transport while repeating evaporation and condensation. According to this loop-type thin-tube heat pipe, not only can the outer diameter be reduced to about 2 mm, but also the length can be lengthened without limitation. Also exhibit heat transfer characteristics that are almost the same as when used in the bottom heat position. When this loop type thin tube heat pipe is applied as a cooling means for a transformer winding, the following configuration has been proposed.

The loop-type thin tube heat pipe is constituted by a loop formed by meandering a thin tube container, and a group of predetermined portions of the turn is mounted as a heat receiving unit group on a predetermined temperature rising portion of a device such as a transformer. As shown in FIG. 35, the mounting state is such that the heat receiving portion 2-H of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe is
36, or the heat receiving portion 2-H of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe itself is used also as a winding conductor, as shown in FIG. Is one of the configurations that form part of the above, or a combination of those configurations. Reference numeral 6 denotes an iron core, and the remaining group of each turn of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe is configured as a heat radiating portion of a predetermined heat radiating structure.

[0013]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, a non-antifreeze liquid (eg, pure water) such as water is used as a working fluid for the loop-type thin tube heat pipe.
When the ambient temperature drops to 0 ° C. or less when the operation is stopped, for example, when transporting a winding of a stationary induction device, there is a problem that the working fluid in the thin tube heat pipe freezes and the thin tube heat pipe is broken. Was. The case where the working fluid freezes in this way is, besides the above-mentioned transportation, a case where the power is not supplied yet while being installed in the substation, or a case where the power supply is stopped for inspection.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a static induction device winding which can prevent the working fluid in the thin tube heat pipe from freezing when the operation is stopped during transportation or the like, and can surely prevent the thin tube heat pipe from being damaged. To provide a heating method.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method for heating a winding of a stationary induction machine according to the present invention is a method of heating a winding body by using a thin tube heat pipe in which a working fluid made of a non-antifreeze such as water is sealed in a hollow tubular thin tube container. For static induction equipment windings comprising
It is characterized in that when the operation is stopped during transportation or the like, the coil body is heated so that the temperature of the thin tube heat pipe does not drop below the freezing temperature of the working fluid by energizing the winding body. In this case, the power supply to energize the winding body may be constituted by a generator, a solar cell, a fuel cell, a lithium battery, a storage battery, or the like.

The winding body is composed of a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe in which a working fluid is sealed in a hollow tubular container, and the working fluid is sealed in a hollow tubular container in a predetermined shape. A predetermined portion of the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe formed in the loop is closely contacted with a predetermined portion of the non-loop-type thin-tube heat pipe to form a heat receiving portion, and the remaining predetermined portion of the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe is used as a loop-type thin-tube heat pipe. For a stationary induction device winding serving as a heat radiating portion of the pipe, by heating the heat radiating portion by a heating means at the time of operation stop during transportation or the like, the temperature of the thin-tube heat pipe falls below the freezing temperature of the working fluid. It is also preferable to heat so as not to decrease.

Further, a winding body is constituted by a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe in which a working fluid is filled in a hollow tubular thin tube container, and a cooling medium is sealed in a predetermined portion of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe. When a predetermined portion of the cooling pipe is brought into close contact with a stationary induction device winding formed by connecting an external heat exchanger and a circulating pump to the remaining predetermined portion of the cooling pipe, the external heat is stopped during operation such as transportation. It is also preferable to heat the exchanger by a heating means so that the temperature of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe does not drop below the freezing temperature of the working fluid.

In this case, in addition to heating the heat radiating section or the external heat exchanger by a heating means, it is also conceivable to heat the winding body by energizing the winding body.
Furthermore, the heating means may be means for generating heat by an exothermic reaction such as oxidation, or may be an electric heater, or may be generated from an engine of a transportation vehicle that transports the static induction device winding. It may be a means for diverting the heat to be applied.

[0019]

According to the above means, when the operation is stopped during transportation or the like,
Heating the winding body by energizing the winding body,
Since the temperature of the thin tube heat pipe is configured not to drop below the freezing temperature of the working fluid composed of non-antifreeze such as water, the ambient temperature may drop to 0 ° C or less when the operation is stopped during transportation or the like. Also, the working fluid in the thin tube heat pipe is prevented from freezing, and the thin tube heat pipe is prevented from being damaged.

A predetermined portion of the loop-shaped thin-tube heat pipe formed into a loop of a predetermined shape by enclosing a working fluid in a hollow tubular thin-tube container while forming the winding body by a non-loop-type thin-tube heat pipe. Along with forming a heat receiving portion in close contact with a predetermined portion of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe,
Heating of the heat radiating portion of the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe during operation stop such as transportation is performed for the stationary induction device winding, in which the remaining predetermined portion of the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe serves as a heat-radiating portion of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe. With a configuration in which heating is performed by heating by means, the working fluid in the thin tube heat pipe can be prevented from freezing, and the thin tube heat pipe can be prevented from being damaged.

Further, while the winding body is constituted by the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe, a predetermined portion of the cooling pipe filled with a cooling medium is brought into close contact with a predetermined portion of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe. With respect to the stationary induction device winding formed by connecting the external heat exchanger and the circulation pump to the remaining predetermined portion, the external heat exchanger may be heated by the heating means at the time of operation stop such as transportation. good. The same effect can be obtained by applying the current to the winding main body in addition to the heating by the heating means.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a transformer will be described with reference to FIGS.
Note that the transformer is generally composed of two windings, a low-voltage winding and a high-voltage winding, but in the following description, a single-winding example will be described as a representative.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a cylindrical winding, and FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the same. These FIGS. 1 and 2
As shown in FIG. 1, a thin tube container 13 formed as a hollow tubular electrically insulated conductor is placed on an insulating tube 10 at a winding start portion 1.
The winding body is formed by winding concentrically from 3a to the winding end portion 13b. In this example, the winding body is composed of a total of five layers from the innermost to the outermost, and each time one layer is wound up, another hollow tubular thin tube container 14 is provided at both ends.
Are attached in close contact with each other, and the end support member 11 is attached to the outside in the axial direction. Such winding layers are sequentially arranged in the fifth
Form up to the layer. A predetermined gap may be provided between the layers by inserting the spacing piece 12 for insulation or improvement of cooling performance.

Then, the winding start portion 13 of the thin tube container 13
a or a predetermined amount of hydraulic fluid from the end 13b of the winding to fill the winding body itself as a non-loop-type thin tube heat pipe 31 and connect an unillustrated lead conductor. Normally, pure water, a fluorinated liquid or the like is used as the working fluid. In this case, since the hydraulic fluid is a non-antifreeze such as water,
When the ambient temperature drops below 0 ° C., it freezes.

On the other hand, the thin tube container 14 is connected to a predetermined heat radiating portion structure (not shown), for example, a hollow tubular thin tube container which is formed in a meandering shape and is disposed outside the transformer container, so as to form a loop. The liquid is sealed to form a loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32.

The cross-sectional shape of the thin tube containers 13 and 14 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), and is a low electric resistance and high thermal conductivity round shape such as copper or aluminum. Alternatively, an insulating layer 17 made of a material having high thermal conductivity is provided on the rectangular hollow conductor 15 or 16. As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c), for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c), a thermally conductive grease or resin 18 is applied to a wedge portion of the joint. I do.

When the surrounding temperature is likely to drop to 0 ° C. or less when the transformer winding having such a structure is transported or the like, the transformer winding needs to be heated. is there. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 1, the output terminals 61a and 61b of the external power supply 61 are connected to the thin tube container 1
3 is connected to the winding start portion 13a and the winding end portion 13b to energize the thin tube container 13, that is, the winding main body, so that the temperature of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 and the loop type thin tube heat pipe 32 is increased. Heat so that it does not drop below the freezing temperature. Thereby, the thin tube heat pipe 3
Since the temperature of the working fluid in 1 and 32 does not drop below the freezing temperature, it is possible to reliably prevent the working fluid from freezing and breaking the thin tube heat pipes 31 and 32.

In this case, the external power supply 61 may be any of a DC power supply and an AC power supply (sine wave or distorted wave), or may be a DC power supply with an AC superimposed thereon. When an AC power supply is used, the frequency is preferably about several tens Hz, and the applied voltage is preferably about several tens V or 100V.
Specifically, for example, it is assumed that when a transformer having a capacity of 1500 KVA is heated, a 100 ° C. rise design is performed on a class H insulated winding at a load factor of 100%. In this case, although it depends on the leakage impedance value, to generate heat of about 15 ° C., about 20 A is required when 100 V AC voltage is supplied, and 2 KVA per winding of the transformer is required.
Power supply is required. Therefore, when transporting the transformer by truck or the like, it is necessary to mount a generator (small generator with engine) having a power generation capacity of 2 KVA on the truck. The engine of the small generator with an engine uses fuel such as gasoline or light oil. When the windings are three-phase (three circuits), it is necessary to use a generator having a power generation capacity of 6 KVA. In this case, if there is only a single-phase generator, the power may be switched and supplied to the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase every predetermined time, for example, every 30 minutes.

The temperature of the surface of the winding body is measured by a radiation thermometer or a contact surface thermometer. In this case, the winding may be automatically turned off and on so that the detected temperature is maintained within the set temperature range based on the temperature detection signal output from the thermometer. With this configuration,
It is possible to heat the windings unattended, and when the transformer installed in the substation is not energized yet, the temperature of the transformer will be reduced to below the freezing temperature of the working fluid even when unattended at night. Can be reliably prevented.

By the way, there are the following two conditions for effectively operating the loop-type thin tube heat pipe of the conventional configuration (see FIGS. 35 and 36).

(A) It is necessary to distribute the heat receiving portion and the heat radiating portion at an appropriate ratio in the loop-type thin tube heat pipe with respect to a desired heat transport amount.

(B) The circulating direction regulating means (valve element) 3 is required for the loop type thin tube heat pipe.

That is, in any of the configurations shown in FIGS. 35 and 36, if one heat receiving portion 2-H becomes too long, the portion does not operate normally and overheats. Therefore, as the capacity of the winding increases, the number of heat radiating portions to be extracted from the middle of the winding increases. Therefore, when a method of manufacturing a winding in which a conductor is continuously wound by rotating a winding core, which is generally performed, there is a problem that the manufacturing efficiency is significantly reduced. Also, it is necessary to mount a plurality of valve elements 3 in one loop,
In this case, the work is interrupted for the attachment of the dies, and therefore, the production efficiency is reduced in the same manner as described above.

On the other hand, in a seminar entitled “Recent heat pipe application technology” held in '91 -3-15, a new “loop-type thin tube heat pipe without a valve element” and a “non- Loop-type thin tube heat pipe "is introduced. Here, the "loop-type thin-tube heat pipe without using a valve element" has a structure as shown in FIG. 37, and transports heat by axial vibration of the working fluid and gentle circulation flow. Since this loop-type thin tube heat pipe does not have a circulation direction regulating means (valve element), it basically becomes difficult to operate in the top heat posture.

As shown in FIG. 38, the "non-loop-type thin tube heat pipe" is a device in which a working fluid is sealed inside a thin tube container 2 and both ends are sealed off. Are formed as a heat receiving section group H and the other loop group is formed as a heat radiating section group C. And FIG.
As shown in (1), heat is transported in the direction of arrow 9 only by the axial vibration (arrow 8) of the working fluid generated by evaporation / condensation due to nucleate boiling 7 of the working fluid. This non-loop type thin tube heat pipe has a structure in which only an appropriate amount of the working fluid is sealed in the thin tube container 2 and has no connection portion for forming a loop. , Heat transfer ability is inferior.

As described above, the "loop-type thin-tube heat pipe without using a valve element" and the "non-loop-type thin-tube heat pipe"
Are inferior in characteristics to the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe with a valve body, and do not solve the problem described in (A) above.

On the other hand, according to the first embodiment described above, since the thin tube container 13 constituting the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 is used in forming the winding main body, a normal winding body is formed. The winding operation can be performed in the same manner as the winding conductor, there is no need to form a loop in the thin tube container 13, and it is not necessary to draw out the conductor from the middle of the winding body to form the heat radiating portion. Since there is no need to attach a valve body, it is possible to maintain the same production efficiency as in the conventional winding process. Moreover, there is no problem in insulation between the winding of the thin tube container 13 due to the presence of the insulating layer 17.

On the other hand, in the thin tube container 13 of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 constituting the winding main body, it is necessary to disperse the heat radiating portions appropriately, and these heat radiating portions are separately manufactured. Since the thin tube containers 14 of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 are closely mounted, they can be dispersedly provided. The closely attached portion serves as a heat receiving portion of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 at the same time.

Therefore, the heat generated in the winding main body by the energization is first caused by the operation of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31, that is, the axial vibration of the working fluid sealed in the thin tube container 13, and the heat radiating portion (loop type thin tube). It is transported toward the heat receiving portion of the heat pipe 32). And the thin tube container 1
Since the heat-conductive grease or resin is applied to and adhered to the joints, heat conduction is minimized at the joints and heat conduction is achieved. , That is, the hydraulic fluid enclosed in the capillary tube container 14 is transported to the outside of the winding body by the axial vibration and the circulating flow, and is radiated to the outside through a predetermined radiator.

As described above, since the cooling system directly collects heat from the winding body and dissipates heat from the heat collecting portion to the outside, excellent cooling performance can be obtained even when gas insulation or solid insulation is applied. Can be In addition, heat can be dissipated directly to the outside via a heat pipe with extremely low thermal resistance, and since the winding body itself is made up of a heat pipe, the internal temperature distribution can be made uniform compared to conventional windings. The winding body can be made small and lightweight.

In the above embodiment, the thin-tube container 14 constituting the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe 32 is set to the ground potential for connection to the external heat-radiating portion, whereas the non-loop-type thin-tube heat pipe constituting the winding body is set. Since the thin tube container 13 of the pipe 31 has a potential corresponding to the winding conductor, the voltage distribution of the closely mounted portions of both becomes large. Therefore, when applied to high-voltage equipment, a round or square hollow pipe made of an insulator having excellent thermal conductivity, desirably flexible, for example, a highly airtight resin or the like is partially or Use it for all.

Next, as a method of heating the winding body, a method which is an alternative to the above-described energization method will be described. For example, when transporting a transformer by truck, the winding body can be heated using heat (exhausted heat) generated from the engine of the truck. Specifically, the configuration may be such that the warm air heated by the engine is guided to the cargo bed and hits the transformer. In this case, when the hot air is applied to the heat radiating portion of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 of the windings and the heat radiating portion is heated, the applied heat is generated by the working fluid in the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 by the loop liquid. It is transmitted to the heat receiving part of the thin tube heat pipe 32,
The heat is transferred from the heat receiving section to the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31. Thereby, even if the ambient temperature of the transformer drops to 0 ° C. or less, the temperature of the working fluid in the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 and the loop type thin tube heat pipe 32 does not drop below the freezing temperature, and the operation is stopped. The liquid will not freeze.

As described above, when the heat radiating portion of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 is heated by warm air, if the output of this heating is small, in addition to the heating, the winding body is energized. May be configured. In this case, a generator having a small power generation capacity (capacity) can be used as a power generator for supplying power to the winding body. In addition, as a power source, a solar cell, a fuel cell,
A configuration using a lithium battery or a storage battery may be employed.

In the above configuration, the exhaust gas (gas containing an active gas such as CO, NOx, and SOx) in the warm air is used.
Must be prevented from mixing. This is to prevent the metal and insulator constituting the transformer from deteriorating.

Further, instead of heating the heat radiating portion of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 with warm air, it may be heated by other heating means. Specifically, heating may be performed using a so-called disposable hand warmer, that is, a material in which iron powder, moisture, wood powder, activated carbon, and salts are mixed in a vinyl bag. In this case, by opening the bag, air is put into the bag to oxidize the contaminants, and the heat generated by the exothermic reaction heats the heat radiating portion of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32. At this time, it is preferable to attach and fix the bag in close contact with the heat radiating portion of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32.

Further, as the heating means, an electric heater such as a space heater may be used in place of the disposable hand warmer. In this case, the space heater may be energized by an external power supply. .

When the winding main body is heated as described above (when the operation is stopped during transportation or the like), the entirety of the transformer is covered with a heat insulating material to keep the heat, so that the thin tube heat pipes 31 and 32 are heated.
It is desirable to prevent the temperature of the working fluid in the inside from lowering as much as possible. By keeping the temperature in this manner, the amount of heat for heating the winding body can be saved, and the freezing of the working fluid can be prevented more reliably.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the thin tube container 14 constituting the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 is closely mounted on each layer or the innermost and outermost surfaces of the winding body. It was done. According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a configuration in which a heat radiating portion exists in each turn of the thin tube container 13 of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 forming the winding body, so that the temperature distribution inside the winding body is more uniform. Can be achieved. FIG.
And in FIG. 6, by increasing the number of the thin-tube containers 14 of the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe 32 inserted between the layers,
The heat radiation amount can be set arbitrarily. The configuration other than the above is the same as that of the first embodiment.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. In the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a winding formed by stacking a predetermined number of disk-shaped winding units in a vertical direction with a spacing piece 20 interposed therebetween. In the above, the thin-tube container 14 constituting the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe 32 at the outermost periphery of each layer
Are closely attached. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

According to such a configuration, since the thin tube container 14 can be mounted in a completely independent manner after the formation of the winding main body, the assembling property is excellent, and the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 constituting the winding main body is further improved. Since the heat radiating portion can be provided for each turn of the small tube container 13, the temperature distribution inside the winding main body can be made more uniform. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the thin tube container 14 is mounted at one position in two layers, but can be mounted at an arbitrary ratio according to design conditions.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, at a predetermined position between the layers of the disk-shaped winding unit, the narrow tube container 14 which also constitutes the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32 as the spacing piece 20 is formed. Is closely attached. The other configuration is the same as the configuration of the third embodiment.

According to the fourth embodiment having such a structure,
Since the heat radiating portion can be provided for every smaller number of turns of the thin tube container 13 of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 constituting the winding body, the temperature distribution inside the winding body can be made more uniform. Further, the amount of heat radiation can be arbitrarily set by increasing the number of places where the thin tube container 14 is mounted between the layers.

It is to be noted that a forced circulation cooling system may be employed in place of the loop type thin tube heat pipe 32 in each of the above embodiments. That is, the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32
A metal or insulating cooling pipe in which a cooling medium such as pure water or a fluorinated liquid is sealed is used in place of the thin tube container 14 which constitutes the above. The forced-circulation pump communicates with the heat exchanger disposed outside the transformer to the remaining predetermined portion in close contact with the thin-tube container 13. The heat of the winding body composed of the pipe 31 can be smoothly radiated to the outside. In the case of this configuration, as a method of heating the winding main body when the operation is stopped during transportation or the like, in the case of the method of heating by the heating means, the heat exchanger of the cooling pipe is configured to be heated by the heating means. Is preferred.

FIGS. 11 to 15 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 11 to FIG. 13, a plurality of, for example, two hydraulic fluid sealing paths 42, 4
2 are provided substantially in parallel. Each hydraulic fluid filling path 42,
A predetermined amount of a working fluid, such as pure water or a fluorinated liquid, is sealed in the inside. And the thin tube container 41
The insulating layer 17 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow conductor 16 having the two working fluid sealing paths 42, 42.

Further, a cooling pipe 43 is provided in place of the thin tube container 14 of the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 32. This cooling pipe 43 needs to be connected to a predetermined external heat exchanger (not shown), and usually has a ground potential, so it is necessary to consider insulation. Cooling pipe 4
3 has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 14 and needs to be made of a material having good thermal conductivity and flexibility. In this case, the insulating material 3 is formed of a highly airtight resin 44. Is used for some or all of the pipes.

An external heat exchanger and a refrigerant circulation pump (not shown) are connected to the cooling pipe 43 so as to form a loop. In this case, the cooling pipe 43
Is configured as a heat receiving section of the refrigerant circulation heat exchanger system. As the circulating refrigerant enclosed in the loop, that is, in the cooling pipe 43, an insulating liquid such as pure water or a fluorinated liquid is used. If such an insulating liquid is used, even if the refrigerant leaks, there will be no trouble in insulating the windings.

When the thin tube container 41 and the cooling pipe 43 of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 are closely mounted, as shown in FIG. 15, grease or resin 18 having good heat conductivity is applied to the joint surface between them. It is desirable to adopt a configuration for applying. The configuration other than the above is the first configuration.
The configuration is the same as that of the embodiment.

According to the configuration of the fifth embodiment, substantially the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In particular, in the fifth embodiment, since the two working fluid filling paths 42 are provided in the small tube container 41, the heat transport capacity of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe 31 is limited to only one working liquid filling path. It is almost twice as large as the one without. Therefore, since the heat transport capability is increased, the current density in the winding can be increased accordingly. As a result, if the rating is the same, a conductor having a smaller cross-sectional area can be used, and the winding configuration can be reduced accordingly.

In the fifth embodiment, the thin tube container 41
When two hydraulic fluid charging paths 42 are provided in
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured as shown in FIG. 16 or FIG.
Also, three or more hydraulic fluid filling paths 4 are provided in the thin tube container 41.
2 may be provided as shown in FIG. 18 or FIG.
In this case, the heat transport capacity of the thin tube container 41 increases by the number of times of the working fluid sealing passage 42.

Here, since the size of the cross-sectional area of one working fluid filling passage 42 has almost no effect on the heat transport capacity, the working fluid filling passage 4 is required to reduce the outer diameter of the conductor.
It is preferable to set the cross-sectional area B per one of 2 so as to meet the condition of the following equation.

B <A / (n-1) where A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor including the working fluid filling passage, and n is the number of working fluid filling passages. The sectional shape of the cooling pipe 43 is shown in FIG. Such a circular shape may be used. In this case, when the cooling pipe 43 having a circular cross section and the thin tube container 41 having a rectangular cross section are closely mounted, as shown in FIG.
The bonding surface on the third side is slightly deformed so as to be in close contact with the resin 18.

When the thin tube containers 41 having a circular cross section are closely attached to each other, as shown in FIG. 22, they are brought into contact with each other and the resin
It is to be adhered so as to be filled with 8.

FIGS. 23 and 24 show a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. FIG. 23 and FIG.
As shown in (2), the two working fluid filling passages 45 instead of the two working fluid filling passages 42 are formed in a spiral shape that does not intersect, and each is a “non-loop type thin tube heat pipe”.

When a plurality of hydraulic fluid charging passages are provided in parallel with each other, a temperature gradient is provided between the hydraulic fluid charging passage and a portion separated therefrom (a portion indicated by a symbol A in FIG. 23). Occurs. This temperature gradient increases as the cross-sectional area of the capillary tube container 41 increases and as the number of hydraulic fluid charging paths decreases, pushing up the highest point temperature of the winding.

On the other hand, in the sixth embodiment, 2
Since the individual working fluid enclosing passages 45 are formed in a spiral shape that does not intersect, the position distribution of the working fluid enclosing passage 45 inside the thin tube container 41 becomes uniform, and the temperature gradient inside the thin tube container 41 can be reduced. Therefore, the capillary container 4
1, that is, the amount of heat collected by the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe is increased, so that more efficient heat transport can be performed. The configuration other than the above is the same as that of the fifth embodiment.

FIGS. 25 to 27 show a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. FIG. 25 and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, inside the thin tube container 41, two hydraulic fluid filling paths 46 are provided in parallel, and both ends (end of winding and end of winding) of the end of the thin tube container 41 are provided. Is provided with a groove 47 for connecting the two hydraulic fluid charging paths 46 to communicate with each other. Other configurations are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 27, after closing the groove 47 at one end of the thin tube container 41 with the lid member 48 and brazing 49, the working fluid is injected into the working fluid filling passage 46, Further, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 27, the groove 47 at the other end of the thin tube container 41 is sealed with a cover member 48 and brazing 49, and the working fluid is sealed. Thereby, the two hydraulic fluid filling paths 46 are connected at both ends, and both hydraulic fluids can exchange with each other.
A plurality of loop-shaped hydraulic fluid charging paths are configured. In this case, the thin tube container 41 forms a loop-type thin tube heat pipe 50 that does not use a valve element. According to the loop-type thin tube heat pipe 50, heat is transported by a gentle circulation flow in addition to the axial vibration of the working fluid, so that the heat transport capability can be further improved.

FIGS. 28 to 30 show an eighth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the seventh embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. As shown in FIGS. 28 to 30, four working fluid filling paths 51 are provided in parallel inside the thin tube container 41, and both ends (a winding start portion and a winding end portion) of the thin tube container 41. Are provided with two grooves 52 for connecting two of the four working fluid filling paths 51 to each other to communicate with each other. In this case, FIG. 29 shows the left end face in FIG. 28, and FIG. 30 shows the right end face in FIG.

In the eighth embodiment, by connecting two of the four hydraulic fluid sealing paths 51 to each other and communicating with each other, two loop-shaped hydraulic fluid sealing paths are formed. I have. In this case, each of the two loop-shaped working fluid sealing paths forms a loop-type thin tube heat pipe that does not use a valve element. According to the seventh embodiment, since two loop-shaped working fluid sealing paths are formed in the narrow tube container 41, the heat transport capacity can be further improved. The configuration other than the above is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

FIGS. 31 to 33 show a ninth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the eighth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be described. As shown in FIG. 31 to FIG. 33, four hydraulic fluid charging paths 51 are provided in parallel inside the thin tube container 41. And
As shown in FIG. 32, four working fluid charging paths 51 are provided at one end (left side in FIG. 31) of the thin tube container 41.
32, two grooves 53 are provided to connect the two on the left side and the two on the right side with each other to communicate with each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 33, two of the four working fluid sealing paths 51 on the upper side and the lower side of FIG. Are connected to each other to provide communication.

Thus, in the ninth embodiment, one long loop-shaped hydraulic fluid charging path is formed by connecting the four hydraulic fluid charging paths 51 continuously to one loop. It has a configuration. In this case, the one long loop-shaped working fluid filling path constitutes a loop-type thin tube heat pipe that does not use a valve element. Therefore, also in the ninth embodiment, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as in the eighth embodiment. The configuration other than the above is the same as that of the eighth embodiment.

[0072]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, when the operation is stopped during transportation or the like, the winding main body is heated by energizing the winding main body to reduce the temperature of the thin tube heat pipe. Since it is configured not to drop below the freezing temperature of the working fluid composed of non-antifreeze liquid such as water, even when the ambient temperature may drop to 0 ° C or less during operation stop such as transportation,
It is possible to prevent the working fluid in the thin tube heat pipe from freezing, and it is possible to reliably prevent breakage of the thin tube heat pipe.

In this case, the winding body is constituted by the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe, and the heat from the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe is radiated through the loop type thin tube heat pipe. If the heat radiating section is heated by heating by the heating means, the working fluid in the thin tube heat pipe can be prevented from freezing, and the thin tube heat pipe can be prevented from being damaged. In this configuration, the heat can be efficiently radiated by utilizing the characteristics of the thin tube heat pipe without impairing the winding workability, and the size and weight can be reduced. Further, in the case of a configuration in which heat from the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe is radiated through a cooling pipe of a forced circulation cooling system, an external heat exchanger provided in the cooling pipe may be heated by heating means. In addition, the working fluid in the thin tube heat pipe can be prevented from freezing, and the thin tube heat pipe can be prevented from being damaged.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall configuration of a cylindrical winding showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a cylindrical winding.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of a thin tube container.

4 (a) to 4 (c) are cross-sectional views showing a state in which a thin tube container of a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe and a thin tube container of a loop type thin tube heat pipe are closely mounted.

FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2;

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a thin tube container.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a cooling pipe.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a tightly mounted state of a thin tube container and a cooling pipe of a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a different capillary container.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a different capillary container.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a different capillary container.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a different capillary container.

FIG. 20 is a sectional view of a different cooling pipe.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a thin-tube container of a non-loop type thin-tube heat pipe is closely attached to a different cooling pipe;

FIG. 22 is a sectional view showing a state in which two thin tube containers of a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe are closely mounted.

FIG. 23 is a front view of an end portion of a thin tube container showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a partial side view of a thin tube container.

FIG. 25 is a partial longitudinal sectional side view of a thin tube container showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a front view of the end of the thin tube container.

FIG. 27 is a partial longitudinal sectional side view of a thin tube container with a groove closed.

FIG. 28 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a thin tube container showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a front view of one end of a thin tube container.

FIG. 30 is a front view of the other end of the thin tube container.

FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a thin tube container showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a front view of one end of the thin tube container.

FIG. 33 is a front view of the other end of the thin tube container.

FIG. 34 shows a conventional configuration, and is a diagram conceptually showing a configuration of a loop-type thin tube heat pipe with a valve element.

FIG. 35 is a sectional view showing a cooling structure of a transformer winding using a thin tube heat pipe.

FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view showing a cooling structure of another transformer winding using a thin tube heat pipe.

FIG. 37 is a diagram conceptually showing a configuration of a loop-type thin tube heat pipe without a check valve.

FIG. 38 is a view conceptually showing a configuration of a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe.

FIG. 39 is a view conceptually showing an operation state of a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 is an insulating tube, 13 is a thin tube container, 14 is a thin tube container, 31 is a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe, 32 is a loop type thin tube heat pipe, 41 is a thin tube container, 42 is a working fluid sealing path, 43 is a cooling pipe, 44 Is resin, 45, 46
Is a working fluid filling passage, 50 is a loop type thin tube heat pipe, 5
Reference numeral 1 denotes a working fluid filling path, and 61 denotes an external power supply.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-64-84699 (JP, A) JP-A-63-23566 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01F 27/28

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stationary induction machine winding comprising a winding main body formed by a thin tube heat pipe in which a working fluid made of a non-antifreeze such as water is sealed inside a hollow tubular thin tube container. When the operation is stopped, a current is applied to the winding main body to heat the thin tube heat pipe so that the temperature does not drop below the freezing temperature of the working fluid. . 2. A power supply for energizing the winding body, generators, solar cells, fuel cells, stationary induction apparatus winding according to claim 1, characterized in that it is composed of a lithium battery or accumulator, etc. Heating method. 3. A winding body comprising a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe in which a working fluid is sealed inside a hollow tubular thin tube container, and said working fluid is sealed inside a hollow tubular thin tube container in a predetermined shape. A predetermined portion of the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe formed in the loop is closely contacted with a predetermined portion of the non-loop-type thin-tube heat pipe to constitute a heat receiving portion, and the remaining predetermined portion of the loop-type thin-tube heat pipe is used as a loop-type thin tube heat pipe Heating the heat radiating portion by a heating means and energizing the winding main body when the operation of the stationary induction device winding serving as the heat radiating portion of the pipe is stopped during transportation or the like.
And heating the capillary heat pipe so that the temperature does not drop below the freezing temperature of the working fluid. 4. A winding body is constituted by a non-loop type thin tube heat pipe in which a working fluid is sealed in a hollow tubular small tube container, and a cooling medium is sealed in a predetermined portion of the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe. A predetermined portion of the cooling pipe is brought into close contact with the stationary induction device winding, which is formed by connecting an external heat exchanger and a circulating pump to the remaining predetermined portion of the cooling pipe. In addition to heating the exchanger by heating means , the winding body is energized.
And heating the non-loop type thin tube heat pipe so that the temperature does not drop below the freezing temperature of the working fluid.