JP3255093B2 - 3D image reconstruction device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus, which is suitable, for example, for reproducing and observing a stopped and moving three-dimensional image in a three-dimensional space.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various methods have been proposed for reproducing and observing a three-dimensional object (three-dimensional object) three-dimensionally. For example, a method of causing an observer to perform stereoscopic vision using binocular parallax (a polarized glasses method, a lenticular method, or the like) is widely used. In this method, an inconsistency occurs between the stereoscopic recognition by the accommodation function of the eyes and the stereoscopic recognition by the binocular parallax, so that the observer often feels tired or uncomfortable. Therefore, many methods have been proposed for reproducing a three-dimensional image that satisfies all of the three-dimensional eye recognition functions without relying only on such binocular parallax.

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 64-84793 discloses a real-time hologram reproducing apparatus using a liquid crystal dot matrix display element as a method for reproducing a three-dimensional object using holography technology.

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus proposed in the publication. In the figure, microprocessor 2
0-1 and the video controller 20-2 generate an interference fringe pattern enabling a desired stereoscopic image reproduction, and the driver circuit 20-3 transfers the interference fringe pattern onto the liquid crystal dot matrix element 20-4. It is drawn as a pattern.

This is irradiated with a laser beam generated from a laser light emitting circuit 20-5, observed from a direction A, and a three-dimensional image displayed on a liquid crystal dot matrix element 20-4 is observed. Further, the liquid crystal dot matrix element 20-4
The three-dimensional moving image is observed by dynamically changing the interference fringe pattern drawn on the top.

[0006]

The real-time hologram reproducing apparatus as the three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 28 has the following problems.

First, the resolution of a liquid crystal dot matrix element as a spatial modulation element for displaying an interference fringe pattern is as follows.
The resolution is considerably lower than the resolution of a conventional photosensitive material such as a film, and the diffraction angle of the reproduction light cannot be so large. Therefore, the observation area of the reproduced image becomes narrow.

[0008] Second, the effective area of a spatial modulation element capable of forming a fine interference fringe pattern, such as that used in a real-time hologram reproducing apparatus, cannot generally be so large. Therefore, the size of the reproduced image is limited.

Third, the spatial light modulator capable of forming a fine interference fringe pattern, such as that used in a real-time hologram reproducing apparatus, has a very low diffracted light utilization efficiency in general.

Fourth, the amount of information of the interference fringe pattern displayed on the spatial modulation element is enormous, and the processing capability of the system for calculating and processing the interference fringe pattern cannot keep up.

According to the present invention, a predetermined three-dimensional image has a wide observation area in a three-dimensional space, a large three-dimensional image can be quickly and accurately reproduced, and a three-dimensional image can be favorably observed. It is intended to provide a three-dimensional image reproducing device.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus comprising: a light source array in which a plurality of light source units for emitting unidirectional light rays are arranged; Light emitting direction control means for emitting light rays independently in an arbitrary direction; and the plurality of light emitting direction control means such that a set of light rays from the light emitting direction control means passes through a predetermined point in a three-dimensional space within a predetermined unit time. A light source array control unit for controlling a light emitting state of the light source unit, and a reproduction of the three-dimensional image of the predetermined point is performed using these units, and the three-dimensional image of the predetermined point is displayed at the observation position. When observing at the observation position, the distance between the two light beams closest to the observation position is set to be smaller than the pupil diameter of the observer.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus in which a plurality of light source sections for emitting unidirectional light rays are arranged, and light beams from the plurality of light source sections of the light source row are independently arbitrarily selected. Light emission direction control means for emitting light in the direction, and a light emission state of the plurality of light source units such that a set of light rays from the light emission direction control means passes through a predetermined point in a three-dimensional space within a predetermined unit time. A light source array control means for controlling the light source array, and using these means, reproduces a three-dimensional image of the predetermined point. When observing the three-dimensional image of the predetermined point at an observation position, The distance between the two closest rays incident on the observation position is 2
mm or less.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the predetermined unit time is shorter than a permissible afterimage time of a viewer.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first, second or third aspect of the invention, the predetermined unit time is within a range of 1/30 to 1/60 seconds.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the light emitting direction control means has a vibrating microlens array.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the emission direction of the light beam emitted from the light beam emission direction control means is controlled by relative vibration between the light source array and the light beam emission direction control means. It is characterized by having.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sixth aspect of the invention, the relative vibration between the light source array and the light emitting direction control means is a zigzag motion.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the light source unit has a light emitting unit and a collimator lens for condensing light rays from the light emitting unit and emitting the light as parallel light. It is characterized by.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the first or the second aspect of the present invention, a telecentric system is provided on the light emitting side of the light source array for emitting principal rays from a plurality of light source sections of the light source array as substantially parallel light. It is characterized by having.

According to a tenth aspect, in the fifth aspect, the microlens array has a cross section in a thickness direction formed of a continuous waveform.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the first or the second aspect of the present invention, the light emitting state of the light source section in a predetermined area among the plurality of light source sections in the light source array is controlled and viewed from the observation position. It is characterized in that directivity is given to light rays from the predetermined point.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, when one light beam from the light source passes through a plurality of points on a reproduced image in the three-dimensional space, observation is performed from the observation position. The method is characterized in that hidden surface processing of the reproduced image is performed so that a predetermined point in the three-dimensional space is a point farthest from the light emitting direction control means among the plurality of points.

A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, a refraction member is provided on the light incident side or the light emitting side of the light emitting direction control means.

[0025]

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main part of a three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a light source row having a plurality of light source sections 1a that emit unidirectional light rays, and is composed of, for example, an LED light source row with a microlens and a visible range laser diode row.

The light sources 1a are independently arranged on a two-dimensional plane, and the light emitted from the light sources 1a is parallel light or a micro beam light control means having a unidirectionality equivalent thereto. Numeral 2 denotes a light emitting direction control means, which has a function of independently deflecting all the light beams having a small diameter radiated from each light source unit 1a of the light source array 1 in an arbitrary direction at an extremely high speed.

All light beams emitted from the light source array 1 are incident on the light emission direction control means 2. Each light source section 1a of the light source row 1 is two-dimensionally arranged, and each light source section 1a
Are independently driven, the light beam intensity at the intersection where an arbitrary light beam intersects with the light emission direction control means 2 if the light emission direction control means 2 is taken as a coordinate axis with the XY plane as shown in the figure, is ψ (x, y). , 0).

The emission direction of the light beam deflected by the light beam emission direction control means 2 changes at a very short period T, and the direction vector u = ｛u (t), v ( t), w (t)}.

Next, a method of reproducing an arbitrary point image P in a three-dimensional space by the above configuration will be described. Assuming that the position of the point image P is (α, β, γ), an arbitrary point T ₁ (x, y, 0) on the light beam emission direction control means 2 is emitted, and the point P
The direction vector of a ray passing through can be expressed as v = (α-x, β-y, γ). At the time t when the vector u in the emission direction of the light beam deflected by the light emission direction control means 2 becomes u = s · v (s is a rational number), a point T ₁ (x , y,
0) can be generated by emitting a light beam passing through the light source array 1.

The detection of the time t is performed by the light emitting direction detecting means 3 for detecting the state of the light emitting direction controlling means 2, and the lighting of the light source array 1 (light emitting state) is performed according to a signal from the light emitting direction detecting means 3. This is performed by the light source array control means 4. Such an operation is performed within the light beam deflection period T of the light beam emission direction control means 2.
This is performed over the entire range of the Y plane.

The light emitting direction detecting means 3 and the light source array control means 4 constitute one element of a control means for performing various vibration controls. The beam deflection period T is made smaller than the permissible image persistence time of the human eye (about 1/30 to 1/60 second), so that a person who observes a set of light beams passing through the point P at a position farther than the point P can be observed. It is recognized that all of these light rays are generated at the same time, and it is recognized as if a divergent luminous flux diverges from the point P, whereby the point image P floating in space is three-dimensionally recognized. I try to observe it.

However, in order for the point image P to be recognized as a three-dimensional image, the individual beam diameters for reproducing the point image P and the arrangement pitch of the light source units 1a of the light source array 1 must satisfy certain conditions. No.

According to the principle of the three-dimensional image reproduction of the present invention, the reproduced point images are all represented as intersections of a plurality of light beams. Therefore, in order to recognize this, it is necessary that at least two beams enter the pupil of the observer.
Since the pupil diameter of the human eye is about 2 mm to 7 mm, first, the beam diameter is smaller than the pupil diameter, preferably smaller than 2 mm.

In order for at least two beams to enter the pupil of the observer, the distance between adjacent beams must be small to some extent. Considering this geometrically, it is necessary to consider the positional relationship as shown in FIG. That is, the distance between the adjacent beams 1b on the XY plane is Δ, the distance from the XY plane to the point image P is L1, and the point image P
Assuming that the distance from to the pupil position HT of the observer is L2, the distance p between the beams 1b at the pupil position HT of the observer is expressed as p = L1 / Δ * L2, and if the distance p between the beams is within 2 mm Then, two or more beams enter the pupil of the observer.

The observer sets the reproduced image at the point P shown in FIG. 1 so that these conditions are satisfied in the entire range of the XY plane, all reproduced point images, and all assumed observer observation positions. It can be recognized as a three-dimensional image. Next, the above-mentioned point image reproducing method will be described more specifically (for simplicity, only the light deflection in the horizontal direction will be considered). FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main part of the three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

A light source array 1 that emits a unidirectional light beam includes:
A parallel light beam that is always perpendicular to the light beam emission direction control means 2 (XY plane) is emitted. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the light source array 1 that emits such unidirectional light rays. In the figure, 5 is L
It is a light emitting portion of a minute light emitting element such as an ED, a laser diode, and an EL element. Reference numeral 6 denotes a collimator lens (condensing lens) arranged on the front of the light emitting unit 5 and has an operation of converting and shaping light emitted from the light emitting unit 5 into a parallel beam. The light source unit 1a is configured by combining a light emitting unit 5 and a collimator lens 6. The light source array 1 is composed of a two-dimensional array of light source units 1a that emit parallel rays.

On the other hand, the light emitting direction control means 2 is a light source train 1
Are deflected at high speed repeatedly at a small period T.

FIG. 5 shows such a light emitting direction control means 2.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of FIG. In the figure, 7 is a micro lens array. The size of each micro lens 7a is sufficiently larger than the diameter of each beam emitted from the light source unit 1a. The microlens array 7 is vibrated at a very high speed by a high-frequency vibrating means 8 composed of a piezo element, a voice coil motor or the like. The amplitude of the micro lens array 7 is equal to the size m of one micro lens 7a.

At a certain time, the micro lens array 7
Is located at the position indicated by the solid line in the figure, the parallel beam emitted from the light emitting point X1 of the light source unit 1a is a micro lens 7a
Is deflected in the direction a at the point X2. However, when the microlens array 7 moves to the position shown by the dotted line in the figure at another time, the light beam deflection direction changes to the direction b in the figure even with the parallel beam emitted from the same light source unit 1a.

In the present embodiment, the parallel beam is deflected in various directions within a very short time by using means having such a configuration.

Next, a method of reproducing an arbitrary point image P in a three-dimensional space when the apparatus having the above configuration is used will be described with reference to FIG.

In order to reproduce the light beam passing through the point P at a certain time t, it is necessary to select the light source section 1a to be turned on from the light source array 1 according to the state of the light emission direction control means 2 at that time. There is. Since the beams emitted from the individual light source units 1a are all parallel beams and are perpendicular to the XY plane, when the rays are traced backward from the point P, the beams are perpendicular to the XY plane via the ray emission direction control means 2 at that time. Point Q that reaches the light source array 1 as a light beam
Is a light source section to be turned on.

In the above configuration, a plurality of such light source portions 1a are present for one point image, but all of them are turned on at the same time, and similarly at other times within the micro period T. If the light source is selectively turned on, all points P
Can be generated so that the observer can recognize the point image P.

However, if the intensity of the light beam on the XY plane is given a two-dimensional distribution by restricting the range of the light source unit to be turned on, the directivity of the light beam for reproducing the point P can also be expressed. it can.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of this method. When all of the light beams for reproducing the point P are reproduced, the point image P is observed by both the observer A and the observer B. When off is set, that is, when the light emission state of the light source array is controlled, the light beam for reproducing the point image P becomes a light beam having directivity that can be observed only by the observer A.

In the description of FIG. 6, a method of reproducing one point image P in the light deflection period T has been described. However, the present apparatus can reproduce a plurality of point images in the light deflection period T.

FIG. 7 shows a plurality of point images P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ },
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram when reproducing. FIG. 7 shows that when there are a plurality of point images to be reproduced, P _{1 to} P _n , light rays are traced backward from all the point images P ₁ , P ₂ } as in the case of reproducing one point image. the light source unit 1a which corresponds to Q ₁ to Q _n that has reached the light source array 1 becomes perpendicular beam to the XY plane via the light emission direction controlling means 2 at that time, and the position of the light source to be lighted.

Similarly, the light source is selectively turned on at other times within the minute period T, and the observer can observe the point images P ₁ to P ₁ .
_Pn can be recognized. Similarly,
When directivity is given to the reproduction light flux of each point image, X
Lighting of the light source is controlled in consideration of the two-dimensional distribution of the light beam intensity on the Y plane being an appropriate distribution.

Next, a driving method of the light emitting direction control means 2 will be described. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing how the microlens array 7 is driven and how light rays are shaken, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are graphs showing the change over time of the displacement amount of the microlens array 7.

During the unit time T, the micro lens array 7
Is moved in the y direction by one pitch d of the element lens 7a, the reciprocating motion of the amplitude c is repeated in the x direction. As a result, the micro lens array 7 performs a zigzag motion,
The light beam is also zigzag scanned accordingly. If the period of the reciprocation in the x direction is short, the deflection angle of the light beam can take almost any value. This constitutes means for controlling the light emission direction two-dimensionally.

In this method, it is desirable to be able to perform two-dimensional light beam deflection as described above. However, it is necessary to reduce the vertical parallax of the reproduced image due to problems such as a reduction in the amount of information and a reduction in the driving speed of the light beam emission direction control means 2. The scanning direction of the light beam can be limited to the horizontal direction.

In this case, a lenticular lens 9 as shown in FIG. 11 may be used as the light beam deflecting means instead of the microlens array 7, and the lenticular lens 9 may be moved only in the horizontal direction indicated by the arrow.

A light source array 1 and a light emitting direction control means 2
Need not necessarily be separated, and one may also serve as the other. For example, in a configuration using the microlens array 7, if the relative positional relationship between the microlens array 7 and the light source array 1 changes, light beam deflection is performed.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a configuration in which the microlens array 7 is fixed and the light source array 1 is vibrated by vibrating means (not shown), and also plays a role of light beam deflection. It is. Further, in this manner, the x-vibration and y-vibration are applied to the light source array 1 and the light-emission direction control means 2, respectively.
It is also possible to share the role of beam deflection, such as sharing vibration.

Next, a method for efficiently reproducing a three-dimensional image using the present apparatus will be described. This apparatus expresses a three-dimensional image by a set of point images. Therefore, if the simplest reproducing method is used, (m · n) ³ points are reproduced in order to reproduce a cube having a side length of m and a resolution of n on each side.

However, as described above, in the present apparatus, the directivity of the light beam can be expressed, and by utilizing this, the number of point images to be reproduced can be minimized and the hidden surface in the reproduced image can be reduced. Processing (processing so that an image that is not observed when viewed by an observer is made invisible) can also be executed.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a method for reproducing (m · n) ³ points. FIG. 13 shows the basic concept of point image reproduction. It is assumed that main light emitting points a to d exist on the light emitting direction control means 2. In order to reproduce the point Xo on the three-dimensional image A by a set of light beams emitted from these,
What is necessary is just to make each light beam emit in the direction which cross | intersects at the point Xo, respectively. At this time, each ray intersects with the three-dimensional image A at points Xa, Xb, Xc, and Xd in addition to the point Xo. It is not recognized as an image.

As described above, in the present invention, only the convergence point of the light beam becomes a point image to be reproduced, and the convergence of the light beam is determined by the change of the outgoing direction depending on the position of the outgoing point on the light emitting direction control means 2 and time. Controlled.

Next, referring to FIGS. 14 to 17, a description will be given of a method for improving the efficiency of reproduction by minimizing the number of reproduced images at the time of reproducing a three-dimensional image based on the above concept. In these figures, four points a to d are assumed as the emission points of the light from the light emission direction control means 2, and points X1 to X4 on the image A are assumed as the point images to be reproduced.

In FIG. 14, the light rays emitted from the emission point a pass through a plurality of points of the reproduced image A except for those passing through the point X2. Each of them has two or more points of intersection with the image A (the light ray is in contact with the image A at the point X2). However, the observer does not need to recognize two reproduction points on one ray. The point image to be recognized by the observer is only the image of the point farthest from the emission point (the point farthest from the observer) among these points.

In FIG. 14, the point X1 'is farther than the point X1, the point X3 is farther than the point X3', and the point X4 is farther than the point X4 '. X1 '
, X2, X3, and X4.

As described above, a set of points farther from the point A among the intersections between the light beam emitted from the point a and the image A is regarded as a reproduction target point, and falls within a range indicated by a thick solid line in the drawing. Exists. Conversely, a set of points closer to point a out of the intersections of the light ray emitted from point a and image A is regarded as a point not to be reproduced,
It exists in the range shown by the thin dotted line in the figure. As described above, the point to be reproduced can be controlled by changing the emission direction depending on the emission point position and the time on the light emission direction control means 2.

Regarding light rays not only from the emission point a but also from other emission points, a reproduction target point and a point not to be reproduced can be determined in the same manner, and the respective ranges are indicated by thick solid lines in FIGS. This is indicated by a thin dotted line. The following table summarizes the main reproduction target points for each of the emission points a to d.

[0065]

[Table 1] In this way, by setting only the image points furthest from the respective emission points a to d of the light emission direction control means 2 as reproduction target points, it is not necessary to reproduce all the points forming the image A, and one light emission Reproduction of one image is completed only by controlling the direction of emission of light from a point for one cycle, thereby greatly improving reproduction efficiency. Furthermore, hidden surface processing between three-dimensional images can be performed by applying the above method.

Next, this method will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in the figure, when two three-dimensional images of the image A and the image B are reproduced, one of them may be hidden by the other depending on the viewing direction. Can be fully expressed.

For example, in FIG. 18, the point farthest from the point a through the images A and B among the intersections of the light beam emitted from the light emitting point a and the reproduced images A and B exists in the range of the thick solid line in the figure. If these points are set as reproduction target points and other points in the range shown by the thin dotted line in the figure are excluded from the reproduction target, the hidden surface is not reproduced. Not only the emission point a but also light rays from other emission points can be similarly determined as a reproduction target point and a non-reproduction target point, and their ranges are indicated by thick solid lines and thin dotted lines in FIGS. Indicated by

The image reproduction of such a method is applied to all the emission points on the light beam emission direction control means 2 to reproduce the image.
Hidden surface processing of a two-dimensional image is performed.

In these embodiments, a typical configuration example of the present invention has been described. However, it is possible to improve the performance and other conveniences by making the following changes in the components of the apparatus. it can.

(A-1) Light Source Array 1 for Emitting Unidirectional Light Rays
2 can be used. Each of the matrix light source units 5 such as LEDs emits light, and these divergent lights are condensed by the field lens 10 at the center of the optical axis. Then, only the light passing through the pinhole 11 can be used as the light source unit, and is converted into a unidirectional parallel light beam by the lens 12 arranged at a focal distance f from the pinhole 11.

(A-2) Light Emitting Direction Control Means 2 The microlens array 7 has a discontinuous boundary portion of the lens 7a, and the light emitting direction changes discontinuously even if the microlens array 7 is continuously displaced. become. Therefore, FIG.
By using a waveform lens array 71 in which the lens cross section is a waveform and the boundaries of individual lenses are continuous, as in 3, it is possible to maintain the continuity of the change in the light emitting direction.

Further, an optical element other than a lens can be used as a light beam deflecting means. For example, a device similar to the above-described embodiment can be configured by vibrating a material that deflects light by diffraction, such as a diffraction grating or a hologram, at high speed.

Further, VAP (vertical angle variable prism) and D
The light emitting direction control means may be constituted by an element that actively changes the refraction angle or the reflection angle of the light beam like an MD element.

(A-3) Other Configurations According to the configuration of the above embodiment, as can be seen from FIG. 24, the range A of the light emission direction at the points a and b on the light emission direction control means 2 The range B is a range as shown by oblique lines in the figure, and the range in which both the light rays from the point a and the light rays from the point b reach is a range C shown by a vertical line in the figure. In contrast, FIG.
When a refraction member, for example, a convex lens 13 is placed in front of or behind the light emission direction control means 2 as shown in (2), the light emission direction is shifted toward the center, and the range C in which both the light from the point a and the light from the point b reach Can be wider.

When the concave lens 14 is placed in front of or behind the light emitting direction control means 2 as shown in FIG. 26, the range of the light emitting direction is widened and the observation area can be widened.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram for speeding up the generation of the reproduced image data and the driving of the light source array 1 by the configuration in which the present apparatus is combined with the observer's head position detecting means 15 and 16.

In the figure, reference numeral 16 denotes an image processing unit for detecting the position of the head of the observer A, which analyzes a stereo image obtained by the stereo camera 15 and detects the position of the head of the observer A. The head position data is sent to the light source array control means 4.
If the position of the head of the observer A can be specified, light rays for image reproduction need to be emitted only to the existing range, so that the light source array control means 4 limits the lighting range of the light source array 1 to a narrow range. it can. As a result, the amount of calculation for generating the reproduced image data is reduced, the range in which the light source unit of the light source array should be driven is narrowed, and the light source array driving speed is increased.

[0078]

According to the present invention, by setting each element as described above, a predetermined three-dimensional image has a wide observation area in a three-dimensional space, and a large three-dimensional image can be quickly and accurately reproduced. Thus, it is possible to achieve a three-dimensional image reproducing device capable of favorably observing a three-dimensional image.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an optical path of a part of the light beam in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view of a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view of a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of driving of the microlens array of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a displacement amount of the microlens array of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the time displacement of the displacement amount of the microlens array of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a part of the light beam emission direction control means of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a view showing a third light beam from the light beam emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 14 is a view showing a third light beam from the light beam emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 15 is a view showing a third light beam from the light beam emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 16 shows a third example of the light beam from the light beam emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 17 is a view showing a third light beam from the light beam emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 18 is a view showing a third light beam from the light emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 19 is a view showing light rays 3 from the light ray emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 20 is a view showing a third example of the light beam from the light beam emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 21 is a view showing a third light beam from the light beam emission direction control means in FIG. 1;
Explanatory diagram of incident light path to two-dimensional image

FIG. 22 is an explanatory view of an improvement of a part near the light beam emission direction control means of FIG. 1;

FIG. 23 is an explanatory view of a microlens array of the light beam emission direction control means of FIG. 1;

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of a light beam emission direction control unit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of a light beam emission direction control unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of a light beam emission direction control unit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram when a part of FIG. 1 is polarized.

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a conventional three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 light source array 1 a light source section 2 light emitting direction control means 3 light emitting direction detecting means 4 light source array controlling means 5 light emitting section 6 collimator lens 7 micro lens array 8 high frequency vibration means 9 lenticular lens 10 positive lens 11 pinhole 12 positive lens 13,14 refraction system 15 stereo camera 16 image processing unit 101 control unit A, B observer _{P, P 1, P 2,} P 3 reproduced image 102 telecentric

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-8-240788 (JP, A) JP-A-7-98439 (JP, A) JP-A-6-300986 (JP, A) JP-A-6-300986 160770 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02B 27/22 H04N 13/00-17/06

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] 1. A light source array in which a plurality of light source units that emit unidirectional light beams are arranged, and a light emitting direction control unit that independently emits light beams from a plurality of light source units in the light source array in an arbitrary direction. Light source array control means for controlling the light emitting state of the plurality of light source units so that a set of light rays from the light emission direction control means passes through a predetermined point in a three-dimensional space within a predetermined unit time ;
Has, by using each of these means, then play of the three-dimensional image of the predetermined point, when you observed at the observation position a three-dimensional image of the given point, most incident on the observation position Two close
A three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus, wherein an interval between light beams is equal to or smaller than a pupil diameter of an observer . 2. A light source array in which a plurality of light source units that emit unidirectional light beams are arranged, and a light emitting direction control unit that independently emits light beams from the plurality of light source units in the light source array in an arbitrary direction. Light source array control means for controlling the light emitting state of the plurality of light source units so that a set of light rays from the light emission direction control means passes through a predetermined point in a three-dimensional space within a predetermined unit time ;
It has, by using each of these means, then play of the three-dimensional image of the predetermined point, when observing the observation position 3-dimensional image of the predetermined point closest incident on the observation position Two
A three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus , wherein the interval between light beams is 2 mm or less . 3. The three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined unit time is shorter than a permissible afterimage time of an observer. 4. The fixed unit time is 1/30 to 1/60.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time is within the range of seconds.
3D image reproducing apparatus. 5. The three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said light beam emission direction control means has a vibrating microlens array. 6. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to control the emission direction of the light rays emitted from the light ray emission direction controlling means by the relative vibration between the light source array and the light emission direction controlling means 3D image reproducing apparatus. 7. The three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the relative vibration between the light source array and the light emitting direction control means is a zigzag motion. Wherein said light source unit according to claim 1 or 2 3, characterized in that it has a collimator lens for the light from the light emitting portion and a light emitting portion is condensed, emitted as parallel light
Dimensional image reproducing device. 9. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that telecentric be emitted as substantially parallel light principal ray from the plurality of light sources of the light source row on the light emitting side of the light source array is provided 3-dimensional image reproducing apparatus. 10. The three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein said microlens array has a cross section in a thickness direction having a continuous waveform shape. 11. A light-emitting state of a light source unit in a predetermined area of the plurality of light source units of the light source row is controlled to give directivity to light rays from the predetermined point when viewed from the observation position. The three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 12. One of the light beams from the light source unit may be
When passing through a plurality of points on the reconstructed image in the three-dimensional space, a predetermined point in the three-dimensional space to be observed from the observation position is a point farthest from the light emitting direction control means among the plurality of points. so as a three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that performing the hidden surface processing of the reproduction image. 13. A three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that is provided with the refractive member on the light incident side or light emission side of the light emission direction controlling means.